CN1248758A - Method for manufacturing slit grating stereograph - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing slit grating stereograph Download PDFInfo
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- CN1248758A CN1248758A CN 98119363 CN98119363A CN1248758A CN 1248758 A CN1248758 A CN 1248758A CN 98119363 CN98119363 CN 98119363 CN 98119363 A CN98119363 A CN 98119363A CN 1248758 A CN1248758 A CN 1248758A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for making a slit grating stereograph, which comprises the steps of making a parallax image, designing a slit diagram (1), synthesizing a sampling diagram (4) by the parallax image, copying the slit diagram (1) and the sampling diagram (4), aligning and fixing the slit diagram (1) and the sampling diagram (4) and the like. According to the scheme, the slit grating stereograph can be manufactured at low cost and high efficiency in a large batch, and the requirements of the stereograph on room decoration, exhibition hall exhibition, lamp box advertisement and the like can be met.
Description
The invention belongs to optics display technique field, relate to a kind of method for making of slit raster 3-D picture.
Slit raster 3-D picture is made up of the sampling figure of vertical slits plate and its back, and sampling figure alternately extracts a synthetic images to several images with certain parallax, and it is wide that the bar of sampling wide approximates the seam of slit plate.The effect of slit is to block or transmission sampling slice, makes left eye parallax image enter people's left eye, and right eye parallax image enters people's right eye, comprehensively forms stereoscopic image by brain.
Slit raster 3-D picture is a kind of early stage scheme, in giving presents to one's elders " the three-dimensional imaging technology " that (day) shown greatly more more complete narration is arranged.Be called disparity map by the synthetic stereogram of two width of cloth parallaxes image, the stereogram synthetic by several disparity maps is called panorama sketch, and on panorama sketch, the wide ratio with pitch of the seam of slit plate is more much smaller than disparity map, typical ratio is 1/10, then is 1/2 on disparity map.Comparatively speaking, panorama sketch has the visual angle of broad and more continuous spatial impression, disparity map resolution, sharpness, brightness is higher but on the view direction degree of freedom very little, slit raster 3-D picture is often synthetic by 3～6 width of cloth disparity maps, promptly stitching wide pitch ratio is 1/3～1/6.Its application that slit raster 3-D picture has had some basic drawbacks limit: first shortcoming be resemble darker; The second, slit must be done carefullyyer, so that be not people's finding in viewing distance, but thin slit can make beam spread because of diffraction; The 3rd, thin slit is made on the glass plate, and the reflection of glass front and rear surfaces often produces interference.The transmission-type slit raster 3-D picture is greatly developed in recent years, and has obtained some application in the lamp box advertisement, and the sampling figure of this picture is a transmission-type, uses Illuminative for sign behind, and picture color is gorgeous, and stereoscopic sensation is strong.First, the 3rd shortcoming of slit raster 3-D picture no longer exists in the transmission-type stereogram, and second shortcoming is at slit when not being superfine and not obvious.
At present, making the process of slit raster 3-D picture, generally is the egative film that has parallax earlier by stereographic acquisition, amplifies on special enlarger then, and sensitization printing paper posts the transparent plate that slit, the back side scribble sensitization medicine film by the front and forms.After exposure, development, photographic fixing, oven dry, stick diaphragm, promptly obtain lively stereoscopic image before being placed on lighting lamphouse again, resemble of fine quality good.The stereogram that this employing photograph amplification mode obtains is very expensive, and its shortcoming is the cost of manufacture height, and production efficiency is low.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of making slit raster 3-D picture, by this method can low cost, high-level efficiency, make slit raster 3-D picture in enormous quantities.
The method for making of slit raster 3-D picture comprises the steps: to make the parallax image, make slit figure (1), by the parallax synthetic sampling figure of image (4), slit figure (1) and sampling figure (4) Plate making printing or printing, slit figure (1) and sampling figure (4) contraposition and fixing.
At first, according to the stereogram content design parallax image that will show.The parallax image is obtained by stereoscopic photograph, also can be by the 3D class software development of computing machine.The 3D Studio software of available autodesk, inc. for example, design three-dimensional stereo model, three-dimensional stereo model is placed in the ideal position of scene then, and material applied ointment or plaster on the said three-dimensional body surface, arrange light source, having set up video camera plays up, generate first images, truck camera then, play up and generate second images, truck camera renders the 3rd images again, until generating the visual width of cloth number that requires, deflection slightly during the video camera translation makes the camera lens axis direction all the time facing to certain is a bit on the main body.3D Studio software can be designed non-existent object in the actual life, can enrich the performing content of slit raster 3-D picture.
The second, design slit figure.Slit grating perhaps is processed into by precision optical machinery by computer-aided design (CAD), and the breadth size of slit figure is consistent with stereogram, and wherein pitch, the wide pitch ratio of seam are two important parameters.Breadth size, viewing distance, pitch three's mutual restriction, in general, pitch is between 0.1 millimeter to 1.5 millimeters, and pitch is more little, and stereoscopic picture plane is meticulous more, but manufacture difficulty is high more, and the stereogram of large format is far away slightly because of viewing distance, and the slit pitch can be bigger.Stitch wide pitch than can not be, otherwise can produce serious ghost image greater than the inverse of parallax image width of cloth number.
The 3rd, by the synthetic sampling figure of parallax image.The synthesis mode of sampling figure mainly contains three kinds: the pixel of digital image is synthetic, egative film amplify slit block synthetic, slit mask print synthetic.The pixel synthesis step of digital image is: N width of cloth parallax image is pressed same picture element and length breadth ratio scanning input computer, keep identical length breadth ratio convergent-divergent image, make N that horizontal image point number equals slit figure grid line number doubly, the horizontal image point number of independent compressed image equates its number with slit figure grid line then; The sampling figure every row by the disparity map 1 corresponding row first image point value, the disparity map 2 corresponding row first image point value ..., the disparity map N corresponding row first image point value; The disparity map 1 corresponding row second image point value, the disparity map 2 corresponding row second image point value ..., the disparity map N corresponding row second image point value; The last image point value of disparity map 1 corresponding row, the last image point value of disparity map 2 corresponding row ..., the last image point value of disparity map N corresponding row is arranged and is formed; For color image, the image point value is made up of three bytes, and the red, green, blue look respectively accounts for a byte, and is from the parallax digital image that digital camera, 3D software obtain, this synthetic very convenient.It is identical with the process of making slit raster 3-D picture at present that egative film amplification slit blocks synthesis step, the parallax egative film exposes to sensitization printing paper by three-dimensional enlarger, slit plate is in the light in the place ahead of sensitization printing paper, across transparent plate, the flushing of sensitization printing paper is dried and is sampling figure between sensitization printing paper and the slit plate.Slit mask print is synthetic be negative film with disparity map across slit plane to printing paper print, wide when changing negative film seam of slit translation, all printed up to the disparity map negative film, print printing paper washes to dry and promptly gets sampling figure.
The 4th, slit figure and sampling figure duplicate.Slit figure duplicates the mode that can adopt laser printer printing, no net letterpress, intaglio printing, offset lithography, and printable fabric is transparent film or transparent plate; Sampling figure duplicates the mode that can adopt colour print, color painting, photograph amplification, print, the offset printing of PS version, photogravure, no version digital printing, requirement by the transmission-type lamp box panel, printable fabric should be selected transparent, translucent plastic sheeting for use, art paper about also available 120 grams, glass paperboard etc., in addition, also require the printable fabric material of slit figure and sampling figure even, mechanically deform, thermal deformation are little.
The laser printing of slit figure need not be made a plate, and only need provide the graphic file that designs to get final product, and is fit to small breadth, short run making; No net letterpress is fit to 8 and opens or 8 open following breadth and print in batches; Intaglio printing plate-making is more expensive, and intaglio printing, offset lithography are fit to large format, printing in enormous quantities.
Details and the contrast of sampling figure are very abundant, and small breadth, low-volume copying can adopt high-quality colour to print and finish, and cost of manufacture is higher; Color painting is fit to large format, short run is made; Adopt photograph amplification mode, must make the negative film of sampling figure earlier, on common enlarger, amplify then; Adopt the print mode, make the significantly negative film of sampling figure earlier,, be fit to the making of small breadth, short run, high-quality screen again in ratio print in 1: 1; Adopt PS version offset printing mode, must make a plate earlier, the available electron color separation is made color separation film to sampling figure, for the sampling figure that synthesizes by digital image, directly by digital device output color separation film, the screen ruling of color separation film is selected in more than 200 lines, and this mode is fit to than large format, the in enormous quantities making, cost of manufacture is very low, but quality is poor slightly; Adopt the photogravure mode, make the photogravure of sampling figure color separation film earlier, chromaticity printing again is fit to than large format, the in enormous quantities making.
The 5th, slit figure and sampling figure contraposition are fixed.Parameters such as the thickness of slit figure pitch, wide, the sampling figure batten width of seam, transparent plate and refractive index, viewing distance must meet design requirement, and just can finish bit manipulation.The slit figure that contraposition is good, transparent plate, sampling figure are adhesively fixed, and can finish the making of stereogram.
Calculating shows that the place is seen in viewing ratio, and the field angle of stereogram is during less than 40 °, and the batten width of sampling figure satisfies uniformity requirement, and promptly when the slit pitch equated, the pitch of sampling figure was also equal substantially.If P is the slit pitch, F is that slit seam is wide, and N is a parallax map sheet number, and T, n are respectively thickness, the refractive index of transparent plate or interlayer air, and H is a viewing ratio, and P ' is sampling figure pitch, and P '/N is the batten width, between each parameter by following conditionality:
P/H≤3 * 10
-4The resolution requirement of eyes, the place can't see slit at viewing distance.
F≤P/N seam is wide more little, effectively watch scope big more, and contraposition is easy more, but requires back-lighting brighter.
(H * n) this is the contraposition requirement of slit figure and sampling figure to P '/P=1+T/, and what be provided with on slit figure and sampling figure is right
When bit line or other alignment mark, its position relation satisfy this proportion requirement, can reach
Optimum efficiency; In fact get P '=P and also can reach acceptable stereoeffect.
The requirement that H=65 * N * T/ (n * P ') block board thickness, batten width and viewing ratio should satisfy; This formula
Not to satisfy, in fact watch scope H very big.
By the restricting relation between each parameter, the example of an optimal design is: P=0.6 millimeter, F=0.08 millimeter, N=5, T=5.7 millimeter, n=1.53, H=2014 millimeter, P '=0.6011 millimeter.
The contraposition of slit figure and sampling figure is the key link in the slit raster 3-D picture manufacturing process, and some machineries and thermal deformation cause the contraposition difficulty easily, must guarantee certain depth of parallelism between slit plane, interlayer, the sampling plan.Contraposition for convenience, on the border, the left and right sides of slit figure and sampling figure, be provided with alignment mark, left and right sides pairs of bit line on the slit figure is parallel to slit and apart from border, the slit area left and right sides several slit pitches is arranged all, and the left and right sides pairs of bit line on the sampling figure is parallel to batten and the sampling figure pitch of same quantity is all arranged apart from border, the sampled area left and right sides.Observe and regulate by alignment device, allow left and right sides pairs of bit line overlap as far as possible, gummed fixes stereogram then, if left and right sides pairs of bit line overlaps fully, the quality of stereogram is just very high; When the left and right sides pairs of bit line of slit figure and sampling figure can not overlap, guarantee that it is parallel to each other, also the stereogram that can obtain.Figure is printed to fritter sampling, in the splicing contraposition of slit figure back, also can partly eliminate the influence of distortion to contraposition, and piece is owing to the finding of not behaving of blocking of slit, but contraposition efficient is lower, can be in this way when making the stereogram of large format.Alignment mark is also criss-cross, is distributed on the periphery of slit figure and sampling figure, and the purpose of contraposition at first is the collimation that satisfies between slit and the batten, is only then and satisfies repeatability.
Lamp box advertisement, indoor decoration, Window Display etc. are decorated with a large amount of demands to solid, and the method for making of slit raster 3-D picture, cylindrieal lens plate raster 3-D picture has the restriction little in batches, that cost is high at present.Stereogram method for making advantage provided by the present invention is compound in enormous quantities, low-cost, high efficiency production requirement, can be used as popular exhibit and appears in room, show window, exhibition room and the lamp box advertisement.
Fig. 1 is the slit grating synoptic diagram, comprising slit figure (1), slit area (2), contraposition lines (3).
Fig. 2 is the sampling synoptic diagram, comprising sampling figure (4), sampled area (5), contraposition lines (3).
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-sectional view of slit raster 3-D picture, comprising lighting lamphouse (6), sampling figure (4), transparent plate (7), slit figure (1), sampling figure (4), transparent plate (7), slit figure (1) compose an integral body, are shelved on the front window of lighting lamphouse (6).
Fig. 4 is several array mode synoptic diagram of slit plate and sampling figure.Shown in Fig. 4 a, slit figure (1) and sampling figure (4) are printed on the front and rear surfaces of transparent plate (7), and this mode can only be printed some simple, coarse stereograms; Shown in Fig. 4 b, be printed on the front surface that slit figure (1) on the transparent film sticks on transparent plate (7), and bond together after sampling figure (4) contraposition that is printed on the printable fabric (8), be the most frequently used array mode; Shown in Fig. 4 c, the slit figure (1) that sticks on thin transparent plate (7) rear surface is spaced apart, fixes with sampling figure (4) contraposition that sticks on the transparent or semitransparent plate (8), and this array mode can be used in the making of large format stereogram; Shown in Fig. 4 d, be printed on slit figure (1) on the transparent film by two thin glass (7) formation slit plate that is fixedly clamped, be printed on sampling figure (4) on the printable fabric and be fixedly clamped by two thin glass (7) and form the sampling chart board, the two contraposition spaced apart is also fixing; Shown in Fig. 4 e, slit figure (1) is printed on the transparent film, and sampling figure (4) is printed on the thin printable fabric, and the two contraposition is flattened on the front and rear surfaces of thick transparent plate (7), is fixedly clamped with two thin transparent plates then.In above five kinds of array modes, 4b, 4c have practicality.
Fig. 5 is the gummed alignment device synoptic diagram of slit plate and sampling figure, the stationkeeping of the fulcrum (11) of telescope (10), level crossing (12), slit plate (1) is constant, sampling chart board (4) can be finely tuned by set screw (9), the direction of observation of telescope (10) can be regulated, the position of fulcrum (11) is equivalent to the best of stereogram to be watched a little, and set screw (9) is till the upper and lower of observing left and right sides pairs of bit line (3) in telescope (10) all at utmost overlaps.Stereogram by the combination of alignment device synoptic diagram has very high aligning accuracy, but is not necessary, in the stereogram assembling process, directly observes contraposition with eyes and also can meet the demands.
Provide two embodiment below in conjunction with diagram.
Case study on implementation one: by translation camera method, take still life with reversal film, obtain 5 width of cloth parallax images, scanning input computer, utilize the size of the Photoshop software adjustment digital image of Adobe company, 2200 pixels * 1550 pixels for example, compress lateral pixel point number then, image becomes 440 pixels * 1550 pixels, and by the synthetic sampling figure of pixel synthetic method making software (4) of aforementioned digital image, the size of sampling figure (4) becomes 2200 pixels * 1550 pixels again, to sample figure (4) on color inkjet printer with the A4 breadth, the resolution printing of 200dpi comes out, and perhaps makes color separation film, Plate making printing then at Macintosh; Slit figure (1) is the black and white binary picture, utilize software design slit figure (1), black and white pixel number ratio is 4: 1, image size is 2200 pixels * 1550 pixels, by laser printer with the A4 breadth, the resolution printing of 200dpi is perhaps made forme and is printed on the slide on transparent film; Press Fig. 4 b, method contraposition shown in Figure 5, be adhesively fixed, be installed on the lighting lamphouse front window.
Case study on implementation two: take or with 3D Studio software development 5 width of cloth parallax images, import the synthetic sampling of computing machine and scheme (4), the figure (4) that will sample makes negative film print in 1: 1 and duplicates, and perhaps makes little negative film, amplifies on enlarger and duplicates; Design slit figure (1) makes no half-tone block, is printed on the slide; Fix by Fig. 4 b, method contraposition shown in Figure 5, be installed on the lighting lamphouse front window.
Claims (13)
1. the method for making of a slit raster 3-D picture, it is characterized in that, duplicate slit figure (1) by laser printing mode or plate-making printing craft, adopt colour print, printing or print amplification mode to duplicate sampling figure (4), the figure (4) that will sample then is parallel to place slit figure (1) afterwards, slit figure (1) and sampling figure (4) contraposition spaced apart and fixing form slit raster 3-D picture.
2. the method for claim 1, its feature also are, are printed on alignment mark on slit figure (1) and sampling figure (4) periphery.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, its feature are that also slit figure (1) and sampling figure (4) carry out contraposition by the alignment device of being made up of telescope (10), level crossing (12) and micro-adjusting mechanism.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, its feature are that also sampling figure (4) piecemeal is printed to little figure, in the splicing contraposition of slit figure back.
5. the method for claim 1, its feature are that also sampling figure (4) is synthetic by the digital image pixel by the parallax image, make color separation film plate-making then, or make 1: 1 negative film.
6. the method for claim 1, its feature also be, sampling figure (4) amplifies slit by the parallax image format, and to block method synthetic, makes color separation film plate-making by electronic scanning then, or make 1: 1 negative film.
7. the method for claim 1, its feature are that also sampling figure (4) is synthetic by the print of parallax image slit mask, makes color separation film plate-making by electronic scanning then, or makes 1: 1 negative film.
8. method as claimed in claim 5, its feature are that also sampling figure (4) exports by color printer, or are exported by color spray drawing machine.
9. as claim 5 or 6 or 7 described methods, its feature is that also sampling figure (4) is made by negative film print in 1: 1.
10. as claim 5 or 6 or 7 described methods, its feature is that also sampling figure (4) adopts PS version offset printing process to duplicate, and the netting twine of color separation film is not less than 200 lines.
11. as claim 5 or 6 or 7 described methods, its feature is that also sampling figure (4) adopts photogravure technology to duplicate.
12. as claim 10 or 11 described methods, its feature is that also the printable fabric of sampling figure (4) is plastic sheeting or art paper.
13. the method for claim 1, its feature are that also the parallax image is made by the three-dimensional picture software design.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98119363 CN1248758A (en) | 1998-09-23 | 1998-09-23 | Method for manufacturing slit grating stereograph |
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| CN 98119363 CN1248758A (en) | 1998-09-23 | 1998-09-23 | Method for manufacturing slit grating stereograph |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101251651B (en) * | 2007-02-25 | 2010-05-26 | 薄淑英 | High-resolution grating three-dimensional picture |
| CN101920627B (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2013-02-06 | 王守觉 | Method for drawing slit grating three-dimensional picture by mirror surface reflection |
| CN105173396A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-23 | 绍兴京华激光材料科技有限公司 | Laser dynamic anti-counterfeiting tear tape for cigarette and production technology thereof |
| TWI578267B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-04-11 | 楊智傑 | Stereogram displaying device and stereogram manufacturing method |
| CN106904045A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-30 | 陈红丽 | A kind of art ware structure with visual stereo effect |
-
1998
- 1998-09-23 CN CN 98119363 patent/CN1248758A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101251651B (en) * | 2007-02-25 | 2010-05-26 | 薄淑英 | High-resolution grating three-dimensional picture |
| CN101920627B (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2013-02-06 | 王守觉 | Method for drawing slit grating three-dimensional picture by mirror surface reflection |
| CN105173396A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-23 | 绍兴京华激光材料科技有限公司 | Laser dynamic anti-counterfeiting tear tape for cigarette and production technology thereof |
| TWI578267B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-04-11 | 楊智傑 | Stereogram displaying device and stereogram manufacturing method |
| CN106904045A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-30 | 陈红丽 | A kind of art ware structure with visual stereo effect |
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