CN1260041C - Laser cladding method for stick milling cutter - Google Patents
Laser cladding method for stick milling cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1260041C CN1260041C CN 200310121481 CN200310121481A CN1260041C CN 1260041 C CN1260041 C CN 1260041C CN 200310121481 CN200310121481 CN 200310121481 CN 200310121481 A CN200310121481 A CN 200310121481A CN 1260041 C CN1260041 C CN 1260041C
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- milling cutter
- rod milling
- laser
- helical
- base substrate
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a laser cladding method of a stick milling cutter, more specifically a method for forming a stick milling cutter with a helical margin clad with a hard metal layer by using synchronous powder feeding technology to cladding a layer of hard metal material on the top surface of the helical margin of a cutter blank basal body of the common stick milling cutter with the helical margin. The present invention is characterized in that aiming at the characteristic that a cutting margin of the stick milling cutter is the helical margin, a mode of compounding the rotary movement of a digital control rotary table and the straight-line movement of a robot into helical movement which is completely accordant with the track of the helical margin of the stick milling cutter to be processed is adopted; the steel-based body of the stick milling cutter which is provided with the helical margin and clamped in the digital control rotary table is processed by using laser cladding technology; according to the standards of a high-speed steel milling stick cutter, the helical margin and conical handle of a semi-finished product of an end milling cutter which is processed through laser cladding are ground; thus, a finished product of a laser cladding end milling cutter is formed. The performance of the stick milling cutter accords with GB/T12204.3-90 national standards.
Description
Technical field
A kind of laser that adopts belongs to technical field of laser processing to the method that the helical land of rod milling cutter cutter blank matrix carries out cladding.
Background technology
Milling cutter is mechanical processing industry a kind of multiple-cutting-edge tool commonly used, because it is many to participate in the land of cutting simultaneously, blade is long, and can adopt higher cutting speed, so the productivity ratio height has been obtained in machining widely and used.In recent years, along with popularizing of Digit Control Machine Tool and production miller, the quantity of milling cutter (particularly slotting cutter) is more and more (being only second to lathe tool and drill bit) also, demonstrates the importance of Milling Process in metal processing.Because the blade tip of cutter is easy to wear, therefore belong to easily-consumed products, use amount is very big.
The specification kind of milling cutter is a lot, can be divided into sharp teeth profile milling cutter and backed-off milling cutter by its knife-tooth structure.Slotting cutter is a kind of of sharp teeth profile milling cutter, and the hole that it is used for different shape on milling step surface, side, trench recess, the workpiece reaches inside and outside curvilinear surface etc.According to machinable range size once, slotting cutter can be divided into two classes, and a class is the slotting cutter of the little range of work, is called " rod milling cutter ", and whole cutter is made by high-speed steel, and the cutting edge that milling is used is to be formed through grinding by the helical land that processes along the milling cutter cylinder; Another kind of is the slotting cutter of the big range of work, is called " dish milling cutter ".What this patent related to is " rod milling cutter ", and its profile as shown in Figure 5.
Rod milling cutter commonly used is generally high-speed steel and makes, and the work edge face only is a helical land, and reconditioning just must be carried out in helical land wearing and tearing back, so the manufacturing cost height of cutter, and the cutter material waste is big.If the employing laser cladding method, cladding hard metal material on the helical land of common iron rod milling cutter cutter blank matrix then can reduce manufacturing cost greatly, avoids the waste of high speed steel material, can also drop into after the concentrated wear to re-use.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the helical land end face laser melting coating hard metal material at the rod milling cutter base steel base substrate that has helical land makes the method with rod milling cutter that wearability is good, cost is low.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the present invention is directed to rod milling cutter cutting land is the characteristics of helical land, adopt rotatablely moving and the compound mode that becomes the screw that fits like a glove with rod milling cutter helical land track to be processed of the rectilinear motion of mechanical hand of numerical control rotating platform, the rod milling cutter base steel base substrate that is clamped in the numerical control rotating platform is implemented laser melting and coating process, last reconditioning is shaped, make finished product rod milling cutter, said method comprising the steps of:
(1), the installation of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate before the cladding:
With reference to shown in Figure 2, rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4 employed materials are 45 steel or 40Cr steel, and external diameter is 10-100mm, has three prefabricated helical lands, and helical land end face width is 1-10mm; Adopt existing numerical control rotating platform 1, and be fixed on rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4 on the scroll chuck 2 of numerical control rotating platform 1 by sleeve 3 in the usual way;
(2), the installation of laser melting coating system and powder feed system before the cladding:
With reference to shown in Figure 1, to have laser head 7 now is fixed on the mechanical hand 6 by general mode and makes it perpendicular to the numerical control rotating platform horizontal plane, moving of mechanical hand 6 control laser heads 7, make the center of its laser beam that sends 5 vertical irradiations, form hot spot 13 at the top of a helical land of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4;
With reference to shown in Figure 1, to have feeding head 9 now, powder feeding pipe 10, powder feeder 11 connects in the usual way successively, form powder feed system, and feeding head 9 is fixed on the laser head 7 by general mode by three-dimensional regulation support 8, laser head 7 is under the control of mechanical hand 6, move by the axis of three-dimensional regulation support 8 drive feeding heads 9 along rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4, metal dust in the powder feeder 11 enters feeding head 9 by powder feeding pipe 10, regulating three-dimensional regulation support 8 makes the axis of the metal powder later and decadent stage of a school of thought of feeding head 9 ejections become miter angle with the tangent line of hot spot 13 central spot of the helical land of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4 and on same vertical plane, the metal dust of ejection just in time be dropped in the hot spot 13;
(3), the length velocity relation of numerical control rotating platform 1 and mechanical hand 6 is regulated before the cladding:
For making the laser beam 5 and the movement locus of the contact point of a helical land of base steel base substrate 4 are spatially spiral lines that fit like a glove with this helical land, and the proportionate relationship between the angular velocity omega of adjusting numerical control rotating platform 1 and the movement speed v of mechanical hand 6 is:
Wherein θ is the lead angle of base steel base substrate 4 helical lands, and r is the radius of base steel base substrate 4; So just can guarantee that laser head 7 is under the drive of mechanical hand 6, in the process that moves along rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4 axis, the laser beam 5 that sends can be radiated at the center at the top of a helical land of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4 all the time, form hot spot 13, the metal dust of feeding head 9 ejections also can drop in the hot spot 13 all the time;
(4), finish above-mentioned steps after, can begin to carry out laser melting coating:
At first, rotate rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4, make hot spot 13 drop on the center at top of a helical land of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4; Open powder feeder 11 powder feedings the startup simultaneously laser head 7 and launch the laser beam of power at 700～1500W, wherein the powder feeding of feeding head 9 action is carried out synchronously by the action of digital control system and mechanical hand and laser head 7 emission laser beams 5; Simultaneously, start numerical control rotating platform 1 and mechanical hand 6 synchronously by digital control system, begin a helical land of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4 is carried out laser cladding process, accurately send in the hot spot 13 of the helical land end face for the treatment of cladding from the metal dust of feeding head 9 ejection, and under the effect of laser beam 5 continuously cladding on base steel base substrate 4 helical land end faces;
(5), adopt above-mentioned steps to repeat the cladding of several helical lands in addition;
(6), cladding finishes, and makes rod milling cutter semi-finished product, as shown in Figure 6, the half-finished helical land of technology reconditioning rod milling cutter routinely, and revise and become finished product rod milling cutter, as shown in Figure 7.
Rod milling cutter laser cladding method of the present invention can also can carry out under the low-temperature prewarming condition in the without preheating condition, and the metal dust flow that sprays from feeding head 9 is 0.117 * 10
-3～0.33 * 10
-3(7～20g/min), the throughput that enters protection gas inlet 12 is 0.67 * 10 to kg/s
-40.25 * 10
-3m
3/ s (4～15L/min); The laser beam power that laser head 7 is launched is 700～1500W, and the rotational angular velocity of numerical control rotating platform 1 is 0.209～1.047rad/s (720 °～3600 °/minute).
The rod milling cutter that uses this patent to make, performance meets the GB/T12204.3-90 national standard.
Description of drawings
The laser cladding schematic diagram of Fig. 1 rod milling cutter of the present invention
Among the figure: 4, rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 5, laser beam 7, laser head 8, three-dimensional regulation support 9, feeding head 10, powder feeding pipe 11, powder feeder 12, protection gas inlet 13, hot spot;
The numerical control rotating platform device schematic diagram that Fig. 2 the present invention adopts
Among the figure: 1, numerical control rotating platform 2, scroll chuck 3, sleeve 4, rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 5, laser beam 6, mechanical hand;
The numerical control rotating platform control graph of a relation that Fig. 3 the present invention adopts;
The rod milling cutter laser melting coating position schematic diagram of Fig. 4 (a) embodiment of the invention;
(b) the cladding position of the embodiment of the invention and cladding layer enlarged diagram;
Fig. 5 has common rod milling cutter reference view now;
Rod milling cutter semi-finished product reference view behind Fig. 6 laser melting coating of the present invention;
Rod milling cutter finished product reference view behind Fig. 7 laser melting coating of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Manufacturing technology makes rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4 at first routinely, according to laser cladding method step (1)～(6) of rod milling cutter of the present invention in the aforementioned summary of the invention rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4 is implemented laser melting coating then;
The rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4 employed materials of present embodiment are 45 steel or 40Cr steel, and diameter is 19mm, has three prefabricated helical lands, and helical land end face width is 1.5mm; The location of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate 4 and sleeve 3 is to realize by the conical surface with identical tapering;
The laser head 7 of present embodiment adopts 2.5kW YAG solid state lasers, adopts individual layer single track melting and coating process, uses the focus lamp of diameter 200mm, and defocusing amount is+10～+ 40mm, the power of launching laser beam is 700～1500W;
The numerical control rotating platform 1 of the embodiment of the invention is used AC servo machinery driving, and rated power 750W, numerical control unit use KND100 type control system, and the angular speed of numerical control rotating platform 1 is arranged on 0.209rad/s (720 °/minute), and indexing accuracy is 30 ";
The feeding head 9 that present embodiment adopts, what use is the applicant's the product of granted patent, application number: 98207175.2, this feeding head has good autohemagglutination beam function to metal dust, makes from the metal powder later and decadent stage of a school of thought of feeding head ejection to have good deflection, directive property and stability.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of laser cladding method of rod milling cutter, it is characterized in that: having on the common rod milling cutter base steel base substrate of helical land with laser melting coating one deck hard metal material, formation has the rod milling cutter of hard metal helical layer land, said method comprising the steps of:
(1), the installation of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate before the cladding:
Adopt existing numerical control rotating platform (1), mechanical connection manner is fixed on rod milling cutter base steel base substrate (4) on the scroll chuck (2) of numerical control rotating platform (1) by sleeve (3) routinely;
(2), the installation of laser melting coating system and powder feed system before the cladding:
Existing laser head (7), mechanical hand (6) are formed the laser melting coating system, wherein laser head (7) is installed on the mechanical hand (6) and perpendicular to the numerical control rotating platform horizontal plane by general mode, moving of mechanical hand (6) control laser head (7), make the centre of its laser beam that sends (5) vertical irradiation, form hot spot (13) at the top of a helical land of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate (4);
To have feeding head (9) now, three-dimensional regulation support (8), powder feeding pipe (10) and powder feeder (11) are formed powder feed system, wherein feeding head (9) is fixed on the laser head (7) in the usual way by three-dimensional regulation support (8), laser head (7) is under the control of mechanical hand (6), move by the axis direction of three-dimensional regulation support (8) drive feeding head (9) along rod milling cutter base steel base substrate (4), metal dust in the powder feeder (11) enters feeding head (9) by powder feeding pipe (10), adjust three-dimensional regulation support (8), make from the axis of the metal powder later and decadent stage of a school of thought of feeding head (9) ejection to become miter angle with the tangent line of hot spot (13) central spot of the helical land of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate (4) and on same vertical plane, the metal dust of ejection is just in time dropped in the hot spot (13);
(3), the length velocity relation of numerical control rotating platform (1) and mechanical hand (6) is regulated before the cladding:
For making the light beam (5) and the movement locus of the contact point of a helical land of base steel base substrate (4) is a spatially spiral line that fits like a glove with this helical land, and the proportionate relationship between the angular velocity omega of adjusting numerical control rotating platform (1) and the translational speed ν of mechanical hand (6) is:
Wherein θ is the lead angle of base steel base substrate (4) helical land, and r is the radius of base steel base substrate (4);
(4), finish above-mentioned steps after, can begin to carry out laser melting coating:
At first, rotate rod milling cutter base steel base substrate (4), make hot spot (13) drop on the center at top of a helical land of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate (4), open powder feeder (11) the powder feeding startup simultaneously laser head (7) then and launch the laser beam of power at 700～1500W, the powder feeding action of feeding head (9) is carried out synchronously by the action of digital control system and mechanical hand system and laser head (7) emission laser beam; Simultaneously, start numerical control rotating platform (1) and mechanical hand (6) synchronously, begin a helical land of rod milling cutter base steel base substrate (4) is carried out laser melting coating, accurately send in the hot spot (13) of the helical land end face for the treatment of cladding from the metal dust of feeding head (9) ejection, and in continuous cladding under the effect of laser beam (5) on base steel base substrate (4) helical land end face;
(5), adopt above-mentioned steps to repeat the cladding of several helical lands in addition;
(6), cladding finishes, and makes rod milling cutter semi-finished product, the half-finished helical land of technology grinding rod milling cutter routinely, and revise and become finished product rod milling cutter.
2, rod milling cutter laser cladding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it can also can carry out under the low-temperature prewarming condition in the without preheating condition, the employed material of described rod milling cutter base steel base substrate (4) is 45 steel or 40Cr steel, external diameter is 10～100mm, have three prefabricated helical lands, helical land end face width is 1～10mm.
3, rod milling cutter laser cladding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the metal dust flow of feeding head (9) ejection is 0.117 * 10
-3～0.33 * 10
-3Kg/s, the throughput that enters protection gas inlet (12) is 0.67 * 10
-4～0.25 * 10
-3m
3/ s, the laser beam power that laser head (7) is launched is 700～1500W, the rotational angular velocity of numerical control rotating platform (1) is 0.209～1.047rad/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310121481 CN1260041C (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2003-12-18 | Laser cladding method for stick milling cutter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310121481 CN1260041C (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2003-12-18 | Laser cladding method for stick milling cutter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1546272A CN1546272A (en) | 2004-11-17 |
| CN1260041C true CN1260041C (en) | 2006-06-21 |
Family
ID=34338462
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310121481 Expired - Fee Related CN1260041C (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2003-12-18 | Laser cladding method for stick milling cutter |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1260041C (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101468393B (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2011-06-01 | 沈阳航空工业学院 | Metal powder feed apparatus of metal powder laser forming system |
| AU2009249136A1 (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-11-26 | Charles Klangos | System and method for weld removal, cutting, and gouging with vacuum removal of byproducts |
| CN102021561B (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2012-07-11 | 沈阳大陆激光技术有限公司 | Laser top-surface cladding method |
| JP2012006135A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2012-01-12 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | End mill and manufacturing method therefor |
| JP5146493B2 (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2013-02-20 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | End mill and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103381524A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2013-11-06 | 北京瑞派泰马激光科技有限公司 | Disc cutter laser repair process |
| CN102912341A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-06 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method for repairing high-speed steel cutter by means of laser cladding |
| CN103184450B (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2015-07-08 | 上海交通大学 | Laser cladding method for cone-shaped part surface |
| CN103320786A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Cutter reparation and manufacturing method |
| CN106466759B (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2019-01-22 | 上海交通大学 | Utilize the modified method and device in the modified surface of laser overlaying welding device to hole inner wall surface |
| CN106835125B (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2019-06-14 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of adjustable laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle of connecting rod lever-type structure powder convergent point |
| CN110777375A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-02-11 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | Laser cladding welding device and process for aluminum alloy wheel mold |
| CN115572971B (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2024-04-26 | 吉林农业大学 | Laser cladding equipment for reinforcing rotary blade edge |
-
2003
- 2003-12-18 CN CN 200310121481 patent/CN1260041C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1546272A (en) | 2004-11-17 |
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Granted publication date: 20060621 Termination date: 20100118 |