CN1250858C - Door opening device - Google Patents
Door opening device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1250858C CN1250858C CNB021419078A CN02141907A CN1250858C CN 1250858 C CN1250858 C CN 1250858C CN B021419078 A CNB021419078 A CN B021419078A CN 02141907 A CN02141907 A CN 02141907A CN 1250858 C CN1250858 C CN 1250858C
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Abstract
The present invention provided a door opener, by which a door open-close unit is miniaturized and lightened and a door can be opened efficiently by only one of the operation of a touch switch and which is silent. In the door opener 1 opening the rotary type door in which one end section is supported rotatably by a hinge, the door opener 1 has a motor 2 housed in a bottomed cylindrical housing 3, a screw shaft 4, to which the rotation of the motor 2 is transmitted, a nut 5 screwed to the screw shaft 4 and internally inserted into the housing 3, the first spring 6 housed between the nut 5 and the shoulder section 3a of the housing 3 and the second spring 7 housed between the bottom section 3b of the housing 3 and the motor 2, and the rotation of the motor 2 is converted into the linear motion of the nut 5. The nut 5 is formed to the housing 3 retractively and irrotationally and the screw shaft 4 is formed integrally with an output shaft for the motor 2.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to utilize the electrodynamic type door opener of open automatically cupboard door of switching manipulation or cold-storage door.
Background technology
The door of cabinet or buttery is an example with the cold house's door in the freezer, universal class be an end of freezer main body front with the hinge rotary type that is supporting free to rotate, it is particularly basic in general family that what use all is this type.This has improved the sealing under the closed condition, and this door inner face circumference is provided with packing ring, and packing ring has the magnet that can guide to door-inhale freezer main body front.Therefore, the manual unlocking door must have operating physical force to a certain degree, has particularly increased burden the people that child a little less than power or health can not be autonomous.
In order to alleviate this burden, the known and part electrodynamic type door opener type of practicability has: the unit that opens the door with motor as the type of drive source and the unit that opens the door with solenoid as the type of drive source etc.; Opening the door the unit with the type of motor as drive source: uses gear mechanism, pinion and have the tooth bar of one pressure ram, the rotation of motor is sent to pinion and tooth bar by gear mechanism from worm gear, can carry out conversion to the translatory movement of pressure ram and open the door type; Opening the door the unit with the type of solenoid as drive source: can make and stretch out with solenoid all-in-one-piece pressure ram and open door (referring to open communique 2001-55863 number of Japan Patent).
Former stating in the electrodynamic type door opener of motor as drive source, with the integrally formed cam of pinion, the rotation of the connecting rod by this cam of interlock utilizes the origin switch that can connect and disconnect, and motor is switched on repeatedly and is cut off the power supply.When connection is arranged at the touch switch of face in front of the door, make electrical power, by gear mechanism, rely on the rotation that is arranged at the worm and gear device on the motor shaft, rotation is sent to pinion.With the tooth bar of pinion on, the stroke of integrally formed pressure ram utilization regulation can be opened door.On pressure ram card only have with the side of the stretching out return spring of the application of force in the opposite direction, pressure ram after reaching at first end position, the tooth portion of tooth bar and the engagement releasing of pinion, the pressure ram energy is instantaneous to turn back to former retreating position.
Former stating in the electrodynamic type door opener of solenoid as drive source, solenoidal helical is crispaturaed in cylindric core bar periphery, inserts in week in core bar and is connected with the magnetic push rod that can move freely vertically.When connection is arranged at the touch switch of face in front of the door, make the solenoid energising, push rod overcomes card to be ended the return spring on push rod and attracts to move, and the pressure ram that accompanies with it stroke in accordance with regulations just stretches out can open door.When making the solenoid outage, utilize the restoring force of return spring, pressure ram can instantaneously turn back to former retreating position.
In aforementioned motor formula door opener, its structure can comprise motor and the reduction gear that is made of worm and gear, pinion, rackwork, utilize pinion, regulate the amount of movement of tooth bar, can set the stroke that stretches out of pressure ram arbitrarily, but when stretching out, stretch out when stressed when counter, the worm and gear device becomes resistance barrier, has improved because of this impact to make the impaired possibility of internal part.Though solenoid type door opener start speed is fast, but being stretched out the stroke and the power of stretching out limits, owing between door and freezer main body, be provided with as the automatic blocking mechanism that prevents to be half mechanism, when door being opened with pressure ram, must make door reach the stroke place that surpasses closed distance with this automatic blocking mechanism, this stroke be different because of the place is set.Any solenoid type door opener no matter, in case set the stroke of pressure ram, not only this stroke can not become, and is not suitable for when being in other position strokes, can not use.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of door opener, can solve the problem that exists in the aforementioned conventional art,, also can not damage internal part even produce the anti-outward force that stretches out, and, can change and stretch out stroke.
This door opener that other purposes of the present invention provide can shorten and open the door the time, and, even small-sized also increasing stretched out stroke and stretched out power.
In order to reach this purpose, the invention of technical solution of the present invention 1 record is a door opener of opening the rotary type door, described Men Yiduan supports with hinge is rotatable, this door opener disposes the band cylinder chamber at the end, be inserted in motor this chamber in, be inserted in the rotatable but nut that can advance and retreat in the aforementioned cavities, and this nut screw togather and utilize screw shaft that the driving force of motor is rotated, make aforementioned nut stretch out first spring, tax elastic force that direction depends on second spring between being housed in bottom aforementioned motor and the aforementioned cavities to it with the power of stipulating; These parts vertically straight line be arranged in the aforementioned cavities, aforementioned motor is freely advanced and retreat, utilize the positive backwards rotation of this motor to make the aforementioned nut advance and retreat.
Because arranged in a straight line and the rotation of motor is become rectilinear motion, so the door opener that provides can greatly stretch out on quiet, light weight, compact basis by slide bar with this motor.If suitably configure the lead angle of screw shaft, just can obtain the suitableeest power of stretching out of push rod and stretch out speed, and the installation site of clamshell doors device can not be restricted corresponding to capacity motor.In addition, even produce external force such as impact load on the nut, because of nut and motor by the spring support, also can cushion this impact.
According to the invention of technical scheme 2 record, if set aforementioned motor for by retreating the connection switch, and backwards rotation, when retreating, nut can not increase too big impact force to nut and motor, can prevent motor overload.
According to the invention of technical scheme 3 records,, can not produce impact force to switch if aforementioned switches is made of contact that is arranged on the aforementioned cavities bottom by elastomeric element and the contact that is arranged on the aforementioned motor rearward end.
Invention according to technical scheme 4 records, because it is little the coefficient of elasticity of aforementioned second spring of ratio of the coefficient of elasticity of aforementioned first spring setting, when nut touches, rotation along with screw shaft, first spring that is pressing nut is with the form motion as the power of stretching out, the driving force of regulating motor.
The invention of technical solution of the present invention 5 records is door openers of opening rotary door, Men Yiduan supports with hinge is rotatable, it is characterized in that disposing the band cylinder chamber at the end, is inserted in the rotatable but nut that can advance and retreat in this chamber, and this nut screw shaft by advancing and retreat of screwing togather and utilize the driving force of motor the to be rotated sliding screw, the tax elastic force that the constitute spring between being housed in bottom aforementioned motor and the aforementioned cavities; These parts vertically straight line be arranged in the aforementioned cavities, aforementioned motor is freely advanced and retreat, utilize the positive backwards rotation of this motor to make the aforementioned nut advance and retreat simultaneously.
The invention of technical scheme 6 records is to be made of the nut and the screw shaft that change with aforementioned screw shaft, and this nut rotates by the driving force of motor, but can not advance and retreat; This screw rod and this nut screw togather, and be rotatable but can advance and retreat.Because arranged in a straight line and the rotation of motor is become rectilinear motion, so the door opener that provides can greatly stretch out on quiet, light weight, compact basis by slide bar with this motor.If suitably set the lead angle of screw shaft, just can obtain the suitableeest power of stretching out of push rod and stretch out speed, and the installation site of clamshell doors device can not be restricted corresponding to capacity motor.In addition, even produce external force such as impact load on the nut, because of nut and motor by the spring support, also can cushion this impact.
According to the invention of technical scheme 7 records, described door opener if be provided with reducer between aforementioned motor and sliding screw, just can obtain the bigger power of stretching out.In addition, according to the invention of technical scheme 8, this reducer also can be a planetary reducer.
The invention of technical solution of the present invention 9 records is a kind of door openers of opening rotary door, Men Yiduan supports with hinge is rotatable, it is characterized in that disposing the band cylinder chamber at the end, is inserted in and can advances and retreat in this chamber but rotatable end push rod arranged, utilize screw shaft that the driving force of motor is rotated, screw togather to be inserted in this screw shaft and can advance and retreat in the aforementioned push rod but rotatable nut, be housed in the spring in the annulus that an end face and aforementioned push rod bottom by aforementioned nut form; End on aforementioned push rod by the other end card that makes aforementioned nut, utilize the positive backwards rotation of this motor to make aforementioned push rod advance and retreat.
According to the described door opener of the invention of technical scheme 10, when aforementioned motor is just changeed,, make the rotation of aforementioned motor carry out backwards rotation through behind the certain hour.Manage the conduction time of this motor, under through the situation behind the certain hour, make and judge unusual motor reverse, nut is retreated,, can on motor, not produce overburden because of returning push rod.
Invention according to technical scheme 11 records, when being provided with controller, the signal that this controller sends according to the detector that detects aforementioned door open and-shut mode, the driving of control aforementioned motor, just can make the button that uses in the control of freezer intraoral illumination general, motor begins to reverse in the freezer intraoral illumination, and push rod is instantaneous to be retreated, and does not have obstacle when taking out article.
Invention according to technical scheme 12 record also can be provided with controller, the signal that it sends according to the detector that detects in the aforementioned motor by electric current, the driving of control aforementioned motor.Like this,, just can return push rod, can on motor, not produce overburden even, nut is retreated making motor just then when producing the thing that the door in the open start can not open, motor is reversed.
According to the invention of technical scheme 13 records, by the radio signal conveyer is set, the signal that utilizes radio communication that aforesaid detector is sent sends aforementioned controller to, does not need distribution, makes the installation transfiguration of door opener easy.Thereby, to freezer in the existing use etc. also may after install door opener.
In the invention of technical scheme 14 records, stretch out the controller of speed because of being provided with the aforementioned push rod of control, in a single day, can not stretch out push rod rapidly even make an opening, do not produce and improve safety with hindering.And, can also suitably adjust the speed of stretching out of push rod by meeting path increment.
Invention according to technical scheme 15 records, as aforementioned controller,, when stretching out, push rod produces friction in case elastomeric material is inserted on the swing part of aforementioned cavities and push rod, so just can suppress the speed of stretching out of push rod simply, also can adjust the suitable speed of stretching out.
The invention of technical solution of the present invention 16 records is made of motor, gear mechanism and sliding rotating apparatus, gear mechanism slows down the rotation output of this motor and transmits, the nut that this sliding rotating apparatus disposed and was located at the screw shaft on this gear mechanism and screws togather and turn but can not advance and retreat with this screw shaft; Aforementioned nut is being screwed in the aforesaid gears mechanism, utilize the positive backwards rotation of aforementioned motor that aforementioned screw shaft is advanced and retreat and make door, and when the rotating shaft direction of aforementioned screw rod is forced to move aforementioned screw shaft,, moves aforementioned screw shaft while can making aforementioned nut rotate.
Like this, owing to utilize sliding rotating apparatus that the rotational transform of motor is rectilinear motion, so the door opener that provides can greatly stretch out on the basis of quiet, light weight, compactness, and the installation site of clamshell doors device can not be restricted.In addition,,, moves screw shaft because making nut rotate even force to be pressed into because of the screw shaft malfunction, so, can be not impaired because of impact load to internal parts such as screw shafts.
The invention of technical scheme 17 records, because of the helical pitch of aforementioned sliding rotating apparatus is set to, move because screw shaft can make nut rotate even under the situation that screw shaft is pressed into because of malfunction at more than 1 times in the scope below 5 times of screw shaft nominal diameter, so screw shaft can damaged.Under the situation of helical pitch less than 1 times of screw shaft nominal diameter, when screw shaft was pressed into because of malfunction, screw shaft can not successfully rotate nut and move.Under the situation of helical pitch, because of positioning accuracy reduces also bad greater than 5 times of screw shaft nominal diameters.Preferably the scope of helical pitch is at more than 1.2 times of screw shaft diameter, below 4 times.
The invention of technical scheme 18 record is in the inventions of technical scheme 16 or 17 records, and aforesaid gears mechanism disposes aforementioned motor output shaft, and second spool of establishing parallel with this first with coaxial first of being connected with of this output shaft and axle center; On aforementioned first and second, dispose a plurality of gears, simultaneously, make the gear that is fixed on the aforementioned motor output shaft and the gears engaged that is configured on aforementioned second free to rotate, aforementioned second and first gear is meshing with each other successively, when aforementioned motor is rotated, the rotation of aforementioned motor is sent to aforementioned nut, and, force to move and when aforementioned nut is rotated the rotation that transmits aforementioned nut by aforesaid gears mechanism at the rotating shaft direction that makes aforementioned screw axial aforementioned nut.
Like this, can effectively utilize the space, the gear mechanism of light weight compactness is provided.Even force to be pressed into because of the screw shaft malfunction, nut is rotated move, because of being passes to gear mechanism to the rotation of nut, so screw shaft and nut can damaged.
The invention of technical scheme 19 records is in the invention of technical scheme 16 records, in a plurality of gears that on aforementioned first and second, dispose, at least on the gear of configuration free to rotate on each, be formed with two teeth of size, and wine is equipped with safety device in the transfer path from the aforementioned motor to the aforementioned nut, during load more than bearing setting, this safety device is controlled this load.Therefore, except further obtaining the light weight compactness cheaply the gear mechanism, even because abnormal load effect during start, the above load of safety device control setting is not so gear mechanism can suffer damage.
The invention of technical scheme 20 record is in the invention of technical scheme 17 records, disposes the gear of built-in torque limiting mechanism on aforementioned second, make its with the aforementioned nut periphery on the tooth that is provided with mesh.Like this, even the abnormal load effect is arranged when start is arranged, owing to can limit load more than the setting as the torque limiting mechanism of safety device, so gear mechanism can not sustain damage.And, even screw shaft is pressed into because of the malfunction pressure, owing to making nut rotate mobile and the rotation of this nut being sent to torque mechanism, so screw shaft and nut can not sustain damage.
The invention of technical scheme 21 records is that aforementioned torque limits the elastomeric element that mechanism disposes stacked a plurality of friction boards and give regulation axial load elastic force on this friction board in technical scheme 20 record inventions.Like this, when having produced impact in the start or having loaded more than the setting and do the time spent,, gear mechanism, screw shaft and nut are sustained damage because of friction board slides; And, overlap formation with elastomeric element because of making a plurality of friction boards, can reach the light weight densification.
The invention of technical solution of the present invention 22 records is that door opener has housing, push rod, spring and motor, and this push rod can be advanced and retreat and is supported in this housing, and by stretching out the extruding door; This spring gives the power of stretching out for this push rod, and this motor makes this spring deflection by rotation; The structure that this door opener adopts is that the desirable elastic force of savings utilizes this spring that aforementioned push rod is stretched out on aforementioned spring, opens door.
Like this, owing to put aside elastic force on the spring and push rod is stretched out, open the door the time so can shorten by this spring, simultaneously, can alleviate the load of passing to motor, even external force increases on the push rod, can relax external force by spring, can not produce impact force, can improve application life in inside.
Preferred forms also can dispose motor, gear reduction, sliding rotating apparatus as the invention of technical scheme 23 record, cylindric push rod and a plurality of spring at the end are arranged; This motor places in housing; This gear reduction slows down the rotation of this motor and transmits; This sliding rotating apparatus is made of screw shaft and nut, and screw shaft and this gear reduction are set up in parallel, and the one end is equipped with and this gear reduction meshed gears, and is rotatable but can not advance and retreat; Nut and this screw shaft screw togather, and be rotatable but can advance and retreat; The relative housing of push rod stretches out and can be supported on the housing with freely advancing and retreat; Spring is captured in and is positioned on coaxial between this push rod bottom and aforementioned nut the spring constant difference of each spring; When the aforementioned motor rotation makes the aforementioned nut advance and retreat, till by advancing of this nut aforementioned length of spring compressed being reached regulation elastic force, put aside desired elastic force, utilize the restoring force of this spring that aforementioned push rod is stretched out by being higher than the high speed that aforementioned nut advances, thereby open door.
Like this, utilize gear reduction and sliding rotating apparatus, can stably become the motor rotational transform rectilinear motion of nut, simultaneously, utilize the compression spring that advances of this nut, because of on spring, having put aside elastic force, the door open hour can be shortened, and, because of making push rod, the restoring force of utilizing spring stretches out, can alleviate the load that sends motor to, even external force increases on the push rod, also can lean on spring to relax external force, can not produce impact force, can improve application life in inside.
The invention of technical scheme 24 records, because aforementioned spring is to be made of all different a plurality of springs of external diameter and natural length, be changed to desired elastic force because of the elastic force that can make spring in the process of advancing of nut is multistage, so, the time before opening the door in fact can be shortened.
Embodiment also can be as the invention of technical scheme 25 records, if aforementioned spring is to be made of big diameter spring and the path spring that is inserted in this big diameter spring and natural length is longer than this big diameter spring, utilize just can the extend overhang of push rod of little space, simultaneously, by a certain number of little diameter spring of initial stage compression, can suppress increases load on the motor therebetween, and nut is run.
Embodiment also can if the coiling direction of aforementioned spring is reverse mutually, can prevent the mutual complexing of spring as the invention of technical scheme 26 records.
The invention of technical scheme 27 records, owing to be to utilize advancing of aforementioned nut, in advance aforementioned length of spring compressed is reached regulation elastic force, simultaneously, aforementioned push rod is provided with and utilizes the dissoluble locking mechanism of regulation axial force, so, can also increase the speed of stretching out and the overhang of push rod, can shorten door open hour.
Embodiment can also be as the invention of technical scheme 28 records, be arranged on the push rod that the stopper that can freely advance and retreat in the aforementioned push rod vertical direction, compression place spring between this stopper and housing, are formed with the fastener of aforementioned stopper if aforementioned locking mechanism disposes, utilize the just elastic force of savings spring easily of little space.
According to the invention of technical scheme 29 record, if the rotating speed can make the aforementioned motor rotating speed be lower than nut when aforementioned nut retreats to advance the time, the noise level reduction when push rod is returned can improve quietness.
Invention according to technical scheme 30 records, owing to be provided with controller, the signal that sends according to the detector that detects aforementioned door open and-shut mode, the driving of control aforementioned motor is so the button that the control of freezer intraoral illumination is used is general, in the freezer intraoral illumination, motor begins to reverse, and push rod is instantaneous to be retreated, and can not hindered when getting article.
Invention according to technical scheme 31 records, by being provided with controller, the aforementioned motor electric current is flow through in detection, the driving of control motor, when making the positive turn-off of motor put the situation that generator gate can not be opened in the start, owing to motor reverse energy nut or screw rod are retreated, so can on motor, not produce overburden.
Invention according to technical scheme 32 records, form if aforementioned nut is the synthetic resin with the injection moldable moulding, not only absorb impulsive sound, even and under not lubricated situation rotary resistance little, increase the one-level quietness, can reach the good cost degradation of production performance.
The invention of technical scheme 33 records is in the invention of technical scheme 32 records, because aforementioned nut is formed by the poly-p-phenylene sulfide resin, with the frictional resistance reduction of screw rod, heating is suppressed when making start, improves application life.In addition,, can suppress to touch noise mutually, reach quietization with screw shaft because of reducing friction.
As mentioned above, door opener of the present invention has the following special pearl effect of enumerating.
1. the invention of technical scheme 1 record, because of making motor and sliding screw setting arranged in a straight line, and by the slip rotating mechanism the rotational transform of this motor motion that is in line, can on quiet, light weight, compact basis, provide simple in structure, stretch out the big door opener of stroke.
2. because of spring is placed in the chamber, compose power, and, can obtain the suitableeest push rod and stretch out power by suitably setting and the corresponding spring force of capacity motor to nut.Therefore, in the rotary type door that is supporting free to rotate, also can this door opener be installed on any position of door with hinge, can not limit the installation site in one end, freezer main body front.
3. allowing motor just change in the way door when closing suddenly for opening door, in the time of maybe can not opening a ground and apply the external force state, because of supporting nut and motor by spring, so, available buffer impact force, door opener that durability is high can be provided.
4. the invention of technical scheme 5,6 and technical scheme 9 records, because of motor and sliding screw setting arranged in a straight line, and by the slip rotating mechanism the rotational transform of this motor motion that is in line, can on quiet, light weight, compact basis, provide simple in structure, stretch out the big door opener of stroke.Simultaneously, by suitable setting and the corresponding screw shaft lead angle of capacity motor, just can obtain the suitableeest push rod and stretch out power and stretch out speed.Therefore, in the rotary type door that is supporting free to rotate, also can this door opener be installed on any position of door with hinge, can not limit the installation site in one end, freezer main body front.
Even 5. allowing motor just change in the way door when closing suddenly for opening door, in the time of maybe can not opening a ground and apply the external force state, motor retreats and makes spring by compression, can not apply big impact force on sliding screw and motor, and the door opener durability that provides is good.
6. the invention of technical scheme 16 records, utilizing nut that the screw shaft advance and retreat are opened in the door opener of door, when forcibly to nut rotation direction mobile screw axle, while move because of screw shaft can make nut rotate, the door opener that provides can be set according to the amount of spin of motor and stretch out stroke, simultaneously, even, move while screw rod rotates nut owing to force the extruding screw axle because of the malfunction extruding, so, can not damage internal parts such as screw shaft, improve reliability.
7. the invention of technical scheme 22 records, be in the door opener that is made of housing, push rod, chamber and motor, wherein, push rod can be advanced and retreat to be supported on this housing and by stretching and be pushed door, the chamber receives the power of stretching out on this push rod, and motor carries out displacement by rotating in the chamber; Put aside needed elastic force by aforementioned spring, owing to utilizing this spring that push rod is stretched out and open door, can shorten the time of opening door, simultaneously, alleviate load, even apply external force on the push rod to motor, also can relax this external force by spring, can not produce impact force, can improve durability in inside.
8. the invention of technical scheme 23 records has motor, motor, gear reduction, sliding rotating apparatus, the cylindric push rod that the end is arranged and a plurality of spring; This motor places in housing; This gear reduction slows down the rotation of this motor and transmits; This sliding rotating apparatus is made of screw shaft and nut, and screw shaft and this gear reduction are set up in parallel, and the one end is equipped with and this gear reduction meshed gears, and is rotatable but can not advance and retreat; Nut and this screw shaft screw togather, and be rotatable but can advance and retreat; The relative housing of push rod stretches out and can freely advance and retreat and is supported on the housing; Spring is captured in and is positioned on coaxial between this push rod bottom and nut the spring constant difference of each spring; When the aforementioned motor rotation makes the aforementioned nut advance and retreat, by advancing of this nut, before reaching regulation elastic force, compress spring, put aside desired elastic force, owing to utilize the restoring force of this spring to make aforementioned push rod open door by being higher than stretching at a high speed that aforementioned nut advances, so, load can be alleviated,, also this external force can be relaxed by spring even apply external force on the push rod to motor, can not produce impact force, can improve durability in inside.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the local amplification profile that is used to illustrate the swivelling chute fastening state.
Fig. 3 be the expression door opener nut intermediate point of the present invention longitudinal plan.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener nut top dead-centre of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the drawing in side sectional elevation of VI-VI line among Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 (a) is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 4th embodiment of the present invention; (b) be the drawing in side sectional elevation of VIII-VIII line in (a).
Fig. 9 is the drawing in side sectional elevation of IX-IX line among Fig. 8 (a).
Figure 10 is the side view of Fig. 8 (a).
Figure 11 (a) is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 5th embodiment of the present invention; (b) be the drawing in side sectional elevation of XI-XI line in (a).
Figure 12 is the longitudinal plan of the open start of expression door opener of the present invention midvoyage condition.
Figure 13 is the longitudinal plan of the open preceding state of expression door opener door of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener of the present invention state when open.
Figure 15 is used to illustrate the key diagram of controlling when door opener of the present invention increases outside loading.
Figure 16 is the sectional side elevation of expression door open state.
Figure 17 (a) is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener variant embodiment of the present invention; (b) be the drawing in side sectional elevation of XVII-XVII line in (a).
Figure 18 (a) is the longitudinal plan of expression another variant embodiment of door opener of the present invention; (b) be the drawing in side sectional elevation of XVIII-XVIII line in (a).
Figure 19 is the key diagram that explanation door opener of the present invention utilizes wireless signal to control.
Figure 20 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 21 is the longitudinal plan of torque mechanism in the expression door opener of the present invention.
Figure 22 (a) is the elevation that constitutes the gear of torque mechanism among expression the present invention; (b) be the longitudinal plan of (a); (c) be the lateral view that constitutes the gear of torque mechanism among expression the present invention.
Figure 23 (a) is that the card that constitutes torque mechanism among expression the present invention ends the elevation that covers; (b) be the sectional drawing of (a).
Figure 24 is a torque mechanism exploded perspective view among the present invention.
Figure 25 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 7th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 26 is the freezer oblique view that door opener of the present invention is installed in expression.
Figure 27 (a) is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 8th embodiment of the present invention; (b) be the same lateral view; (c) be the longitudinal plan of XXVII-XXVII line in (a).
Figure 28 is the exploded view of the same major part.
Figure 29 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener of the present invention state before door is open.
Figure 30 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener of the present invention state when door is open.
Figure 31 is the nut displacement of expression door opener of the present invention and the curve map of spring force relation.
Figure 32 is the sketch of control circuit in the expression door opener of the present invention.
Figure 33 is the sketch of expression with the upper substrate model.
Figure 34 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 9th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 35 is the amplification profile of the same major part.
Figure 36 is the oblique view of the same major part.
Figure 37 is the sketch of expression with the upper substrate model.
Figure 38 is the sketch of the same control circuit of expression.
Figure 39 is the sketch of the same another control circuit of expression.
Symbol description:
1, the 101,110,112,201,301,330,403,403 ', the 451st, door opener
2, the 102,113,202,302,407, the 452nd, motor
2b, 9a are contacts
3, the 103,114,203,218, the 221st, the chamber
3a, 103c are shoulders
3b, 103a, 114a, 206a, 418a are the bottoms
3c, 115d, 220a, 221a, 226a, 304g are the spaces
4, the 104,116,205,305,332,415, the 455th, screw shaft
4a, 5a, 104a, 105a, 115a, 116a, 205a, 415a, 416a are swivelling chutes
5, the 105,115,207,223,225,306,323,416, the 456th, nut
5b is a latch
5c, 105b are the stop bolts
6 is first springs
7 is second springs
8, the 219th, elastomeric element
9, the 222,224, the 227th, pin
103b, 105c, 203a, 206b, 206c, 207b two cut the limit
103d, 114b are sleeve portions
106, the 117,208,419, the 433rd, spring
107, the 209, the 421st, retainer
The 108th, bearing part
109, the 124th, Screw
The 111st, the pinion gear reducer
111a is a central gear
111b is a carriage
111c is a pinion gear
111d is a ring gear
113a, 302a, 452a are motor shafts
113b is a hooking sheet
115b, 116b are large-diameter portions
115c, 116c are minor diameter parts
118, the 320,321, the 322nd, thrust washer
119, the 307,333,420,420 ', the 457th, housing
The 120th, the spline parts
The 121st, the axle collar
122,332b is a lid
The 123rd, base plate
The 204th, reducer
206,220,226,418,418 ' is push rod
207a is an end face
207c is the other end
210, the 308,402, the 458th, door
The 211st, door sensor
212, the 230, the 425th, control circuit
213, the 429th, motor power
The 214th, logic circuit
215, the 405th, touch switch
216, the 217th, limit sensors
The 228th, the contact door handle device
The 229th, transmit signal circuit
The 231st, the received signal circuit
303, the 331,413, the 453rd, gear reduction
304, the 454th, torque limiting mechanism
304a, 306a, 454a, 456a, A, A ', B, C, D, E, F, F ' are gears
304b is a friction board
304c is a recess
304d is a stripping chute
304e is a window
304f is a circular hole
307a, 307b, 420c, 457a, 457b, 466a are guiding faces
309,459 is first
310,460 is second
311,312,313,314,333a, 333b, 334,420a, 420b are the support portions
420a, 420b, 422,431,465, the 466th, stopper
The 317th, card ends lid
317a, the 432nd, cylindrical portion
317b is a projection
317c is an internal diameter
317d is a stop hole
The 318th, disk spring
The 319th, set thrust plate
The 401st, freezer
The 404th, the hingen knob
The 406th, be extruded portion
408,410a, 410b, 411a, 411b, 412,412a, 412b, the 414th, spur gear
409a, 409b are fixed axis
410,411 is two joint gears
416b is a jut
416c, 416d are end faces
The 417th, sliding rotating apparatus
418b, 418b ' are biends
418c, 418c ' are guide channels
418d is interior week
418e is an alar part
418f is a stop hole
418g is the gently sloping surface
418h is prominent inclined-plane
419a is inboard spring
419b is an outside spring
The 423rd, electrode
The 424th, substrate
424a, 424b, 424c, 424d, 424e are the crystal lattice structures
The 426th, preceding inlet side stop
The 427th, retreat the end stop
The 428th, CPU
The 430th, locking mechanism
431a is first end
The 434th, the position of readiness stop
The 435th, motor revolution controller
B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2, E1, E2 are teeth
F, f1, W, w are elastic force
H1, H1 are first convex surfaces
H2, H2 are second convex surfaces
L is an opening amount
SW reverses switch
T drives workbench
X1, X2 are nut displacement
δ axially cracks
The specific embodiment
Below, describe embodiments of the present invention successively in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener first embodiment of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, door opener 1 disposes motor 2, be captured in the band cylindric chamber 3 at the end and transmit screw shaft 4 that motor 2 rotates, screw togather and be inserted in the interior nut 5 in chamber 3 with this screw shaft 4, place first spring 6 between nut 5 and chamber 3 shoulder 3a, place second spring 7 of 2 of in the chamber 3 bottom 3b and motor.And motor 2 can retreat the shape resiliency supported by second spring 7.On the periphery of screw shaft 4, be formed with helical form swivelling chute 4a, go up the swivelling chute 5a that forms with week in the nut 5 and be slidingly matched, the rotation of motor 2 is converted to the rectilinear motion of nut 5.Stainless steels such as screw shaft 4 usefulness SUS304 are made, and nut 5 is to make by itself having lubricity and friction property PPS (polyphenylene sulfide hydrochlorate) resin low and wear-resisting wiping.In addition, nut 5 is also made for basic synthetic resin with poly-imines system and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) resin.Because this slip rotating mechanism is the energy miniaturization on quiet basis, and can be antirust, so can obtain good straight line mapping device.In addition, by the suitable oblique angle of setting swivelling chute 4a of corresponding capacity motor, just can obtain the suitableeest power of stretching out of nut 5 and stretch out speed.
Fig. 1 represents that nut 5 keeps out of the way the state of portion (bottom dead centre) to the end, and Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of the swivelling chute 5a fastening state of the swivelling chute 4a of expression screw shaft 4 and nut 5.First spring 6 is composed elastic force and is being placed.Because second spring 7 is also composed elastic force and is being placed, and utilizes the elastic force w of this second spring 7 often to lean against motor 2 on the shoulder 3a in chamber 3.The relation of the elastic force w of the elastic force W of this first spring 6 and second spring 7 is set at W＞w.That is, the coefficient of elasticity of first spring 6 is set at coefficient of elasticity less than second spring 7, on nut 5, possesses the predetermined pressure W that stretches out direction often.Utilize this predetermined pressure just the first convex surface H1 of swivelling chute 5a to be leaned against on the first convex surface h1 of swivelling chute 4a pressure in accordance with regulations.On the other hand, between the second convex surface H2 of the second convex surface h2 of swivelling chute 4a and swivelling chute 5a, form the axial air gap δ of tens of um.
By making swivelling chute 4a, 5a form lead angle below 5 °, even produce axial load on the nut 5, the force transformation that screw shaft 4 is rotated.That is, nut 5 can not slide on screw shaft 4.Therefore, the advance and retreat of nut 5 depend on the angle of rotation of motor 2 itself.
Below, be example with the cold-storage door open cell, the start of door opener 1 is described.Connect touch switch (not shown), because of motor 2 energisings, when screw shaft 4 began to rotate, nut 5 stretched out.At this moment, the elastic force of first spring 6 is supported by screw shaft 4, as shown in Figure 2, and the first convex surface H1 butt of the first convex surface h1 of swivelling chute 4a and swivelling chute 5a.When nut 5 comes to when last, nut 5 stops, and along with the rotation of screw shaft 4, the first convex surface h1 of swivelling chute 4a oppositely separates with the first convex surface H1 of swivelling chute 5a.At this moment, the elastic force W of first spring 6 works as the power of opening the door.Therefore, though motor 2 firmly also can, because of using the motor of miniaturization, and do not need reducer, can make the unit light weight densification that opens the door.
Cold-storage door utilizes magnetic seal in order to have sealing, simultaneously, and for preventing half-open door, be provided with automatic blocking mechanism, though open the door the initial stage needs more energetically, but, as previously mentioned, in this initial stage, just make door open (with reference to Fig. 3) with the elastic force W of first spring 6.
In case first spring 6 exceeds drift when opening the door, the second convex surface h2 of swivelling chute 4a and the second convex surface H2 of swivelling chute 5a connect, and only the rotating nut 5 by motor 2 stretches out, and just can make door open (referring to Fig. 4).
Fig. 4 represents that nut 5 has reached the state of forefront (top dead-centre), and at this moment, the latch 5b that is arranged on the nut 5 leans against on the 3c end, 3 space, chamber, and the motion of nut 5 stops.On the other hand, because motor 2 rotating screw bolt axles 4 are also rotating, so, bearing the reaction force of latch 5b, motor 2 and screw shaft 4 are integral, and second spring 7 is being compressed retreat.
Rearward end at motor 2 is provided with contact 2b.On the 3 bottom 3b of chamber, pin 9 is installed by elastomeric elements such as spring 8.Tip at this pin 9 is provided with contact 9a, and this contact 9a and contact 2b constitute the reverse switch SW.As previously mentioned, when motor 2 leans when second spring, 7 difficulties retreat, these contacts 2b contacts with contact 9a, reverses switch SW and connects, and motor 2 begins to reverse.Reverse by motor 2, nut 5 retreats, and falls back on till the bottom dead centre shown in Figure 1.
When closing rapidly for the motor 2 forward rotation door of opening the door, during the additional external force of maybe can not opening the door, this situation also as described above, motor 2 retreats, and reverses switch SW and connects, motor 2 begins to reverse.Thereby first spring 6 and second spring 7 become buffer spring, can not produce big impact force on nut 5 and motor 2, can prevent motor 2 overburden.In addition, when the current value that detects motor 2 and allow greater than the electric current of reservation threshold by the time because the control circuit of design can stop motor 2, can prevent motor 2 overburden, and improve application life.
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener second embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 6 represents the drawing in side sectional elevation of section VI-VI line.
In Fig. 5, door opener 101 disposes motor 102, be captured in the cylindric chamber 103 at the end and transmit screw shaft 104 that motor 102 rotates, screw togather and be inserted in the interior nut 105 in chamber 103 with this screw shaft 104, place first spring 106 of 102 of in the chamber 103 bottom 103a and motor.On the periphery of screw shaft 104, be formed with helical form swivelling chute 104a, go up the swivelling chute 105a that forms with week in the nut 105 and be slidingly matched, the rotation of motor 102 is converted to the rectilinear motion of nut 105.Stainless steels such as screw shaft 104 usefulness SUS304 are made, and nut 105 is to make by itself having lubricity and friction property PPS (polyphenylene sulfide hydrochlorate) resin low and wear-resisting wiping.In addition, nut 105 is also made with poly-imines system and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) resin.Because this slip rotating mechanism is the energy miniaturization on quiet basis, and can be antirust, so can obtain good straight line mapping device.In addition, by the suitable lead angle of setting swivelling chute 104a of corresponding capacity motor, just can obtain the suitableeest power of stretching out of nut 105 and stretch out speed.
Be formed with two on nut 105 peripheries and cut limit 105c, 105c, be inserted in the chamber 103 and cut in limit 103b, the 103b in two on week.The nut 105 of Xing Chenging can be advanced and retreat with respect to chamber 103 but is not rotatable like this.105b is the stop bolt that is contained in nut 105 tip opening parts, the nut 105 of sealed hollow.On the other hand, stopping wheel 107 is housed, prevents coming off of nut 105 in screw shaft 104 first ends.In addition, because screw shaft 104 is integral with motor 102, and this motor 102 leans against on the shoulder 103c in chamber 103, so screw shaft can not be advanced and retreat but may be rotated.
Below, opening the unit with cold-storage door is example, the action of clamshell doors device 101 describes.Connect touch switch (not shown), because of motor 102 energisings, nut 105 stretched out when screw shaft 104 began to rotate, and opened door.The process of opening the door is detected by door sensor (not shown), and this door sensor is also used as the button that control freezer intraoral illumination uses, and in the freezer intraoral illumination, motor 102 begins to reverse.Because of motor 102 reverses, nut 105 reverse moving turn back to retreating position.
Door is during scram in just changeing for the motor 102 that opens the door, and in the time of maybe can not opening a ground and apply external force, retreats into 103a place, 103 bottom, chamber by screw shaft 104 motors 102 and compresses spring 106.This spring 106 becomes buffer spring, can not apply big impact force on nut 105.And,,, prevent motor 102 overburden because of being provided with the control circuit that motor 102 can begin to reverse when the current value that detects motor 102 and when having the electric current bigger to flow through than reservation threshold.
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.And the second embodiment difference is to be inserted with reducer between motor and screw shaft.Omitted the detailed description of the same parts phase position being used same label.
Be built-in with pinion gear reducer 111 at motor 102 and 105 on nut, be pressed into central gear 111a on motor shaft 102a, the pinion gear 111c of this central gear 111a and support free to rotate on carriage 111b meshes with the ring gear 111d that is built in the chamber 103 respectively.Screw shaft 104 is connected on the carriage 111b of pinion gear reducer 111, and the rotation deceleration of motor 102 is transmitted.
Fig. 8 to Figure 10 represents door opener the 4th embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 8 (a) is a longitudinal plan; (b) be the drawing in side sectional elevation of VIII-VIII line in (a), Fig. 9 is the drawing in side sectional elevation of IX-IX line among Fig. 8 (a), and Figure 10 is the side view of Fig. 8 (a).
Door opener 112 disposes motor 113, be captured in the cylindric chamber 114 at the end and transmit nut 115 that motor 113 rotates, and the screw rod 116 that screws togather of this nut 115, place the spring 117 of 113 of in the chamber 114 bottom 114a and motor.On the periphery of screw shaft 116, be formed with helical form swivelling chute 116a, go up the swivelling chute 115a that forms with week in the nut 115 and be slidingly matched, the rotation of motor 113 is converted to the rectilinear motion of screw shaft 116.Between nut 115 and motor 113, be inserted with thrust washer 118, and in housing 119, become a unit.In order to reduce the slip resistance of 113 in nut 115 and motor, this thrust washer 118 is to make with the weak abrasives with fluorine resin uniform wearability.By the suitable lead angle of setting swivelling chute 116a of corresponding capacity motor, just can obtain the suitableeest power of stretching out of screw shaft 116 and stretch out speed.
Nut 115 has tubular minor diameter part 115b, and large-diameter portion 115c was inserted in the housing 119 in weeks, and is rotatable but can not retreat.Be formed with the space 115d that is extending axially in large-diameter portion 115c end on week, card ends on the hooking sheet 113b that is based on the motor shaft 113a, and the rotation of motor 113 is sent to nut 115.
Screw shaft 116 is made of large-diameter portion 116b and minor diameter part 116c, is formed with swivelling chute 116a on large-diameter portion 116b.A minor diameter part 116c part is a chamfered edge, and inserts in spline parts 120 internal diameters, can advance and retreat but can not rotate.These spline parts 120 are to make with the weak abrasives with fluorine resin uniform wearability, are fixed on the axle collar 121 in the mode of reinforcing 114 ends, chamber.The 122nd, the lid that is contained in screw shaft 116 tips and is made by rubber etc. cushions the load-carrying that produces on screw shaft 116 grades.
Below, the start of clamshell doors device 112 describes.Touch switch (not shown) is connected, and because of motor 113 energisings, screw shaft 116 stretched out when nut 115 began to rotate, and opened door.The process of opening the door is detected by door sensor (not shown), and this door sensor is also used as the button that control freezer intraoral illumination uses, and in the freezer intraoral illumination, motor 113 begins to reverse.Because of motor 113 reverses, screw shaft 116 reverse moving turn back to retreating position.
Door is during scram in just changeing for the motor 113 that opens the door, and in the time of maybe can not opening a ground and apply external force, by screw shaft 116, nut 115, motor 113 retreats into 114a place, 114 bottom, chamber, compresses spring 117.This spring 117 becomes buffer spring, can not apply big impact force on nut 105 and motor 113.And,,, prevent motor 113 overburden because of being provided with the control circuit that motor 113 can begin to reverse when the current value that detects motor 113 and when having the electric current bigger to flow through than reservation threshold.
Figure 11 (a) is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 5th embodiment of the present invention; (b) drawing in side sectional elevation of expression section XI-XI line.
In Figure 11, door opener 201 disposes motor 202, be captured in the band chamber, the end 203 and transmit screw shaft 205 that motors 202 rotate, screw togather and be inserted in nut 207 in the push rod 206 at the end, place in the spring 208 that is formed by nut 207 1 end face 107a and push rod 206 bottom 206a in the annulus with this screw shaft 205 by reducer 204.On the periphery of screw shaft 205, be formed with helical form swivelling chute 205a, go up the swivelling chute (not shown) that forms with week in the nut 207 and be slidingly matched, the rotation of motor 202 is converted to the rectilinear motion of nut 207.Stainless steels such as screw shaft 205 usefulness SUS304 are made, and nut 207 is with gathering imines system and the molded formation of PTFE resin injection.Owing to have this slip rotating mechanism, improved abrasion resistance, weak friction and rotproofness.
Be formed with two on nut 207 peripheries and cut limit 207b, 207b, be inserted in two of push rod 206 interior all upward formation and cut limit 206b, 206b inboard.Nut 207 can be advanced and retreat relative to push rod 206 but can not be rotated like this.On the periphery of push rod 206, be formed with two and cut limit 206c, 206c, be inserted in two of chamber 203 interior all upward formation and cut limit 203a, 203a inboard.The push rod 206 of Xing Chenging 203 can be advanced and retreat but can not rotate relative to the chamber like this.
All opening parts are equipped with stopping wheel 209 in the push rod 206, engage with the other end 207c of nut 207.Like this, stoped nut 207 to move axially, can not come off from the openend of push rod 206.
Below, be example with the unit that opens the door, the start of freezer door opener 201 is described according to Figure 11 to Figure 14.Figure 11 (a) expression cold-storage door 210 closure states.The other end 207c of nut 207 is fastened on the stopping wheel 209, and at this moment, nut 207 is positioned near motor 202 places.Spring 208 only is in the clamping compressed state by natural length between an end face 207a and push rod 206 bottom 206a of nut 207.Therefore, push rod 206 and door 210 only keep not departing from state.Herein, the 211st, the door sensor that detecting gate 210 is opened.
Figure 12 is identical with Figure 11, and cold-storage door 210 is in closure state, and expression is connected rear motor 202 energisings because of touch switch (not shown), and screw shaft 205 begins to rotate.By the rotation of screw shaft 205, nut 207 moves axially, and produces the gap at nut 207 and 209 of stopping wheels, and spring 208 is in slightly compressed state.But can not reach the power that can open door 210, push rod 206 just stops extruding door 210.
Figure 13 is identical with Figure 12, and cold-storage door 210 is handled closure state, and nut 207 is also moving axially, and spring 208 is also by compression, and expression has reached the state of the power that can open door 210.So far, rely on moving of nut 207, put aside compressive force on spring 208, subsequently, even nut 207 is mobile slightly, also can lean on the restoring force of spring 208, push rod 206 is shot out with the speed that is higher than nut 207 translational speeds, can open door 210 rapidly.
Figure 14 represents the state after door 210 is opened, and relies on the restoring force of spring 208, and nut 207 is fastened on the stopping wheel 209.Opening door 210 backs detects by door sensor 211.Door sensor 211 is also used as the button that control freezer intraoral illumination uses, and in the freezer intraoral illumination, motor 202 begins to reverse.Like this, nut 207 is integral backwards rotation with push rod 206, turns back to primary position shown in Figure 11.
When push rod 206 reaches maximum and stretches out state, and, for opening door 210, during motor 202 is just changeing during the door scram, in the time of maybe can not opening a ground and apply external force, because of this spring 208 by compression, on nut 207, can not apply big impact force.Only nut 206 retreats.When aforesaid state, even motor 202 is just being changeed carry out opening action under door 210 situations about can not open, reverse after making motor 202 just change certain hour, nut 207 is retreated, begin to return the action of push rod 206.By managing the conduction time to kind of motor 202, just can control the positive backwards rotation of motor 202, additive method illustrates with Figure 15.
In Figure 15, control circuit 212 has motor power 213 and the logic circuit 214 that is made of the transistored bridge circuit.When in the signal input logic circuit 214 of touch switch 215, motor 202 is just being changeed by motor power 213.When opening door 210 the time, door sensor 211 detects this, in the signal input logic circuit 214, motor 202 is reversed.Except that this this method, if be provided for detecting the limit sensors 216 of push rod 206 preceding inlet sides in chamber 203, this limit sensors 216 detects the preceding inlet side of push rod 206, in this detection signal input logic circuit 214, motor 202 is reversed.In addition, if limit sensors 217 is set on the going-back position of push rod 206, in this detection signal input logic circuit 214, motor 202 is stopped.
Be used for motor 202 electric currents of drive screw axle 205 in detection, and this current value exceeds under the situation of allowed band, be judged as and apply external force to door 210 motor 202 is reversed, nut 207 is retreated turn back to the primary position place.In logic circuit 214, except management conduction time of motor 202, signal that also can input gate sensor 211, limit sensors 216 and 217 signal and the detection signal of electric current.According to these signals, just can control motor 202 starting, stop, rotation direction, rotation time etc.
Figure 16 represents door 210 open modes identical with Figure 14, and difference is control push rod 206 to be installed stretch out the parts of speed in chamber 218.Other same parts, same parts are represented with same label, omit its detailed description.218 openend is equipped with elastomeric elements 219 such as O shape ring in the chamber.When push rod 206 stretches out, produce friction on push rod 206 by this elastomeric element 219, suppress the speed of stretching out of push rod 206.By advancing of nut 207, compression spring 208, utilize its restoring force, door 210 is opened, even making door 210 once opens, push rod 206 is stretched out rapidly, can suitably control the speed of stretching out of push rod 206 on the stroke amount that is consistent, can improve safety yet.In addition, a plurality of elastomeric elements 219 can also be installed as required.
Embodiment shown in Figure 17 is the different variant embodiment of spline parts itself of push rod and nut.Other same parts, same parts are represented with same label, omit its detailed description.Be substituted in form on aforementioned push rod 206 peripheries two cut limit 206c, 206c, but push rod 220 peripheries become cylindric, and are inserted in 221 cylinder inner peripheral surface inboards, chamber.Be provided with pin 222 in that its openend is upright, be fastened among the space 221a that forms on the chamber 221.The width of this space 221a is more slightly larger than the external diameter of pin 222, and vertically forms, and when preventing that spiral shell push rod 220 from rotating, can limit the overhang of push rod 220.
The periphery of nut 223 becomes cylindric, and is inserted in the cylinder inner peripheral surface inboard of push rod 220.On its periphery, stand and be provided with pin 224, be fastened among the space 220a that forms on the push rod 220.The width of this space 220a is more slightly larger than the external diameter of pin 224, and vertically forms, and when preventing that nut 223 from rotating, can limit the amount of movement of nut 223.
Figure 18 represents the spline parts variant embodiment of push rod and nut.Other same parts, same parts are represented with same label, omit its detailed description.The periphery of nut 225 is cylindric, and is inserted in push rod 226 cylinder inner peripheral surface inboards.Uprightly on its periphery be provided with pin 227, be fastened in the space 221a that forms in the space 226a that forms on the push rod 226 and the chamber 221.The pin 227 that cause is fastened among space 226a, the 221a is same, when preventing that nut 225 and push rod 226 from rotating, can limit the overhang of push rod 226.
Figure 19 represents to utilize the control circuit of wireless mode.The transmission signal circuit 229 that contact door handle device 228 is built-in with touch switch 215 and the signal wireless from touch switch 215 is transmitted.In control circuit 230, be built-in with reception from the received signal circuit 231 of touch switch 215 signals, according to the starting of received signal control motor 202, stop, the logic circuit 214 and the motor power 213 of rotation direction, rotation time etc.The connection of radio communication touch switch 215, motor 202 startings, the action of opening the door.
In transmitting signal circuit 229, be provided with the infrared light-emitting component that TV etc. uses, in the circuit 231 of received signal, be provided with photo detector.Except this infrared signal, also can adopt the mode of using small electric wave.If adopt this communication, do not need distribution, install and remove door opener 201 easily.Therefore, also can be at middle back dress door openers 201 such as the freezers in the existing use.
Figure 20 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 6th embodiment of the present invention.Door opener 301 disposes motor 302, the gear reduction 303 that transmits these motor 302 rotations, torque limiting mechanism 304 and the sliding rotating apparatus that is provided in these gear reduction 303 least significant ends slow down, this sliding rotating apparatus is by with this gear reduction 303 and the screw shaft of establishing 305 with screw togather nut 306 rotatable but that can not advance and retreat with this screw shaft 305 and constitute.
By motor shaft 302a, utilize gear reduction 303, the rotation of motor 302 is slowed down, pass to nut 306 through torque limiting mechanism 304.Constitute the gear 304a and the engagement of the gear 306a on nut 306 peripheries of torque limiting mechanism 304.Nut 306 screws togather with screw shaft 305, and nut 306 is screwed on the screw shaft 305, is formed with swivelling chute (not shown) respectively on the periphery of interior week of nut 306 and screw shaft 305, utilizes this swivelling chute engaging to constitute so-called sliding rotating apparatus.Utilize gear reduction 303 the rotations that are decelerated motor 302, be transformed into the rectilinear motion of screw shaft 305,, thereby open 308 because screw shaft 305 relative housings 307 stretch out by nut 306.
Be provided with first 309 continuously with the coaxial place of motor shaft 302a, this axle center of first 309 is parallel with second 310 that is being set up in parallel.On first 309, turn and supporting gear C and gear E, on second 310, supporting gear B, gear D, gear F and gear 304a respectively.Gear 304a is by being used to constitute the friction board 304b of torque limiting mechanism 304, the free to rotate support.Only gear F is fixed on second 310 relative second 310 free to rotate support of other gear B and gear D.
Be fixed on the gear A on the motor shaft 302a and be fixed on gear F on second 310 and made by the metal that sintering metal etc. constitutes, other gear B, C, D, E form by injection-molded moulding.And these gear B, C, D, E are formed with a big young waiter in a wineshop or an inn respectively and plant tooth B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2, E1, E2, have densification.Though be to use the spur gear example here, be not limited thereto, also can be helical gear.
First 309 is fixed on the housing 307 on the support portion 311,312 that forms, and the one end is fitted loosely in the internal diameter of gear A.On the other hand, second 310 rotatable being supported on the support portion 313,314 that forms on the housing 307.
Be formed with helical form swivelling chute (not shown) on weeks in the nut 306, and nut 306 is to be made by mechanical strength height, PPS resin itself that have lubricity, rich weak friction property and a mar proof.In addition, the also available polyacetals of nut 306 system and gather imines system and fluorine-containing be that resin is made.On the other hand, be formed with helical form swivelling chute (not shown) on screw shaft 305 peripheries, and stainless steel such as screw shaft 305 usefulness SUS304 is made.This sliding rotating apparatus is the energy miniaturization on quiet basis, and the straight line mapping device that obtains has rust-preventing characteristic, and the durability height.
Be provided with the retainer 315 that touches on the end face in nut 306 sides, make nut 306 be in rotatable but at axial immovable state.This retainer 315 is integrally formed with housing 307, and bears portion's holding nut 306 with the U word shape of upper opening.On the other hand, also be provided with retainer 316 at screw shaft 305 1 ends, formation screw shaft 305 does not turn but can axially movable state.This retainer 316 is made the rectangle with guiding face 316a, 316a, is being guided by guiding face 307a, the 307b of housing 307 and is sliding, and stops when touching retainer 315.Therefore, the stroke amount of screw shaft 305 is limited by retainer 316.The power of stretching out of screw shaft 305 and the speed of stretching out depend on the speed reducing ratio of motor 302 capacity and gear reduction 303, and, suitably change the helical pitch of sliding rotating apparatus, just can adjust the desirable power of stretching out and stretch out speed.
Usually, the action feature of sliding rotating apparatus is to make the screw shaft advance and retreat by nut is rotated, perhaps, make the nut advance and retreat by screw shaft is rotated, be in the state that the qualification nut moves axially and screw shaft rotates, can not push the screw shaft that is screwed on the nut.
But, because the helical pitch of sliding rotating apparatus is set in screw shaft 305 nominal diameters more than 1 times in the scope below 5 times in this form of implementation, move axially under the state that rotates with screw shaft 305 in 306 rotations of qualification nut, in case extruding is screwed on the screw shaft 305 on the nut 306, the effect of this helical pitch is that nut 306 rotates.Screw shaft 305 in this form of implementation has utilized the special role different with common sliding rotating apparatus with nut 306.
Below, the action that makes door 308 door openers of opening 301 is described with Figure 20.The rotation of motor 302 passed to second 310 gear B from gear A.Plant tooth tooth B1 and B2 owing to be formed with a big young waiter in a wineshop or an inn on the gear B, when the rotation of motor 302 is passed to gear C, just can carry out double reduction with a gear B.
Equally, on gear C, be formed with a big young waiter in a wineshop or an inn and plant tooth C1 and tooth C2, pass to gear E successively from gear D, and finally pass to gear F.If gear B, gear C, gear D, gear E are same style, the mistake assembling in the time of eliminating assembling etc. improve operation, can reduce cost simultaneously.Because the rotation of this motor 302 is by being configured in the gear train on aforesaid first 309 and second 310,5 grades of decelerations have directly been carried out in 309,310 crooked walkings along the street through diaxon, so, can be limited to minimum degree to taking up space of reducing gear, small-sized efficient ground carries out transmission of torque.
The rotation of gear F is passed to gear 304a by friction board 304b from second 310.Make the gear 306a engagement that forms on this gear 304a and the nut 306, be transformed into the rectilinear motion of screw shaft 305.Because the gear 306a of nut 306 and the gear 304a of torque limiting mechanism 304 are same style, herein can speed change.
Describe torque limiting mechanism 304 in detail with Figure 21 to Figure 24 below.Opening door at 308 o'clock, perhaps, when closing door 308 ground in the open way and applying external force, on screw shaft 305 effect with stretch out the reverse power of direction.At this moment, though on screw shaft 305, applied brake force, blocked rotatory force from motor 302 by torque limiting mechanism 304 shown in Figure 21.That is, slide because of the friction board 304b place in being built in torque limiting mechanism 304 produces, can not pass to nut 306 to the rotation of motor 302, the start of screw shaft 305 stops.If remove external force etc., can make the friction transmission of the rotation of motor 302 by friction board 304b, screw shaft 305 moves once more.
At this, even action the time has increased impact, the tooth that forms on nut 306 peripheries and its leading portion tooth have only between the instantaneous variation flank of tooth of backlash amount and collide, and because of the tooth of nut 306 sides is that synthetic resin is made, are subjected to inhibition that impulsive sound is reduced.Because of making screw shaft 305, any reason can not turn back to the home position, and when door 308 being closed because of this state, because nut 306 is made by the PPS resin, and frictional resistance is minimum, limiting under the mobile vertically state of nut 306, when extruding was screwed to screw shaft 305 on the nut 306, nut 306 rotated, and absorbed this rotation and torques by torque limiting mechanism 304.Therefore, this impact load can not damage door opener 301.
Figure 22 represents to constitute the gear 304a of torque limiting mechanism 304, (a) is elevation, (b) is longitudinal plan, (c) is lateral view.Gear 304a is formed with hollow form recess 304c, and at one end portion is provided with the stripping chute 304d that is used to form recess 304c, is provided with in the other end to be used for only covering the 317 window 304e that engage with card.Stripping chute 304d is along circumferentially disposing with eyebrow shape 3 branches such as grade.Window 304e has space 304g at interior all 3 places of circular hole 304f.
Figure 23 represents that card only covers 317, (a) is elevation, (b) is longitudinal plan.Card only covers 317 to be made discoideusly, and periphery 3 places have projection 317b in cylindrical portion 317a end.Internal diameter 317c is inserted in outward on second 310, as shown in figure 24, after placing friction board 304b and butterfly spring 318 on the gear 304a, the space 304g of gear 304a is matched with projection 317b position be inserted in the window 304e, subsequently, rotate 60 degree card is only covered 317 positioning and fixing on gear 304a.317d is a stop hole, is used to engage be stuck in only cover the rotation controling piece that forms on 317 end faces.Torque limiting mechanism 304 as previously mentioned, because of structure is to make friction board 304 and butterfly spring 318 overlapping combinations, can light weight densification.
Figure 25 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 7th embodiment of the present invention.With aforementioned the 6th embodiment (Figure 20) difference be gear reduction and screw shaft structure.Same parts, same parts are represented with same label, omit its detailed description.
In door opener 330, the rotation of motor 302 is slowed down with gear reduction 331 by motor shaft 302a, and pass to nut 306.On the periphery of screw shaft 332, be formed with the swivelling chute 332a that screws togather with nut 306 interior all swivelling chutes (not shown) of going up formation.The motor 302 that is slowed down by gear reduction 331 is rotated, be transformed into the rectilinear motion of screw shaft 332 by nut 306.Be equipped with at the tip of screw shaft 332 and contact (not shown) with door and lid 332b that made by elastomeric material, this screw shaft 332 is guided by being arranged on housing 333 interior support portion 333a, 333b and retainers 315.
Gear reduction 331 is by first 309 that is provided with in succession with the coaxial shape of motor shaft 302a, and with this first 309 second 310 of being set up in parallel on respectively a plurality of gear trains of configuration constitute.This gear train comprises the gear A that is pressed on the motor shaft 302a ', rotatable gear C and gear E and rotatable gear B, gear D, the gear F ' that is supported on second 310 that is supported on first 309.These gears are by forming synthetic resin injection mould moulding such as polyacetal resin, and are same style, therefore, can further reduce cost than aforesaid gears group.In addition, also can locate the not shown torque limiting mechanism of affix at least significant end gear F '.
The 334th, the support portion of support motor axle 302a free to rotate, first 309 and second 310 undertaken by support portion 311,312 that is provided with on the housing 333 and support portion 313,314 respectively can not rotational support.
Figure 26 is the freezer oblique view that door opener of the present invention is installed in expression.Figure 27 (a) is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 8th embodiment of the present invention; (b) be the lateral view of (a); (c) longitudinal plan of XXVII-XXVII line in the expression (a).
In Figure 26, the door opener 403 of opening 401 402 in freezer is installed in the freezer 401 main body tops with hingen knob 404 opposite sides, when touch switch 405 that extruding door 402 is provided with previously, these door opener 403 actions can be ejected the portion that is extruded 406 that is arranged on the door 402.As the power that is used to open door 402, i.e. the power of stretching out as door opener 403 push rods 418, must become can seal washer from freezer 401 body portion from power, the sealing packing ring is not shown, is used for the main body of hermatic door 402 and freezer 401.Usually, in order to improve the sealing of freezer 401, be built-in with magnet (not shown) in seal washer, this separating force is 2-3kg.
In order to verify push rod 418 overhangs and the relation of stretching out speed, the applicant is provided with on the same axle at freezer 401 main body sidepieces and drives workbench T, and conversion drives actuating speed and the stroke of workbench T, has investigated the opening amount L of door 402.Usually, because of hingen knob 404 is provided with the automatic locking mechanism of making as the rubber that prevents half-open mechanism,, also can close to the doorstep 402 by drawing even open the door 402 degree that 50mm arranged.That is,, also can open door 402 quickly, surpass beyond this automatic locking mechanism active position, when workbench T retreats, close once more and call 402 but can not open into the speed of stretching out of 200/sec even the stroke of workbench T (overhang) is 50mm.Because can there be a difference installation site of door opener 403, the applicant is through probatio inspectionem pecuoarem, under the situation with 50mm stroke, the speed of stretching out of push rod 418 is necessary for 200mm/sec, checking shows, stretches out if use than this higher high speed, then can open door 402.
One end of screw shaft 415 cuts one side, and to form section be D word shape, and the spur gear 414 that is all this D word shape with internal diameter cooperates, and can with screw shaft 415 unitary rotation.By the internal diameter studdle axle 415 of the support portion 420a of housing 420, support spur gear 414 by 420a side, support portion and support portion 420b.421 are mounted in the stopping wheel of screw shaft 415 ends, positioning and fixing spur gear 414 in axially.Screw shaft 415 relies on support portion 420a to turn but can not axially advance and retreat.
The rotation of motor 407 from spur gear 408 transmission of slowing down successively, passes to the spur gear 414 that meshes with this spur gear 412 by spur gear 412 by two joint gears 410,411 at last; And, pass to the screw shaft 415 with this spur gear 414 unitary rotation, be transformed into the rectilinear motion of the nut 416 that screws togather with this screw shaft 415.At this, though as the reducing gear example use the gear reduction 413 of spur gear, also can use other reducing gear.In addition, gear is to adopt synthetic resin injection mould moulding such as polyacetal resin are formed.If be coated with sliding agent on these gears again, then can suppress wearing and tearing and noise.
On periphery, be formed with 1 or many helical form swivelling chute 415a at screw shaft 415, go up the swivelling chute 416a that forms with week in the nut 416 and be slidingly matched.By described later can not rotational support nut 416, can become the rotational transform of motor 407 rectilinear motion of nut 406.In addition, stainless steels such as screw shaft 415 usefulness SUS304 are made, nut 416 by as synthetic resin injection mould moulding formation such as poly-imines system and PPS system.The advantage of this sliding rotating apparatus 417 is to have mar proof, low friction property and corrosion resistance.
Shown in the exploded view of Figure 28, be formed with two on push rod 418 peripheries and cut face 418b, becoming has the round-ended cylinder shape, two cuts and is formed with the space shape guide channel 418c that the jut 416b to nut 416 guides on the one side of face 418b at this.Nut 416 is inserted into nut engaged 416 jut 416b owing to push rod 418 in, can freely advance and retreat on all 418d along this guide channel 418c slip, so can not rotate and straight line moves.Form space 418e in push rod 418 ends, avoided interference with spur gear 410a.In addition, push rod 418 can improve abrasion resistance because of being made by synthetic resin such as polyacetals and propylene, simultaneously, can relax the impulsive sound that is extruded portion 406 with aforementioned door 402.
To support push rod 418 from housing 420 extended shapes, at the stopper 422 that these push rod 418 rear projection settings are made of pair of pin, push rod 418 can not come off from nut 416 when touching nut 416 end face 416d.In addition, not being defined as this pin as stopper 422, for example, also can be that card ends wheel.
It is more outstanding that the jut 416b of nut 416 cuts face 418b than two of push rod 418, can slide to stop along nut 416 rotary states of housing 420 guiding face 420c.Two of push rod 418 is cut face 418b and is matched with the guiding face 420d of housing 420, and housing 420 does not turn but can advance and retreat relatively.In addition, because of in the guide channel 418c of push rod 418, engaging the jut 416b of nut 416, can there be two of push rod 418 to cut face 418b yet.
In addition, in order to detect the position of nut 416, the jut 416b of nut 416 is provided with electrode 423, and the substrate 424 of going up setting with housing 420 guiding face 420c is mutually opposed.Electrode 423 forms by conductive metal plates such as crooked phosphor bronze sheets, is pressed on the substrate 424 by spring, prevents its come-up, also can insert upper spring in addition in electrode 423 the insides.
On substrate 424, be formed with crystal lattice structure shown in Figure 33 crystal lattice 424a, 424b, 424c 424d.These crystal lattices 424a, 424b, 424c, 424d are provided with respectively at interval, the electric conductivity paper tinsel that is made of Copper Foil etc. in the attaching.When jut 416b by crystal lattice 424a, 424b, 424c, when 424d is last, make crystal lattice 424a, the 424b of adjacency or 424c, 424d short circuit by electrode 423, just can detect the position of nut 416.In the present embodiment, when 424a, 424b short circuit, can detect and retreat end; When 424c, 424d short circuit, can detect preceding inlet side.In order to reduce signal line, 424b and 424c as common crystal lattice and during short circuit, its effect is can be by being electrically connected to the function that plays on the GND as limit switch.Paper tinsel as these crystal lattices 424a, 424b, 424c, 424d because of weak strength in Copper Foil, also will plate Ni on copper foil surface, implement the gold-plated surfacing of Denging more thereon.In addition,, in detecting nut 416 positions, can adopt the self-cleaning contact formula, but be not limited to this, also can adopt the contactless magnetic procuratorial organ formula that constitutes by magnet and magnetic probe at this.
Below, with Figure 27, Figure 29 and Figure 30 the start as this door opener 403 of the unit that opens the door is described.401 402 closed conditions of Figure 27 (a) expression freezer.At this moment, nut 416 is positioned at and retreats end, and the crystal lattice 424a of substrate 424,424b are because of electrode 423 short circuits.And, have only inboard spring 419a to be in squeezed state, nut 416 end face 416d touch stopper 422.In this state, the portion that is extruded 406 of door 402 contacts with push rod 418, just contact a little.
In this state during face contact formula switch 405, imported 402 the instruction of opening the door, motor 407 rotates.As shown in figure 29, when motor 407 begins to rotate, spur gear 408 rotates, slow down by the two joint gears 410 that constitute by spur gear 410a and 410b, the two joint gears 411 and the spur gear 412 that constitute by spur gear 411a and 411b, finally, rotating with the spur gear 414 of these spur gear 412 engagements and the screw shaft 415 that is fixed on this spur gear 414.When nut 416 advances in the rectilinear motion that is nut 416 to the rotational transform of this screw shaft 415, at first only compress inboard spring 419a, subsequently, also make outside spring 419b in conjunction with compressing.The nut 416 compression spring 419 that advances can also improve its compressive force, when reaching when opening the door 402 required power, door 402 from freezer 401 body portion from.
As shown in figure 30, owing to be initial point with nut 416 end face 416c, spring 419 recovers, the power that push rod 418 usefulness are littler than the initial stage, and stretch out quickly than nut 416 paces, stretch out with the high speed that on motor 407, can not produce load.Therefore, even surpassed door 402 automatic blocking mechanism (not shown) operating distances, also can flick door 402.In addition, at this moment, because of stopper 422 touches on the nut 416 end face 416d, push rod 418 can not come off from nut 416.
At this, electrode 423 detects the crystal lattice 424c of substrate 424,424d short circuit nut 416 and comes preceding inlet side.At this moment, motor 407 begins to reverse, and nut 416 retreats.Along with this nut 416 retreats, nut 416 end face 416d push stopper 422, and push rod 418 also retreats jointly with nut 416.Subsequently, as the crystal lattice 424a of substrate 424 and 424b during by electrode 423 short circuits, receive this detection signal, the rotation of motor 407 stops, and has finished a series of actions (state of Figure 27) of 402 of opening the door.
Stretch out state for push rod 418 is reached maximum, and open door 402, when door 402 was closed suddenly in motor 407 is just changeing, when perhaps door 402 can not apply external force with opening, at this moment, spring 419 received compressive force, can only allow push rod 418 retreat.Therefore, the elasticity of spring 419 becomes damping of shocks, can not apply impact force on nut 416 and spur gear 414 etc., can stably protect door opener 403 inside, can improve durability.At this, promptly use any external force can not open door 402, motor 407 is rotated after certain hours open start, motor 407 is reversed, nut 416 is retreated, can control returning push rod 418.Outstanding the tongue in the sliding rotating apparatus 417 half, for example,, just can push push rod 418 nut 416 is retreated if use the tongue that is at least 3 times of screw shaft 415 diameters of axle, even during power failure, manually also can turn back to primary position to push rod 418.
Can have the limit switch function, be used to detect the preceding inlet side of this nut 416 and retreat end, but also can omit this limit switch function by the positive de-rotation of controlling motor 407 conduction time of management motor 407.In freezer 401, can use under the situation of door sensor (not shown), utilize this door sensor detecting signal that motor 407 is stopped, also can replacing the backward movement of nut 416.In addition, detect the current value of motor 407, motor 407 is reversed, nut 416 is retreated.
Figure 31 is the curve map that position and spring 419 elastic force of the nut 416 of expression door opener of the present invention concern.Under the situation of in the past using single spring, along with advancing of nut 416, dull linear the increasing of the elastic force f that dotted line is represented, door 402 power of leaving freezer 401 main bodys are f1, the point when surpassing f1 is opened door 402.Subsequently, nut 416 advances to spacing place, preceding inlet side, utilizes the restoring force of spring 419, and push rod 418 stretches out with the high speed that surpasses nut 416 paces, and door 402 is flicked.At this moment, because of the load that applies at nut 416 end face 416c in spring 419 compression processes increases in time, load is applied on the motor 407, rotates slowly to descend, and the time of opening of door 402 is elongated as a result.At this, can also use the big slightly spring of spring constant, like this, can also shorten the time of advent before push rod 418 becomes the required elastic force f1 of nearly rigid body, shorten the displacement X1 that door 402 leaves the preceding nut 416 of freezer 401 main bodys, spring recovers, the overhang of push rod 418 diminishes, and is difficult to open door 402.For door 402 is flicked, leave moment of freezer 401 main bodys at door 402, nut 416 is advanced, utilize the recovery of spring 419, expectation can be born the unnecessary amount of stretching out in push rod 418 strokes.
In the present embodiment, because of length different inboard spring 419a and outside spring 419b are made up, constitute nonlinear spring 419, shown in solid line among Figure 31, owing to nut 416 initial stage of advancing is set spring index (inboard spring 419a) for a short time, so, can control the load that applies on the motor 407, nut 416 is advanced more at high speed, set way medi-spring constant (inboard spring 419a+ outside spring 419b) for and become big, the stage reaches f1 to elastic force f in early days.Therefore, nut 416 amount of movements that elastic force f reaches before the f1 are X2, compare with the situation of using Hookean spring, can add the displacement of big nut 416 in the same space.That is to say that in the process of advancing of nut 416, it is big that spring constant becomes, make elastic force f (restoring force) savings of spring 419, the overhang of the push rod 418 that can extend; And, because the speed of stretching out of push rod 418 also becomes the high speed above nut 416 paces, so, the time of opening before the door 402 in fact can be shortened.
Figure 32 represents an embodiment of control circuit.Control circuit 425 itself both can be combined in the control circuit in the freezer 401, also can place in 403 of door openers.Instruction door 402 contacts of opening are opened 405 door 402 fronts that are arranged on freezer 401.This 402 OPEN signal and nut 416 preceding inlet side stops 426 and the signal that retreats end stop 427 are sent to control circuit 425, carry out the rotation control of motor 407.These signals are by being connected to the motor power 429 on the one-chip CPU 428, and the rotation direction of motor 407 and rotation time etc. are managed.Therefore, for example,,, also can avoid when motor 407 has mechanical breakdown, burning element etc. because of being set at maximum value to the conduction time of motor 407 even preceding inlet side stop 426, retreat end stop 427 and cause not matching.In addition, replace CPU428 timer IC of going up also capable of being combined and general logic circuit.
Figure 34 is the longitudinal plan of expression door opener the 9th embodiment of the present invention.Wherein, be with the difference of aforementioned the 8th embodiment that additional on push rod on the structure have locking mechanism, other same parts, same parts are represented with same label, omit its detailed description.
In this door opener 403 ', the rotation of motor 407 by two joint gears 410,411, relies on spur gear 412 transmission of slowing down successively from spur gear 408, passes to the spur gear 414 that meshes with spur gear 412 at last.Pass to the screw shaft 415 with spur gear 414 unitary rotation again, be transformed into the rectilinear motion of the nut 416 that screws togather with screw shaft 415.At this, with the additional locking mechanism 430 of the form of not stretching out push rod 418 ', nut 416 is advanced, compressing spring 419.
As shown in figure 35, the hollow form stopper 431 that locking mechanism 430 is formed with first end 431a to convex surface can freely be advanced and retreat to cooperate and is inserted in housing 420 ' and go up in the cylindrical portion 432 that forms, and between these cylindrical portion 432 bottoms and stopper 431, compose elasticity and placing spring 433.The first end 431a of stopper 431 stretches out from housing 420 ', contacts with push rod 418 '.
On the other hand, on push rod 418 ', as shown in figure 36, on a biend 418b ' side, be formed with guide channel 418c ', rib 418e and stop hole 418f.On the guide channel 418c ' side of clamping rib 418e, be formed with gently sloping surface 418g respectively, on the side of stop hole 418f, be formed with prominent inclined-plane 418h.In lock-out state, stopper 431 stretches out, and first end 431a is connected on this prominent inclined-plane 418h, utilizes spring 433 restoring forces to suppress push rod 418 ' and stretches out.This state is waited for the open instruction of door 402 down.When unlocking,, and be fastened among the guide channel 418c ' owing to stopper 431 first end 431a readvance along gently sloping surface 418g, so, can not hinder stretching out of push rod 418 '.
Figure 37 represents the substrate 424 ' in this form of implementation.This substrate 424 ' is affix crystal lattice 424e among crystal lattice 424a, 424b, 424c, the 424d at aforesaid base plate 424.Like this, set at electrode 423 in the moment of crystal lattice 424c and this crystal lattice 424e short circuit, motor 407 is rotated stop and being in holding state.
During from holding state input gate 402 OPENs of Figure 34, motor 407 rotates, and nut 416 advances, and further spring 419 is compressed.When the elastic force f of this spring 419 increase reached the elastic force of regulation, the convex surface of first end 431a overcame spring 433, and sliding in prominent inclined-plane 418h retreats, and releasing stopper 431 engages with push rod 418 '.In latch-release, immediately savings is attached on the door 402 at the elastic force f on the spring 419 quickly, door 402 from freezer 401 body portion from, utilize the restoring force of spring 419, push rod 418 ' stretches out at a high speed, just can open 402.
Subsequently, nut 416 arrives to retreat and holds stop to retreat before after end stop place is advanced in the arrival of advancing.When this nut 416 retreated, push rod 418 ' also retreated by stopper 422.When near retreating when end, stopper 431 first end 431a retreat along gently sloping surface 418g, become lock-out state retreating end stop place.Then, nut 416 is advanced, stop at position of readiness place shown in Figure 34, finish a series of starts.In addition, consider the sliding properties of this stopper 431 and push rod 418 '.For example, the material of push rod 418 ' is under the situation about forming with synthetic resin such as polyacetals, and is plastic better than metal abrasion resistance.At this, use synthetic resin such as polyacetals and poly-imines.If the lubricated wet goods sliding agent of coating can improve sliding properties and abrasion resistance on the slide plane of stopper 431 and push rod 418 '.
Figure 38 represents to adopt other control circuits of standby mode.Be that with illustrated control circuit difference among Figure 32 additional have position of readiness stop 434, omits its explanation.
In the 9th embodiment, the same with the 8th embodiment, inboard spring 419a and outside spring 419b in the combination constitute nonlinear spring 419, but this standby mode nonlinear spring 419 not necessarily also can utilize locking mechanism 430 to constitute single spring.Even use single spring with this Hookean spring constant, in advance this is compressed, the restoring force of this elastic force of savings is composed to push rod 418 ', push rod 418 ' is stretched out with the high speed that is higher than nut 416 paces.Therefore, go up additional locking mechanism 430,, also can open door 402 at short notice even the stroke of push rod 418 ' itself is short by giving push rod 418 '.
In the embodiment of above detailed description, can shorten the time before opening the door, but, motor is rotated, per 1 molar behavior time duration 1-1.5 second in order after opening, to turn back to primary position.Therebetween, motor-driven sound continues, and aspect quietness, when opening the back action, has only low noise as far as possible.This noise generation source is a gear mechanism, in order to suppress the noise level from gear, uses plastic gear, and lubrication oil is gone up in coating again.Furthermore, the means as suppressing this driving sound as shown in figure 39, are attached to motor revolution controller 435 in the control circuit 425, when returning start after opening, reduce the rotating speed of motor 407, also can reduce noise level.As this motor revolution controller 435, can reduce the motor auxiliary voltage effectively.Also can in modes such as PWM, use the type of drive of motor 407.In addition, in this form of implementation, when motor is reversed push rod 418,418 ' to the primary position involution, but be not limited thereto, for example, pass to push rod 418,418 ' by being extruded the inertia force that portion 406 opens the door the user at 402 o'clock, promptly, need not electronic rotary electric machine, pressure-ram 418,418 ', gear is reversed also can be to the primary position involution.
More than, the invention process form is illustrated, but the present invention is not subjected to the qualifications such as any condition in the form of implementation, this is an exemplifying embodiment, say nothing of, in the scope that does not break away from these main points, all forms of implementation can also be arranged, scope of the present invention is illustrated by the scope of claims, comprise with claim record scope equivalents and scope in whole variations.
Claims (32)
1. door opener, being used to open Men Yiduan is with the rotatable rotary door that supports of hinge, it is characterized in that, dispose the band cylinder chamber at the end, be inserted in motor this chamber in, be inserted in the rotatable but nut that can advance and retreat in the aforementioned cavities, and this nut screw togather and utilize screw shaft that the driving force of motor is rotated, make aforementioned nut stretch out first spring, tax elastic force that direction depends on second spring between being housed in bottom aforementioned motor and the aforementioned cavities to it with the power of stipulating; These parts vertically straight line be arranged in the aforementioned cavities, aforementioned motor is freely advanced and retreat, utilize the positive backwards rotation of this motor to make the aforementioned nut advance and retreat.
2. door opener according to claim 1 is characterized in that, sets aforementioned motor for by retreating the connection switch, and carries out backwards rotation.
3. door opener according to claim 2 is characterized in that, aforementioned switches is to constitute by the contact that is provided with through elastomeric material on aforementioned cavities bottom with at the contact of aforementioned motor rearward end setting.
4. according to the described door opener of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, aforementioned first the elastic coefficient is set at coefficient of elasticity less than aforementioned second spring.
5. door opener, being used to open Men Yiduan is with the rotatable rotary door that supports of hinge, it is characterized in that, dispose the band cylinder chamber at the end, be inserted in this chamber the rotatable but nut that can advance and retreat, and this nut screw shaft of screwing togather and utilize the driving force of motor the to be rotated sliding screw, the tax elastic force that the constitute spring between being housed in bottom aforementioned motor and the aforementioned cavities by advancing and retreat; These parts vertically straight line be arranged in the aforementioned cavities, aforementioned motor is freely advanced and retreat, utilize the positive backwards rotation of this motor to make the aforementioned nut advance and retreat simultaneously.
6. door opener, being used to open Men Yiduan is with the rotatable rotary door that supports of hinge, it is characterized in that, dispose the band cylinder chamber at the end, be inserted in this chamber in that driving force by motor is rotated but the nut that can not advance and retreat, and this nut cannot not screw togather rotatablely but the screw shaft that can advance and retreat, the spring between being housed in bottom aforementioned motor and the aforementioned cavities; These parts vertically straight line be arranged in the aforementioned cavities, aforementioned motor is freely advanced and retreat, utilize the positive backwards rotation of this motor to make aforementioned screw shaft advance and retreat simultaneously.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described door openers, it is characterized in that, between aforementioned motor and sliding screw, be provided with reducer.
8. door opener according to claim 7 is characterized in that aforementioned reducer is a planetary reducer.
9. door opener, being used to open Men Yiduan is with the rotatable rotary door that supports of hinge, it is characterized in that, dispose the band cylinder chamber at the end, be inserted in and advance and retreat in this chamber but rotatable end push rod arranged, utilize screw shaft that the driving force of motor is rotated, screw togather to be inserted in this screw shaft and can advance and retreat in the aforementioned push rod but rotatable nut, be housed in the spring in the annulus that an end face and aforementioned push rod bottom by aforementioned nut form; End on aforementioned push rod by the other end card that makes aforementioned nut, utilize the positive backwards rotation of this motor to make aforementioned push rod advance and retreat.
10. door opener according to claim 9 is characterized in that, when aforementioned motor is just being changeed, through behind the certain hour, makes the rotation of aforementioned motor carry out backwards rotation.
11., it is characterized in that, be provided with controller, the driving of the signal controlling aforementioned motor of sending according to the detector that detects aforementioned door open and-shut mode according to claim 9 or 10 described door openers.
12., it is characterized in that, be provided with controller, the driving of the signal controlling aforementioned motor of sending according to the detector that detects in the aforementioned motor by electric current according to the described door opener in one of claim 9 or 10.
13. door opener according to claim 11 is characterized in that, is provided with the radio signal conveyer, the signal that aforesaid detector is sent by radio communication sends aforementioned controller to.
14. according to the described door opener in one of claim 9 or 10, it is characterized in that, be provided with the aforementioned push rod of control and stretch out the controller of speed.
15. door opener according to claim 14 is characterized in that, aforementioned controller is the elastomeric material that is inserted on the swing part of aforementioned cavities and push rod.
16. door opener, it is characterized in that, constitute by motor, gear mechanism and sliding rotating apparatus, this gear mechanism will give the rotation output of this motor to slow down and transmit the nut that this sliding rotating apparatus disposed and was located at the screw shaft on this gear mechanism and screws togather and turn but can not advance and retreat with this screw shaft; Aforementioned nut is being screwed in the aforesaid gears mechanism, utilize the positive backwards rotation of aforementioned motor that aforementioned screw shaft is advanced and retreat and make door, and when the rotating shaft direction of aforementioned screw rod is forced to move aforementioned screw shaft,, moves aforementioned screw shaft while can making aforementioned nut rotate.
17. door opener according to claim 16 is characterized in that, the helical pitch of aforementioned sliding rotating apparatus is set at more than 1 times in the scope below 5 times of screw shaft nominal diameter.
18., it is characterized in that aforesaid gears mechanism disposes aforementioned motor output shaft, and second spool of establishing parallel with this first with coaxial first of being connected with of this output shaft and axle center according to claim 16 or 17 described door openers; On aforementioned first and second, dispose a plurality of gears, simultaneously, make the gear that is fixed on the aforementioned motor output shaft and the gears engaged that is configured on aforementioned second free to rotate, aforementioned second and first gear is meshing with each other successively, when aforementioned motor is rotated, the rotation of aforementioned motor is sent to aforementioned nut, and, force to move and when aforementioned nut is rotated the rotation that transmits aforementioned nut by aforesaid gears mechanism at the rotating shaft direction that makes aforementioned screw axial aforementioned nut.
19. door opener according to claim 18, it is characterized in that, in a plurality of gears that on aforementioned first and second, dispose, at least on the gear of configuration free to rotate on each, be formed with two teeth of size, and wine is equipped with safety device in the transfer path from the aforementioned motor to the aforementioned nut, and during load more than bearing setting, this safety device is controlled this load.
20. door opener according to claim 19 is characterized in that, disposes the gear of built-in torque limiting mechanism on aforementioned second, makes the tooth engagement that is provided with on itself and the aforementioned nut periphery.
21. door opener according to claim 20 is characterized in that, aforementioned torque limits the elastomeric element that mechanism has stacked a plurality of friction boards and give regulation axial load elastic force on this friction board.
22. a door opener is characterized in that, disposes motor, gear reduction, sliding rotating apparatus, cylindric push rod and a plurality of spring at the end are arranged; This motor places in housing; This gear reduction slows down the rotation of this motor and transmits; This sliding rotating apparatus is made of screw shaft and nut, screw shaft and this gear reduction are set up in parallel, and the one end is equipped with and this gear reduction meshed gears, and be rotatable but can not advance and retreat, nut and this screw shaft screw togather, and be rotatable but can advance and retreat; The relative housing of push rod stretches out and can be supported on the housing with freely advancing and retreat; Spring is captured in and is positioned on coaxial between this push rod bottom and aforementioned nut the spring constant difference of each spring; When the aforementioned motor rotation makes the aforementioned nut advance and retreat, till by advancing of this nut aforementioned length of spring compressed being reached regulation elastic force, put aside desired elastic force, can also utilize the restoring force of this spring to make aforementioned push rod by being higher than stretching out at a high speed that aforementioned nut advances, thereby open door.
23. door opener according to claim 22 is characterized in that, aforementioned spring is to be made of all different a plurality of springs of external diameter and natural length.
24., it is characterized in that aforementioned spring is to be made of big diameter spring and the path spring that is inserted in this big diameter spring and natural length is longer than this big diameter spring according to claim 22 or 23 described door openers.
25., it is characterized in that the coiling direction of aforementioned spring is reverse mutually according to claim aforementioned 24 described door openers.
26., it is characterized in that according to claim 22 or 23 described door openers, utilize advancing of aforementioned nut, in advance aforementioned length of spring compressed is reached the elastic force of regulation; Simultaneously, aforementioned push rod is provided with and utilizes the dissoluble locking mechanism of regulation axial force.
27. door opener according to claim 26, it is characterized in that aforementioned locking mechanism disposes the push rod that the stopper that can freely advance and retreat, compression place spring between this stopper and housing, are formed with the fastener of aforementioned stopper on aforementioned push rod vertical direction.
28. according to claim 22 or 23 described door openers, it is characterized in that, when aforementioned nut retreats, the rotating speed in the time of making the aforementioned motor rotating speed be lower than nut to advance.
29., it is characterized in that, be provided with controller, the driving of the signal controlling aforementioned motor of sending according to the detector that detects aforementioned door open and-shut mode according to claim 1 to 3, one of 16 to 17,22 to 23 described door openers.
30., it is characterized in that according to claim 1 to 3, one of 16 to 17,22 to 23 described door openers, be provided with controller, detect the electric current that flows through aforementioned motor, the driving of control motor.
31., it is characterized in that aforementioned nut is that the synthetic resin with the injection moldable moulding forms according to claim 1 to 3, one of 16 to 17,22 to 23 described door openers.
32. door opener according to claim 31 is characterized in that, aforementioned nut is formed by the poly-p-phenylene sulfide resin.
Applications Claiming Priority (15)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP192768/01 | 2001-06-26 | ||
| JP192768/2001 | 2001-06-26 | ||
| JP2001192768A JP4755362B2 (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2001-06-26 | Door opener |
| JP192766/2001 | 2001-06-26 | ||
| JP192767/2001 | 2001-06-26 | ||
| JP192767/01 | 2001-06-26 | ||
| JP2001192766A JP4667656B2 (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2001-06-26 | Door opener |
| JP192766/01 | 2001-06-26 | ||
| JP2001192767A JP2003003738A (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2001-06-26 | Door opener |
| JP197027/01 | 2001-06-28 | ||
| JP197027/2001 | 2001-06-28 | ||
| JP2001197027A JP4748697B2 (en) | 2001-06-28 | 2001-06-28 | Door opener |
| JP45755/02 | 2002-02-22 | ||
| JP45755/2002 | 2002-02-22 | ||
| JP2002045755 | 2002-02-22 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610004313 Division CN1811118A (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2002-06-26 | Door opener |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1397710A CN1397710A (en) | 2003-02-19 |
| CN1250858C true CN1250858C (en) | 2006-04-12 |
Family
ID=27531936
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021419078A Expired - Fee Related CN1250858C (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2002-06-26 | Door opening device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1250858C (en) |
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| JP6486609B2 (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2019-03-20 | 株式会社ハイレックスコーポレーション | Opening and closing body opening and closing device |
| CN104324473A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-02-04 | 滕仁家 | Door opening mechanical apparatus of automatically tracking and positioning jet flow fire extinguishing device |
| CN105140705A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-12-09 | 舒泳军 | Socket with positioning function |
| CN104993309A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-21 | 方小刚 | Intelligent safety socket |
| CN104934780A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-23 | 肖白玉 | Safe socket with stable power supply |
| CN104901077A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-09 | 肖白玉 | Socket with indicating lamp |
| CN105098524A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-25 | 诸暨市柯晶机械技术开发有限公司 | Novel power supply safety socket |
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| CN104934784A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-09-23 | 徐萍 | Power supply apparatus with contact sensor |
| CN104916974A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-09-16 | 周丽娜 | Radiating type power supply device with touch sensor |
| CN104979702A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-10-14 | 余储 | Power supply apparatus with guide bar |
| CN104934786A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-09-23 | 衢州市洼帝尔数控设备有限公司 | Power supply apparatus with stable power supply and moving roller |
| CN109114860B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-12-29 | 安徽康佳同创电器有限公司 | Automatic door opening device and refrigerator |
| CN111852241A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2020-10-30 | 青岛海尔洗碗机有限公司 | Automatic door opening device and household appliance |
| CN111764778A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-10-13 | 徐州积木电子科技有限公司 | Domestic electronic ware of windowing of adjustable stroke |
| US11668130B2 (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2023-06-06 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator with push-to-open door opener |
-
2002
- 2002-06-26 CN CNB021419078A patent/CN1250858C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1397710A (en) | 2003-02-19 |
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Owner name: PANASONIC ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT INDUSTRIAL CO.,LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: NTN K.K. Effective date: 20090904 |
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