CN1259328C - Isopamicin and its salt and their prepn - Google Patents
Isopamicin and its salt and their prepn Download PDFInfo
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- CN1259328C CN1259328C CN 03128587 CN03128587A CN1259328C CN 1259328 C CN1259328 C CN 1259328C CN 03128587 CN03128587 CN 03128587 CN 03128587 A CN03128587 A CN 03128587A CN 1259328 C CN1259328 C CN 1259328C
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- isepamicin
- phthalic anhydride
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing an isepamicine compound in formula (I) and salt thereof, which comprises: protecting the silane group of a compound in formula (II) to obtain a compound in formula (III); condensing the compound in formula (III) into a compound in formula (VII) to obtain a compound in formula (VIII) by a condensing agent; processing the compound in formula (VIII) under an alkaline condition through reaction to obtain the compound in formula (I) and the salt thereof, wherein protecting a compound in formula (IV) by phthalic anhydride to obtain a compound in formula (V), and then processing the compound in formula (V) and a compound in formula (VI) through esterification to obtain the compound in formula (VII). The formulas are disclosed in the specification. The method of the present invention for preparing the isepamicine compound has the advantages of convenience, high output rate and high possibility of industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic chemistry filed, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of novel method for preparing isepamicin and salt thereof.
Background technology
Isepamicin (Isepamicin) belongs to the aminoglycosides antibiotics medicine, discloses this compound and preparation method thereof and its main application among the U.S. Pat 5442047A: be used for (the comprising the gentamicin resistance) escherichia coli, citrobacter genus, klebsiella spp, enterobacter, Serratia to its sensitivity, the following infectious diseases that morganella morganii belongs to and pseudomonas aeruginosa causes: septicemia; The secondary infection that causes because of wound, scald, operation etc.; Chronic bronchitis the companion infect, bronchiectasis (during infection), bacterial pneumonia; Pyelonephritis, urocystitis; Peritonitis etc.The main preparation methods of this patent is as follows:
A: the 2-formyl mercaptobenzothiazole for preparing formula (X) by the 2-mercaptobenzothiazole of formula (IX):
This reaction is prepared into first and second acid anhydrides with formic acid and acetic anhydride, be added in the acetonitrile solution, add sodium formiate again, low temperature drips acetyl chloride down, then 18 ℃～20 ℃ reactions, uses H-NMR control reaction, add 2-mercaptobenzothiazole then, by HPLC control reaction process, the frozen water termination reaction is used in the back that reacts completely, filter 2-formyl mercaptobenzothiazole (X);
B: prepare 3,6 '-two N-formyl radical gentamicinBs (XI) by gentamicinB (II):
This reaction is done solvent with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), gentamicinB (II) and trimethylacetic acid zinc are reacted under certain condition, behind the chelating salify, again with 2-formyl mercaptobenzothiazole (X) reaction, by the process of thin-layer chromatography control reactant 3,6 '-two N-formyl radical gentamicinBs, reaction solution water and dichloromethane extraction, water gets intermediate through the D110 resin isolation, 3,6 '-two N-formyl radical gentamicinBs (XI);
C: replace phthalic anhydride-(S)-isoserine (PHPA) (V) by (S)-isoserine (IV) preparation N-:
This reaction is with toluene, N, dinethylformamide is solvent, with phthalic anhydride, isoserine is back to dehydration fully, and solvent is removed in decompression then, dissolves with frozen water under low temperature, and transfer pH=2 with 2N hydrochloric acid, separate out product, filter then and, obtain N-and replace phthalic anhydride-(S)-isoserine the gains drying;
D: by compound (XI) and (V) preparation isepamicin:
This reaction is 3; adding N-replacement phthalic anhydride in the methanol solution of 6 '-diformyl gentamicinB-(S)-isoserine; at room temperature add the 1-hydroxy benzo triazole; N; the N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; control reaction process to complete reaction with thin-layer chromatography; removal of solvent under reduced pressure then; transfer pH=9 with water dissolution and with 1N NaOH again, reaction is 16 hours under the room temperature, with high performance liquid phase control reaction; back acid accent pH=6 reacts completely; cross the filtering insolubles, get the isepamicin aqueous solution, get target product isepamicin (I) through the HD-2 resin isolation then.
The inventor finds that by this patent synthetic method of research there is following defective in this patent:
A. in the reaction of preparation 2-formyl mercaptobenzothiazole (X), with formic acid, diacetyl oxide is a reagent, very dangerous in operation, and the monitoring of reaction needed nuclear-magnetism, industrialization realizes being difficult for, and the character instability of 2-formyl mercaptobenzothiazole is decomposed easily, is unfavorable for depositing;
B. in preparation 3, in the reaction of 6 '-diformyl gentamicinB (XI) side reaction taking place especially easily, generates 1,3,6 '-three N-formyl radical gentamicinBs, its R in thin-layer chromatography
fValue and 3, the R of 6 '-diformyl gentamicinB
fBe worth very approachingly, cause comparatively difficulty of thin-layer chromatography control reaction,, cause the total yield of products reduction, and the chelating reagent price in this step is more expensive, has increased production cost because this step reaction is that solvent must pass through the D110 resin isolation with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO);
C. in this patent the preparation isepamicin reaction the time, have impurity and target compound similar in the final reaction result, cause separation difficulty, influenced overall yield of reaction.
In order to overcome above defective, according to the structure of gentamicinB (II), and the synthesis technique of reference Amikacin Sulphate, the inventor proposes a kind of simple and feasible, easily the novel method of the preparation isepamicin of industrialization.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel method for preparing isepamicin and salt thereof.
The inventor thinks: isepamicin can be simulated the Amikacin Sulphate synthesis technique, at C
1-NH
2Connect (S)-isoserine.And gentamicinB (II) is compared with the kantlex structure, has identical sugared ring structure, therefore can adopt similar synthetic route.
According to the structure of gentamicinB (II), the active order of its three amido acylation reactions of 1,3,6 ' is: C
6 '-NH
2＞＞C
1-NH
2＞C
3-NH
2According to the aminoacylation activity difference, in order to reach sealing C
3With C
6 'Last amino purpose, we use for reference the synthesis technique of Amikacin Sulphate, adopt TMS that amino is protected.Infer C according to structure
6 '-NH
2And C
4 '-OH is more approaching, and silanization rear space steric hindrance is very big, and the shielding effect that can be encircled, silylation protection back C
6 '-NH
2Active reduction of acidylate, work as C
2 ∥-OH forms than the large space obstacle behind high silanization, has stoped C
1-NH
2Silanization.C
1-NH
2With C
3-NH
2Compare, be difficult for silanization most, the also the easiest silylation that loses, and acylation reaction is pressed SN
2Reaction mechanism carries out, and its speed of response depends primarily on sterically hindered.Therefore, the active order of the acylation reaction of three amidos behind gentamicinB (II) silanization is changed into C
1-NH
2＞C
3-NH
2＞C
6 '-NH
2, for this reason, we select suitable side chain active ester, and C is arranged competitively
1-NH
2Carry out acidylate, reach the purpose of synthetic isepamicin.
According to above argumentation, we adopt hexamethyldisilazane is silylating reagent.Use catalyzer simultaneously; gentamicinB is advanced the silanization protection; specifically examined or check different catalysts: as trimethylchlorosilane, vitriolic catalytic effect; explored the influence of reaction times to silanization simultaneously, we propose optimum reaction condition at last: with the trimethylchlorosilane is catalyzer, in acetonitrile solvent; with hexamethyldisilazane is silylating reagent; reaction times is 2-4 hour, preferred about 2.5 hours, is optimum reaction condition.Simultaneously; we are at the preparation technology of active ester group; groped N-maloyl imines+N, N-dicyclohexyl imines is with N-hydroxyphthalimide+N; N-dicyclohexyl imines; as the influence degree of active ester reagent, determine that finally the latter has stronger activity relatively, and it is consistent with the amino protecting group of isoserine respectively to reaction; be convenient to slough protection, comparatively favourable to final product purity.
In addition, because TMS has stronger power supply, have superperformance as a kind of protecting group, it is easy to the last hydroxyl of gentamicin-B and amino combines, but under acidic conditions, trimethyl silicon based susceptibility to acid makes it be easy to slough protection.Therefore be under 2 the strong acid aqueous solution when environment is in pH; TMS is more fully sloughed; but,, then adopt under alkaline condition and slough protecting group because the amino phthalic diamide that forms with Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride is slightly acidic for the protection of side chain amino.Thus, we have investigated the slough degree of different alkali to protecting group, found that, if adopt highly basic such as NaOH, the side chain isoserine are sloughed.Therefore, can only take under the weak base condition, that is: utilize the weakly alkaline of hydrazine hydrate, carried out hydrazinolysis in the alkaline alcohol solution of pH8～9, reach the purpose of sloughing Side chain protective group, obtain our target product thus, for this reason, we adopt route as follows:
Step 1. replaces phthalic anhydride-(S)-isoserine (PHPA) by N-and (V) prepare N-replacement phthalic anhydride-(S)-isoserine-N-and replace phthalic anhydride ester (VII) (being active ester):
Under aprotic solvent, as acetone, methylene dichloride, ethyl acetate etc., we make solvent by preferred acetone, in 30～50 ℃, N-is replaced phthalic anhydride-(S)-isoserine (PHPA) and active agent such as N-maloyl imines, and the N-hydroxyphthalimide stirs, I-hydroxybenzotriazole etc., preferred N-hydroxyphthalimide stirs stirring reaction 1 hour.Be cooled to 18～20 ℃ then, add N in batches, N-dicyclohexyl imines, stirring reaction with thin-layer chromatography control reaction, gets white pulpous state solution, and transformation efficiency 〉=95 are cooled to 0～5 ℃ then, and airtight preservation is got the step reaction ready and is used.
Step 2. is prepared into high silanization gentamicinB (III) by the gentamicinB silanization of formula (II):
Gentamicin is suspended in polar solvent, as methyl alcohol, acetonitrile and acetone etc., add silylating reagent and catalyzer, oil bath is warming up to backflow then, and temperature control is at 65～85 ℃, keep back flow reaction to clarification, transformation efficiency 〉=93 stop to reflux, and are evaporated to dried, use dissolution with solvents again, get high silanization gentamicinB (III) solution, cryopreservation is got the step reaction ready and is used then.Step 3. replaces phthalic anhydride isepamicin (VIII) by high silanization gentamicinB (III) with side chain active ester (VII) prepared in reaction N
In the dry reaction bottle, the side chain active ester solution for preparing is added drop-wise in the high silanization gentamicinB solution in batches, after low temperature reacts 2 hours down, be warming up to room temperature again, add pure water, transfer pH value of solution=2 with 6N hydrochloric acid then, stirring reaction 30 minutes filters.Filtrate decompression is removed and is desolvated, and uses anhydrous alcohol solution then, gets N-and replaces phthalic anhydride isepamicin ethanolic soln, and cryopreservation is got the step reaction ready and used.
Step 4. replaces phthalic anhydride isepamicin (VIII) prepared in reaction isepamicin (I) and salt thereof under alkaline condition by N-:
N-is replaced phthalic anhydride isepamicin ethanolic soln, transfer pH=7.5 with 7N ammoniacal liquor, add weakly alkaline reagent such as hydrazine hydrate again, 10～16 hours s of reflux, removal of solvent under reduced pressure, add the pure water dissolving then, and transfer solution to make pH=5～6 with 6N sulfuric acid, and removing by filter insolubles, filtrate is leant on separation with ion-exchange, obtain isepamicin, transfer the isepamicin aqueous solution to make its pH=6.5 get isepamicin vitriol with 6N sulfuric acid.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below by embodiment; the preparation method of the embodiment of the invention is only used for illustrating the present invention; rather than limitation of the present invention; simple modifications to invention preparation method under design prerequisite of the present invention all belongs to claimed scope of the present invention; except as otherwise noted, percentage ratio of the present invention is weight percentage.
It is PHPA that embodiment 1. replaces phthalic anhydride (S)-isoserine (V) by (S)-isoserine (IV) preparation N-
In dried and clean and be furnished with in three mouthfuls of reaction flasks of 100ml of division box, add toluene 60ml, N, N-dimethylformamide 20ml (259mmol) opens magnetic agitation, adds isoserine 4g (38mmol) then, and phthalic anhydride 5.6g (38mmol) is airtight.Be warming up to 110～115, keep the stable backflow of reaction solution, the moisture that water trap internal reaction in the return line is generated goes out simultaneously.The control reaction refluxed about 3～4 hours, stopped to reflux, with 1/4 volume of reaction solution underpressure distillation to former reaction solution, stop underpressure distillation, ice bath is cooled to 0～5 with reaction solution, adds the deionized water of 2 times of concentrated solution volumes then, under agitation adding concentration is the about 20ml of hydrochloric acid of 2N, and in 0～5 ℃, stirs 30 minutes, with reacting liquid filtering, filter cake is washed 2～3 times with frozen water, and 50～60 ℃ of reduced vacuum dryings, get the PHPA white solid,, yield is 86%, mp.227 ℃～228 ℃, [α]
d 20=+10.
Embodiment 2: replace phthalic anhydride-(S)-isoserine (PHPA) by N-and (V) prepare N-replacement phthalic anhydride-(S)-isoserine-N-and replace phthalic anhydride ester (VII) (being active ester)
In three mouthfuls of reaction flasks of dried and clean 100ml, add acetone 70ml, adding N-replacement phthalic anhydride under stirring-(S)-isoserine (PHPA) 3.7g (15.7mmol), stirred 10 minutes, add N-hydroxyphthalimide 2.2g (13.5mmol) again, be warming up to 40 stirring and dissolving 1 hour with water-bath.Be cooled to 18～20 then, divide 2～3 times and add N, N-dicyclohexyl imines 3.2g (15.5mmol), controlled temperature is lower than 22, stirring reaction 2 hours is cooled to 0～5 then, gets white pulpous state solution, transformation efficiency 〉=95, airtight preservation is got the step reaction ready and is used.
Embodiment 3. is prepared into high silanization gentamicinB (III) by gentamicinB formula (II) silanization
In the 100ml of dried and clean reaction flask, add acetonitrile 30ml, open and stir adding gentamicin 5g (8.9mmol), silazane (being hexamethyldisilazane) 15ml, trimethylchlorosilane 0.1ml (0.8mmol), oil bath is warming up to backflow, temperature control keeps back flow reaction to clarification at 65～75, and cooling stops to reflux, feed liquid is transferred in the 250ml single port bottle, be evaporated to driedly, use the 70ml acetone solution then, ice bath is cooled to 0～5, airtight preservation, transformation efficiency are 〉=93.
Embodiment 4. replaces phthalic anhydride isepamicin (VIII) by high silanization gentamicinB (III) with side chain active ester (VII) prepared in reaction N
In 250ml single port bottle, the acetone soln of the side chain active ester for preparing is added drop-wise to the gentamicinB silanization product that is dissolved in the acetone soln in batches, dripped approximately 20 minutes.In 5 left and right sides insulation reaction 2 hours, reheat was warming up to 25～30 then, added the 40ml deionized water, transferred pH value of solution to 2 with 6N hydrochloric acid then, and the adularescent solid is separated out, and stirring reaction 30 minutes filters.Filtrate adds in the 250ml single port bottle, and concentrating under reduced pressure removes and desolvates, and adds dehydrated alcohol 70ml again, stirring and dissolving, and solution is directly used in the next step.
Embodiment 5. preparation isepamicin and salt thereof
In 250ml single port bottle, the hydrolytic condensation product that dissolve with ethanol is good is transferred pH=7.5 with 7N ammoniacal liquor, add hydrazine hydrate 6ml (123.7mmol) again, be warming up to 80～85 ℃, keep refluxing 16 hours, concentrating under reduced pressure removes and desolvates, and adds deionized water 80ml then, the stirring and dissolving product, after treating that it dissolves fully, transfer pH value of solution 5～6, separate out a large amount of white solids with 6N sulfuric acid, vacuum filtration, filtrate be added to ion-exchange and lean on dynamically to go up sample loading mode, with the deionized water washing, the ammoniacal liquor with different concns carries out gradient elution more then. collect the component that merges more than isepamicin HPLC content 90, obtain isepamicin, transfer the isepamicin aqueous solution to make its pH=6.5 get isepamicin vitriol with 6N sulfuric acid, to isepamicin, yield is 45～48% by gentamicin.
With respect to the patent documentation method; present method is that silanization has conspicuous advantage, and at first, silanization carries out easily; and yield is very high; and the high silane thing behind the silanization is a fat-soluble cpds, can directly carry out acylation reaction under high density; avoided the use high boiling solvent; 3,6 '-two N-formyl radical gentamicinBs (XI) that overcome in the chelating method need to have improved the synthetic yield with the isolating defective of ion-exchange.In addition; we select active high acylating reagent: N-hydroxyphthalimide+N; N-dicyclohexyl imines; it has higher reaction preference and specificity; cause the yield of condensation reaction to be greatly improved, overcome the impurity that produces after the condensation reaction in the former technology and be not easy isolating defective.
Comprehensive whole technology, the reagent raw material of process using of the present invention greatly reduces, and reactions steps reduces, and easy to operation, total recovery can be improved, and cost has had bigger reduction, the commercial application that the present invention who makes is easy to.
Claims (2)
1. the method for the isepamicin compound or its salt of a preparation formula (I) comprises the steps:
A. replacing phthalic anhydride-(S)-isoserine (V) and active agent (VI) prepared in reaction by N-obtains side chain active ester N-and replaces phthalic anhydride-(S)-isoserine-N-and replace phthalic anhydride ester (VII):
B. the gentamicinB of formula (II) is carried out the silanization protection with the hexamethyldisilazane silylating reagent in the presence of the trimethylchlorosilane catalyzer and is prepared into high silanization gentamicinB (III):
C. obtain N-by high silanization gentamicinB (III) and side chain active ester (VII) prepared in reaction and replace phthalic anhydride isepamicin (VIII):
D. replace phthalic anhydride isepamicin (VIII) by N-and under the hydrazine hydrate alkaline condition, prepare isepamicin (I) or its salt:
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the reaction times of step b is 2～4 hours, temperature is 65 ℃～85 ℃.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03128587 CN1259328C (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2003-05-22 | Isopamicin and its salt and their prepn |
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| CN1259328C true CN1259328C (en) | 2006-06-14 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105254688A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-20 | 无锡福祈制药有限公司 | Preparation method of isepamicin sulfate (I) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101812011A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-08-25 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing o-phthaloyl serine |
| CN101812012A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-08-25 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing o-phthaloyl threonine |
| CN102093444A (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2011-06-15 | 江西制药有限责任公司 | Method for preparing isepamicin and salts thereof |
| CN108558803B (en) * | 2018-03-31 | 2019-12-27 | 海正药业南通有限公司 | Synthesis method of N-substituted phthalic anhydride- (S) -isoserine |
| CN110885350A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-03-17 | 山东安信制药有限公司 | Preparation method of prazolmitrin |
| CN111138506B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 浙江弘盛药业有限公司 | Preparation method of isepamicin sulfate |
| CN114456971A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-05-10 | 无锡福祈制药有限公司 | Method for preparing isepamicin sulfate from gentamicin B strain |
| CN114213472A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-22 | 无锡福祈制药有限公司 | Synthetic method of isepamicin |
-
2003
- 2003-05-22 CN CN 03128587 patent/CN1259328C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105254688A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-20 | 无锡福祈制药有限公司 | Preparation method of isepamicin sulfate (I) |
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