CN1262624C - Combined process for dry distillation of coal and production of carbon black by plasma cracking - Google Patents
Combined process for dry distillation of coal and production of carbon black by plasma cracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN1262624C CN1262624C CN 200410092421 CN200410092421A CN1262624C CN 1262624 C CN1262624 C CN 1262624C CN 200410092421 CN200410092421 CN 200410092421 CN 200410092421 A CN200410092421 A CN 200410092421A CN 1262624 C CN1262624 C CN 1262624C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a combined technology for dry distillation of coal and preparation of carbon black in a plasma cracking mode, which belongs to the field of coal chemical industry, plasma chemical industry and preparation of carbon black. The present invention is characterized in that coal is converted into coking coal, semi coke and dry distillation gas which contains lots of carbon containing volatile substances in a dry distillation process; the dry distillation gas which contains carbon containing volatile substances directly enters a plasma reactor to react with plasma, which generates carbon black, hydrogen, etc.; the combined technology for dry distillation of coal and preparation of carbon black in a plasma cracking mode is realized. The present invention solves the problems of low energy utilization efficiency and lacking raw materials for preparing carbon black existing in the prior art. The combined technology has the characteristics of high energy utilization efficiency, short flow path, equipment investment saving, low preparation cost, obvious economic benefit, little environmental pollution, etc.
Description
Technical field
The combination process of the dry distillation of coal of the present invention and production of carbon black by plasma cracking relates to the combination process that a kind of dry distillation of coal and plasma cracking are produced carbon black, belongs to Coal Chemical Industry, plasma chemical industry and carbon black production field.
Technical background
The main products of the carbon black and the dry distillation of coal (comprising metallurgical coke, foundry coke, coke for ferroalloy, coal gas and coal tar) is an indispensable industrial chemicals in the modern people economy, is bringing into play important role in many basic industries.
Carbon black raw oil by sources is divided three classes: the one, and clarified oil (DC) produces when being exactly gas oil fluidised form catalytic cracking (FCC) production gasoline; The 2nd, ethylene bottom oil (ET) is to produce in petroleum naphtha and the gas oil steam cracking production ethylene process; The 3rd, coal tar and distillate thereof (CT) comprise creosote and carbolineum etc., are to produce in the coal conversion process.The carbon black oil of the Europe and the U.S. is based on DC, and especially the U.S. is DC more than 95%.China is based on coal tar and ethylene bottom oil.
China's carbon black consumption in 2003 surpasses 1,000,000 tons, has broken through and has planned prediction in 2005, approaches the level of 2010 annual requirements, and industry such as rubber is sought-after to carbon black, and carbon black is in the state that supply falls short of demand.China's apparent consumption of ethene in 2003 reaches more than 600 ten thousand tons, total ethylene bottom oil amount that estimation is produced should be at 150～2,000,000 tons, and in fact all 30%～50% of ethylene bottom oil can supply production of carbon black, and all the other all act as a fuel, and the ethylene bottom oil shortage is a realistic problem.Last year, China's coke output was more than 16,000 ten thousand tons, estimate that available coal tar is 3,500,000 tons, in fact quite a few tar is not just burnt with destructive distillation gas when also cooling is separated out from destructive distillation gas in vain, resource but also contaminate environment had not only been wasted, in addition coal tar some be used to produce Chemicals such as naphthalene, the coal tar that really is used to produce carbon black is short equally.
Owing to above reason carbon black raw oil is the seller's market for a long time, and the prime cost of carbon black production is stock oil, accounts for 70%～80% of carbon black total cost.We can say who has had raw material, who just stands on the invincible position in production of carbon black.On the other hand, the reasonable utilization ratio wretched insufficiency of dry distillation of coal gas, a large amount of destructive distillation gas are wasted.
The conventional fabrication processes of carbon black has oven process, channel process, pyrolysis method, although plasma cracking method carbon black new process of production carbon black quality is good, pollutes for a short time, exists power consumption than common process height, the problem that thermo-efficiency is low.
In dry distillation of coal technology, the destructive distillation gas of deriving from the destructive distillation chamber contains CO, H
2, CH
4, the volatility carbonaceous material, through overcooling, processing, obtain coal gas and coal tar; In the carbon black production technique, with at first preheating of coal tar, send into again in the carbon black Reaktionsofen, the generation carbon black reacts.Destructive distillation gas is cooled earlier and afterwards is heated in this process, and the energy repetition and waste needs cooling and heating installation simultaneously.Secondary reaction generation coke tar refuse and hard carbon easily take place in the volatility carbonaceous material in the destructive distillation gas in cooling heat-processed, form the wasting of resources and environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the combination process of the dry distillation of coal of the present invention and production of carbon black by plasma cracking is: solve the shortage of present carbon black raw materials for production, dry distillation of coal gas utilization ratio is low; Dry distillation of coal technology and plasma cracking method are produced the low problem of carbon black technology energy utilization efficiency, and the combination process of a kind of dry distillation of coal and plasma cracking combination production of carbon black by is provided.
The combination process of the dry distillation of coal of the present invention and production of carbon black by plasma cracking is characterized in that: coal generates coke, semicoke product through destructive distillation, generate the destructive distillation gas that contains the volatility carbonaceous material simultaneously and directly enter plasma reactor, generating carbon black, hydrogen and other byproducts with action of plasma, is exactly in fact a kind of the technology that semicoke, coke technology and production of carbon black by plasma cracking technology make up to be produced in the dry distillation of coal.
The combination process of the dry distillation of coal and production of carbon black by plasma cracking, this technology comprises following concrete steps:
I. with peat or brown coal or bituminous coal or their mixture input distillation system, coal is heated 500～900 ℃ in distillation system, generation is based on the reaction of pyrolysis, generates low volatile carbonaceous solids material such as coke, semicoke and contains the destructive distillation gas of volatility carbonaceous material;
II. the destructive distillation gas that contains the volatility carbonaceous material enters in the plasma reactor, the destructive distillation gas and the action of plasma that contain the volatility carbonaceous material, system temperature rises to 1500 ℃～3000 ℃, is reflected under the normal pressure and carries out, and destructive distillation gas is cracked into carbon black and hydrogen-rich gas.Working gas according to the plasma generator that uses is H
2, Ar, O
2, N
2, H
2Gas such as O, air difference, product also have a spot of CO, N except that carbon black and hydrogen
2, CO
2, C
nH
m, NH
3Deng gas;
III. carbon black and hydrogen-rich gas enter separation system, isolate carbon black and gaseous mixture, and collecting carbon black granulation packing becomes product.Gaseous mixture can be done following processing: directly use as combustion gas, reducing gas, synthetic gas (1); (2) fuel gas generation supply plasma system and a whole set of process system use; (3) gas mixture is further isolated H
2, C
2H
2Deng gas as product gas.
The plasma body that uses in the above-mentioned production of carbon black by plasma cracking technology is produced by the geseous discharge method.
The present invention can obtain following advantage and positively effect by implementing above technical scheme:
1. the heat of dry distillation of coal gas is fully utilized, and has improved the energy utilization efficiency of the dry distillation of coal and production of carbon black by plasma cracking two cover technologies greatly.Comprehensive energy consumption is lower than traditional oil oven method, contact process, pyrolysis cracking process and production of carbon black by plasma cracking production technique; 2. shorten two cover technical process, saved the equipment component investment; 3. opened up new way for the utilization of destructive distillation gas; 4. widen the source of carbon black raw materials for production, greatly reduced the production cost of carbon black, remarkable in economical benefits; 5. carbon black yield rate height can reach more than 90%, economizes in raw materials; 6. plasma heating power, parameter regulation such as plasma generator working gas are very simple, can control certain characteristic or a plurality of characteristic of carbon black respectively, produce the carbon black material that is fit for various uses and requires; 7. reduced the environmental pollution in the dry distillation of coal and the carbon black production process; 8. byproduct hydrogen, acetylene have very high economic worth.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The mixing coal of gas-fat coal, rich coal, coking coal, lean coal adds the destructive distillation chamber, and the quirk internal combustion produces the needed heat of the dry distillation of coal, is imported into by furnace wall.The quirk heating provides with the gaseous by-products of fuel by plasma carbon black production system, and coal charge generates semicoke, coke in the indoor generation drying of destructive distillation, cracking, separates out the destructive distillation gas that contains the volatility carbonaceous material.The destructive distillation pneumatic transmission is gone into the plasma carbon black reactor and is contained the action of plasma of high reactivity particle, and system temperature rises to 1800 ℃, and the moment cracking of destructive distillation gas generates by products such as carbon black and hydrogen.The flue gas that has carbon black captures carbon black at the reactor bottom spray cooling through cyclonic separator, bag filter, packs after the conveying of collected carbon black process, screening, the granulation.The isolated hydrogen-rich gas of bag filter, part are supplied with the distillation process heating and are used; The part generating is used for plasma system and whole process system; The part hydrogen-rich gas obtains products such as pure hydrogen, acetylene through separating, and small quantity of hydrogen is as plasma generator work gas.
Embodiment 2
Brown coal mix in the dry distillation reactor device with solid thermal carriers (hot semicoke), and coal charge is heated rapidly, and quick cracking takes place, and finish destructive distillation and separate out at dry distillation reactor device back segment.Solid thermal carriers are sent into riser tube with hot flue gas and stream heating, enter cyclonic separator, and flue gas is got rid of, and semicoke enters the semicoke groove.The part semicoke is as product; The part semicoke returns the dry distillation reactor device and recycles.The destructive distillation pneumatic transmission that contains the volatility carbonaceous material is gone into the plasma cracking process system, in the plasma cracking reactor, the part plasma forms plasma body, average reactor temperature rises to 2800 ℃, volatility carbonaceous material moment generation cracking generates carbon black and Fu Qing by product, high temperature carbon black flue gas is required air and the hydrogen-rich gas of preheating distillation process heating in interchanger, then with quenched water cooling carbon black flue gas, capture carbon black through the filter bag device, carbon black enters the powdered carbon black basin, wet granulation then, the packing of product.Hydrogen-rich gas is partly supplied with the distillation process heating and is used, and the part generating is used for plasma system and whole process system.Or the part hydrogen-rich gas obtains products such as pure hydrogen, acetylene through separating.
Claims (1)
1. the combination process of the dry distillation of coal and production of carbon black by plasma cracking, it is characterized in that coal generates coke, semicoke product through destructive distillation, generate the destructive distillation gas that contains the volatility carbonaceous material simultaneously and directly enter plasma reactor, generate carbon black and hydrogen with action of plasma, its concrete processing step is:
I. with peat or brown coal or bituminous coal or their mixture input distillation system, coal is heated 500～900 ℃ in distillation system, generation is based on the reaction of pyrolysis, generates coke, semicoke low volatile carbonaceous solids material and contains the destructive distillation gas of volatility carbonaceous material;
II. the destructive distillation gas that contains the volatility carbonaceous material enters in the plasma reactor, the destructive distillation gas and the action of plasma that contain the volatility carbonaceous material, system temperature rises to 1500 ℃～3000 ℃, is reflected under the normal pressure and carries out, and destructive distillation gas is cracked into carbon black and hydrogen-rich gas;
III. carbon black and hydrogen-rich gas enter separation system, isolate carbon black and gaseous mixture, and collecting carbon black granulation packing becomes product.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410092421 CN1262624C (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2004-12-16 | Combined process for dry distillation of coal and production of carbon black by plasma cracking |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410092421 CN1262624C (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2004-12-16 | Combined process for dry distillation of coal and production of carbon black by plasma cracking |
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| CN1644650A CN1644650A (en) | 2005-07-27 |
| CN1262624C true CN1262624C (en) | 2006-07-05 |
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