CN1255529A - Atomic energy generating system set with coal liquifying mechanical equipment - Google Patents

Atomic energy generating system set with coal liquifying mechanical equipment Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1255529A
CN1255529A CN99120309A CN99120309A CN1255529A CN 1255529 A CN1255529 A CN 1255529A CN 99120309 A CN99120309 A CN 99120309A CN 99120309 A CN99120309 A CN 99120309A CN 1255529 A CN1255529 A CN 1255529A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
coal
liquidation
power generation
nuclear power
thermal neutron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN99120309A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1183223C (en
Inventor
伊藤新
广野秀治
武内丰
川岛正俊
吉田宪正
佐野雄二
小长井主税
日置秀明
宫泽龙雄
角山茂章
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Publication of CN1255529A publication Critical patent/CN1255529A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1183223C publication Critical patent/CN1183223C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin

Abstract

To provide a highly safe and highly efficient coal liquefaction process utilizing a short-half-life artificial radioactive element (RI) generated by the irradiation with nuclear reactor thermal neutrons and a nuclear power system/a coal liquefaction plant combination capable of effective load leveling. The coal liquefaction process comprises a coal slurry preparation step of mixing RI generated by the irradiation with thermal neutrons and a fine coal powder 9, a solvent 10, and a catalyst 11; a decomposition/liquefaction step of heating the coal slurry; and a step of separating a liquid from the slurry containing the decomposition product. The nuclear power system/coal liquefaction plant combination comprises a nuclear power plant 1 having a thermal neutron irradiation apparatus 5 arranged inside or outside the pressure container of a nuclear reactor 2 for generating steam for power generation and generating an artificial RI from an RI generating material 6; a coal slurry preparation tank 12 for mixing the generated artificial RI with components 9, 10, and 11; a liquefaction reactor 17 for heating 16, decomposing, and liquefying the prepared coal slurry; and an apparatus for separating the decomposition product.

Description

Set up the nuclear power generation system of liquidation of coal mechanical means
The present invention relates to method of liquefying coal, set up the nuclear power generation system of liquidation of coal machinery and waste heat recovery blending agent generating mechanical means, it is with the cheap thermal neutron that produces in the nuclear power generation system, generates short artificial radioisotope of transformation period by natural element and separation of isotopes element, adds this artificial radioisotope to liquidation of coal and carries out liquidation of coal with slurry (ス ラ リ-) lining.
Economic development is in recent years maximized by home electric and air-conditioning such as popularizes at the personal consumption support, electric power need continue to increase steadily together with industry electricity consumption, civilian electricity.Because the rise of the maximum demand value of electric power is remarkable, surpasses the rise of generated energy, thereby make electric power the peak need occur, the electric power difference expansion that makes between season and need round the clock.For example, round the clock between electric power requirement difference reach about 40% of maximum demand value, for this reason, developing electric power storing technology such as the formula generating of drawing water, superconduction, flying wheel, air compression as improving the rate of load condensate means.
Wherein, the energy storage efficient that is formed by pumping water to generate electricity can reach about 70%, but the restriction of being built the region has problems such as construction time limit for length.On the other hand, when the superconduction in utilizing the electric power storing technology, flying wheel etc., having can not be the problem of large vol service.
Developing the measure that makes load normalizing in the above-mentioned power generation system, energy storage is being replaced to electric power and the heat equal energy source that will be produced use new field.For example, once proposed a kind of method of liquefying coal, it is forming the coal slurry material as the coal dust of raw material and solvent and catalyst mix, to this coal slurry material with radiation exposure after, under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of reducing gas atmosphere, carry out liquidation of coal.(opening flat 5-59371 number and spy referring to the Japanese patent gazette spy opens flat 6-287567 number) wherein owing to use the transformation period long 60Co and 90The gamma-rays of Sr is as radioactive source, thereby makes processing very inconvenient.
Nuclear power generation system (generating set) can cause the electric power residue because running itself is cheaply, though turn round in 24 hours specified modes, the night electricity requirement is less, and on the other hand, the thermal neutron that produces in reactor also can remain.The inventor once proposed a kind of scheme, promptly utilized above-mentioned remaining thermal neutron, will shine directly on the coal dust, carried out liquidation of coal.But this need be transported into a large amount of coal dusts (combustiblematerials) in the atomic energy generating equipment, is guaranteeing aspect the security problem to take place.
As mentioned above, the nuclear power generation system compares with the mineral fuel steam power plant, and fuel cost is lower, owing to can reduce total cost of electricity-generating, thereby when carrying out continuous operation with specified output, be favourable.But then, except the storage problem of electric load normalizing, how to effectively utilize the problem that source (thermal neutron) takes place remaining heat energy in addition.
Therefore some problems have been done to study intensively, for example, for utilizing thermal neutron, generated the Beta-ray artificial radioisotope that (manufacturing) radiated easy shielding, is convenient to handle; When using the Beta-ray radio isotope of radiation,, it directly with after coal dust mixes is shone because its penetration range is short; And the short-decayed artificial radioisotope of transformation period from several minutes by about several hours be used for liquidation of coal, make radioactivity energy in the goods after the liquidation of coal below the natural radiation energy level.
The present invention is that the result according to above-mentioned research makes; its objective is provides a kind of method of liquefying coal; can be the thermal neutron of reactor generation as the energy; utilize the short artificial radioisotope of transformation period who is generated; safe, carry out liquidation of coal to excellent in efficiency; and a kind of nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is provided, can makes the load normalizing of nuclear power generation system effectively.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
Method of liquefying coal is characterized in that having following operation:
With thermal neutron irradiation generate radioisotopic material, the operation of the artificial radioelement of generation and coal fine-powder, solvent and catalyst mix, preparation coal slurry material;
With above-mentioned coal slurry material heating, carry out the operation of the decomposition liquefaction of coal; And
Go out the operation of liquidation of coal thing from the pulp separation that contains above-mentioned resolvent and resultant.
Described method of liquefying coal is characterized in that:
At least a radio isotope that is used as that trace adds among natural element Al, Si, Ti, V and the Mn generates material.
Described method of liquefying coal is characterized in that:
Radio isotope generates material through separation of isotopes 30Si, 50Ti, 54Cr, 64Ni, 65Cu and 68At least a among the Zn.
Described method of liquefying coal is characterized in that:
Thermal neutron irradiation radio isotope generates the irradiation time of material, is the time span of transformation period of the artificial radioelement that generates, and after above-mentioned thermal neutron irradiation, is used for the preparation of coal slurry material in the time of transformation period below 1/10.
Set up the nuclear power generation system of liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is characterized in that being provided with:
Nuclear power generation system with thermal neutron irradiating unit, above-mentioned thermal neutron irradiating unit is used for radio isotope generated and shines thermal neutron with material, make it generate the artificial radioisotope, it is inner or outside with the atomic reaction core pressure vessel of steam that above-mentioned thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the revolution of generation generating turbine;
The artificial radioisotope of above-mentioned generation is mixed the coal slurry material Preparation tank of preparation coal slurry material with coal dust end, solvent, catalyzer;
Coal slurry material by above-mentioned coal slurry material Preparation tank preparation is heated the liquefaction reaction device of liquefaction reaction; With
With the isolating decomposition reaction resultant of the decomposition reaction resultant tripping device in the above-mentioned liquefaction reaction device.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: the profile of thermal neutron irradiating unit is identical with the outer shape of the stove heart fuel of nuclear power generation system, and it is arranged on stove heart zone.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the guard shield inside in the atomic reaction core pressure vessel.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the outside of atomic reaction core pressure vessel, the inboard of screen layer.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the atomic reaction core pressure vessel or outward, this reactor is used for producing reactor turbine revolution high temperature and high pressure gas.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the interior movable tamper zone of atomic reaction core pressure vessel.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the interior fixation reflex body region of atomic reaction core pressure vessel.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: it is to make the coal slurry material of coal slurry material Preparation tank in the circulation of the atomic reaction core pressure vessel outside, carries out the irradiation of radioactive rays.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is characterized in that: it is that the artificial radioisotope is generated the particulate of using material, in the graphite system of the being filled in carrier, be sent to the thermal neutron irradiating unit, carry at high speed from thermal neutron irradiating unit output graphite system carrier with gas, with its importing coal slurry material Preparation tank.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is characterized in that: be provided with at coal slurry material Preparation tank inlet side with the freezing crushing device of graphite system carrier fragmentation with only the artificial radioisotope is generated the tripping device that imports coal slurry material Preparation tank with the particulate of material.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: generate additional ferromagnetism body tunicle on the part of microparticle surfaces of material the artificial radioisotope of the graphite system of being filled to carrier.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: iron, nickel are generated with the ferromagnetism body tunicle on the part of the microparticle surfaces of material as being coated on the artificial radioisotope.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: be provided with the device that utilizes magnetic recovery artificial radioisotope particulate between coal slurry material Preparation tank and liquefaction reaction device.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means is characterized in that: it is that the artificial radioisotope's particulate that will retrieve is filled in the graphite system carrier, and the thermal neutron irradiating unit of packing into generates the artificial radioisotope.
Described the present invention is a method of liquefying coal, it is characterized in that: have following operation, promptly, with thermal neutron irradiation generate radioisotopic material, the operation of the artificial radioelement of generation and coal fine-powder, solvent and catalyst mix, preparation coal slurry material; With above-mentioned coal slurry material heating, carry out the operation of the decomposition liquefaction of coal; Reach the operation that goes out the liquidation of coal thing from the pulp separation that contains above-mentioned resolvent resultant.
Described method of liquefying coal of the present invention is characterized in that: Al, Si, Ti, V and Mn that trace adds in the natural element are at least a as radio isotope generation material.
Described method of liquefying coal of the present invention is characterized in that: radio isotope generates material through separation of isotopes 30Si, 50Ti, 54Cr, 64Ni, 65Cu and 68At least a among the Zn.
Described method of liquefying coal of the present invention, it is characterized in that: thermal neutron irradiation radio isotope generates the irradiation time of material, time span for transformation period of the artificial radioelement that generates, and after above-mentioned thermal neutron irradiation, in the time of transformation period below 1/10, be used for the preparation of coal slurry material.
Described the present invention is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is characterized in that being provided with: the atomic energy generating equipment that is disposing the thermal neutron irradiating unit, the artificial radioisotope of above-mentioned generation is mixed the coal slurry material Preparation tank of preparation coal slurry material with coal dust end, solvent, catalyzer; Coal slurry material by above-mentioned coal slurry material Preparation tank preparation is heated the liquefaction reaction device of liquefaction reaction; With with the isolating decomposition reaction resultant of the decomposition reaction resultant tripping device in the above-mentioned liquefaction reaction device.Above-mentioned thermal neutron irradiating unit is used for radio isotope generated and shines thermal neutron with material, make it generate the artificial radioisotope, above-mentioned thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in to produce and makes the revolution of generating turbine inner or outside with the atomic reaction core pressure vessel of steam.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the present invention is characterized in that: the profile of thermal neutron irradiating unit is identical with the stove heart fuel of nuclear power generation system, and it is arranged on stove heart zone.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the present invention is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in guard shield (the シ ュ ラ ゥ De) inside in the atomic reaction core pressure vessel.
Described the present invention is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the outside of atomic reaction core pressure vessel, the inboard of screen layer.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the present invention, it is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the atomic reaction core pressure vessel or outward, this reactor is used for producing reactor turbine revolution high temperature and high pressure gas.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the present invention is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the interior movable tamper zone of atomic reaction core pressure vessel.
The described nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the present invention is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the interior fixation reflex body region of atomic reaction core pressure vessel.
The described liquidation of coal mechanical means load normalizing nuclear power generation system that sets up of the present invention, it is characterized in that: it is to make the coal slurry material of coal slurry material Preparation tank in the circulation of the atomic reaction core pressure vessel outside, carries out the irradiation of radioactive rays.
The described liquidation of coal mechanical means load normalizing nuclear power generation system that sets up of the present invention; it is characterized in that: it is the particles of material that the artificial radioisotope is generated usefulness; the graphite system of being filled in carrier (conveyance) lining; be sent to the thermal neutron irradiating unit; carry at high speed from thermal neutron irradiating unit output graphite system carrier with gas, with its importing coal slurry material Preparation tank.
The described liquidation of coal mechanical means load normalizing nuclear power generation system that sets up of the present invention; it is characterized in that: be provided with at coal slurry material Preparation tank inlet side with the freezing crushing device of graphite system carrier fragmentation with only the artificial radioisotope is generated the tripping device that imports coal slurry material Preparation tank with the particulate of material.
The described liquidation of coal mechanical means load normalizing nuclear power generation system that sets up of the present invention is characterized in that: generate the artificial radioisotope of the graphite system of being filled to carrier on the part of microparticle surfaces of material and add ferromagnetism body tunicle.
The described liquidation of coal mechanical means load normalizing nuclear power generation system that sets up of the present invention is characterized in that: iron, nickel are generated with the ferromagnetism body tunicle on the part of the microparticle surfaces of material as being coated on the artificial radioisotope.
The described liquidation of coal mechanical means load normalizing nuclear power generation system that sets up of the present invention is characterized in that: be provided with the device that utilizes magnetic recovery artificial radioisotope particulate between coal slurry material Preparation tank and liquefaction reaction device.
The described liquidation of coal mechanical means load normalizing nuclear power generation system that sets up of the present invention; it is characterized in that: it is that the artificial radioisotope's particulate that will retrieve is filled in the graphite system carrier; the thermal neutron irradiating unit of packing into generates artificial radioisotope's particulate.
Be that above-mentioned each invention is the thermal neutron that produces with reactor; make short artificial radioisotope of (generation) transformation period; this artificial radioisotope is used on the liquidation of coal mechanical means; improve the liquidation of coal efficient in the method for liquefying coal, and can make the load normalizing of the nuclear power generation system that sets up efficient high liquidation of coal mechanical means.At the irradiation thermal neutron, when making the transformation period and be several minutes and arriving short artificial radioisotope of transformation period about several hours employed radio isotope generate material can be with reference to " appendix 1 isotope table; disintegration scheme " " isotropic substance handbook " (Japanese radio isotope association compiles, and ball is apt to (strain)).
When carrying out liquidation of coal, the particle diameter of the fine-powder of coal is taken as μ m unit, the consumption and the raising liquefaction rate of recovery to reduction hydrogen are effective, after carrying out precomminution, make with the mechanical crushing method of pulp jets type pulverizer with rod mill (ロ ッ ト ミ Le), ball mill (ボ-Le ミ Le), vibrating mill (vibration ミ Le), disc flour mill (テ ィ ス Network ミ Le) etc.Wherein,, adopt the device that electric power, heat energy is directly converted to mechanical energy as the drive energy of mechanical disintegration, owing to when utilizing heat energy, can improve effciency of energy transfer, thereby be favourable.For example, the heat energy that the generating set that uses atomic energy produces produces vaporization heat (cold and hot), makes coal dust be in the following temperature of low temperature brittleness, if the shockwave that is produced during to the combustion gases pulse-combustion shines, then just can obtain the ultrafine powder of coal in moment.
For example have as the method that makes the coal fine-powderization: the method that the shockwave that produces when utilization makes Sweet natural gas and Air mixing gas at high temperature burn (even its pulse-combustion) explosively is processed or evaporated, perhaps be on the material of the temperature below the low temperature brittleness in the effect that is subjected to liquid nitrogen, add the shockwave (surge pressure reaches 100,000 atmospheric degree) that pulse-combustion produces, the method for carrying out instantaneous trickle fragmentation thus.Wherein, when using liquid nitrogen,, thereby the benefit that prevents dust explosion can also be arranged simultaneously because atmosphere is a nitrogen.
Effect of the present invention is:
The method of liquefying coal of described invention is to carry out the artificial radioactivity line isotropic substance of β decay that the transformation period is a several minutes～several hours and coal dust, catalyzer, solvent, by texture of coal being relaxed, improved the hydrogenation decomposition efficiency in the liquefaction reaction after this as β ray in the radiation treatment of liquidation of coal reaction pre-treatment and gamma-rays.Compared with former method of liquefying coal, under low temperature, low pressure condition, just can make liquidation of coal effectively.
Especially make above-mentioned artificial radioisotope at the reactor periphery, this radioelement is supplied with the liquidation of coal mechanical means of adjacency, like this, just can effectively utilize the thermal neutron in the nuclear power generation system, when improving above-mentioned efficient, can also reduce the liquidation of coal cost.Again because the transformation period of the time ratio natural radiation line of above-mentioned radioisotopic transformation period short, so can easily use through the artificial radioisotope after the radiation treatment.
The nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of described invention has utilized the thermal neutron that reactor produced, thereby can generate the artificial radioisotope who carries out the β decay that the transformation period is a several minutes～several hours.And because the artificial radioisotope of above-mentioned generation is used for the pre-treatment that liquidation of coal is reacted, thereby β ray and gamma-rays can relax the structure of coal effectively, can improve the hydrogen decomposition efficiency in the liquefaction reaction after this.Promptly under the condition of low-temp low-pressure, also can obtain the high liquefaction oil rate of recovery, the construction cost of liquidation of coal device is reduced, thereby the liquidation of coal cost is reduced.
Again because make above-mentioned artificial radioisotope at the reactor periphery, supply with the liquidation of coal mechanical means of adjacency, so need not directly put into the nuclear power generation system to a large amount of combustiblesubstances, can provide a security better, the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means that can reduce cost.
Following with reference to accompanying drawing, describe embodiments of the invention in detail.
Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram of the nuclear power generation system schematic configuration of setting up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression the present invention the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view that the reactor in the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the 1st embodiment is amplified in expression.
Fig. 3 packs into to take out the system diagram of graphite system carrier in the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the 1st embodiment in the thermal neutron irradiating unit.
Fig. 4 be utilize laser excite selectively with microcosmic atomic group (マ ィ Network ロ Network ラ ス -) generative process in utilize the summary construction diagram of isotope separation.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view that another reactor in the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the 3rd embodiment is amplified expression.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view that the reactor in the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the 4th embodiment is amplified expression.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view that another reactor in the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the 4th embodiment is amplified expression.
Fig. 8 is the sectional view that the reactor in the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the 5th embodiment is amplified expression.
Fig. 9 is the sectional view that the reactor in the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of the 6th embodiment is amplified expression.
Figure 10 is the skeleton diagram of the nuclear power generation system schematic configuration of setting up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression the present invention the 7th embodiment.
Figure 11 is the skeleton diagram of the nuclear power generation system schematic configuration of setting up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression the present invention the 9th embodiment.
Figure 12 is the skeleton diagram of the nuclear power generation system schematic configuration of setting up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression the present invention the 10th embodiment.
Figure 13 is blending agent system, the vaporization heat manufacturing system skeleton diagram of the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression the present invention the 10th embodiment.
Figure 14 is the deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system block diagram of the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression the present invention the 10th embodiment.
Figure 15 is the generation gas power generation system and the storage vaporization heat power generation system skeleton diagram of the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression the present invention the 10th embodiment.
Figure 16 is the skeleton diagram of the nuclear power generation system schematic configuration of setting up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression the present invention the 11st embodiment.
Figure 17 is the residue gasification power generation system and the storage vaporization heat transformation system skeleton diagram of the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression the present invention the 11st embodiment.
(the 1st embodiment)
This embodiment is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is the interior guard shield inside of atomic reaction core pressure vessel that the thermal neutron irradiating unit is assembled in the nuclear power generation system, with air-flow aluminium (Al), silicon (Si), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), manganese particulates such as (Mn) is fed in the thermal neutron irradiating unit through set nozzle bore on the housing of reactor container, make thermal neutron shine these particulates to generate artificial radio element, artificial radio element and coal particulate that this transformation period is short, liquidation of coal is carried out in mixing such as solvent and catalyzer under high-temperature high-pressure state.
Among Fig. 1, the 1st, the nuclear power generation system, the 2nd, the reactor of generation steam, this steam is used for water turbine 3 revolutions of generating usefulness, the 4th, with vapor condensation used in the above-mentioned generating and make its condenser that revert to reactor 2, the 5th, be configured in the inner or outside thermal neutron irradiating unit of pressurized vessel of above-mentioned reactor 2.Wherein, be fed to 48 li of graphite system carrier feedwaies by compressor 7a after to the delivering gas pressurization that is housed in 6 li of delivering gas storage tanks, and the graphite system carrier 49 that the artificial radioisotope generates with the particulate of material is contained in inside be transported to 5 li of thermal neutron irradiating units; And thermal neutron shone on this graphite system carrier 49, the particulate that generates with material from the above-mentioned artificial radioisotope of comprising generates artificial radioisotope's particulate.
As Fig. 2 the part is amplified shown in the back, in this embodiment, thermal neutron irradiating unit 5 is the parts that are assembled in the part guard shield 2b in the pressurized vessel 2a of reactor 2.Leading to the transport pipe that the artificial radioisotope of thermal neutron irradiating unit 5 generates with material connects by the nozzle bore 2g on the housing of atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a.Among Fig. 2,2c is a shielding, and 2d is the reactor storage container, and 2e is a segregaion valve, and 2f is an internal pump.
The 8th, coal slurry material preparation mechanism, it is after with the freezing crushing device graphite system carrier being destroyed, at 12 materials that take out from graphite system carrier by artificial radioisotope's particulates of above-mentioned thermal neutron irradiating unit 5 generations of coal slurry material Preparation tank, the coal dust of supplying with coal dust storage tank 9, the solvent of supplying with from solvent feed tank 10 and the catalyst mix of supplying with from catalyzer storage tank 11 are mixed with the coal slurry material.Then, by recycle pump 7b, magnetic separator 47, valve 13 and force (forcing) pump 7c the coal slurry material that is mixed with at above-mentioned coal slurry material Preparation tank 12 is fed to liquidation of coal mechanical means 14.In magnetic separator 47, utilize the effect of magnetic from the coal slurry material, the surface to be coated with the artificial radioisotope's separation of particles and the recovery of nickel.
Above-mentioned liquidation of coal mechanical means 14 is provided with: hydrogen is supplied with the above-mentioned hydrogen storage tank 15 that the coal slurry material that comes is provided, to the well heater 16 that the above-mentioned coal slurry material as handled object that contains hydrogen heats, the decomposition liquefaction isolating resultant of reaction tripping device of resultant of reaction (high-temperature separator) 18 that its liquefaction reaction device 17 that decomposes liquefaction reaction and handle are formed by above-mentioned liquefaction reaction device 17.Well heater 16 wherein for example is structures such as induction type spiral winding.
Then, the 1st separated component that has been separated by above-mentioned resultant of reaction tripping device 18 is by 19 fractionation of the 1st distillation tower, by the 1st distillation tower 19 fractionated generation gases, light crude and water direct into respectively and generate 22 li of gas storage tank 20, light crude storage tank 21 and water storage tanks.On the other hand, the 2nd separated component that has been separated by resultant of reaction tripping device 18 is again by 23 fractionation of the 2nd distillation tower, residue is become to be distributed to residue composition groove 24, to evaporate composition (solvent composition) by recycle pump 7e and deliver to hydrogenation apparatus 25, after hydrogen treatment, be fed to 10 li of solvent feed tanks here.
Below, the action of the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means with said structure is described.
In nuclear power generation system 1, the water coolant that ortho-water is constituted heats in reactor 2 earlier, and the water vapour that becomes state of saturation is transported to water turbine 3 through main team pipe.The water vapour that is transported to 3 li of water turbines drives 3 revolutions of water turbine, in generator the rotation energy of above-mentioned water turbine 3 is transformed into electric energy and generates electricity.The waste gas (or bleeding) of discharging from water turbine 3 is through vapor pipe, carry out becoming water of condensation after the heat exchange with seawater in the heat exchange department that flows through condenser 4, by recycle pump 7d with this condensate return to reactor 2.
On the other hand, with compressor 7a the delivering gas of delivering gas storage tank 6 is pressurizeed, by carrier feedway 48 Al, Si, Ti, V, Mn etc. are contained in inside then and be transported to 5 li of thermal neutron irradiating units, install the 5 interior guard shield 2b parts of pressurized vessel 2a that constituted reactor 2 as the graphite system carrier that radio isotope generates with the native metal particulate of material.In thermal neutron irradiating unit 5, when with 10 12Individual/cm 2When thermal beam .s shone on the graphite system carrier that is transferred, the nucleic of above-mentioned Al, Si, Ti, V or Mn was transformed into 28Al, 31Si, 51Ti, 52V or 56Mn.In the radioisotopic process of manufacture of intraocular, nucleic does not have Ti, the V of conversion in a single day to be transported to slurry Preparation tank 12 shining thermal neutron, just plays catalyzer.
Because these carry out the β decay with the transformation period of 2.3 minutes, 2.6 hours, 5.8 minutes, 3.8 minutes or 2.6 hours respectively through the nucleic of nucleic conversion, the transformation period that therefore the thermal neutron irradiation time is set at the nucleic that generates is long like that.And the nucleic that rises in the time that finishes to the transformation period above-mentioned generation in 1/10 transformation period is transported to coal slurry material Preparation tank 12 from thermal neutron irradiating unit 5 respectively.Inside is comprised the graphite system carrier 49 that the artificial radioisotope generates with the particulate of material be encased in, in thermal neutron irradiating unit 5, carry out the thermal neutron irradiation of specified time between valve 2h and the segregaion valve 2e.Before the thermal neutron irradiation finishes, graphite system carrier 49 is installed to 48 li of carrier feedwaies, when the thermal neutron irradiation finishes, valve 2h and segregaion valve 2e are opened, after with compressor 7a delivering gas being pressurizeed it is fed to 48 li of carrier feedwaies.Again valve 50 is opened, delivering gas is injected.The delivering gas pressure ratio of delivering on valve 50 branch roads acts on valve 50 by the big slightly pressure-losses of the delivering gas pressure-losses of valve 2h.Measure the quantity of X-rays X of graphite system carrier 49 with ray detector 2j, 2k, carry out after the ray detection certain hour with ray detector 2k, transforming valve 2i is changed, constitute the pipeline structure that leads to slurry Preparation tank 12 by the pipeline that leads to delivering gas storage tank 6, will be transported to slurry Preparation tank 12 through the graphite system carrier 49 of thermal neutron irradiation.With ray detector 2j the quantity of X-rays X of the graphite system carrier 49 that passes through is carried out instrumentation, when not detecting quantity of X-rays X, valve 2h, segregaion valve 2e are closed.With ray detector 2k the quantity of X-rays X of the graphite system carrier 49 that passes through is carried out instrumentation, when not detecting quantity of X-rays X, behind certain hour,, constitute the pipeline structure that leads to delivering gas storage tank 6, valve 52 is opened by the pipeline that leads to slurry Preparation tank 12 with transforming valve 2i conversion.When valve 2h has graphite system carrier 49 later on, valve 50,51,52 is not closed, stop pressurization with compressor 7a.After this, make at thermal neutron between the light period, the pressure from valve 2h to segregaion valve 2e through thermal neutron irradiating unit 5 does not have rising, forms delivering gas and is discharged to the path (do not have expression the figure, be provided with heat removal apparatus midway) of delivering gas storage tank 6 from valve 2h, segregaion valve 2e.And radioisotopic time of delivery is at coal slurry material Preparation tank 12 places radiation β at interval -Ray or gamma-ray time (transformation period of the nucleic that generates).
In liquidation of coal mechanical means 14 1 sides, catalyzer that the liquidation of coal of supplying with from coal dust storage tank 9 of supplying with as coal dust, from solvent feed tank 10 is used with circulating solvent, from the raising liquefaction oil rate of recovery of catalyzer storage tank 11 supplies and above-mentioned nucleic conversion the artificial radioisotope (per ton 28Al, 31Si, 51Ti, 52V, 56Mn coal slurry material is equivalent to 0.66kg, 110kg, 2.5kg, 0.068kg, 0.036kg respectively) be sent to 12 li of coal slurry material Preparation tanks respectively, condition such as atmosphere, pressure and temperature in the groove kept certain on one side, mixed with the inner stirrer of adorning on one side, manufacture certain density coal slurry material.Liquid nitrogen is shone, on the graphite system carrier 49 that transports from thermal neutron irradiating unit 5, make 49 fragmentations of graphite system carrier, therefrom take out artificial radioisotope's particulate, only particulate is transported to coal slurry material Preparation tank 12.
Usually as the coal of raw material moisture drying to 1～2% weight that is contained in 5～30% weight in the coal, the granularity of coal particle is crushed to below the 150 μ m.Hope can provide the oil of hydrogen, for example that tetraline (テ ト ラ リ Application), tetrahydro-anthracene aromatic composition contents such as (テ ト ラ ヒ ト ロ ァ Application ト ラ セ Application) is high oil as solvent those, preferably with those by heavy oil that liquidation of coal the is obtained coal measures solvent (containing tetraline) that obtains of hydrogenation in addition.
Catalyzer is not particularly limited, available iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V) and lanthanum (La) etc. have the metal of catalyzer ability, but (Ni) is more cheap for iron (Fe), nickel, obtains easily, and be also stronger in the effect of liquidation of coal reacting middle catalyst.Can adopt synthetic iron sulphide catalyzer, ironic hydroxide or virgin iron ore catalyzer as Fe-series catalyst.In any occasion, best granules of catalyst is the following particles of 16 μ m more than 90%.
In preparing with above-mentioned coal slurry material Preparation tank 12, it is 1.0～4.0 with weight ratio (solvent/feed coal) as the moisture-free coal of raw material that the concentration of coal slurry material is decided to be solvent, and the addition of catalyzer is with respect to 0.5～5% weight of moisture-free coal particulate weight.And ambiance is a filling with inert gas in the groove of coal slurry material Preparation tank 12, and temperature is 40～100 ℃, and pressure is 1～10 normal atmosphere.
Then, make in the above-mentioned coal slurry material Preparation tank 12 mixed good preparation coal slurry material with the artificial radioisotope ( 28Al, 31Si, 51Ti, 52V, 56Mn) be subjected to ray (β in identical time transformation period on one side -Ray and gamma-rays) irradiation, by recycle pump 7b make it at coal slurry material preparation mechanism 8 internal recycle (at this moment valve 13 close) on one side.Wherein, the quantity of radiation of irradiation coal slurry material is 10 2～10 10The roentgen.
Radiation exposure one end when afore mentioned rules, just open valve 13, the coal slurry material is imported to 47 li of separators that utilize magnetic force, reclaim artificial radioisotope's particulate that those surfaces have coated nickel with magneticaction from the coal slurry material, then, make the coal slurry materials flow to utilizing in the isostructural high-pressure pump 7c of plunger tpe mashing pump.When flowing into high-pressure pump 7c, the coal slurry material is pressurized to 100～200 normal atmosphere, at this moment the hydrogen of being supplied with by hydrogen storage tank 15 also is elevated to uniform pressure by compressor etc.Pressurized coal slurry material is heated to 350～450 ℃ by well heater 16.Temperature of reaction in back to back liquidation of coal reaction unit 17 is 400～500 ℃, and pressure is by above-mentioned high-pressure pump 7c elevated pressure, and the residence time in the reaction unit is 40～80 minutes.
The resultant that is obtained by the liquidation of coal reaction in above-mentioned reaction unit 17 is transported to high temperature tripping device 18, in high temperature tripping device 18 it is separated into the 1st separated component and the 2nd separated component, the 1st separated component constitutes by generating gas (containing high pressure gas), water and light middle matter crude oil (cuts that boiling point is discontented 260 ℃); The 2nd separated component is made of heavy crude (boiling point is at the cut more than 260 ℃) and residue.Wherein the 1st separated component that is made of generation gas, water and light middle matter crude oil is transported to atmospheric distillation tower (the 1st distillation tower) 19 through reducing valve (omitting among the figure), be separated into generate gas, water and light in the former wet goods composition of matter, be stored in respectively generate gas storage tank 20, light in 22 li of the former oil supply tank 21 of matter and water storage tanks.
On the other hand, the 2nd separated component of heavy crude and residue formation is transported to vacuum still (the 2nd distillation tower) 23 through reducing valve (omitting among the figure), being depressurized distillation 23 li of vacuum stills (reduces pressure 10～80torr), 24 li of residue storage tanks are discharged, are stored in to the cut of boiling point more than 538 ℃ as liquefied residue.And boiling point is after in a single day the heavy crude of 260～538 ℃ cut be returned to normal pressure, pressurize by high-pressure pump 7e, with well heater (among the figure do not have expression) it is formed 22 li in the hydrogenation tower that is transported to fixed bed behind high temperature, this tower is filled with the filler that adheres to Ni-Mo catalyzer or Co-Mo catalyzer appendix on alumina supporter.
The pressurized with hydrogen that hydrogen storage tank 15 is guided out is also carried out 1～2 hour hydrogenation under hydrogen atmosphere, under 270～380 ℃, 80～120 normal atmosphere, generate the hydrogenation solvent that composition such as tetraline constitutes.The hydrogenation solvent that obtains is flowed back to solvent feed tank 10, recycle with solvent as liquidation of coal.
If adopt the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of present embodiment, the thermal neutron that can produce with reactor, produce the transformation period and be the artificial radioisotope of the β decay that several minutes arrives several hours, with this artificial radioisotope and fine breeze, catalyzer, solvent, as liquidation of coal reaction pre-treatment and useful to irradiation of rays.By this radioactive rays processing, β ray and gamma-rays texture of coal is relaxed, can improve the hydrogenation decomposing efficiency in the liquefaction reaction after this.That is, compared, under the low-temp low-pressure condition, just can obtain the desired liquefaction oil rate of recovery, the construction cost of liquidation of coal device can be suppressed to lower price with former liquidation of coal method.
Owing to adopt this structure, promptly, around reactor, make those and carry out the artificial radioisotope of transformation period several minutes to β decay in several hours, above-mentioned radioelement is supplied with the liquidation of coal mechanical means of adjacency, thereby need not directly transport a large amount of combustiblematerialss in the nuclear power station, can constitute a nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means cheaply of utilizing the atomic energy generating equipment thermal neutron.
Because transformation period of above-mentioned ray is also shorter than the transformation period of natural ray, thereby handle easily during the artificial radioisotope of irradiation after using.Again because the pre-treatment that coal dust is carried out radiation exposure is near carrying out under the normal temperature and pressure, so can also be the process simplification that comprises that pre-treatment will be installed.
Owing on the microparticle surfaces of artificial radioisotope, coating nickel with material, utilize magneticaction, from the coal slurry material, reclaim in artificial radioisotope's particulate mode, thereby the artificial radioisotope that just can effectively utilize high price uses material, and can be confined to radioactive substance from the nuclear power generation system to the slurry Preparation tank, thereby can handle most of device in the liquidation of coal mechanical means in the same manner with common design.
Owing to be to carry artificial radioisotope's particulate, thereby just can carry to the slurry Preparation tank at high speed from reactor by changing the inside and outside transfer rate of thermal neutron irradiating unit with graphite system carrier and gas delivery system.
(the 2nd embodiment)
Present embodiment is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, promptly, the guard shield 2b inside in the atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a of nuclear power generation system assembling a thermal neutron irradiating unit 5, will be isolated from silicon (Si), titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) etc. 30Si, 50Ti, 54Cr, 64Ni, 65Cu, 68Zn, after being contained in the graphite system carrier Deng particulate, through being arranged on nozzle bore on the housing of atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a, supplying with graphite system carrier with air-flow, in neutron-exposure facility 5, thermal neutron is shone on these graphite system carriers, make the generation artificial radioelement, the artificial radioelement that these transformation period are short mixes with coal particulate, solvent, catalyzer etc., carries out liquidation of coal under high-temperature high-pressure state.
Promptly, present embodiment be with the same nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of above-mentioned the 1st embodiment (with reference to Fig. 1) in, isolate isotopic as Si, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn etc. 30Si, 50Ti, 54Cr, 64Ni, 65Cu, 68Zn is heated after the neutron irradiation them, and nucleic is transformed into short radioelement of transformation period.
Here exemplify out, separating coefficient during separated isotopes is 2 kinds of isotope separations such as infinitely-great ionization partition method and laser separation process in theory.Be to carry out isotopic separation in the present embodiment with laser separation process.Below, multistage ionization or dual-purpose excite separation of isotopes system with fine particle bundle generative process from minimum energy selectively to utilize the visible light pulses laser apparatus with Fig. 4 explanation.
This separation of isotopes system makes with optical system to drive visible-light type pulse laser 56 that 53 vibrations of visible-light type pulsed laser action device send and form slit-shaped, focus is gathered artificial radioisotope at rotating cylinder 66 generate on the surface with material delivery film 62 and shine, and the artificial radioisotope is generated with material evaporate.By these revolving drum 66 rotations are driven, the artificial radioisotope is generated with material delivery film 62 to advance and is wound on the rolling tube 67, thus, the part of evaporating through laser radiation is got rid of from this laser radiation position, and often had new film portion to move on the position of this laser radiation.
The artificial radioisotope of above-mentioned evaporation generates with material and is transported to superonic flow nozzzle 55 places by helium 60.Zone 64 irradiating lasers before the spout of this superonic flow nozzzle 55, the artificial radioisotope is generated with the emphasis isotropic substance ionization in the material, and this laser is such as with pulse laser (usually this laser the be wavelength of visible light) synthetic of 3 stages optical excitation with the ionized 3 kinds of sympathetic response absorbing wavelength of above-mentioned emphasis isotropic substance.Owing to carry out the ionized sympathetic response section of cross absorption area that is used to excite of the 3rd stage little than other stages, thereby this section of cross absorption area just becomes the measurement condition when carrying out ionization.In addition, can consider that also not proceeding to ionization just becomes excited state in the 1st stage.
Zone 64 before the spout of superonic flow nozzzle 55, the artificial radioisotope of evaporation generates material and clashes, is cooled simultaneously as the helium of delivering gas and form fine particle bundle (マ ィ Network ロ Network ラ ス -).In this fine particle bundle forming process, carry out ionization, and each different fine particle bundles that constitute the element that the element that excites from minimum energy and non-minimum energy excite form probability, with the nature isotopic ratio be the fine particle bundle that forms heterotopeization, carry out ionization and still stay, spray with delivering gas from the spout of superonic flow nozzzle 55 with monomeric form from the element that minimum energy excites.
The steam that generates material from the artificial radioisotope who comprises the fine particle bundle of above-mentioned superonic flow nozzzle 55 spouts ejection carries out adiabatic expansion, forms and solidifies stream.This solidifies stream makes the electronic cloud that is generated by electron flux generating unit 57 by being ionized.When making between this electro-ionic electrode that solidifies the retrieving arrangement 58 of stream by being provided with electric field, because fine particle bundle, monatomic, the quality difference of delivering gas, speed difference, thereby by electric field separates.Through ionization or the element that excites from minimum energy, with the isolating artificial radioisotope of monomeric form generate the usefulness material ( 30Si, 50Ti, 54Cr, 64Ni, 65Cu, 68Zn) arrive separating element and reclaim film 63, recovery is captured.Batched when a certain amount of artificial radioisotope generates with material when separating element reclamation film 63 adheres to, be equipped with new film and use for reclaiming.When separating element reclamation film 63 reclaim artificial radioisotopes generate with material ( 30Si, 50Ti, 54Cr, 64Ni, 65Cu, 68When Zn) finishing, the artificial radioisotope is generated material separation from the film and its particulate is processed.Become the helium 61 in the waste gas and be discharged from as the helium of delivering gas, through after refining once more as being recycled behind the helium 60.
Though the visible-light type pulse laser 65 aforesaid separation that shine on the revolving drum 66 that the quilt that sends from above-mentioned visible-light type pulsed laser action device 53 vibrates generate on the surface of using material delivery film 62 with the artificial radioisotope, the artificial radioisotope is generated with material evaporates, but to be the part of above-mentioned laser be used for evaporation for this, and remaining is reflected and incides 56 li of visible-light type pulse laser beam condensing units.The laser dispatch tube of not representing among this incident visible-light type pulse laser process figure etc. imports to the microalgae culture systems.
The liquidation of coal of present embodiment has the same effect with above-mentioned the 1st embodiment basically, can obtain same effect, but can also obtain following effect.
(a) have only in the element silicon (Si) 30Si absorbs thermal neutron, forms the artificial radioisotope and the conversion nucleic, because relative abundance is 3.09%, thereby by separation of isotopes, artificial radioisotope's formation efficiency is than big about 32 times in the natural element.
(b) have only in the titanium elements (Ti) 50The Ti intercept neutrons, as the artificial radioisotope and the conversion nucleic, because relative abundance is 5.34%, thereby by separation of isotopes, artificial radioisotope's formation efficiency is than big about 19 times in the natural element.
(c) because in make chromium (Cr) element with thermal neutron 50Form the radio isotope of long half time when Cr carries out the nucleic conversion, thereby must be removed.But owing to be suitable as artificial radioisotope's capable nucleic conversion 54The relative abundance of Cr is 2.38%, thereby by separation of isotopes, artificial radioisotope's formation efficiency is than big about 42 times in the natural element.
(d) because in make nickel (Ni) element with thermal neutron 58Ni and 62Form the radio isotope of long half time when Ni carries out the nucleic conversion, thereby must be removed.But carry out the nucleic conversion owing to be fit to forming the artificial radioisotope 64The relative abundance of Ni is 1.08%, thereby by separation of isotopes, artificial radioisotope's formation efficiency is than big about 93 times in the natural element.
(e) because in make copper (Cu) element with thermal neutron 63When Cu carries out the nucleic conversion, form the radio isotope of long half time, thereby must be removed, but because suitable artificial radioisotope carries out the nucleic conversion 65The relative abundance of Cu is 30.91%, thereby by separation of isotopes, artificial radioisotope's formation efficiency is than big about 3 times in the natural element.
(f) because in make zinc (Zn) element with thermal neutron 64When Zn carries out the nucleic conversion, form the radio isotope of long half time, thereby must be removed, but because suitable artificial radioisotope carries out the nucleic conversion 68Zn, 70The relative abundance of Zn is 18.57%, 0.62%, thereby by separation of isotopes, artificial radioisotope's formation efficiency is than big about 5 times, 161 times in the natural element.
(the 3rd embodiment)
Present embodiment is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is in the described nuclear power generation of the foregoing description system, carry out the supply that the artificial radioisotope generates usefulness for thermal neutron irradiating unit 5 as a part of assembled configuration of the guard shield 2b in the atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a, different with the structure of the coal slurry material Preparation tank 12 that generates (manufacturing) artificial radioisotope.Promptly, major portion enlarged view as shown in Figure 5, through nozzle bore 2g in the setting of the bottom of atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a, the artificial radioisotope is generated the particulate of using material supply with neutron-exposure facility, on the other hand, to its irradiation thermal neutron, generate short artificial radioelement of transformation period, this artificial radioelement mixes with coal particulate, solvent and catalyzer etc. by the nozzle bore 2g of the same bottom setting of pressurized vessel 2a, carries out liquidation of coal under high-temperature high-pressure state.
(the 4th embodiment)
Present embodiment is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is in the described nuclear power generation of above-mentioned the 1st embodiment system, assembled configuration thermal neutron irradiating unit 5 in atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a, between itself and guard shield 2b periphery.Be characterised in that and present embodiment is additional: thermotropism neutron-exposure facility 5 supplies with that artificial radioisotopes generate structure with material, to supply with the artificial radioisotope's who generates (manufacturing) structure to slurry Preparation tank 12 different with the foregoing description.Promptly, as shown in Figure 6, nozzle bore 2g set on the housing by atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a is fed to thermal neutron irradiating unit 5 with the particulate that the artificial radioisotope generates with material, thermal neutron is shone these particulates, make it generate short artificial radioelement of transformation period, the same set nozzle bore 2g in housing below by atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a, above-mentioned artificial radioelement is transported to after the slurry Preparation tank 12, mix with coal particulate, solvent and catalyzer etc., under high-temperature high-pressure state, carry out liquidation of coal.
In said structure, also can be as shown in Figure 7, form such nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, promptly, through being arranged on the nozzle bore 2g of atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a bottom, the particulate that the artificial radioisotope is generated with material is fed to 5 li of thermal neutron irradiating units, thermal neutron is shone these particulates generate short artificial radioelement of transformation period, by means of the same nozzle bore 2g that is arranged on atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a bottom above-mentioned artificial radioelement is transported to after the slurry Preparation tank 12, with the coal particulate, solvent, liquidation of coal is carried out in mixing such as catalyzer under high-temperature high-pressure state.
These embodiment have the identical effect with above-mentioned the 1st embodiment basically with liquidation of coal in the variation, can obtain same effect.
(the 5th embodiment)
Present embodiment is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is characterized in that in the described nuclear power generation of the 1st embodiment system, between atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a and shielding 2c with assembled configuration thermal neutron irradiating unit 5.Promptly as shown in Figure 8, run through and pass through the housing of reactor storing containers 2d and shielding 2c respectively, the particulate that the artificial radioisotope is generated with material is fed to thermal neutron irradiating unit 5, thermal neutron is shone these particulates, generate short artificial radioelement of transformation period, after running through again and artificial radioelement being transported to slurry Preparation tank 12 through the identical casings of atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a, mix with coal particulate, solvent, catalyzer etc., under high-temperature high-pressure state, carry out liquidation of coal.
Liquidation of coal in the present embodiment have basically with the identical effect of above-mentioned the 1st embodiment, can obtain same effect.
(the 6th embodiment)
Present embodiment is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is characterized in that in the nuclear power generation system of the 1st embodiment, pile core zone in atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a, the profile of the thermal neutron irradiating unit 5b of assembled configuration is made identical with pile core fuel.Also promptly as shown in Figure 9, by the nozzle bore 2g that is arranged on pressurized vessel 2a bottom the particulate that the artificial radioisotope generates with material is fed to thermal neutron irradiating unit 5b, thermal neutron is shone these particulates, make and generate short artificial radioelement of transformation period, equally artificial radioelement is transported to slurry Preparation tank 12 through the nozzle bore 2g that is arranged on pressurized vessel 2a bottom, mix with coal particulate, solvent, catalyzer etc., under high-temperature high-pressure state, carry out liquidation of coal.
Liquidation of coal in the present embodiment has the identical effect with above-mentioned the 1st embodiment basically, can obtain same effect, but as mentioned above owing to thermal neutron irradiating unit 5 in the pile core configuration, with be configured in that guard shield 2b goes up or compare near the occasion of its periphery configuration, therefore can there be the thermal neutron more than 3 times to shine, shortening heat neutron irradiation time significantly.
(the 7th embodiment)
Present embodiment is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is characterized in that in the described nuclear power generation of the 1st embodiment system the high-temperature gas cooled nuclear power generation system of helium as cooling material, the standpipe 71 of movable tamper zone in atomic reaction core pressure vessel 68 or fixation reflex body region assembled configuration thermal neutron irradiation usefulness, its profile are made identical with movable tamper 69 or fixation reflex body 70.Promptly, as shown in figure 10, by the nozzle bore that is arranged on pressurized vessel 68 upper and lowers, thermal neutron irradiation standpipe 71 is installed, with delivering gas inside is included the artificial radioisotope and generate the graphite system media-filled of usefulness particles of material in thermal neutron irradiation usefulness standpipe 71, and thermal neutron shone this graphite system carrier, generate short artificial radioelement of transformation period, be transported to slurry configured slot 12 then, mix with coal particulate, solvent, catalyzer etc., under high-temperature high-pressure state, carry out liquidation of coal.
Present embodiment as shown in figure 10, its structure is that thermal neutron irradiation is assembled in the interior movable tamper zone (or fixation reflex body region) of atomic reaction core pressure vessel 68 with standpipe 71.By delivering gas injection pump 72 delivering gas in the delivering gas storage tank 6 is injected into carrier charging apparatus 73, the artificial radioisotope is equipped with in inside generates graphite system carrier with particles of material, by the carrier charging apparatus artificial radioisotope is contained in inside and generate graphite system carrier with particles of material and be transported to thermal neutron and shine in the usefulness standpipe 71.
Liquidation of coal in the present embodiment has the identical effect with above-mentioned the 1st embodiment basically, can obtain same effect.
(the 8th embodiment)
Present embodiment is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, its additional being characterised in that in above-mentioned the 1st embodiment and the described nuclear power generation of the 7th embodiment system, in the outside of atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a or 68, adorning the coal slurry material shunting circulation pipe arrangement of drawing, remove thermal neutron irradiating unit 5,5b or thermal neutron irradiation with standpipe 71 from coal slurry material Preparation tank 12 between itself and shielding 2c or a biological shielding wall.To be mixed behind the importing coal slurry material Preparation tanks 12 such as coal particulate, solvent, catalyzer, with part of coal slurry shunting and import the above-mentioned outside that is configured in atomic reaction core pressure vessel 2a or 68, its with shielding 2c or biological shielding wall between the circulation pipe arrangement in back irradiating gamma-ray, under high-temperature high-pressure state, carry out liquidation of coal.
Liquidation of coal in the present embodiment has and the 1st embodiment or the identical effect of the 7th embodiment basically, can obtain identical effect.But carry out the coal slurry material and prepare because the coal slurry material is directly imported the outside of atomic reaction core pressure vessel and irradiating gamma-ray ground, can accept the thermal neutron irradiation simultaneously, make the element that is included in the coal slurry material carry out the nucleic conversion, might generate long-life artificial radioelement, thereby even the nucleic conversion takes place, irradiation time still can be got radiation dose is limited to time below the natural quantity of X-rays X.Owing to do not need the radiation exposure equipment of the radioisotopic equipment of manufacture of intraocular and these equipment of use, thereby the structure of system has just been simplified.And, even, also can make the indiffusible countermeasure of this accident because of initiation fire accident in the combustiblematerials input reactor storing containers.
(the 9th embodiment)
Present embodiment is to take in the liquidation of coal mechanical means 14 of the 1st embodiment, replaces hydrogen storage tank 15, apparatus for electrolyzing 30 is set instead, and the mode of the hydrogen made from night electricity is provided.
Figure 11 is the schematic configuration skeleton diagram of the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression present embodiment.Wherein the structure of Cai Yonging is to be provided with: replaced the apparatus for electrolyzing 30 of the hydrogen storage tank 15 of the 1st embodiment, pure water supplied with water supply path 31, and the oxygen storage tank 32 that the oxygen that electrolysis produces is stored of above-mentioned apparatus for electrolyzing 30.Also promptly, the mode that present embodiment adopts is, pure water is fed to apparatus for electrolyzing 30, with the electric power of nuclear power generation system generation pure water carried out electrolysis, and oxygen is stored in 32 li of oxygen storage tanks.On the other hand, hydrogen is supplied with liquefaction reaction device 17.Though apparatus for electrolyzing 30 is devices of general use alkaline aqueous electrolyte (conversion efficiency is 60～80%), also can be to use the mode of solid polymer membrane.
Present embodiment also has and above-mentioned the 1st embodiment or the essentially identical action effect of the 7th embodiment, also has following adjection effect in addition.
Promptly, since the electric power requirement at night be daytime during the peak electric power requirement about 60%, can utilize remaining electric power (be the electric power that produces night 40%) to obtain hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen is wherein supplied with liquefaction reaction device 17 carry out liquidation of coal, thereby can improve the running efficiency of nuclear power generation system.Because be the night electricity that utilizes above-mentioned nuclear power generation system 1, with apparatus for electrolyzing 30 manufacturing hydrogen and offer liquidation of coal reaction unit 17, thereby can make the load normalizing of nuclear power generation system 1.Because just need not storing, the hydrogen that makes with electrolysis can be used for liquidation of coal, so do not need to be used to store the equipment of a large amount of hydrogen at once.
(the 10th embodiment)
The nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of present embodiment is that the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means with above-mentioned the 9th embodiment is as the basis, adopt such structure simultaneously, promptly set up blending agent system 85, refrigerant manufacturing system 86, deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system 34, store vaporization heat exchange mechanism 35, generate gas power generation system 36 etc.
Figure 12 is the skeleton diagram of schematic configuration of the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression present embodiment.At this moment the structure of Cai Yonging is, blending agent system 85, the refrigerant manufacturing system 86 of the turbine that the discharged steam (steam of perhaps bleeding) of the generating water turbine 3 of nuclear power generation system 1 is used, utilizes deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system 34 that the heat of gasification of this refrigerant manufacturing system 86 removes the compressor thermal value etc. and generates gas power generation system 36 and be connected.
Figure 13 be expression among Figure 12 blending agent system 85 and the detailed skeleton diagram of refrigerant manufacturing system 86.The middle concentration blending agent that has pressurizeed with force (forcing) pump 93 carries out heat exchange and is heated at the lower concentration blending agent liquid of heat exchanger 99 and middle pressure separating machine 89, and then at the condenser 4 of nuclear power generation system 1, heated by the waste gas of water turbine 3 (perhaps bleeding), and import to high-pressure separator 88, be separated into the blending agent steam of high density and the blending agent liquid of lower concentration, after the blending agent steam branch with high density, direct into blending agent turbine 87, with its driving, make coaxial bonded engine 94 generatings, remaining high density blending agent steam after the branch is imported to condenser 92, here the middle concentration blending agent liquid of process force (forcing) pump 93 pressurizations is carried out heat exchange by by-passing portions and deep layer Mare Frigoris water 95, be cooled into phlegma, in expansion valve 96 adiabatic expansions of condensing agent manufacturing system 86 and become refrigerant, after carrying out heat exchange, deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system 34 revert to 97 li of the resorbers of refrigerant manufacturing system 86, the lower concentration blending agent liquid that is generated by high-pressure separator 88 imports to MP (medium pressure) separator 89 through reducing valve 98, be separated into high density blending agent steam and lower concentration blending agent liquid, the blending agent steam of high density is imported the stage casing of blending agent turbine 87, its driving is generated electricity, on the other hand, the middle concentration blending agent liquid that lower concentration blending agent liquid pressurizes at heat exchanger 99 and process force (forcing) pump 93 carries out heat exchange and is cooled, be branched after throttling valve 100 is directed to resorber 90, with be directed to condenser 91 after the waste gas blended absorbent of blending agent turbine 87, carry out heat exchange with deep layer Mare Frigoris water 95 and be cooled into phlegma, separate by MP (medium pressure) separator 89, all the other lower concentration blending agent liquid of ramose pass through the throttling valve 101 of refrigerant manufacturing systems 86 and import to resorber 97, import to condenser 102 after the high density blending agent that carried out heat exchange at deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system being absorbed here, carry out becoming phlegma after the heat exchange with deep layer Mare Frigoris water 95, this blending agent liquid and condenser 91 in blending agent system 85 form the inlet side that imports to force (forcing) pump 93 behind the blending agent liquid interflow of phlegmas, after blending agent liquid branch through force (forcing) pump 93 pressurizations, carry out heat exchange and heat at phlegma 92, rest part after the branch with carry out being heated after the heat exchange at heat exchanger 89 by MP (medium pressure) separator 89 isolating lower concentration blending agent liquid, with shunting once more behind these warmed-up blending agent liquid interflow, a part imports MP (medium pressure) separator 89 through reducing valve 103, and rest part is directed to the condenser of nuclear power generation system 1 and is heated.
High density blending agent by condenser 92 condensations of blending agent system 85 becomes refrigerant through expansion valve 96 adiabatic expansions, carry out heat exchange and be heated, return at deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system 34, import to resorber 97, carry out heat exchange with deep layer Mare Frigoris water, be cooled into phlegma, this phlegma is directed to the inlet side of the force (forcing) pump 93 of blending agent system 85.
Figure 14 is the skeleton diagram of the details of the deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system 34 among expression Figure 12.The expansion valve 96 of refrigerant manufacturing system 86, resorber 97 and heat exchange system 112～115 are connected by thermal loop.Expansion turbine 118,119, Liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 38 and liquid oxygen storage tank 37 are connected by thermal loop through heat exchange system 116.The pump 129, heat exchanger 110,111 of storing vaporization heat transformation system 35 and heat exchange system 112～115 are connected by thermal loop.By compressor 104 with nitrogen pressure, at be cooled blending agent refrigerant that agent manufacturing system 86 generated and be stored in the coolant cools of storing 35 li storages of vaporization heat transformation system of heat exchange system 112, with refining plant 107 impurity is removed, carry out adiabatic expansion by expansion turbine 117, form liquid nitrogen, carry out heat exchange and form nitrogen in heat exchange system 116, by being recycled to compressor 104 after heat exchange system 114 coolings.The carbonic acid gas that processed gas power generation system 36 is generated imports to before the compressor 105, at heat exchanger 111, import to compressor 105 after the refrigerant of storing 35 li storages of vaporization heat transformation system cools off and pressurize with being stored in, storing vaporization heat transformation system 35 in heat exchanger 110 usefulness cools off with refrigerant, by refining plant 108 impurity is removed, carry out adiabatic expansion and form Liquid carbon dioxide with expansion turbine 118, after heat exchange system 116 is carried out heat exchange, be stored in 38 li of Liquid carbon dioxide storage tanks.
Before the oxygen that apparatus for electrolyzing 30 is generated imports to compressor 106, after the refrigerant of heat exchange system 115 usefulness refrigerant manufacturing systems 86 and storage vaporization heat transformation system 35 is cooled off, importing to compressor 106 pressurizes, refrigerant at heat exchange system 113 usefulness refrigerant manufacturing systems 86 and storage vaporization heat transformation system 35 is cooled off, remove impurity by refining plant 109, carry out adiabatic expansion and form liquid oxygen by expansion turbine 119, after carrying out heat exchange by heat exchange system 116, be stored in 37 li of liquid oxygen storage tanks.
Figure 15 is expression generation gas power generation system 36 shown in Figure 12, store the detailed skeleton diagram of vaporization heat transformation system 35.
The structure that generates gas power generation system 36 is made of burner 120, internal combustion turbine 121, waste heat boiler 122, water vapor turbine 123, condenser 124, heat exchanger 125 etc.The force (forcing) pump 93 of condenser 124 and heat exchanger 125, blending agent system 85, high-pressure separator 88 etc. are connected by thermal loop.Be transported to burner 120 from the generation gas that generates gas storage tank 20.The heat exchanger 111 of heat exchanger 125 and deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system 34 is connected by thermal loop, carries the waste gas that is made of water vapour and carbonic acid gas.
The structure of storing vaporization heat transformation system 35 is made of force (forcing) pump 126,127, heat exchanger 128, pump 129,130, cryogenic coolant storage tank 131 and high temperature coolant storage tank 132 etc.Liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 38 and force (forcing) pump 127, liquid oxygen storage tank 37 and force (forcing) pump 126 are connected by hot channel.Liquid carbon dioxide, liquid oxygen pipe arrangement through over-heat-exchanger 128 are connected with the burner 120 that generates gas power generation system 36.The liquid oxygen of liquid oxygen storage tank 37, Liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 38, Liquid carbon dioxide carry out heat exchange by force (forcing) pump 126,127 pressurizations at heat exchanger 128 and petrogas refrigerant, form high pressure gas and import to 120 li of burners.After by pump 129 the petrogas coolant feed being carried out heat exchange in the heat exchange system of deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system 34, turn back to 132 li of high temperature coolant storage tanks.
Below, the effect of the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of present embodiment is described, wherein, omitted part same as the previously described embodiments.
Needing electric power more daytime, import to 120 li of burners that generate gas power generation system 36 with being stored in the generation gas that generates 20 li of gas storage tanks, make after the liquid oxygen and Liquid carbon dioxide heating and gasifying that is stored in 38 li of liquid oxygen storage tank 37 and Liquid carbon dioxide storage tanks respectively by storing vaporization heat transformation system 35, import to 120 li of said burner, make its burning.The exhaust gas driven of this burner 120 combustion turbine 121 makes the generator revolution and generates electricity.And the waste gas of above-mentioned combustion turbine 121 after producing water vapour, drives the water vapor turbine 123 of generating usefulness by heat recovery boiler 122 effects with this water vapour.The waste gas of water vapor turbine 123 is after the middle concentration blending agent that the condenser 124 and the force (forcing) pump 93 of blending agent system 85 are carried carries out heat exchange, form water of condensation, import to heat recovery boiler 122, carry out forming water vapor after the heat exchange with the waste gas that fires turbine 121.After this, the heat exchanger 111 that imports to deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system 34 at the waste gas of heat recovery boiler 122 after heat exchanger 125 carries out heat exchange, carbonic acid gas after this dehumidifying is stored in 38 li of Liquid carbon dioxide storage tanks through compressor 105, heat exchanger 110, refining plant 108, expansion turbine 118, heat exchange system 116 after being liquefied.The middle concentration blending agent of carrying at the heat exchanger 125 and the force (forcing) pump 93 of blending agent system 85 carries out heat exchange and is heated.The high-pressure separator 88 that is transported to blending agent system 85 by heat exchanger 125 and condenser 124 warmed-up middle concentration blending agents, it is separated into high density blending agent steam and lower concentration blending agent liquid, generates electricity with high density blending agent steam driven blending agent turbine 87.
Need electric power more after a little while at night, by apparatus for electrolyzing 30 with the pure water electrolysis, make oxygen and hydrogen, oxygen delivery is wherein arrived the heat exchange system of deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquefaction system 34, after being liquefied through compressor 106, heat exchange system 113, refining plant 109, expansion turbine 119, heat exchange system 116 successively, be stored to 37 li of liquid oxygen storage tanks, on the other hand, hydrogen is fed to liquidation of coal reaction unit 17, carries out liquidation of coal.
Present embodiment can have the same action effect with above-mentioned the 9th embodiment basically, also has following adjection effect in addition.
With the needs that the coal of the electric power at night and thermal neutron manufacturing generates gas, the hydrogen that made by water electrolysis satisfies the peak of power consumption on daytime, can make the load normalizing of nuclear power generation system.And by coal generation gas is burnt in oxygen, carbonic acid gas is used as rare gas element, just can constitute combustion gases thus with carbonic acid gas and water vapour, from combustion gases, carbonic acid gas is removed easily.
The blending agent system and the refrigerant manufacturing system of the end circulation (ボ ト ミ Application グ サ ィ Network Le) by being provided as the nuclear power generation system, the energy recovery that reactor can be produced can improve thermo-efficiency to lesser temps, reduces heat exhaust.And can make refrigerant with nuclear power at night, and can this refrigerant be used for the liquefaction recovery that oxygen liquefied, was used for by day carbonic acid gas at night, therefore can make load normalizing, can carry out the recovery of carbonic acid gas.
(the 11st embodiment)
Present embodiment is the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is to adopt such structure, promptly based on the structure of above-mentioned the 10th embodiment, replace and generate gas power generation system 36, form the identical residue gasification power generation system 44 of structure, set up residue vapourizing furnace 43, replace generation gas, and residue gas is supplied with residue gasification power generation system 44.
Figure 16 is the skeleton diagram of the nuclear power generation system schematic configuration of setting up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of expression present embodiment.The structure that this embodiment adopts is that blending agent system 85, refrigerant manufacturing system 86, deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquid body 34, residue vapourizing furnace 43 etc. are connected with residue gasification power generation system 44, above-mentioned blending agent system 85 the use atomic energy discharge of generating water steam turbines 3 of power generation system 1 or the steam of extraction; Above-mentioned deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquid body 34 utilizes the vaporization heat of refrigerant manufacturing system 86 that the thermal value of compressor is got rid of.
And, with the oxygen delivery that makes by electrolysis in the apparatus for electrolyzing 30 to deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquid body 34, here after the liquefaction, with liquid oxygen storage 37 li of liquid oxygen storage tanks.On the other hand, storing residue, the liquid oxygen of liquid oxygen storage tank 37 outputs and the Liquid carbon dioxide difference heating and gasifying of exporting from Liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 38 that vaporization heat mapping device 35 is exported residue storage tank 45, be fed to residue vapourizing furnace 43 respectively, and after this residue vapourizing furnace generates residue gas, this residue gas imported to 120 li of the burners of residue gasification power generation system 44, simultaneously the liquid oxygen and the Liquid carbon dioxide that have been gasified by above-mentioned storage vaporization heat mapping device 35 are imported to burner 120 with other route.Burn.
The combustion turbine 121 of the combustion gases drive generating usefulness that is formed by burner 120 on the other hand, reclaims its used heat with heat recovery boiler 122, produces water vapour, drives generating water steam turbines 123 thus.The waste gas that carried out heat exchange at heat recovery boiler 122 is directed to heat exchanger 125, and the middle concentration blending agent that pressurizeed with force (forcing) pump 93 by blending agent system 85 carries out heat exchange.The waste gas that imports deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquid body 34 from heat exchanger 125 is made of water vapour and carbonic acid gas, become Liquid carbon dioxide after the heat exchanger 111,110 of process deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquid body 34, compressor 105, refining plant 108, expansion turbine 118, the heat exchange system 116 successively, be stored in 38 li of Liquid carbon dioxide storage tanks.
Below, the use of the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means of present embodiment is described, wherein omitted and above-mentioned the 10th embodiment common part.
When needing electric power many by day, the residue of residue storage tank 45 is supplied with residue vapourizing furnace 43, also be fed to 43 li of residue vapourizing furnaces after vaporization heat mapping device 35 gasifies the Liquid carbon dioxide of the liquid oxygen of liquid oxygen storage tank 37 and Liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 38 heating (pressurization), make residue gas thus with storing.At this moment, the residue gas that generates is imported to the burner 120 of residue gasification power generation system 44, on the other hand, with storing vaporization heat mapping device 35 liquid oxygen of liquid oxygen storage tank 37 outputs and Liquid carbon dioxide heating (pressurization) the gasification back of Liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 38 outputs are imported burner 120, burn, with this combustion gases drive combustion turbine 121, generate electricity.
Also reclaim the used heat of said burner 120, reclaim used heat with this and produce water vapour, drive water vapor turbine 123, generate electricity with heat recovery boiler 122.With the waste gas delivery heat exchanger 125 of waste gas recovery boiler 122, the middle concentration blending agent that pressurizeed with force (forcing) pump 93 with blending agent system 85 carries out heat exchange.The waste gas of discharging after heat exchanger 125 adds heat exchange is made of water vapour and carbonic acid gas, this waste gas is imported the heat exchanger 111 of deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquid body 34, through becoming Liquid carbon dioxide after compressor 105, heat exchanger 110, refining plant 108, expansion turbine 118, the heat exchange system 116, be stored in 38 li of Liquid carbon dioxide storage tanks successively.
Need electric power after a little while at night, carry out electrolysis with 30 pairs of pure water of apparatus for electrolyzing, make oxygen and hydrogen, oxygen is wherein imported the heat exchange system 115 of deep cooling formula carbonic acid gas oxygen liquid body 34, become liquid oxygen through compressor 106, heat exchange system 113, refining plant 109, expansion turbine 119, heat exchange system 116 successively, be stored in 37 li of liquefied oxygen storage tanks.On the other hand, hydrogen is supplied with liquidation of coal reaction unit 17, be used for liquidation of coal.
Present embodiment can be obtained the same action effect with above-mentioned the 10th embodiment basically, but also has following additional effect.
Because residue that produced and that stored gasified, carries out satisfying the residue gasifying electricity generation of peak of power consumption needs on daytime when the electrolysis of water oxygen that obtain and that is stored carried out liquidation of coal with the electric power at night and thermal neutron, thereby helped the load normalizing of nuclear power generation system 1.Because in the oxygen combustion of residue processed gas, carbonic acid gas is used as rare gas element,, just can from waste gas, easily carbonic acid gas be removed again by liquefaction so the waste gas of combustion gases just is made of carbonic acid gas and water vapour.

Claims (18)

1. method of liquefying coal is characterized in that having following operation:
With thermal neutron irradiation generate radioisotopic material, the operation of the artificial radioelement of generation and coal fine-powder, solvent and catalyst mix, preparation coal slurry material;
With above-mentioned coal slurry material heating, carry out the operation of the decomposition liquefaction of coal; And
Go out the operation of liquidation of coal thing from the pulp separation that contains above-mentioned resolvent and resultant.
2. method of liquefying coal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
At least a radio isotope that is used as that trace adds among natural element Al, Si, Ti, V and the Mn generates material.
3. method of liquefying coal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Radio isotope generates material through separation of isotopes 30Si, 50Ti, 54Cr, 64Ni, 65Cu and 68At least a among the Zn.
4. as any described method of liquefying coal in the claim 1～3, it is characterized in that:
Thermal neutron irradiation radio isotope generates the irradiation time of material, is the time span of transformation period of the artificial radioelement that generates, and after above-mentioned thermal neutron irradiation, is used for the preparation of coal slurry material in the time of transformation period below 1/10.
5. set up the nuclear power generation system of liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is characterized in that being provided with:
Nuclear power generation system with thermal neutron irradiating unit, above-mentioned thermal neutron irradiating unit is used for radio isotope generated and shines thermal neutron with material, make it generate the artificial radioisotope, it is inner or outside with the atomic reaction core pressure vessel of steam that above-mentioned thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the revolution of generation generating turbine;
The artificial radioisotope of above-mentioned generation is mixed the coal slurry material Preparation tank of preparation coal slurry material with coal dust end, solvent, catalyzer;
Coal slurry material by above-mentioned coal slurry material Preparation tank preparation is heated the liquefaction reaction device of liquefaction reaction; With
With the isolating decomposition reaction resultant of the decomposition reaction resultant tripping device in the above-mentioned liquefaction reaction device.
6. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the profile of thermal neutron irradiating unit is identical with the outer shape of the stove heart fuel of nuclear power generation system, and it is arranged on stove heart zone.
7. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the guard shield inside in the atomic reaction core pressure vessel.
8. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the outside of atomic reaction core pressure vessel, the inboard of screen layer.
9. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the atomic reaction core pressure vessel or outward, this reactor is used for producing reactor turbine revolution high temperature and high pressure gas.
10. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the interior movable tamper zone of atomic reaction core pressure vessel.
11. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: the thermal neutron irradiating unit is configured in the interior fixation reflex body region of atomic reaction core pressure vessel.
12. as claim 5 or the 9 described nuclear power generation systems that set up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is characterized in that: it is to make the coal slurry material of coal slurry material Preparation tank in the circulation of the atomic reaction core pressure vessel outside, carries out the irradiation of radioactive rays.
13. as claim 5 or the 9 described nuclear power generation systems that set up the liquidation of coal mechanical means, it is characterized in that: it is that the artificial radioisotope is generated the particulate of using material, in the graphite system of the being filled in carrier, be sent to the thermal neutron irradiating unit, carry at high speed from thermal neutron irradiating unit output graphite system carrier with gas, with its importing coal slurry material Preparation tank.
14. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that: be provided with at coal slurry material Preparation tank inlet side with the freezing crushing device of graphite system carrier fragmentation with only the artificial radioisotope is generated the tripping device that imports coal slurry material Preparation tank with the particulate of material.
15. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: generate additional ferromagnetism body tunicle on the part of microparticle surfaces of material the artificial radioisotope of the graphite system of being filled to carrier.
16. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that: iron, nickel are generated with the ferromagnetism body tunicle on the part of the microparticle surfaces of material as being coated on the artificial radioisotope.
17. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that: be provided with the device that utilizes magnetic recovery artificial radioisotope particulate between coal slurry material Preparation tank and liquefaction reaction device.
18. the nuclear power generation system that sets up the liquidation of coal mechanical means as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that: it is that the artificial radioisotope's particulate that will retrieve is filled in the graphite system carrier, the thermal neutron irradiating unit of packing into generates the artificial radioisotope.
CNB991203097A 1998-09-17 1999-09-17 Atomic energy generating system set with coal liquifying mechanical equipment Expired - Fee Related CN1183223C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP263543/1998 1998-09-17
JP10263543A JP2000087044A (en) 1998-09-17 1998-09-17 Coal liquefaction and nuclear power system/coal liquefaction plant combination

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1255529A true CN1255529A (en) 2000-06-07
CN1183223C CN1183223C (en) 2005-01-05

Family

ID=17391010

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB991203097A Expired - Fee Related CN1183223C (en) 1998-09-17 1999-09-17 Atomic energy generating system set with coal liquifying mechanical equipment

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2000087044A (en)
CN (1) CN1183223C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102888237A (en) * 2012-09-17 2013-01-23 上海大学 Electron beam irradiation method for coal electrolysis hydrogenation liquefaction pretreatment
CN103069500A (en) * 2010-03-10 2013-04-24 南非核能有限公司 Method of producing radionuclides

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101382024B1 (en) 2012-06-27 2014-04-14 오씨아이 주식회사 Method for preparing coal pitch using coal slurry pretreated by microwave

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103069500A (en) * 2010-03-10 2013-04-24 南非核能有限公司 Method of producing radionuclides
CN103069500B (en) * 2010-03-10 2016-10-12 南非核能有限公司 The method producing radionuclide
CN102888237A (en) * 2012-09-17 2013-01-23 上海大学 Electron beam irradiation method for coal electrolysis hydrogenation liquefaction pretreatment
CN102888237B (en) * 2012-09-17 2014-10-15 上海大学 Electron beam irradiation method for coal electrolysis hydrogenation liquefaction pretreatment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1183223C (en) 2005-01-05
JP2000087044A (en) 2000-03-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20090000184A1 (en) Method of processing bio-mass matter into renewable fluid fuels (synthetic diesel)
CN1052759C (en) Fast quench reactor and method
CN1276787C (en) Apparatus and method for cleaning acidic gas
CN1064170C (en) Energy amplifier for "clean" nuclear energy production driven by particle beam accelerator
CN1195818C (en) Method and equipment for treating waste matter
CN1377297A (en) Apparatus and methods for the production of powders
EP2096158A1 (en) Apparatus and process for production of liquid fuel from biomass
WO2011139181A1 (en) Method for the pseudo-detonated gasification of coal slurry in a combined cycle
CN1446121A (en) Over-unity production of clean new energies by recycling contaminated liquid waste
WO2006026046A1 (en) Method and apparatus for a coal gasifier
CN1362393A (en) Method and apparatus for prparing methanol using biomass material
CN103765986B (en) Plasma arc furnace and application
CN101395254A (en) Method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas from waste materials
KR102173600B1 (en) Methods of fabricating metallic fuel from surplus plutonium
CN1066186C (en) Method for producing hydrogen-carbon monoxide mixed gas, and apparatus thereof
CN1823016A (en) Thermal waste recycling system and method and application thereof in the treatment of high-water-content waste
CN1082607C (en) Steam generator and steam turbine driving unit for use gaseous propellant, especially hydrogen
CN1183223C (en) Atomic energy generating system set with coal liquifying mechanical equipment
CN104137189A (en) Graphite thermal decontamination with reducing gases
CN1221446A (en) Coal gasification apparatus, coal gasification method and integrated coal gasification combined power generating system
CN1205744A (en) Prodn. of metal such as aluminium, magnesium, silicon and like from metal oxide compounds
US8754001B2 (en) Self sustained system for sorbent production
TW201319242A (en) Device and process to feed renewable fuels into the area of the radiant boiler casing in gasification reactors
CN1891619A (en) Syngas turbine
CN105745402B (en) The method that energy carrier in cyclic process by reclaiming heat engine carries out energy conversion

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C19 Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee