CN1259825C - Method for promoting parasitic rate of telenomus B.madarina in output egg of punctatus - Google Patents
Method for promoting parasitic rate of telenomus B.madarina in output egg of punctatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1259825C CN1259825C CN 200310109441 CN200310109441A CN1259825C CN 1259825 C CN1259825 C CN 1259825C CN 200310109441 CN200310109441 CN 200310109441 CN 200310109441 A CN200310109441 A CN 200310109441A CN 1259825 C CN1259825 C CN 1259825C
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- telenomus theophilae
- dendrolimus punctatus
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for improving the parasitic rate of telenomus theophilae which is parasitic to output eggs of dendrolimus punctatus. The method utilizes telenomus theophilae which have no host before to parasitize the output eggs of dendrolimus punctatus processed by the identification kairomone of the telenomus theophilae, so that the parasitic rate of the telenomus theophilae on the output eggs of dendrolimus punctatus is raised largely, and the maximum can be 2.5 times of the original parasitic rate. The parasitize rate is raised, and simultaneously, the whole development process can be completed in the output eggs of the dendrolimus punctatus until telenomus theophilae is hatched out from the output eggs of the dendrolimus punctatus. The output eggs of the dendrolimus punctatus can also carry out generation reproduction after hatching the telenomus theophilae. The method of the present invention can dig out the parasitical potential of the telenomus theophilae develop another natural enemy of the dendrolimus punctatus, raise the control effect on the dendrolimus punctatus, achieve the long-term protection of the masson pine forest and create a new way for further successfully controlling the harm of the dendrolimus punctatus to masson pine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to improve the method for the parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae ovum parasitic rate.
Background technology
Hymenopteran is just being brought into play irreplaceable important function aspect the biological control of agricultural important pests.By calendar year 2001, the situation that whole world introduction natural enemy is successfully controlled agriculture and forestry injurious insect is: aphid Chalcididae 90 examples, and Aphidiidae 53 examples, Ji's Chalcididae 23 examples, Ichneumonidae 22 examples, Pteromalidae 17 examples, Thysanidae 9 examples, other sections are totally 15 examples.More than the examples of many successful of all biological controls all be to be based upon these parasitic wasps parasitic its specific host of natural world.This is to set up in the organic evolution process.
The insect kairomone is meant by a kind of insect secretion and is discharged into the external chemical substance that causes the individual generation of xenogenesis insect behavior reaction, and behavior reaction pair recipient is favourable.Kairomone mainly plays important function such as the host locatees, the host discerns and stimulation is laid eggs in the parasitizing behavior of parasitic wasp, insect predator is mainly play a part to quarter a prey.This is the why reason of parasitic its natural host of parasitic wasp.Make full use of this key factor, will help to set up brand-new parasitic wasp of a cover and the relation between the host, parasitic mode breaks traditions.
Wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae (Telenomus theophila Wu et Chen) belongs to Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera) edge abdomen Proctotrupidae (Scelionidae), it is the advantage insect parasite of wild silkworm ovum phase, have that search capability is strong, the host is single-minded, the egg laying amount advantages of higher, solve prolific technical barrier indoor at present, can accomplish the annual breeding that continues.Gao Qikang etc. discover, the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae is to dissecting the receptance (the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae shows and detects and pierce behavior) from the ovum of silkworm oviductus lateralis, much smaller than the receptance to the female moth nature of wild silkworm or silkworm output ovum, there is the material that can be discerned by the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae in the surface that shows nature output ovum.Discover that further this material derives from the property accessory gland of wild silkworm or the female moth of silkworm, name and be wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone.Measuring the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae shows the difformity and the order of reaction that scribbles the tin ball (artificial ovum) of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone, the tin ball (artificial ovum) that scribbles wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone can induce the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae that it is produced parasitizing behavior consumingly, this result is the necessary condition that provides of expansion wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host range for the invention provides material base.
Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) belongs to Pinaceae Pinus Chinese pine sends (group), and full tree all can utilize, and economic benefit is higher, and is strong to climate adaptability, low to the soil requirement, and growth is the good seeds of afforestation rapidly.Be distributed widely in the Qinling Mountains, on the south the Huaihe River, 17 province autonomous regions to the east of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, municipality directly under the Central Government, about 2,000,000 KM of area
2, occupy national softwood forest first place, accumulate the 4th in the whole nation, residence.
Dendrolimus punctatus Denduolimus punctatus (Walker) belongs to Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera) Lasiocampidae (Lasiocampidae) Dendrolimus (Dendrolimus), and the main harm masson pine also can endanger wet-land pine tree, torch pine etc.In China injurious forest-insect, the hazard area maximum of dendrolimus punctatus, often wildness is caused disaster.And, behind the human body contact pine caterpillars poison hair, easily cause dermatitis and painful swelling of joints, both influenced production of forestry, jeopardize health of human body again.This worm mainly is distributed in ground such as East China, Central China, southwest, south China, and 15 provinces and regions are striden in north and south.In 2-4 generation, took place in 1 year, and the how much different with different regions of generation taken place.After pine tree was killed, the lighter caused volume of timber loss, the rosin underproduction, and seed production reduces; Weight person's needle is eaten up, and shape causes pine tree withered as burning, and causes the big generations of trunk borer such as Monochamus alternatus, loose white star weevil, pine bark beetle, so that the death of pine forest large tracts of land.Pine caterpillars tool poison hair simultaneously, human body contact cause easily that skin is itched, dermatitis, painful swelling of joints, and disease such as can disable when serious influences people's health.To early sixties, it is less that area takes place as Guangdong Province's the fifties; From beginning in 1964, area takes place constantly to be enlarged, the extent of injury is on the rise; According to statistics, from 1964 to 1991, the area of dendrolimus punctatus generation every year on average reached more than 3,000,000 mu, and the most serious is 1988 and 1991, and 8,800,000 mu of areas wherein took place in 1988; Area took place in 1991 1825 ten thousand mu times, actual 9,980,000 mu of the areas that take place, press the needle percent of loss more than 50%, area is about 5,000,000 mu, 0.1 cubic metre of meter of every mu of loss timber, loss timber 50 ten thousand steres in 1991, nearly 1.5 hundred million yuan of economic loss is by producing about 1,500,000 mu of fat area in the disaster area, 30 kilograms of meters of every mu of loss rosin, loss rosin was 4.5 ten thousand tons in 1991,5,000,000 yuan of economic losses; According to statistics in 1991, about 1,212 ten thousand mu times of control pine caterpillars area dropped into about 2,000 ten thousand yuan of control funds.Guangdong Province caused direct economic loss more than 200,000,000 yuan in 1991 because of the pine caterpillars disaster thus.
Dendrolimus punctatus has 1. parasitic wasp at natural parasite: main kind has telenomus dendrolimusi, poison moth Telenomus theophilae, trichogramma dendrolimi, anastatus japonicus, and these chalcid flies colonize in the pine tag worm's ovum.The dichromatism ichneumon wasp, thigh honeybee, reddish tone braconid, Japanese knurl ichneumon wasp, black chest ichneumon wasp, flower chest ichneumon wasp main parasitic larva and pupa; According to investigations, the dendrolimus punctatus parasitic wasp is 45 kinds.2. parasitic fly: main kind has the narrow cheek of pine caterpillars to post fly, silkworm decorations abdomen post fly, full skirt chase after post fly, silkworm chases after Ji fly etc.Main parasitic mature larva and pupa.The quantity growth and decline of dendrolimus punctatus and the relation of natural enemy are very close.Above-mentioned parasite will utilize and be applied to biological control, must solve a large amount of breedings of parasite and how improve the problem of parasite parasitic rate, and this is the maximum bottleneck that insect parasite is applied to biological control.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that improves the parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae ovum parasitic rate, using the inventive method can increase the insect parasite of dendrolimus punctatus, expand the parasitic host range of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae, raising provides strong technical support to the control ability of dendrolimus punctatus for further setting up the new biological control approach of dendrolimus punctatus.
The method of the parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output of raising wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae of the present invention ovum parasitic rate may further comprise the steps:
1) gathers the wild silkworm ovum from the Ramulus Mori bar, put in the incubator and cultivate, obtain the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae;
2) reservoir of dissection Bombyx mandarina or the female moth property accessory gland of silkworm, separated and collected wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone from the secretion of reservoir;
3) the output ovum of the female moth of collection dendrolimus punctatus is coated wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone on dendrolimus punctatus output ovum surface, dries;
4) use through mating and do not have the dendrolimus punctatus output ovum of the parasitic host's of mistake the parasitic step 3) of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae queen bee, put into the incubator cultivation, sprouting wings in dendrolimus punctatus output ovum the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae.
The wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae morphological feature of indication of the present invention meets Wu Yan in 1980 as waiting in animal classification journal the 5th volume described feature of the 1st phase the 79th to 83.
The dendrolimus punctatus of indication of the present invention belongs to Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Dendrolimus, the feature of adult form: body colour has greyish white, brown, dark brown, the yellowish-brown isochrome of ash.Female moth body colour is more shallow than male moth.Male moth: the long 20-28mm of body, wing expanse 36-39mm, feeler pinniform, body is general dark brown to pitchy, fore wing horizontal line color depth, obviously, middle chamber hickie is remarkable, the inboard brown of inferior outer rim blackspot, belly is carefully cut, terminal point.Female moth: the long 18-29mm of body, wing expanse 42-57mm, the short comb shape of feeler.Body, wing close by the taupe scale, to be in taupe, the fore wing chamber hickie not obvious, 5 dark horizontal lines of fore wing tool, outer horizontal line slightly is wavy line, 8-9 pitchy of inferior outer marginal spot row, the inboard serves as a contrast with light brown color spot, belly is sturdy, end is round.
The feature that the present invention can improve the parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae ovum parasitic rate is a parasitism when scribbling the dendrolimus punctatus output ovum of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone, and used wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae queen bee must cross and not have the parasitic host of mistake with the natural mating of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae drone.
Improving used its quantity of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae queen bee of the parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output ovum parasitic rate of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae among the present invention does not limit.Usually, for obtaining more wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae, step 1) can be obtained the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae and further breed with silkworm egg indoor.The output ovum of promptly gathering the female moth of silkworm is put into the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae container that contains the step 1) acquisition as the stock host egg of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae with silkworm egg, for wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae parasitism, and breeding wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae.
The present invention improves 25 ± 1 ℃ of the cultivation optimum temperatures of the biochemical incubator of the parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae ovum parasitic rate, and relative moisture is 75 ± 10%.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. adopt the method for this invention, can make under the natural conditions can not parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output ovum the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae improve its parasitic efficient can be parasitic the time, its great potential is arranged in actual applications.In case the present invention is applied to Control Dendrolimus punctatus; since the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae can be under experiment condition prolific advantage; can solve because of parasitic wasp and can't breed the difficult problem that can't use that causes in a large number; can improve control ability to dendrolimus punctatus; significantly reduce the usage amount of chemical pesticide and other microorganisms; the sustainable balanced growth of conservation of nature environment, the generation of Pest Control effectively, its economic and social benefit all will be huge.
2. the parasitic rate of the parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae ovum can be brought up to original 2.5 times, improve the ability that wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae control dendrolimus punctatus is taken place.
3. has higher scientific research value.This invention has been broken the corresponding relation between parasitic wasp and host under the natural conditions, can parasitized host originally can not parasitic non-host being transformed into, enlarged the parasitic scope of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae, and started new method and the new way of biological control of insect pests.
Embodiment
Embodiment
1) preparation of silkworm egg
To go out 3-5 hour female in back and malely become moth through mating from the mulberry silkworm chrysalis plumage, divide right and left in mating time 2-5 hour, and be placed on the exasperate of a brown paper and cover a newspaper lucifuge, and treat basic producing when expiring ovum, replacing brown paper allows these moths continue to lay eggs.After simultaneously the ovum card of output being cut out separately, put into-20 ℃ of refrigerators preservations immediately, the host egg of using as the numerous honeybee of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae.
2) the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae is gathered
On the Ramulus Mori bar of winter in the mulberry field that has Bombyx mandarina to take place, gather the wild silkworm ovum.The Bombyx mandarina ovum of gathering is contained in the parasitic wasp receiving flask.One end (big opening end) seals with 3 layers of husky cloth, and the other end (osculum end) connects a clean teat glass and towards area without shade, room temperature is placed.After treating that wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae plumage goes out, every day is changing-over honeybee test tube more, will change invisible spectro wild silkworm larva and draw with writing brush, and again with the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae of each pipe and together, the honeybee number that makes every pipe is about 50～100.Get a fritter cotton, be stained with 20% honey dilution after, be attached to carefully and connect on the honeybee tube wall, go out the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae for new plumage and get food, then with the test tube mouth is sealed with four layers of gauze and every day, honey was stained with in replacing cotton.
3) the further breeding of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae
The wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae is sprouted wings morning of second day, with above-mentioned steps 1) silkworm egg put into the teat glass that contains the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae, for wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae parasitism.That afternoon, take out the parasitic silkworm egg card (carefully not allowing the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae run out of test tube) in each pipe, then these ovum cards are put into clean teat glass, and on tube wall a sticking fritter with water-moistened cotton (being advisable) with crowded not water outlet.Seal with four layers of gauze again, and take down notes " wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae " and algebraical sum date on the same day thereof on remembering on the tube wall with mark.Notice that every Guan Yu goes out the parasitic number of times of honeybee and is advisable with 3 times.The egg parasitoid of respectively managing that performs mark is placed in the biochemical incubator.The condition of incubator is: temperature is 25 ± 1 ℃, and relative moisture is illumination in 75 ± 10%, 14 hours, 10 hours dark, intensity of illumination 800Lux.The humidity that keeps cotton in each pipe every day, and the change color situation of observing egg parasitoid, the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae that in time will just sprout wings is transferred in the clean teat glass to avoid the silkworm egg in the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae phost line.The parasitic wasp of using as the present invention.
4) extraction of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone and preservation
Get the female moth of silkworm of firm emergence, on the ice platform, dissect, obtaining property accessory gland, with scissors the property accessory gland is cut off from reservoir and secretory portion intersection, then, clamping reservoir with tweezers closely secretes end on the other hand, be suspended on the 1.5mL centrifuge tube, another hand is cut off the Hui Hechu of the nearly median oviduct of reservoir with scissors, makes the accessory gland secretion in the reservoir flow in the centrifuge tube naturally, in the accessory gland secretion of collecting, add equal-volume sterilization deionized water, behind the mixing 8000 rev/mins centrifugal 5 minutes, collect supernatant, be divided in the centrifuge tube, every pipe 0.25mL preserves or is directly used in 7 in-70 ℃).
5) dendrolimus punctatus output ovum is gathered
At dendrolimus punctatus generating region collection dendrolimus punctatus cocoon alive, cut out the horse hair pine caterpillar with cutter, plumage from cocoon is gone out female and male after 3-5 hour become moth mating one to one, mating time 2-5 hour, after mating finishes, female moth is placed on the exasperate of a brown paper and covers a newspaper lucifuge, treat basic when producing completely ovum, change brown paper, allow these moths continue to lay eggs.After simultaneously the ovum card of output being cut out separately, put into-20 ℃ of refrigerators immediately and preserve, as the used dendrolimus punctatus output ovum of this method.
6) the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone of dendrolimus punctatus output ovum is handled
Get above-mentioned steps 4) silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone, with 4 times of sterilization deionized water dilutions.With above-mentioned steps 5) the dendrolimus punctatus output ovum that obtains puts into wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone solution, with tweezers one by one from wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone solution tweezer go out dendrolimus punctatus output ovum put with clean brown paper on, dry in the room temperature and make the dendrolimus punctatus output ovum card of handling through wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone.
7) dendrolimus punctatus output ovum breeding wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae
With above-mentioned steps 3) in the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae introduce in the clean teat glass, again with above-mentioned steps 6) ready dendrolimus punctatus output ovum card put into wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae teat glass, for wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae parasitism, seal with four layers of gauze.Take out this egg parasitoid card after parasitic 4 hours, put into biochemical incubator.The optimum condition of incubator is: temperature is 25 ± 1 ℃, and relative moisture is illumination in 75 ± 10%, 14 hours, 10 hours dark, intensity of illumination 800Lux.The humidity that keeps cotton in each pipe every day, and the change color situation of observing egg parasitoid, sprouting wings in dendrolimus punctatus output ovum wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae of new generation.
Claims (3)
1. method that improves the parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae ovum parasitic rate may further comprise the steps:
1) gathers the wild silkworm ovum from the Ramulus Mori bar, put in the incubator and cultivate, obtain the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae;
2) reservoir of dissection Bombyx mandarina or the female moth property accessory gland of silkworm, separated and collected wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone from the secretion of reservoir;
3) the output ovum of the female moth of collection dendrolimus punctatus is coated wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae host-recognition kairomone on dendrolimus punctatus output ovum surface, dries;
4) use through mating and do not have the dendrolimus punctatus output ovum of the parasitic host's of mistake the parasitic step 3) of wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae queen bee, put into the incubator cultivation, sprouting wings in dendrolimus punctatus output ovum the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae.
2. the method for the parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output of raising wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae according to claim 1 ovum parasitic rate is characterized in that step 1) is obtained the wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae breeds in indoor silkworm egg.
3. the method for the parasitic dendrolimus punctatus output of raising according to claim 1 wild silkworm Telenomus theophilae ovum parasitic rate is characterized in that step 1) and 4) temperature of cultivating in the said incubator is 25 ± 1 ℃, relative moisture is 75 ± 10%.
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| CN 200310109441 CN1259825C (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2003-12-10 | Method for promoting parasitic rate of telenomus B.madarina in output egg of punctatus |
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| CN1259825C true CN1259825C (en) | 2006-06-21 |
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