CN1244284A - Method and device in manufacturing transformer/reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

Gas or water-cooled transformer/reactor and a method for manufacturing the same having at least one gas or water-cooled transformer/reactor provided with winding, the winding comprising a high-voltage cable(111)and at least one additional member(9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75)is wound into the winding(2, 3, 4)arranged around the legs(22, 23, 24)of the transformer/reactor.

Description

Make the method and apparatus of transformer/reactor

The present invention relates to a kind of gas or preferably water-cooled, cable winding power transformer, and relate to a kind of method of twining power transformer up to a kind of like this cable in the 400kV voltage range that is used for being manufactured on.

The modern electric transformer is normally oil cooled.The iron core and all windings (elementary, secondary, control) that comprise a plurality of pillars unshakable in one's determination that connected by yoke are immersed in the closed container that oil is housed.The heat that produces in coil and iron core is removed by the oil of inner coils and circulation unshakable in one's determination, and the oil circulation transfers heat in the surrounding air through wall of a container.The oil circulation can be forced to carry out, the suction oil ring around, perhaps can carry out naturally, produce by temperature difference in the oil.The oil of circulation is externally by being used for the cooling of air cooling or water-cooled device.The extraneous air cooling can be forced to carry out, or realizes by free convection.Transmit the agent except that it plays heat, oil also has insulation function being used for the oil cooled transformer of high pressure.

Dry-type transformer is normally air cooled.They are usually by the free convection cooling, because current dry-type transformer is used under the low electrical load.Present technique relates to as at GB1,147, the axial cooling duct of describing in 049 by means of the generation of ripple winding, be used for cooling off the axial pipe that is embedded in the winding in the casting resin as described in the EP83107410.9, and under peak load the use of cross-flow fan as described in the SE7303919-0.

The cooling of twining power transformer for cable is had relatively high expectations.Forced convertion is essential, to satisfy the cooling requirement in all windings.Free convection is not enough to cool off cable winding.Article one, the very short heat that is used for is important to the route of cooling agent, and the important cooling agent that is delivered to efficiently in addition.Therefore importantly, all windings directly contact with the cooling agent of q.s.

For example, learn that a kind of resin that has highly flexible pleating cable embeds coil by DE-A1-2854520.Especially for a kind of commutating coil that the rectifier assembly that twines cooling duct is housed.Yet with regard to its concrete electricity/magnetic problem, it is not only the problem that will consider the transformer/reactor that high-tension cable is housed.

Learn a kind of conductor that has insulating barrier according to US5 036 165, this insulating barrier is equipped with in one and an outer semiconductor pyrolysis glass layer.Also know, conductor in motor generator is equipped with a kind of like this insulating barrier, for example as described in US5 066 881, wherein semiconductor pyrolysis glass layer contacts with two parallel bars that form conductor, and the insulating barrier in the stator slot is surrounded by an outer semiconductor pyrolysis glass layer.The pyrolysis glass fiber material of describing is suitable, even because it also can keep its resistivity after impregnation process.

The objective of the invention is to, a kind of transformer/reactor that utilizes a kind of winding technology is provided, add ons is included in winding among all spaces of being formed between the every circle of winding one or more thus.Add ons such selection on request, and can be the cooling water pipe that is used for gas or liquid, the blank pipe that can use on request, earthing device, stable compound, mechanical stabilizer, noise suppressed part or various types of transducer.

Another object of the present invention provides the transformer as type as described in the preface part, and it can air cooling, preferably the power transformer that twines of water-cooled cable.The objective of the invention is to cool off each circle in the winding, cooling agent directly branch is equipped with the various cooling requirements of satisfying winding.

The present invention also aims to cancel the oil cooling system in the power transformer, thereby and thereby realize to cause the inside of low weight, high fill factor low cost to cool off.

By according to method and apparatus of the present invention, realize above-mentioned purpose with the feature defined in the appended claims book.

The present invention relates to an a kind of transformer or reactor that is wound with the transformer core of cable that comprises, be arranged to winding a cooling duct is housed between each cable circle.Cooling duct also is arranged to transmit water, with all winding turns in the cooling transformer.

In device according to the present invention, winding preferably has and the cable corresponding type that has solid extruding insulation thing that is used for distribution now, for example XLPE cable or have the cable of EPR insulation.A kind of like this cable comprises an inner wire of being made up of one or more strands of parts, and an inner semiconductor layer is round this conductor, and a solid insulating layer is round inner semiconductor layer, and an outer semiconductor layer is round insulating barrier.Such cable is flexible, and this is a key property in this context, because be used for technology according to device of the present invention, and the main winding system of realizing by the conductor of deflection between erecting stage based on winding wherein.XLPE cable have the flexibility corresponding to about 20 centimetres bending radius, and for the cable with 80 mm dias, bending radius is about 65 centimetres usually for the cable with 30 mm dias.In this application, term " flexible " thereby refer to low to four times of cable size magnitudes, preferably eight of cable size to duodenary bending radius and flexible winding.

Winding should manufacture and can keep its character, even also be like this when its is crooked and when being subjected to thermal stress during operation.In this context importantly all layer keep it bonded to one another.All layer material character, particularly its elasticity and its relatively hot coefficient of expansion here are conclusive.In XLPE cable, for example, insulating barrier comprises crosslinked, low density polyethylene (LDPE), and all semiconductor layers are made up of the polyethylene that is blended in wherein by carbon black and metallic particles.As temperature fluctuation result's change in volume, absorbed fully as the variation of cable radius, and, do not lost the bonding between all layers so can radial expansion take place because thermal coefficient of expansion has smaller difference with respect to these elastic properties of materials.

The above-mentioned material combination should only be considered as an example.Other are realized rated condition, (promptly have 10 as semi-conductive condition in addition ^-1-10 ⁶Ohm-cm, for example resistivity in 1-500 ohm-cm or the 10-200 ohm-cm scope) combination also fall within the scope of the present invention naturally.

For example, insulating barrier can be made up of following material, solid thermoplastic material such as low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polybutene (PB), polymethylpentene (PMP), cross-linked material such as crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE), or the rubber such as ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) or silicon rubber.

Interior can have identical basic material with outer semiconductor layer, but have the conducting material granule such as carbon black or metal dust to be blended in wherein.

The engineering properties of these materials, particularly its thermal coefficient of expansion, be subjected to carbon black or metal dust whether be blended in wherein influence less-ratio to require at least, to realize according to conductivity required in this invention.Insulating barrier and semiconductor layer thereby have essentially identical thermal coefficient of expansion.

Vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer/nitrile rubber, butyl grafted polyethylene, ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer (EBA) and ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA) also can be configured for the suitable copolymer of semiconductor layer.

Even, wish that also its thermal coefficient of expansion is basic identical when different kind of material during as basic in each layer.This is the situation about combination of materials listed above.

Material listed above has elasticity preferably, has E＜500MPa, the E modulus of best＜200MPa.This elasticity is enough to radially be absorbed flexible, thereby crackle or other damages can not occur for any less difference between the material coefficient of thermal expansion coefficient in all layers, thereby and all layers can be not separated from one another.Material in all layers is flexible, and the cohesive force between all layers is identical with the most weak numerical value of material at least.

The conductivity of two semiconductor layers is enough to make basically current potential to equate along every layer.The conductivity height of outer semiconductor layer must be enough to electric field is enclosed in the cable, and low as to be enough to can not cause remarkable loss owing to the electric current of longitudinal induction in the layer.

Thereby each of two semiconductor layers constitutes an equipotential surface basically, and these layers will be enclosed in the electric field between them substantially.

Certainly, there is not anything to prevent that one or more additional semiconductor layers are arranged in the insulating barrier.

Cooling water pipe according to the present invention comprises electrical insulating material, for example justifies the crosslinked polyethylene of " XLPE pipe " form, and these pipes replace with cable, thereby heat mainly is delivered to cooling water pipe by heat conduction from cable.The use of polymer pipe avoided with pipe in the induced voltage problem relevant with eddy current.In addition, polymer pipe is more flexible than metal tube significantly.Polymer pipe needn't have circular cross section, and can have quadrangle or some other cross sections, this means that they take the whole gap between four adjacent cables.For every cooling water pipe or flexible pipe can be introduced in each cable floor and draw, each cable floor twines respectively and links, and after this is connected in series.Gap between cable and cooling water pipe also is filled with the heat conduction compound.

Can for example use air with gas or liquid cools according to transformer core of the present invention, and/or be used in the water that circulates in the cooling block that cooling duct is housed from fan.Another kind of possible cooling agent is a helium.

The invention still further relates to a kind of method and a kind of transformer/reactor of making according to this method of making the transformer/reactor of cable winding, wherein when the pillar around transformer/reactor twines cable, comprise the add ons of various types of transducers, cooling water pipe, earthing device, stable compound, mechanical stabilizer, noise suppressed part or blank pipe, can be wound in the winding coil.Blank pipe can be equipped with control or measure winding, additional magnetic material, extra winding etc.During the winding of these blank pipes, they can be equipped with wire drawing.

Referring now to accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described in more detail.

Fig. 1 signal and part are to analyse and observe expression according to a kind of three-phase power transformer of the present invention.

Fig. 2 schematically illustrates and passes the cross section that has a coil unshakable in one's determination, comprises according to four embodiment 2a, 2b of the present invention, 2c, 2d.

Fig. 3 schematically illustrates and passes the cross section that has a coil unshakable in one's determination, comprises additional embodiments 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f according to the present invention.

Fig. 1 represents to be equipped with a power transformer 1 of three winding coils 2,3,4, and each winding coil comprises a low pressure winding 6 and a high pressure winding 5.Winding coil 2,3,4 twines around the pillar 22,23,24 of an iron core respectively.Wherein all pillars are bonded on each side of coil by one in the iron core upper and lower yoke 7,8.Total iron core of pillar 22,23,24 and yoke 7,8 thereby formation transformer 1.

Fig. 2 represents to be wound with phantom as the power transformer of the high-tension cable 111 of Transformer Winding according to the present invention.High-tension cable 111 comprises a plurality of copper (Cu) thighs 112 that for example have circular cross section.These strands 112 are arranged in the middle part of high-tension cable 111.Around thigh 112 are one first semiconductor layers 113.Around this first semiconductor layer 113 is an insulating barrier 114, for example XLPE insulant.Around insulating barrier 114 are one second semiconductor layers 115." high-tension cable " notion in this application, thereby do not comprise the overcoat that centers on such cable that is used for distribution usually.High-tension cable 111 twines around a pillar 24, and pillar 24 is joined on other pillars by yoke 7 in transformer.

When high-tension cable was wound with straight cable, as according to as shown in the embodiment of Fig. 2, a gap 8 was formed between the cable, and this gap is by the cylindrical shroud surface, and promptly second semiconductor layer 115 of four adjacent cables 111 limits.The cooling duct that is used for liquid phase coolant, is suitable for water is equipped with in gap 8, and these conduits can be designed to any of four kinds of forms shown in the figure.

First embodiment of transformer is designated as 2a, and the cylindrical cooling pipe 9 of crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE pipe) is housed, cooling water pipe 9 by the interleaving agent 10 that plays the thermally conductive compound effect round.Interleaving agent 10 is full of the gap 8 between the cylindrical shroud surface of cooling water pipe 9 and every cable 111 fully.

Second embodiment of transformer is designated as 2b, and quadrangle cooling water pipe 11 is housed, also make by crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE pipe), and by the interleaving agent 10 that plays the thermally conductive compound effect round.Interleaving agent 10 is full of the gap 8 between cooling water pipe 11 and the every cable 111 fully.The quadrangle form of cooling water pipe 11 allows in order to cool off the bigger gap 8 that utilizes of purpose.

The 3rd embodiment of transformer is designated as 2c, and the quadrangle cooling water pipe 12 of concave is housed, and the side has the curved shape identical with cylindrical cable.This shape is compared with second embodiment, has further reduced the residual gap between cooling water pipe 12 and the cable.In this embodiment, cooling water pipe 12 is also made by crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE pipe), also is full of gap 8 between cooling water pipe 12 and the every cable 111 by the interleaving agent 10 that plays the thermally conductive compound effect fully round, interleaving agent 10 here.

In above-mentioned all three embodiment, the cooling agent of cooling water form is flowing in the cooling water pipe 9,11,12 separately.Yet the gaseous coolant such as helium also is possible.Other types liquid coolant at Zhu Guanzhong also is possible.

The 4th embodiment of transformer, be designated as 2d, cylindrical XLPE pipe 13 (the XLPE pipes) that extend in a crosslinked polyethylene quadrangle insertion tube 14 in pairs are housed, XLPE pipe 13 in insertion tube 14 by interleaving agent 10 round, described insertion tube 14 also is full of gap 8 between cooling water pipe 9 and the every cable 111 by interleaving agent 10 round, interleaving agent 10 fully.Interleaving agent 10 all plays the thermally conductive compound effect in insertion tube 14 inboards and the outside.

The thermally conductive compound of interleaving agent form in the embodiment of all descriptions is made up of one or both composition slaking silicon rubber that are filled with the heat conduction filler such as aluminium oxide.Provide material with non-slaking state, thereby it is liquid (available pump is smoked) under high shearing strain speed, and under all the other states, is in the paste form with this rheological equationm of state.

In first operation according to the present invention, compound at first is sprayed onto on the cable, after this cooling water pipe 9,11,12 or insertion tube 14 are placed in the groove that is formed between the cable winding circle.New compound is sprayed onto on cooling water pipe 9,11,12 or the insertion tube 14, and twines another circle cable, or the like.Reel rotates during twining, but it can be static, and interleaving agent 10 is escaped.

In second operation according to the present invention, slaking silicone rubber compound casting or be squeezed into interleaving agent around cooling water pipe 9,11,12 or insertion tube 14.Under the slaking state, compound has such denseness (being similar to the model clay), thereby its is shaped and fills up residual gap between the cable during twining.

According to Fig. 2, iron core further is equipped with a yoke 7 and a pillar 24, and this yoke is equipped with a vertical cooling duct 15.

To require is different in cooling for all windings, and in various cooling water pipes the flow of liquid thereby also different.Generally need big flow at the pipe that is arranged near the low pressure winding than the pipe that is arranged near the high pressure winding.In order to realize correct flow distribution, all pipes can have different-diameter, perhaps are connected with different series connection and parallel connection.

The polymer cooling water pipe can be by multiple made, as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, Kynoar, polytetrafluoroethylene or the elastomer that is filled and strengthens.In these, it is best having highdensity polyethylene HDPE, because its heat conductivity increases with density.As fruit polyethylene is crosslinked, and this can pass through peroxide cracking, crosslinked with silicane or crosslinking with radiation realizes, then increases its anti-pressure ability under elevated temperature, and the danger of the corrosion that eliminates stress simultaneously.

All pipes must embed, because otherwise the resistance to heat between pipe and the cable can be too high.In order to increase the heat transmission between pipe and the winding, the gap is filled with crosslinkable cast compound.This can form by having low viscous polymer, and thereby inject wherein change into the gap of on-liquid compound by chemical reaction before, can be filled with the heat conduction filler of high percentage.Suitably the example of compound is propiono, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester (UP), polyurethane and silicon, and the latter is best, because it is nontoxic.The heat conduction filler also can comprise the oxide of aluminium, magnesium, iron or zinc, the nitride of boron or aluminium, carborundum.The mixture of aluminium oxide and silicon for example, promptly have when platinum catalyst exists and the dimethyl silicone polymer of the vinyl group of hydrogen dimethyl silicone polymer reaction, under superpressure, force in the gap that enters between XLPE pipe and the winding, after this realize slaking on the vinyl group by hydrogen atom is added to.

Fig. 3 represents the picture corresponding with Fig. 2, but wherein cooling water pipe combination or replace by the part of other types.Which kind of other part this figure indicates be suitable for being intertwined with high-tension cable 111.Those are of similar shape high-tension cable with embodiment has described under Fig. 2.The transformer/reactor iron core also is similar to shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 a represents an add ons of blank pipe spare 50 forms, and blank pipe spare 50 is arranged to be intertwined with high-tension cable 111.This pipe 50 also by a kind of separator 10 round, separator 10 also plays thermally conductive compound in this case, but can provide other performances that are suitable for add ons.Plan to make pipe 50 to insert various elements in the windings, as be used to the extra winding controlling or measure.In other embodiments, can be inserted into magnetic material in the pipe, so that change the electricity and/or the magnetic property of transformer/reactor.The extra winding that also might " stitching " advances same type is as above-mentioned high-tension cable 111.In the method for a winding of a kind of like this insertion, this effective suitable reagent is suds lubrication for example.For the ease of various elements being inserted in the pipe 50, one or more wire drawing 51 is housed.

Another embodiment is expressed as 3b in the figure, and add ons is arranged to an earthing member 55.This part is oval-shaped in the drawings, but certainly has different shape of cross sections.

According to another embodiment that is illustrated among Fig. 3 c, add ons has the form of stable compound 60, stable compound 60 than around separator 10 firm, even and at room temperature also have a shape of qualification at memory period.

Fig. 3 d represents an embodiment, and an add ons has the form of a mechanical stabilizer 65, mechanical stabilizer 65 can by a plurality of pines, arch section or produce as the wire that can change over to.

Fig. 3 e represents an embodiment, and an add ons has the form of a noise suppressed part 70, and noise suppressed part 70 is stars, so that absorb mechanical oscillation.

Fig. 3 f represents an embodiment, and an add ons has a form that is wound in the electric sensor 75 of winding.Transducer also is equipped with the conductor (not shown) that is used to be connected on calculating, estimation and the control appliance.

In all embodiment that describe, each add ons of separator 10 complete filling and the gap between the high-tension cable 111 8 on every side.

The example that the invention is not restricted to represent.Several within the scope of the present invention modifications are feasible.Cable needn't as among Fig. 2-3 expression symmetric arrangement, in this case, the gap between the adjacent winding will have different profiles, and add ons must be suitable for the shape in gap then.

Claims (37)

1. a manufacturing has the method for the gas or the water cooling transformer/reactor of at least one winding, it is characterized in that winding comprises a high-tension cable (111), high-tension cable (111) has an insulated electric conductor, this insulated electric conductor comprises at least one energized conductor (112), comprise that also has the ground floor (113) that semiconductor property strip winding electric conductor (112) is arranged, a solid insulating layer (114) of arranging around described ground floor (113), reach one and have semiconductor property, the second layer (115) around insulating barrier (114) layout, and its feature is that also transformer/reactor is designed to have at least one add ons (9,11,12,13,14,50,55,60,65,70,75), when pillar (22 around transformer/reactor, 23, when 24) twining high-tension cable (111), this add ons is wound into winding (2,3,4) in.

2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that

A) ground floor of winding cable,

B) in the winding or apply add ons (9,11,12,13,14,50,55,60,65,70,75),

C) auxiliary layer of winding cable, repeating step b) and c), up to twining whole winding fully.

3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that on twining or when applying add ons (9,11,12,13,14,50,55,60,65,70,75), twines high-tension cable.

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that on twining or apply add ons (9,11,12,13,14,50,55,60,65,70,75) before, separator (10) is placed on the winding.

5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that also separator (10) being placed on the winding twining or apply add ons (9,11,12,13,14,50,55,60,65,70,75) afterwards.

6. according to each described method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that twining cooling water pipe (9,11,12,13), as the add ons in the winding.

7. according to each described method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that being wound into a single tubular member (50), an earthing member (55), a kind of stable compound (60), a mechanical stabilizer (65), a noise suppressed part (70) or an electric sensor (75), as the add ons in the winding.

8. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that water passes through cooling water pipe (9,11,12,13) and flows.

9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that

A) after the ground floor that twines cable, thermally conductive compound (10) is sprayed between the gap that is formed between the winding turns,

B) after cooling water pipe (9,11,12) or insulated tube (14) have been wrapped in the gap that is formed between the winding turns, other thermally conductive compound (10) is sprayed onto on cooling water pipe (9,11,12) or the insulated tube (14).

10. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that

A) after the ground floor that twines cable, the cooling water pipe (9,11,12) or the insulated tube (14) that push or be embedded in the thermally conductive compound (10) are wound on the cable,

B) when twining the second layer of another circle cable, shaping thermally conductive compound (10) is with the adjacency cable.

11. pillar (22 that has at least one around transformer/reactor, 23,24) gas of the winding of Chan Raoing or water cooling transformer/reactor, it is characterized in that using a kind of insulated electric conductor to form winding (2,3,4), this insulated electric conductor comprises at least one energized conductor (112), comprise that also has the ground floor (113) that semiconductor property strip winding electric conductor is arranged, a solid insulating layer (114) of arranging around described ground floor (113), and the second layer (115) with semiconductor property around insulating barrier (114) layout, and this device comprises that at least one is wound in winding (2,3,4) add ons (9,11,12,13,14,50,55,60,65,70,75).

12. transformer/reactor according to claim 11 is characterized in that high-tension cable (111) is a cylinder form.

13. according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-12, it is characterized in that during winding working procedure, at least one add ons (9,11,12,13,14,50,55,60,65,70,75) is placed in the gap (8) that is formed between the every cable (111).

14. according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-12, it is characterized in that add ons is included at least one cooling water pipe (9,11,12,14) that is placed in during the winding working procedure in the gap (8) that is formed between the every cable (111), the gap (8) that remains between cooling water pipe (9,11,12,14) and the cable is filled with thermally conductive compound (10).

15. transformer/reactor according to claim 14, the cooling water pipe (9) that it is characterized in that having circular cross section is placed in the gap (8).

16. transformer/reactor according to claim 14, the cooling water pipe (11) that it is characterized in that having quadrangular cross section is placed in the gap (8).

17. transformer/reactor according to claim 14 is characterized in that the quadrangle cooling water pipe (12) with middle concave side is placed in the gap (8).

18. transformer/reactor according to claim 14, it is characterized in that cooling water pipe (13) by an insertion tube that comprises filler (10) round.

19. according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-12, it is characterized in that add ons is included in a single tubular member (50), an earthing member (55), a kind of stable compound (60), a mechanical stabilizer (65), a noise suppressed part (70) or the electric sensor (75) in the gap (8) between the every cable (111), the gap (8) that remains between add ons (50,55,60,65,70,75) and the cable is filled with a kind of thermally conductive compound (10).

20., it is characterized in that thermally conductive compound (10) has low viscosity under high shearing strain speed, and under all the other states, be in the paste form according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 14-19.

21. transformer/reactor according to claim 20 is characterized in that thermally conductive compound (10) comprises the slaking silicon rubber of one or more compositions that have the heat conduction filler.

22., it is characterized in that filler comprises aluminium oxide, silicon nitride or carborundum according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 14-21.

23. according to claim 14-18 or each described transformer/reactor of 20-22, it is characterized in that cooling water pipe (13) by such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, Kynoar, polytetrafluoroethylene or be filled and the elastomer that strengthens dielectric material make.

24., it is characterized in that cooling water pipe (13) made by high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) according to claim 14-18 or each described transformer/reactor of 20-23.

25., it is characterized in that cooling water pipe (13) made by crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) according to claim 14-18 or each described transformer/reactor of 20-24.

26. according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-25, it is characterized in that high-tension cable (111) has such type, comprise a conductor (112) that has a multiply part, semiconductor layer (113), insulating barrier (114), and outer semiconductor layer (115) around insulating barrier around inner semiconductor layer around this conductor.

27. transformer/reactor according to claim 26 is characterized in that high-tension cable (111) has diameter and the conductive area in 40-3000 square millimeter scope in 20-250 millimeter scope.

28., it is characterized in that insulated electric conductor or high-tension cable (111) are flexible according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-27.

29. transformer/reactor according to claim 28 is characterized in that all layers (113,114,115) even be arranged to when insulated electric conductor or high-tension cable (111) bending, and is also bonded to one another.

30., it is characterized in that at least two adjacent layers (113,114,115) of winding have the thermal coefficient of expansion of basic identical numerical value according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-29.

31. according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 14-30, it is characterized in that being designed to cooling transformer/reactor, have all cooling agents of gas or liquid form, be arranged through cooling water pipe (13) and flow.

32. according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-31, it is characterized in that winding is flexible, and comprise the conductive core part that centers on by an inner semiconductor layer, the insulating barrier of a solid material is round inner semiconductor layer, reach an outer semiconductor layer round insulating barrier, all layers are bonded to one another.

33. according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-32, it is characterized in that described layer is formed by having flexible like this material, and a kind of like this relation is arranged between its thermal coefficient of expansion, the volume wave energy is absorbed by the elasticity of material in the layer that is caused by temperature fluctuation during operation, thus when temperature fluctuation occurring during operation all layer keep it bonded to one another.

34. according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-33, it is characterized in that the material in the described layer has high resiliency, have less than the E modulus of 500MPa better, best less than 200MPa.

35., it is characterized in that the material coefficient of thermal expansion coefficient has essentially identical numerical value in the described layer according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-34.

36., it is characterized in that the cohesive force between all layers has identical with the weakest point of material at least numerical value magnitude according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-35.

37., it is characterized in that equipotential surface of each semiconductor layer basic comprising according to each described transformer/reactor of claim 11-36.

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