CN1254390C

CN1254390C - Vehicle damper

Info

Publication number: CN1254390C
Application number: CNB011324031A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高柳真二; 箕轮昌启; 伊藤政治; 清水克实; 小野寺和人; 佐藤桂二; 铃木章司
Original assignee: Honda Motor Co Ltd; Showa Electric Wire and Cable Co
Current assignee: Honda Motor Co Ltd; SWCC Corp
Priority date: 2000-09-12
Filing date: 2001-08-30
Publication date: 2006-05-03
Anticipated expiration: 2021-08-30
Also published as: JP2002089604A; TW508327B; CN1343577A; KR20020021057A

Abstract

A damper device comprises an outer shell 4, a piston rod 3 capable of reciprocation along the length of the outer shell 4 with the tip inserted in the outer shell 4, a coil spring 7 disposed about the periphery of the outer shell 4 to exert resilience in the direction to pull the piston rod 3 out of the outer shell 4, an inner shell 8 connectedly fixed to the tip of the piston rod 3 and housed in the outer shell 4 so as to reciprocate integrally with the piston rod 3 along the length of the outer shell 4 in the outer shell 4, and a viscoelastic rubber layer 9 arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell and adhesively fixed the the inner surface thereof to the outer surface of the inner shell and the the outer surface thereof the inner surface of the outer shell 4. Compared with an oil damper, manufacturing costs of the vehicular damper device can be reduced according to the invention.

Description

Vehicle damper

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle damper that is contained in vehicle hanging (suspension) etc., it is used to absorb impact shock.

Background technology

Be used in suspension the constituting in vehicle or the motor bike by coil spring and oil snubber (oil damper).The impact shock that coil spring has the vehicle weight of bearing and reduces to be caused by the road surfaces projection to chaufeur and passenger.Because it is less that the elastic constant of spring coil is made, the feeling of driving becomes soft, but but needs long stroke for energy absorbing.So, absorb this vibrational energy with oil snubber, make the length variations of suspension less, and damped vibration at short notice.

In a word, provide the oil snubber of good driving sensation have shock absorber be easy to direction at compression coil spring move and shrink and on the direction at extension coil spring shock absorber have the characteristic of stronger resistance.That is, oil snubber act as and makes compressed coil spring slowly reply its virgin state, and therefore cushions helical spring spring, vibrates with effective attenuation.

In this structure, above-mentioned conventional art comprises the following problem to be solved that has:

Fig. 2 illustrates traditional oil snubber.The right side of line of centers is a front elevation among Fig. 2, and the left side of line of centers is the longitudinal diagram that line of centers right side part is shown.

As shown in the figure, the oil snubber at both ends all has articulated joint 10A and 10B.Rubber gasket 11 embeds in the perforation of articulated joint 10A.In addition, articulated joint 10A is connected on the piston rod 13 in its lower end.Yielding rubber 12 is installed in the middle part of piston rod 13.The front end of piston rod 13 inserts body skin 16 inboards that are connected on the articulated joint 10B.The inboard of this body skin 16 comprises oil seal 14, supporting base 15, piston 17, oil cylinder 18, hydraulic oil 19 and bottom valve 20 at given position.

Articulated joint 10A is fixed on the axletree of unshowned motor bike in the drawings via rubber gasket 11.Articulated joint 10B is fixed on the front fork of unshowned motor bike in the same manner described above.Piston 17 is fixed and to the pressurization of oil cylinder 18 in-to-in hydraulic oil 19 at the front end of piston rod 13.Supporting base 15 is the bearing at the terminal supporting piston bar 13 of oil cylinder 18.Oil seal 14 act as the hydraulic oil sealing and remains in the oil cylinder 18.Bottom valve 20 has the effect of decay compressive force.That is, when compression force was on shock absorber, bottom valve 20 was pushed upwardly, and then compressed hydraulic oil 19.When the orifice flow of hydraulic oil between bottom valve 20 and oil cylinder 18 inwalls gone into space between body skin 16 and the oil cylinder 18, this resistance to flow had reduced the power at compression direction.

The motion that above-mentioned oil snubber dwindles for the distance between articulated joint 10A and the 10B responds and lightly along with motion, with compression coil spring 21.On the contrary, 19 pairs in hydraulic oil is extended by the bounce-back of coil spring 21, and the motion of distance provides resistance between articulated joint 10A and the 10B.That is, pass the resistance that the aperture that is arranged in piston 17 (not shown) produces by hydraulic oil 19 and play the effect that compressed coil spring 17 is replied from confined state lentamente, thereby and reduced the spring of coil spring 21.

Yet in order to produce above-mentioned characteristic, so the oil snubber of structure need be provided by the complex mechanism of hydraulic oil 19 runners that provided by piston 17.In addition, because the part of this mechanism needs high dimension precision, the problem of existence is to be difficult to cut down its tooling cost.

Summary of the invention

In order to address the above problem, the present invention adopts following element and structure:

＜structure 1 〉

A kind of vehicle damper comprises:

Body skin;

The front end of piston rod, piston rod inserts in the body skin, and on the length direction of body skin crank motion;

Around the coil spring of body skin periphery location, its direction of extracting out from body skin at piston rod has rebound function;

Connect and be fixed to the front end of piston rod and be received within inner housing in the body skin, wherein inner housing and piston rod crank motion on the body skin length direction in body skin together; And

Be arranged on the visoelasticity rubber layer between inner housing and the body skin, wherein, the inside face of this layer and the outside face of inner housing connect airtight, and the inside face of the outside face of this layer and body skin connects airtight and fixing,

Described visoelasticity rubber layer connects airtight with body skin and inner housing.

＜structure 2 〉

Vehicle damper according to structure 1, wherein, the visoelasticity rubber layer also is included in the tapering of piston rod end, and wherein the interior perimeter surface of this layer and the outer surface of inner housing connect airtight, and the external diameter in tapering enlarges gradually at length direction, finally arrives the inside face of body skin.

＜structure 3 〉

Vehicle damper according to structure 1, also comprise inner housing, end at inner housing has been fixed the piston rod that passes supporting base, and has fixed the angle hoop (corner tag) that embeds in the body skin at its other end, and wherein inner housing is supported and crank motion by the body skin axial region.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 illustrates a concrete example of vehicle damper of the present invention.Line of centers right side among Fig. 1 is a front elevation, and the line of centers left side is for illustrating the longitudinal diagram of line of centers right side part;

Fig. 2 illustrates traditional oil snubber.Line of centers right side among Fig. 2 is a front elevation, and the line of centers left side is for illustrating the longitudinal diagram of line of centers right side part;

Fig. 3 is the longitudinal diagram that is shown specifically vehicle damper of the present invention;

Fig. 4 a is the part sectional view of articulated joint 1A and piston rod 3; Fig. 4 b is the longitudinal diagram of yielding rubber 2; Fig. 4 c is the longitudinal diagram of supporting base 30;

Fig. 5 a illustrates the longitudinal diagram of the part that comprises body skin 4, inner housing 8 and visoelasticity rubber layer 9; Fig. 5 b is the longitudinal diagram of angle hoop 40; Fig. 5 c is the longitudinal diagram of block 6; Fig. 5 d is the longitudinal diagram of shock absorber lid 5;

Fig. 6 is the longitudinal diagram with visoelasticity rubber layer 9 alterations of form shown in the section of the position of the inner housing 8 of correspondence in body skin 4;

Fig. 7 shows the characteristic of vehicle damper of the present invention.Fig. 7 a is the relation curve that antagonistic force and deformation rate when vehicle damper is compressed and stretch are shown; Fig. 7 b is illustrated in this device to compress the back by in the process of antagonistic force to its stretching to certainty ratio, the load of this device and the relation curve of distortion; Fig. 7 c is a scheme drawing of explaining the vehicle hanging function.

The specific embodiment

Below, will embodiments of the invention be described based on the concrete example of the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows a concrete example of vehicle damper of the present invention.Line of centers right side among Fig. 1 is a front elevation, and the line of centers left side is for illustrating the longitudinal diagram of line of centers right side part.

In the figure, the outward appearance of the vehicle damper of being drawn is identical with the traditional oils shock absorber shown in Fig. 2.Vehicle damper of the present invention can be used as the substitute of traditional shock attenuation unit.Articulated

joint

1A and 1B with Fig. 2 in the articulated joint 10A mode identical with 10B be respectively fixed on the axletree and fork part (not shown) of motor bike.

Piston rod 3 links to each other with articulated joint 1A.Yielding rubber 2 embeds in the piston rod 3.The front end of piston rod 3 is inserted into the inside of the body skin 4 that links to each other with articulated joint 1B.The inside of body skin 4 comprises supporting base 30, inner housing 8, visoelasticity rubber layer 9, angle hoop (hardware) 40 etc. at given position.As mentioned above, vehicle shock absorber of the present invention constitutes by the mechanics that comprises piston 17 and hydraulic oil 19 (shown in Figure 2) that substitutes the traditional oils shock absorber with visoelasticity rubber layer 9, thereby and realizes and traditional shock absorber identical functions.

Fig. 3 is the longitudinal diagram that is shown specifically shock attenuation unit of the present invention.

Articulated joint 1A shown in the figure and piston rod 3 become one.The front end of piston rod 3 inserts the inside of body skin 4.Coil spring 7 compresses along with the crank motion of piston rod 3 and stretches, and always provides the power that makes piston rod 3 turn back to quiescent center position, top.Block 6 is threaded onto on the periphery of body skin 4, and fixing downwards so that coil spring 7 is upwards reached with the collaborative sealing of articulated joint 1A, thereby keeps coil spring 7 to be in the proper compression state.In order to reduce the impact that collision caused between the supporting base 30 and articulated joint 1A when piston rod 3 arrives the bottom quiescent center, be provided with yielding rubber 2.Said structure is identical with the structure of traditional oils shock absorber among Fig. 2.

As shown in Figure 3, the front end of piston rod 3 is screwed in the axis hole of inner housing 8 and is fixing.Owing to this reason, shown in Fig. 4 a, process convex thread at the front end of piston rod 3.Yielding rubber 2 shown in Fig. 4 b has the axis hole 2A that passes piston rod 3, and fixes around the periphery of piston rod 3.

As shown in Figure 3, supporting base 30 is screwed into and is fixed on the top of body skin 4, and piston rod 3 passes the axis hole of supporting base 30, and its front end inserts the inside of body skin 4.Shown in Fig. 4 c, supporting base 30 constitutes by supporting base 30 is fixed between sleeve 31 and the grommet 33, and the axis hole support piston bar 3 of oil-containing metal piece (oilmetal) 32 slides up and down to allow it smooth-goingly.Bolt 34 is secured together grommet 33 and sleeve 31.In addition, rubber cradle 35 and packing ring 36 are fixed on the lower surface of sleeve 31.Rubber cradle 35 and packing ring 36 are set for minimizing by the impact that collision caused between inner housing 8 and the supporting base 30, and wherein inner housing 8 moves up and down in body skin 4.

Supporting base 30 is threaded onto the top of body skin 4 with fixing.On the other hand, hoop 40 lower thread from inner housing 8 in angle are connected to the axis hole of inner housing 8 (as shown in Figure 3).Angle hoop 40 embeds the inboard of body skin 4 under the state that this angle hoop can slide therein.Piston rod 3 and inner housing 8 are set together, and move up and down in the inside of body skin 4.At this moment, piston rod 3 is remained on the axle center of body skin 4 by supporting base 30 and angle hoop 40.To such an extent as to itself inner housing 8 can not be remained on the axial location of body skin 4 though visoelasticity rubber layer 9 is too soft, but the axis hole of supporting base 30 and angle hoop 40 is guided inner housing 8 at vertical crank motion, and does not have lateral runout and mortar motion (taper or coning motion).

Fig. 5 a illustrates the longitudinal diagram of the part that comprises body skin 4, inner housing 8 and visoelasticity rubber layer 9; Fig. 5 b is the section-drawing of angle hoop 40; Fig. 5 c is the longitudinal diagram of block 6; Fig. 5 d is the longitudinal diagram of shock absorber lid 5.

As shown in the figure, visoelasticity rubber layer 9 is arranged between body skin 4 and the inner housing 8, and the interior perimeter surface of this layer 9 and the outside face of inner housing 8 connect airtight, and the inside face of the outer surface of this layer 9 and body skin 4 connects airtight and fixing.Visoelasticity rubber layer 9 is securely fixed between body skin 4 and the inner housing 8 by the bonding mode such as the sulfuration adhesive agent.In addition, there is shown the section-drawing of piston rod 3 (shown in Figure 1) when it arrives the top quiescent center.At this moment, visoelasticity rubber layer 9 is included in the tapering 9C of piston rod end, and wherein the periphery of the interior perimeter surface of this layer and inner housing 8 is connected airtight, and the external diameter in tapering is vertically enlarging gradually, and finally arrives the inside face of body skin 4.

The modulus of elasticity that it is desirable to be used for visoelasticity rubber of the present invention is enough to by itself keeping its shape, and has high as far as possible balanced attenuation constant value, this value representation fade performance.Visoelasticity rubber comprises the constituent of silicon-containing polymer as Main Ingredients and Appearance, and contains natural rubber and elastomeric high decay constituent as Main Ingredients and Appearance.Especially, being enough to by the modulus of elasticity that itself keeps its shape is 0.01Mpa or bigger.In this modulus during less than 0.01Mpa, because the shape of viscoelastic body is owing to the influence of gravity etc. the distortion of wearing out, the effect that the present invention will reach can not realize.In addition, preferably, be under ± 100% situation in shear deformation (deformation rate), balanced attenuation constant value is at least 5% or bigger.Under the situation of balanced attenuation constant value, will be difficult to realize damping of oscillations effect of the presently claimed invention less than described value.

In addition, the convex thread part 3A (shown in Figure 4) of piston rod 3 is screwed among the tapped bore 8B that the upper end of inner housing 8 makes.The convex thread part 43 of the angle hoop 40 shown in Fig. 5 b is screwed among the tapped bore 8C of inner housing 8 bottoms preparation.Angle hoop 40 cooperates (fixing) lining 42 and the grommet 44 of side is contacted inner housings 8 by the periphery around hoop (hardware) 41 and constitutes.Angle hoop 40 is used to prevent that inner housing 8 from waving in the inboard of body skin 4, as mentioned above.The periphery of lining 42 has the smooth surface that allows angle hoop 40 to move about contacting with the inside face of body skin 4 smooth-goingly.

Block 6 is threaded onto on the threaded portion 4A that forms on the outside face of body skin 4, and with the bottom (shown in Figure 3) of aforementioned manner support helix spring 7.Shock absorber lid 5 forms as one with articulated joint 1B, and plays the effect of the bottom of containment shell body 4, is fixed on the place, bottom of body skin 4 then.So promptly formed this mechanism, had below with the damping behavior of explaining.

Fig. 6 is the longitudinal diagram with visoelasticity rubber layer 9 alterations of form shown in the section of correspondence position of inner housing 8 in body skin 4.

As shown in the drawing, become under the situation of the state shown in Fig. 6 b from the state-transition shown in Fig. 6 a at visoelasticity rubber layer 9, the top of tapering 9C is compressed.Because tapering 9C is not bonded on the body skin 4, it is easily deformable relatively.That is, when visoelasticity rubber layer 9 by the power on the inner housing 8 of acting on when the state shown in Fig. 6 a is deformed to state shown in Fig. 6 b, a little less than the bounce-back of visoelasticity rubber layer 9.On the contrary, when this visoelasticity rubber layer during from the replying state shown in Fig. 6 b to the state shown in Fig. 6 a, shear stress is on visoelasticity rubber layer 9 as a whole.Visoelasticity rubber layer 9 produces friction force and slowly distortion as an integral body at shear direction.

Fig. 7 is the explanation to the characteristic of vehicle damper of the present invention.Fig. 7 a is the relation curve that antagonistic force and deformation rate when vehicle damper is compressed and stretch are shown; Fig. 7 b is illustrated in this device to compress the back by in the process of antagonistic force to its stretching to certainty ratio, the load of this device and the relation curve of distortion; Fig. 7 c is a scheme drawing of explaining the vehicle hanging function.

In a word, deformation rate is big more, and the antagonistic force that prevents its distortion that shock absorber produces is strong more.Shown in Fig. 7 a, even deformation rate is bigger in the compression set process, vehicle damper of the present invention also produces relatively little antagonistic force.On the contrary, because deformation rate is bigger in the stretching device process, that antagonistic force becomes is bigger.Under the situation that the load that is applied to by stopper rod 3 with the given deformation rate on the inner housing 8 increases, represented as curve P among Fig. 7 b, inner housing 8 self produces displacement.

The displacement of inner housing 8 when the straight line X among the figure represents only to use coil spring 7.In this case, offset variable is based on the angle that depends on coil spring 7 bulk compressibilitys and linear change.Shown in curve P, vehicle damper is adjusted to that its characteristic and coil spring 7 have slightly different when compression force is on vehicle damper.Shown in curve Q among Fig. 7 b, along with load reduces gradually to allow its stretching, inner housing 8 self produces displacement.That is, it act as its displacement of slow answer.If it is forced to higher rate and replys, then visoelasticity rubber layer 9 produces bounce-back to resist its restoring force.

The area of being represented by curve P and Q that retardant curve surrounded is big more, and the effect that reduces vibrational energy is good more.Under the situation of using visoelasticity rubber, it is enough big to obtain desirable effect that this area becomes.This characteristic can be adjusted by the material or the cross sectional shape that change visoelasticity rubber layer 9.That is, can easily design vehicle damper with ideal behavior.For example, if the tapering of visoelasticity rubber layer 9 is extended, curve P just becomes near straight line X.

Vehicle damper 51 is equipped with the wheel 50 of suspension strut in the mode shown in Fig. 7 c.When this wheel ran into the projection 53 on road surface 52, vehicle damper 51 was pressed on the direction shown in the arrow B, and compression.After through projection 53, this device is returned to original length once more from its compressed state.When projection 53 was given the strong fast compressive force of vehicle damper one, this device was corresponding to the compression gently of the uneven place of ground-surface, and its this specific character is represented by above-mentioned curve P.On the contrary, after through projection 53, this device is returned to its original length, and its this specific character is represented by above-mentioned curve Q.In addition, the coil spring (not shown) produces a higher delay to the power of resistance stretching device, and stops wheel 50 vibrations.

Above-mentioned vehicle damper has obtained the required desirable damping behavior of vehicle hanging by shape and the shear mode that changes visoelasticity rubber layer 9.Therefore, this device has been realized a simple structure and a stability.In addition, because the negligible amounts of part is compared with traditional oil snubber, the present invention can significantly reduce the spent cost of manufacturing vehicle damper.

Claims

1. vehicle damper comprises:

Body skin (4);

The front end of piston rod (3), piston rod inserts in the body skin (4), and on the length direction of body skin crank motion;

Around the coil spring (7) of body skin periphery location, its direction of extracting out from body skin at piston rod has rebound function;

Connect and be fixed to the front end of piston rod and be received within inner housing (8) in the body skin, wherein inner housing and piston rod crank motion on the body skin length direction in body skin together; And

Be arranged on the visoelasticity rubber layer (9) between inner housing and the body skin, wherein, the inside face of this layer and the outside face of inner housing connect airtight, and the inside face of the outside face of this layer and body skin connects airtight and fixing,

2. vehicle damper as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described visoelasticity rubber layer also is included in the tapering (9C) of piston rod end, wherein the interior perimeter surface of this layer and the outer surface of inner housing connect airtight, and the external diameter in tapering enlarges gradually at length direction, finally arrives the inside face of body skin.

3. vehicle damper as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise, fixed the piston rod that passes supporting base (30) at an end of inner housing, and fixed the angle hoop (40) that embeds in the body skin at the other end of inner housing, wherein inner housing supports crank motion by the body skin axial region.