CN1263618C - Power system of electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile - Google Patents
Power system of electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN1263618C CN1263618C CNB021365016A CN02136501A CN1263618C CN 1263618 C CN1263618 C CN 1263618C CN B021365016 A CNB021365016 A CN B021365016A CN 02136501 A CN02136501 A CN 02136501A CN 1263618 C CN1263618 C CN 1263618C
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a power system for an electric-electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle. The present invention comprises a drive motor (1), a motor drive controller (2), a fuel cell (3), a unidirectional high-voltage DC/DC converter (4), a vehicle controller (9), a high-energy power accumulator battery (5), an accumulator battery managing unit (8), a super capacitor (6) and a bidirectional high-voltage DC/DC converter (7), wherein with the vehicle controller (9), the balance control of horse power can be realized. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages that with the present invention, the reasonable horse power allocation among the fuel cell (3), the high-energy power accumulator battery (5) and the super capacitor (6) can be realized; therefore, the power performance, the economy and the safety of a fuel cell vehicle and the normal serviceable life of each component can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity-electric mixed dynamic system of fuel cell powered vehicle, relate in particular to a kind of electricity-electric mixed dynamic system that has auxiliary power source.
Background technology
Energy and environment are material bases that human society is depended on for existence and development, and developing the new energy and protecting environment is the sixty-four dollar question that the present mankind face.Nearly two during the last ten years, because oil crises and environmental pollution take place in succession, promotes and accelerated the development of elec. vehicle technology, and the competition of research is developed in countries in the world to electric vehicle engineering.Fuel cell powered vehicle is generally believed it is the environmental protection automobile that can solve the energy and emission problem simultaneously, is the main direction of development of automobile from now on.Fuel cell technology, especially Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) technology constantly makes a breakthrough over past ten years, obtain fast-developing, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is with its high-energy-density and zero disposal of pollutants, and potential price advantage and the diversified characteristics of fuel, the present power source that has become the fuel cell powered vehicle main separation.
Driving engine by zero-emission " hydrogen moves No. (the HydroGenl) " fuel cell powered vehicle of General Motors Coporation development is 55 kilowatts of three-phase AC asynchronous motors, the fuel cells that its power comes free liquid pure hydrogen to drive, this battery pack is formed by 200 single fuel cell series, and cumulative volume is equivalent to the logical engine petrol of a Daepori; There is an air compressor on the battery pack next door, and to battery pack and a catalytic burner delivering oxygen, catalytic combubstion fires remaining gas in the battery pack.This power pack can produce 80 kilowatts at ordinary times, be up to 120 kilowatts electric current, and the power system of this car can overcome the obstacle of cold post-start.
But because fuel cell is before starting generating, (it belongs to the component part of fuel cell to need the air compressor of a constant volume, generally speaking, the capacity of air compressor motor be the fuel cell output rating 20%) provide the air of certain pressure and flow for it, so needing by auxiliary power source at first is the air compressor motor power supply, after fuel cell start-up and normal power generation, just by the power supply of itself keeping air compressor.And need time several seconds approximately from fuel cell start-up to the more high-performance electric energy of output, when making it as car power source, this produces such problem: if automobile needs to start to walk to travel during fuel cell start-up, because fuel cell still can not be powered for drive motor, at this moment also need to power to drive motor by the temporary transient alternative fuel battery of auxiliary power source.In addition, for electronlmobil, drive motor can be realized the regenerative electric power braking operation easily.
Based on above-mentioned technical reason, current at present fuel cell powered vehicle power system technical scheme, except that adopting fuel battery engines as the major impetus source, be equipped with power accumulator as auxiliary power source, adopt fuel cell as following problem that main power was brought to solve:
1) during fuel cell start-up, is the Air compressor power supply;
2) be the drive motor power supply during the fuel cell start-up;
3) that part of electric energy that will reclaim by drive motor and driving governor during automobile brake is saved.
We can say that adopting power accumulator is to be a kind of inevitable choice of the vehicle-mounted power system in major impetus source with the fuel cell as auxiliary power source.Present key problem in technology is, how to determine to distribute as the capacity of the fuel cell of main power with as the power accumulator or the best power between the ultracapacitor of auxiliary power source.
Summary of the invention
The present invention wants the technical solution problem to provide a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle power system, and it has power accumulator and the two auxiliary power sources of ultracapacitor and can realize that rational power is distributed between three propulsions source.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: providing a kind of is the major impetus source with the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells driving engine, high-energy power battery pack and super capacitor are auxiliary power source, and drive motor and driving governor are electricity one electric mixed dynamic system of actuating device.By auxiliary power source be used for see that the required output power of the object that it was powered is all smaller, and all be the work that discharges and recharges in short-term, so can adopt the method for high power fuel cell, low capacity high-energy battery group.But consider the actual conditions of domestic fuel cell and high-energy battery group, by up to the present can't making the bigger fuel cell of power, be scheme than the high-energy power battery pack of the fuel cell of low capacity and larger capacity so the present invention adopts.Even if the high-energy power storage battery specific energy and the specific power that can reach is all also lower in addition, so the spark performance of power accumulator group is still undesirable.For improve automobile starting, performance when quickening, the present invention has adopted super capacitor as the another one auxiliary power source.1), guarantee that the electric current given value of fuel cell follows the slow variation and the battery charge control of average load in order to realize the power balance control of above-mentioned each device, the method that the present invention adopts is as follows:; 2), reasonably the regulating cell electric current plays the effect of regulating peak power under the prerequisite that guarantees the life-span, the control of battery charging and discharging is adopted according to the different mining of the SOC state method with different charging or discharging current amplitude limit value; 3), guarantee battery state-of-charge SOC (State ofCharge) and initial value SOC behind complete state of cyclic operation of operation
InialBasic identical.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage: power system of the present invention can realize between fuel cell, power accumulator and the super capacitor that rational power distributes, thereby guarantees the ordinary life of the dynamic property of fuel cell powered vehicle, economical, safety and each parts.In power system of the present invention, consider the characteristics that fuel cell output voltage is lower, output characteristic is softer and response is slower, current closed-loop control by DC/DC (DC to DC converter), and be equipped with super capacitor (Ultracapacitor) and high-energy battery group, realize the torque closed loop control of drive motor.Be in startup, quicken and climb operating mode constantly at automobile,, provide electric energy by high-energy power battery pack and fuel cell mixing for satisfying the requirement of dynamic property; Under the rest working conditions, mainly provide electric energy by fuel cell; The use of super capacitor, mainly be in order to play the effect of energy snubber and power balance, because super capacitor has superelevation charge densisty and power density, under identical capacity than the power accumulator group light many and little many, being particularly suitable for the short time such as automobile starting, acceleration, climbing need provide the application scenario of high-power output.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile power system of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1: electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile power system of the present invention comprises:
One drive motor 1 and the motor drive controller 2 that is connected by cable with it, described drive motor 1 adopts the torque closed loop control.
One fuel cell 3 (Fuel Cell Engine), it comprises: fuel cell controller 31, air compressor 32, fuel cell heap 33, DC/AC inverter 34 can be the electric energy that fuel cell powered vehicle provides big electric current, low voltage; Described fuel cell controller 31 is by DC/AC inverter 34 control air compressors 32, for fuel cell pack 33 provides needed air supply.
One with fuel cell 3 by high-tension cable bonded assembly one-way high-pressure DC/DC changer 4, it adopts the outgoing current closed loop control, this means, DC/DC changer 4 constantly detects the outgoing current on the outgoing side high voltage bus, and compare in real time with the setting outgoing current of vehicle control device 9, guarantee that the given rule of outgoing side current tracking vehicle control device 9 changes.In addition, control algorithm has guaranteed, the average load that the outgoing current of fuel cell 3 is followed in the running car changes, and suitably take into account the high-energy battery group current discharge and recharge needs, obtain the desired output power of fuel cell 3 thus, based on this expectation power, vehicle control device 9 is by the horsepower output of fuel cell controller 31 fuel metering battery pile.The big electric current of fuel cell 3 outputs, the electric energy of low voltage offer motor drive controller 2 after boosting through one-way high-pressure DC/DC changer 4;
One high-energy power battery pack 5 improves electric energy and provides certain peak power for drive motor 1 when automobile starting, acceleration, the climbing for air compressor 32 before fuel cell start-up, and electric energy savings device is provided when drive motor 1 regenerative electric power braking;
One super capacitor 6 (Ultra-Capacitor) provides bigger discharge peak power at automobile starting, acceleration/accel during big and climbing, and absorb bigger charging peak power when drive motor 1 regenerative electric power braking;
One two-way high pressure DC/DC changer 7, its same current closed-loop that adopts is controlled, it is the size of current that DC/DC changer 7 constantly detects inflow/outflow super capacitor 6, and compare in real time with the setting electric current of vehicle control device 9, guarantee the given rule variation of the current tracking vehicle control device 9 of inflows/outflow super capacitor 6.I/O that in this way can pro-active intervention super capacitor 6, electric energy in the super capacitor 6 is offered drive motor 1, the perhaps electric energy of absorption portion drive motor 1 regenerative electric power braking, the peak power requirement in the time of also can providing car acceleration, climbing according to the operating mode demand.
One high-energy battery group administrative unit 8 (Batteries Management Unit) provides about the effective enforcement for the power balance control policy of the information of battery pack state-of-charge SOC (State Of Charge);
One vehicle control device 9,1), guarantee that the electric current given value of fuel cell follows the slow variation and the battery charge control of average load control fuel cell 3 (Fuel Cell Engine), super capacitor 6 (Ultra-Capacitor), high-energy power battery pack 5, drive motor 1 and motor drive controller 2, and the power balance control that realizes above-mentioned each device promptly:; 2), reasonably the regulating cell electric current plays the effect of regulating peak power under the prerequisite that guarantees the life-span, the control of battery charging and discharging is adopted according to the different mining of the SOC state method with different charging or discharging current amplitude limit value; 3), guarantee battery state-of-charge SOC (State of Charge) and initial value SOC behind complete state of cyclic operation of operation
InialBasic identical.Under the guidance of such control method, vehicle control device 9 can calculate the desired output power of fuel cell pack 33 respectively, the I/O size of current of super capacitor, and coordination unidirectional DC/DC changer 4 of co-operative control and two-way DC/DC changer 7, the load current of control power accumulator 5 is realized whole dynamic system power balance control.
According to above-mentioned basic control method, by the statistical analysis and the dynamic modeling of detailed simulation calculation and vehicle operational mode, the proportionate relationship of confirmable above each the engine installation capacity of the present invention is roughly: drive motor and electric machine controller are 100%; Fuel cell is 60%; The power accumulator group is 20%; Super capacitor is 20%.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile power system comprises:
One drive motor (1) and the motor drive controller (2) that is connected by power line with it;
One with motor drive controller (2) two-way power line bonded assembly fuel cell (3), it comprises fuel cell controller (31);
One with fuel cell (3) by power line bonded assembly one-way high-pressure DC/DC changer (4), its mouth is connected with the input end of motor drive controller (2);
One vehicle control device (9), it carries out two way communication with motor drive controller (2), one-way high-pressure DC/DC changer (4), fuel cell controller (31) and is connected;
It is characterized in that this system also comprises:
One high-energy power battery pack (5) and battery pack administrative unit (8), described battery pack administrative unit (8) is connected with vehicle control device (9) two way communication, is connected by power line with motor drive controller (2);
One super capacitor (6) reaches with super capacitor (6) and passes through power line bonded assembly bidirectional high-pressure DC/DC changer (7), and described bidirectional high-pressure DC/DC changer is connected by power line with motor drive controller (2);
Described vehicle control device (9) is to realize power balance control like this:
A), assurance fuel cell current given value is followed the slow variation and the battery charge control of average load;
B), reasonably regulate high-energy power battery pack (5) electric current and guaranteeing to play the effect of regulating peak power under the prerequisite in life-span, the control that high-energy power battery pack (5) is discharged and recharged adopt according to the different mining of state-of-charge with different charging or discharging current amplitude limit value;
C), guarantee that high-energy power battery pack (5) state-of-charge and initial value behind complete state of cyclic operation of operation are basic identical.
2, electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile power system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described drive motor (1) adopts the torque closed loop control.
3, electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile power system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described one-way high-pressure DC/DC changer (4) adopts the outgoing current closed loop control.
4, electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile power system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described bidirectional high-pressure DC/DC changer (7) adopts current closed-loop control.
5, electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile power system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the power configuration proportionate relationship between described drive motor (1) and electric machine controller (2), fuel cell (3), high-energy power battery pack (5), super capacitor (6) is: drive motor (1) and electric machine controller (2) are 100%, fuel cell for (3) 60%, high-energy power battery pack (5) is 20%, super capacitor (6) is 20%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021365016A CN1263618C (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2002-08-14 | Power system of electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021365016A CN1263618C (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2002-08-14 | Power system of electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile |
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| CN1475378A CN1475378A (en) | 2004-02-18 |
| CN1263618C true CN1263618C (en) | 2006-07-12 |
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| CNB021365016A Expired - Lifetime CN1263618C (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2002-08-14 | Power system of electric-electric mixed fuel battery automobile |
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-
2002
- 2002-08-14 CN CNB021365016A patent/CN1263618C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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