CN1250875A - Method for measuring resistance of welded position of cathode in aluminium electrolyzer - Google Patents
Method for measuring resistance of welded position of cathode in aluminium electrolyzer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1250875A CN1250875A CN 99118262 CN99118262A CN1250875A CN 1250875 A CN1250875 A CN 1250875A CN 99118262 CN99118262 CN 99118262 CN 99118262 A CN99118262 A CN 99118262A CN 1250875 A CN1250875 A CN 1250875A
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Abstract
The method for measuring electric resistance of cathode crater of aluminium electrolytic cell is characterized by that the cathode of major-overhauled electrolytic cell is electrically shorted with the cathode of upper productive electrolytic cell, and the cathode of the major-overhauled electroltic cell is connected with the anode of lower productive electrolytic cell is connected with the conducting steel rod of tested cathode, so that a heavy current passing through all craters of cathode conducting steel rod is produced, thus a current meter is fastened on the cathode steel rod to be tested, and the electric connectors of a digital voltmeter are connected with two ends of correspondent crater respectively, then the holding keys of both meters are parallelly-connected with same ganged switch via conducting wire, and said switch is pressed so as to measure the current and voltage of the correspondent crater, and can calculate its resistance value.
Description
The present invention relates to the Aluminium Electrolysis field, particularly a kind of measuring method of overhaul electric tank cathode weld bond resistance.
In the Aluminium Electrolysis process, the electric tank working some cycles, promptly need overhaul, particularly cathode steel bar welds together by soft band of aluminium and trench bus, steel therebetween-steel weld bond, steel al blasting weld bond, the quality of the welding quality of aluminium-aluminium weld bond is very big to the influence in the life-span of production and electrolytic tank, therefore the resistance to the weld bond place requires to measure, in the prior art, utilize the existing conventional measuring method, because the low pressure measurement power supply that neither one is suitable (special acquisition expenses costliness up to thousands of amperes, also occupy very large space), the overhaul electrolytic tank that overhaul can be finished in the real work and test without anticathode weld bond resistance, seal in the production electrolytic tank by ordinary production, to cause whole piece electric tank cathode distribution of current inhomogeneous when the overhaul electrolytic tank because each weld bond welding quality is bad like this, seriously then can influence production line can not normally move, must tear the overhaul electrolytic tank that has laid open the groove short circuit again, again weld corresponding weld bond, during charge for loss of working time, this is to center on problem of making us very having a headache in the Aluminum Electrolysis Production process for a long time.Can't why conventional measuring method finish the measurement of overhaul electric tank cathode weld bond resistance?
We know, the cathode steel bar of electrolytic tank welds together with the hard bus of trench by steel-steel weld bond, steel-al blasting weld bond, aluminium-aluminium weld bond and the soft band of negative electrode aluminium respectively again, therefore, the promptly good and bad production status that directly has influence on electrolytic tank of the size of the welding resistance of steel-steel weld bond, steel-al blasting weld bond, aluminium-aluminium weld bond can learn that by " eelctrical engineering handbook " resistivity of steel is 0.15 Ω mm
2/ m, thereby when measuring distance equaled 200mm, rod iron did not have weld bond, the resistance when rod iron does not have weld bond is 1.775 μ Ω, and the weld bond resistance that welding quality can satisfy production requirement well should be (the actual measurement proof is really so) about 2 μ Ω.So little resistance is not influencing enterprise's production, is not increasing under the situation of expensive big current source testing apparatus again, goes back the desirable method with conventional instrument measurement weld bond resistance of neither one at present.In order to help to illustrate this problem, be necessary the production technology of electrolytic aluminium is done a brief introduction: we know that the major equipment of Aluminum Electrolysis Production is an electrolytic tank, basic production technology is that direct current is fed electrolytic tank, alumina dissolution is at cryolite melts (electrolyte), and on negative electrode (liquid aluminium) and carbon anode electrochemical reaction takes place, in the electrolytic process, negative electrode is separated out aluminium, separate out carbon dioxide on the anode, aluminium liquid is extracted out with vacuum ladle, after purifying, prepare burden, clarifying, be cast into the commodity aluminium ingot.
The electrolytic tank number depends primarily on the size of design production capacity and strength of current, electrolytic tank is taked the form of being connected in series, that is direct current is from the anode of rectification positive pole to the first electrolytic tank, pass through electrolyte and aluminium liquid (anode) then, by cathode block to cathode steel bar, again by the anode of bus to next electrolytic tank, so class is pushed into the rectification negative pole, whole electrolytic tank is connected into a closed-loop path, connect with bus between the electrolytic tank, for the ease of operating and preventing from short circuit from all need keep suitable distance between the adjacent electrolytic tank, in the electrolysis production process, because the effect of powerful electric current can produce strong magnetic field, cause aluminium liquid protuberance, fluctuation, thus current efficiency influenced, and design of electrolysis cells must be carried out magnetic field calculation for this reason, rationally carrying out bus arranges, size, advance electric mode, advance the design of electric ratio etc., general electrolytic tank all is designed to 4 at two ends and advances electricity, and the trench bus is divided into electrolytic tank both sides (shown in Figure 1).
The condition of production of electrolytic tank is such:
Before the electrolytic tank energising, earlier anode is dropped to apart from the distance of anode regulation, liquid aluminium is irritated in shove charge then again in groove, energising afterwards, after the abundant preheating of a period of time, in groove, pour into electrolytic liquid, after normal process, change ordinary production over to, after electrolytic tank moved through a production cycle, because the negative electrode breakage, current efficiency reduces, and reason such as iron-holder rising makes electrolytic tank stop groove overhaul in the aluminium liquid.
Electrolytic cell overhaul technology is such:
Before stopping groove, electrolytic tank short circuit from produce series of need overhaul is fallen, leaving the short circuit mouth on bus specially is the effect of start-stop groove short circuit, after treating the electrolytic tank cooling, anode is hung out, remove the cathode inner lining furnace building material, repair cathode groove shell then, again build the negative electrode furnace building material by laying bricks or stones, order is as follows: 1. pot shell is in place; 2. several from the pot shell bottom, ground floor is a sheet asbestos, be that insulating brick, cathode bottom carbon piece, welded cathode rod iron, casting limit portion water material feeding, build sidewall carbon brick by laying bricks or stones, stick with paste with carbon element and prick seam, anode hoisted in position then, weld the soft band of anode aluminium then, last could the examination handed over, and particularly the resistance of each weld bond of negative electrode should meet the requirements.When undesirable, must do over again, very loaded down with trivial details.
In addition, each weld bond welding of cathode steel bar finishes back (shown in Figure 1), there is electric current to flow through each weld bond, and direction of current is unfixing, size of current is about several peaces to 400 ampere (field measurement draws), does why having electric current in the cathode steel bar flow through? reason is as follows: theoretically, electrolytic tank two side bus should be equipotentials, should there be electric current to pass through in the rod iron, reason by several respects in the reality can cause this electric current: be to be connected in series between electrolytic tank and the groove 1., single groove is that electricity is advanced at 4 at two ends, can not accomplish in the bus bar configuration process that two big face bus lengths are isometric fully, and this just causes two resistance values between big face unequal; 2. bus long-time running, local soft bus because of the electrolytic tank runout by erosion, cause busbar cross-section to reduce; 3. each weld bond resistance value of bus is variant, and crimping junction resistance value is also variant; 4. electrolysis production technology has determined potline current that fluctuation must be arranged; 5. electric tank cathode is uneven, and the poor conductor precipitation is arranged in the groove, causes each negative electrode conduction rod iron conduction uneven; 6. influence current stabilization during electrochemical machining and when coming effect; 7. operate as normal anode electrolytic cell distribution of current inequality; 8. overhaul groove short circuit mouth resistance value is variant; 9. each weld bond resistance of negative electrode is variant, influences distribution of current; 10. the electrolytic tank production status changes at any time, makes that the resistance value between two big faces of electrolytic tank is changing at any time, has voltage difference (Δ V) to exist in sum between electrolytic tank two side bus A, the B, thereby causes a uncertain electric current of direction to occur.
Utilize this voltage difference (Δ V) can measure the resistance of each weld bond? obviously not all right, this voltage difference (Δ V) the one at first, direction and numerical value instability, its maximal value also has only several millivolts of zero points, milivoltmeter is under strong magnetic field circumstance, so little voltage difference can't be normally measured, thereby also the associated electrical resistance can't be calculated.
Because measured resistance only is about 2 micro-ohms, obviously also can't measure weld bond resistance with double bridge, because the measurement range of double bridge is generally about 10 micro-ohms, also require measured resistance not have additional power source influence (cathode steel bar has out-of-balance current to flow through in the actual overhaul groove).Therefore the resistance value that will measure each weld bond of cathode steel bar has only and finds a suitable big current source.
If will measure the voltage (as 5mv) at tested weld bond two ends, then the electric current by qualified weld bond equals 5mv and equals the 2.5KA electric current divided by 2 μ Ω, obtain the above low voltage direct current of 2.5KA, and make or purchase a special measurement power supply specially, obvious one is uneconomical, place between two reality are also busy, thereby actual to acquire special power supply also not all right.
If reduce the electric current flow through each weld bond, then because the superposition of this Protean voltage difference of Δ V, the effect of high-intensity magnetic field in addition, measurement instrument is actual can't accurately finish measuring task.
Under the influence that does not have external power source, utilize the way of the little resistance of series connection to carry out the measurement of weld bond resistance, also not all right, reason is if a precision resistance of string (as 1 Ω) is by a direct current power supply (as I=5A) in the measurement loop, then the weld bond both end voltage is that 5 * 2 micro-ohms equal 10 microvolts, compare then with the voltage that 5A * 1 Ω of resistance in series equals 5V and to ignore, obviously this method is also unworkable in the influence of conductor resistance in addition.
The following resistance of 0.001 Ω if connect can record the voltage of 10 μ V in theory at weld bond, but the resistance of 0.001 Ω in fact also cannot be made on the technology.
Therefore, when little electric current,, also can't obtain the resistance value of the weld bond of surveying by the method for series connection precision resistance.
The objective of the invention is to base oneself upon existing technological equipment, a kind of method of measuring each weld bond resistance of negative electrode is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is such:
The measuring method of resistance of welded position of cathode in aluminium electrolyzer, the anode 2 that it is characterized in that at first will treating the electrolytic tank 1 of overhaul hangs out, (electrolytic tank leaves short circuit interface 6 usually together with last one the negative electrode 5 electric short circuits of producing electrolytic tank 4 with its negative electrode 3, use for stopping the groove short circuit), simultaneously with the negative electrode 3 of overhaul electrolytic tank 1 routinely connection link to each other with next anode 15 of producing electrolytic tank 7, one end of test cable 17 is linked to each other with a last anode 14 of producing electrolytic tank 4, the negative electrode conduction rod iron 16 of the other end and tested welded position of cathode links, thereby produce steel-steel weld bond 9 once negative electrode conduction rod iron 16, steel al blasting weld bond 10, aluminium-aluminium weld bond 11, negative electrode aluminium is soft with the 12 big electric currents of measurement (about 3KA) to negative electrode bus 13, one direct current reometer is stuck on the cathode steel bar 16 to be measured, a pair of test pencil with a digital voltmeter is associated in steel to be measured-steel weld bond 9 again, the two ends of steel-al blasting weld bond 10 or aluminium-aluminium mouth 11, and strong being connected on the same ganged switch K of sampling maintenance that respectively sampling of digital voltmeter is kept strong and DC ammeter by two pairs of leads, press ganged switch and can obtain synchronous current and voltage signals, can calculate the resistance value of corresponding welded position of cathode according to Ohm law.
According to such scheme, need not to acquire any big current source equipment, do not need special surveying instrument yet, utilize existing process equipment and digital voltmeter (multimeter) digital electronic ammeter can measure the resistance of each weld bond of cathode steel bar easily, shortened the overhaul duration, prevented to reprocess the loss that is caused because of the defective whole overhaul groove that causes of welded position of cathode welding, having solved for a long time, people expect to solve and a unsolved realistic problem.
Do more careful explanation below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to 3 and actual measurement example.
Fig. 1 is electrolytic tank technology wiring rough schematic view.
Fig. 2 is for being the instrumentation plan of example with steel-steel weld bond.
Fig. 3 is the equivalent circuit theory synoptic diagram of overhaul electrolytic tank and adjacent electrolytic tank.
Overhaul electrolytic tank 1 is arranged in the 2nd of series series connection electrolytic tank 4,7 among the figure; R1, R3, R7, R9 are the equivalent anode resistance that overhaul electrolytic tank 1 adjacent two is produced electrolytic tank 4,7; R2, R4, R8, R10 are the negative electrode equivalent resistance of adjacent two production electrolytic tanks 4,7; R5, R6 are the equivalent resistance of each cathode steel bar 16; R11, R12 are cathode block resistance, and wherein R51, R63 are aluminium-aluminium weld bond equivalent resistance, and R52, R62 are steel-al blasting weld bond equivalent resistance, and R53, R61 are steel-steel weld bond equivalent resistance; MV, I are respectively digital voltmeter and DC ammeter, both tests keep key to lead to respectively on the duplex K switch with two pairs of leads, can record the voltage and current value of respective cathode weld bond, thereby can calculate corresponding resistance value by Fig. 2, the K of pressing key shown in Figure 3 according to Ohm law.
Claims (1)
1. the measuring method of resistance of welded position of cathode in aluminium electrolyzer, the anode (2) that it is characterized in that at first will treating the electrolytic tank (1) of overhaul hangs out, (electrolytic tank leaves short circuit interface (6) usually together with last one the electric short circuit of negative electrode (5) of producing electrolytic tank (4) with its negative electrode (3), use for stopping the groove short circuit), simultaneously with the negative electrode (3) of overhaul electrolytic tank (1) routinely connection link to each other with next anode (15) of producing electrolytic tank (7), one end of test cable (17) is linked to each other with a last anode (14) of producing electrolytic tank (4), the negative electrode conduction rod iron (16) of the other end and tested welded position of cathode links, thereby produce steel-steel weld bond (9) once negative electrode conduction rod iron (16), steel al blasting weld bond (10), aluminium-aluminium weld bond (11), the soft band of negative electrode aluminium (12) is to the big electric current of measurement (about 3KA) of negative electrode bus (13), one direct current reometer is stuck on the cathode steel bar to be measured (16), a pair of test pencil with a digital voltmeter is associated in steel to be measured-steel weld bond (9) again, the two ends of steel-al blasting weld bond (10) or aluminium-aluminium mouth (11), and strong being connected on the same ganged switch K of sampling maintenance that respectively sampling of digital voltmeter is kept strong and DC ammeter by two pairs of leads, press ganged switch and can obtain synchronous current and voltage signals, can calculate the resistance value of corresponding welded position of cathode according to Ohm law.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99118262 CN1129791C (en) | 1999-09-11 | 1999-09-11 | Method for measuring resistance of welded position of cathode in aluminium electrolyzer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99118262 CN1129791C (en) | 1999-09-11 | 1999-09-11 | Method for measuring resistance of welded position of cathode in aluminium electrolyzer |
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| CN1250875A true CN1250875A (en) | 2000-04-19 |
| CN1129791C CN1129791C (en) | 2003-12-03 |
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| CN 99118262 Expired - Fee Related CN1129791C (en) | 1999-09-11 | 1999-09-11 | Method for measuring resistance of welded position of cathode in aluminium electrolyzer |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100577886C (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2010-01-06 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Maintaining method for aluminium electrolytic cell short-circuit port |
| CN101008659B (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2010-05-12 | 中南大学 | Method for testing fluctuation of aluminium luquid of aluminium reduction cells and test probe thereof |
| CN102409362A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-04-11 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Aluminium electrolysis cell through-current body hot-line welding control system |
| CN103741169A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-23 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | Measurement device and measurement method for pressure dropping of anode carbon block of prebaking slot |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100404727C (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2008-07-23 | 河南中孚实业股份有限公司 | Method for randomly large scale repair and welding electrolytic bath under no cut-off condition of aluminium electrolytic series |
| CN100432298C (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2008-11-12 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for reducing voltage drop of aluminum cell stop |
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1999
- 1999-09-11 CN CN 99118262 patent/CN1129791C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100577886C (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2010-01-06 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Maintaining method for aluminium electrolytic cell short-circuit port |
| CN101008659B (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2010-05-12 | 中南大学 | Method for testing fluctuation of aluminium luquid of aluminium reduction cells and test probe thereof |
| CN102409362A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-04-11 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Aluminium electrolysis cell through-current body hot-line welding control system |
| CN102409362B (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2015-11-18 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Aluminium cell is through-flow body do not have a power failure welding control system |
| CN103741169A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-23 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | Measurement device and measurement method for pressure dropping of anode carbon block of prebaking slot |
| CN103741169B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2017-01-18 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | Measurement device and measurement method for pressure dropping of anode carbon block of prebaking slot |
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| CN1129791C (en) | 2003-12-03 |
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