CN1242889A - Cellular radio system and method for measuring interference level - Google Patents
Cellular radio system and method for measuring interference level Download PDFInfo
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- CN1242889A CN1242889A CN97181187A CN97181187A CN1242889A CN 1242889 A CN1242889 A CN 1242889A CN 97181187 A CN97181187 A CN 97181187A CN 97181187 A CN97181187 A CN 97181187A CN 1242889 A CN1242889 A CN 1242889A
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Abstract
The object of the invention is a cellular radio system and a method for measuring the interference level. The system has means for measuring the interference level on at least one radio frequency channel, means for reporting the measured interference level, and means for making decisions on system level actions using the measured interference levels as an aid. The measured interference levels are used as an aid in estimating how many new air interface communication links the system is able to tolerate.
Description
The present invention relates to cellular radio system, it comprises: at least one base transceiver station BTS; At least one mobile radio station MS; And the air interface communication link between BTS and the MS, this air interface communication link sends in a radio-frequency channel at least.
In the U.S., which industrial department the use of Federal Communications Committee (FCC) management radio frequency (RF) frequency spectrum determines obtain some frequency.Because RF spectrum is limited, has only the sub-fraction frequency spectrum can distribute to each industrial department.So, must use the frequency spectrum of distribution effectively, make terminal use as much as possible (user) that the service that distributes frequency spectrum to provide can be provided.Each country that is organized in that is similar to FCC all exists, and has identical responsibility and right.
The multiple access modulation technique is to utilize some otherwise effective technique in the RF spectrum.The example of this modulation technique comprises: time division multiple access (TDMA), and frequency division multiple access (FDMA) and code division multiple access (CDMA), all these modulation techniques all are applicable to cellular radio system.
In Fig. 1, a kind of typical cellular radio system draws.In this example, this system is restricted to three base transceiver stations, and BTS 120,122, and 124.Each BTS has its oneself receiving area, sub-district 160,162,164.BTS is a network element of keeping air interface.It manages air interface signaling, encrypts, and guarantees the method that zero defect is connected between MS and the BTS.BTS is subjected to the control of base station controller BSC 110.BSC controls radio net.For example, this means following item: connect management of liquidity and statistics collection material.BSC has (normally ground) communication link 150 of linking BTS.Also have three mobile radio stations, MS 130,132, and 134.MS is a user terminal, and it can be portable, vehicle-mounted, fixing, or the similar device that is used to communicate by letter.Each MS has the air interface communication link 140,142,144 of linking BTS.
Obviously, Fig. 1 is a reduced graph.In current system, exist several thousand users of millions of mobile radio stations even.The cellular radio system infrastructure that does not comprise MS can be referred to as network portion.But also being connected of do not draw BSC and mobile switching centre and network management system.This mobile switching centre also has with other networks and is connected, for example, and with being connected of global public switch telephone network.Because these are unimportant for explanation the present invention, no longer at length give to describe.
In Fig. 1, the dissimilar interference of having drawn and having stood in the cellular radio system.Down link is the link from BTS to MS, and up link is the link from MS to BTS.The dl interference that BTS120 stands comprises that BTS itself effectively connects 140 interference that cause to MS 130.Effective connection 142,144 of each neighbor cell 162,164 also causes dl interference.Also there are other ambient noises 170 that cause dl interference.This noise can derive from system itself, or can be from (disturbing outside the system) beyond this system.
Exist similar interference at uplink direction.These interference are by the effective connection 140 through system itself, effective connection 142,144 of neighbor cell 162,164, and other ambient noises 170 cause.
Cellular radio system has a constant volume that provides some restriction, and these restrictions are this system linking numbers when can handle.These restrictions are from the infrastructure hardware capabilities, frequency band, and the theoretical capacity that this technology and/or access method can be supported has the actual capacity of some restriction, and this system still keeps its function in these restrictions.
The operator of communication system has obtained the licence of (a several) frequency band, allows this operator to use that RF spectrum to move this system.At this frequency band, one or more RF channels are arranged.Because known much parts of unified this frequency band of RF channel usage of this communication system, just can easily calculate the RF channel number that this system can connect.Different multiple access modulation techniques (for example, FDMA, TDMA, it is different CDMA) taking this resource (frequency band), is different because these technology are utilized the bandwidth of RF channel.
The width of frequency band and the number of RF channel have been known, and the number of relevant each the geographic area domestic demand user to be processed of estimation/connection, this operator has estimated required BTS and other infrastructure devices (BSC in each zone, mobile switching centre, or the like) number to support required number of users.Construction that this communication system is initial and later expansion are according to these plans to hardware requirement.
So, known this frequency band, just know the linking number that this infrastructure can be handled, just know the multiple access modulation technique of choosing.Utilize certain multiple access modulation technique (FDMA, TDMA), the radio frequency number that can support by means of a certain amount of hardware from this infrastructure can directly draw the number that connects simultaneously, these radio frequencies are in the band limit of permission.In brief, the linking number of FDMA system is identical with certain regional interior radio frequency number.Tdma system has the connection (time slot) of some in each radio frequency, and therefore total linking number is that the linking number of each radio frequency multiply by that regional radio frequency number in any zone.Use this two kinds of technology (FDMA and TDMA), the theory and the actual capacity of this technology are roughly the same.Use CDMA technology, this situation is slightly different.In the present invention, we concentrate one's energy to solve the actual capacity problem that CDMA provides.
The CDMA modulation adopts spread spectrum technique to be used for message transmission.Send the modulation technique of signal on the spread spectrum system utilization expansion broadband.Usually, this frequency band roughly is wider than and is sent the required minimum bandwidth of this signal.Spread spectrum technique utilizes unique broadband spreading code modulation each base-band data signal to be sent to realize.Use this technology, have only the signal of several kHz bandwidth can be extended to bandwidth greater than 1MHz.
Become the signal extension that sends wide frequency range to obtain a kind of frequency diversity of form.Usually, because only the signal of 200-300kHz is subjected to the influence that choosing frequently declines, it is unaffected that remaining sends signal spectrum.So the receiver that receives spread spectrum signal is subjected to frequently to select the influence of fade condition less.
In CDMA type wireless digital telephone system, a plurality of signals send on identical frequency simultaneously.So, the spreading code in the specific receiver identification signal.Give the particular extension code of specific receiver, the signal of that frequency is for this receiver noise seemingly, thereby just is left in the basket.Along with the increase of linking number, the noise level that each connection stands (interference) also increases (because other connection) thereupon.
Used number of codes is that RF channel of this technology can be supported the theoretical limit of linking number simultaneously in CDMA in order to distinguish each Traffic Channel under the same radio frequency.Usually, owing to the increase of interference level with linking number in the system increases, must not utilize the theoretical maximum of this technology.Its reason is that along with the increase of linking number, the interference that a connection (any one connects) stands finally reaches so big, to such an extent as to again can not distinguish the channel of connection with spreading code.And because all connection is all on identical frequency, each connects and stands identical serious consequence (ropy connection or lose connection even) simultaneously.This system has reached the limit of its actual spectrum capabilities, and this situation never can take place in cdma system, because whole system may be collapsed.
The practical limit of relevant CDMA technology is great problem, exists multiple report and view (even measurement).This anything but content of the present invention discuss, for the invention of reality also without any difference.The more important thing is that even can not reach theoretical maximum, moving heaven and earth makes that how operable linking number is arranged, and does not make this system reach the limit of its capacity.
Main problem is, in cdma system, the actual capacity of this system also do not know, and as the time, the place, temperature, or the like function changing.About this system is reaching its capacity limitation and total interference too big this true first and unique often sign is that several connections stand high frame deletion rate (FER) simultaneously in this system.Therefore, this system must take some operation to reduce interference level: noisy connection is handed over to other BTS, blocks new connection, do not allow to be handed over to noisy BTS, reduce transmitted power total in this system, even force release to connect.
Can also take other operation.Serious problems herein are, these operations may be too late in some cases.This system has reached its capacity limitation, although the operation that employs prevention is collapsed.Under serious situation not too, have only some connections to get into trouble: FER may increase more some more, and connecting (perhaps just having set up) may lose, and handover may be failed, or the like.Even these are not allowed yet.
As mentioned above, in the worst case, if near the capacity limitation of this system and technology, the CDMA wireless digital telephone system may be very unstable.So, obviously need a kind of like this equipment and method, it have a reliable method go to estimate with measuring system in total interference, and utilize the interference record to go to estimate to have how many theoretical system resources to can be used for reality.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the problems referred to above.
The invention provides a kind of cellular radio system, it comprises: at least one base transceiver station BTS; At least one mobile radio station MS; Air interface communication link between BTS and the MS, this air interface communication link sends at least one radio-frequency channel; In at least one radio-frequency channel, measure the device of interference level; Report records the device of interference level; Record the device that interference level is maked decision to system level operation with utilization.
Utilize the present invention to obtain many advantages.Biggest advantage is that this system becomes more stable.Its operation is to carry out according to plan, can communication link be interrupted suddenly.This all brings benefit for the programming phase of system and operation.In those places of the upper limit that reaches this system, this system little by little is improved.
From the following detailed description that provides, the wider scope of application of the present invention can become apparent.Yet be understood that, though the detailed description of the expression preferred embodiment of the present invention and specific examples only are used to illustrate and provide that it is conspicuous that the professional can carry out various variations and change within the spirit and scope of the present invention according to this detailed description.
The present invention can be understood more fully from the following detailed description that provides with as just the accompanying drawing of explanation, therefore limitation of the present invention should be do not regarded as, wherein:
Fig. 1 is noisy cellular radio system;
Fig. 2 is according to cellular radio system of the present invention.
Roughly draw a kind of cellular radio system and influence the interference source of this system of Fig. 2.In other embodiment, cellular radio system can be to utilize FDMA, TDMA and/or CDMA are as any analog or digital wireless communication system of modulation technique, but a kind of preferred cellular radio system embodiment is a CDMA digital cellular radio telephone system.
We study Fig. 2 now.Cellular radio system comprises: at least one base station controller BSC 110; At least one base transceiver station BTS 120,122,124; With at least one mobile radio station MS 130,132,134.At BSC 110 and BTS 120,122, there is a communication link 150 between 124.At BTS 120,122,124 with MS 130,132, also have air interface communication link 140,142,144 between 134.These air interface communication link 140,142,144 send at least one radio-frequency channel.
Feature of the present invention is the network portion at cellular radio system.With reference to Fig. 2, this is to represent with element BSC 110 and BTS 120.According to the present invention, the device 250 of measuring interference level in the air interface communication link 140 is arranged, this communication link 140 is at up link and down link both direction.This is that the new HW that utilizes measuring receiver existing among the BTS 120 or interpolation can finish this measurement realizes.Can measure radio-frequency channel in each possible use.In addition, also have report to record the device 252 of interference level.This preferably utilizes the report mechanism of prior art to realize.Report is to some element in the network portion, for example, gives BSC 110.The device 254 that the interference level that also has utilization to record is maked decision to system level operation.These system level operation comprise: handover, and power control, the new calling starts, and calls out to discharge, and influences this system or influence other operations of one or more component properties of this system and environment.In this manner, the interference volume that this system can estimating system can allow is maked decision then with the service quality that keeps providing on high level, the high FER in avoiding connecting or lose connection even.Decision is finished in some network element, for example, and in BSC 110.Realize said apparatus 250,252,254 best method is by means of software: in the case, the function of a program indication measurement receiver is implemented to obtain the effect of said apparatus 250, another program is finished report to obtain the effect/function of device 252, also has a program that system level operation is maked decision to obtain the effect/function of device 254.Other possible device for carrying out said comprise: integrated circuit, programmable signal processor and other hardware units.The professional knows clearly, said apparatus 250,252, and 254 can also realize or (for example, mobile switching centre) realization in above some other network elements of not describing with other mode, however this realizes according to spirit of the present invention fully.
According to one embodiment of the invention, network portion comprises device 254, and the interference level estimating system that the utilization of this device records can be allowed how many new air interface communication link.So the operation of this system is according to prior plan, avoided overload to use the problem of bringing.
Owing to can not determine interference source, the measurement of interference level is according to following three steps:
A) after BTS 120 has installed and has been delivered for use, the interference when preparing actual the use outside the measuring system,
B) when adjacent BTS 122,124 uses, measure their influences to interference level,
C) when this BTS 120 uses, measure total interference.
Steps A) interference level that records in is as noise background, that is, step C when normally moving) in the relative reference point of interference level of report.This is a good reference point, because this moment, system itself did not effectively connect.Interference value is the dB value of reporting with respect to noise background.Noise background is the initial setting to BTS 120, and this is worth as the factory set value, or as the initialization parameter of negating the factory set value.
Steps A) and the interference level that records B) as time and/or temperature, or the function of other parameters.Because the noise background that records is the function of time, BTS 120 can change the function that its noise background also is the time, therefore consider such situation, at the scene noise background in the morning or the office hours be higher than 4 PM-6 PM, rush hour on and off duty or near midnight.For example, the function of time also can expand Sunday or even season to.Higher noise background may be stood in some specific places, for example, and in weekend or holiday seasons.Noise background obtains with this quadrat method as the function of temperature, when noise background during as the function measurement of time, meanwhile also the result that records of storage as the function of that scene temperature.
The noise background of each BTS 120,122,124 of its control of BSC 110 storages.Therefore, in the estimation process of above explanation, be easy to utilize the interference level that records at the BSC place.Under the function situation of a plurality of interference levels that record as time and/or temperature, all storage or BTS are reported in and record under that time and/or the temperature and the relevant interference level of BSC 110 noise background values BSC 110 their.
Because various conditions change in cellular radio system and environment thereof really, the noise background that BTS120 measures is to upgrade termly or on basis at random.According to such idea, noise background reflects the true environment of this system.
Realize that the best method that described improvement is invented substantially is to utilize software.Other possible device for carrying out said comprise: integrated circuit, programmable signal processor and other hardware units.The professional knows clearly that above-mentioned functions can also (for example, mobile switching centre) realize in above some other network elements of not describing, yet this realizes according to spirit of the present invention fully.
Obviously, above-mentioned the present invention can have various variations.These variations can not be regarded as and depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and clearly these variations should be included in the scope of following claims for the professional.
Claims (16)
1. cellular radio system, it comprises: at least one base transceiver station BTS; At least one mobile radio station MS; And the air interface communication link between BTS and the MS, this air interface communication link sends in a radio-frequency channel at least;
Measure the device of interference level at least one radio-frequency channel;
The device of the interference level that report records; And
The interference level that utilization records is made the auxiliary device that system level operation is maked decision.
2. according to the system of claim 1, also comprise such device: utilize the interference level that records to assist, estimate this system can allow how many new air interface communication link.
3. according to the system of claim 1, wherein the measurement of interference level is according to following three steps:
A) after BTS 120 has installed and has been delivered for use, the interference when preparing actual the use outside the measuring system,
B) when all adjacent BTS use, measure their influences to interference level,
C) when this BTS uses, measure total interference.
4. according to the system of claim 3, steps A wherein) and the interference level that records B) as time and/or temperature, or the function of any other parameter.
5. the interference level that records according to the system of claim 3, steps A wherein) is as noise background, that is, step C when normally moving) in the relative reference point of interference level of report.
6. according to the system of claim 5, wherein noise background is the value of giving BTS as factory set, or as the initialization parameter of negating the factory set value.
7. according to the system of claim 5, wherein BSC stores the noise background of each BTS of its control.
8. according to the system of claim 5, wherein BTS upgrades termly or measure noise background on basis at random.
9. method of measuring interference level in the cellular radio system, this cellular radio system comprises: at least one base transceiver station BTS; At least one mobile radio station MS; And the air interface communication link between BTS and the MS, this air interface communication link sends in a radio-frequency channel at least; The method comprises step:
Measure the interference level at least one radio-frequency channel,
The interference level that report records,
The interference level that utilization records is done to assist system level operation is maked decision.
10. according to the method for claim 9, also comprise step: utilize the interference level that records to assist, estimate this system can allow how many new air interface communication link.
11. according to the method for claim 9, wherein the measurement of interference level is according to following three steps:
A) after BTS 120 has installed and has been delivered for use, the interference when preparing actual the use outside the measuring system,
B) when adjacent BTS uses, measure their influences to interference level,
C) when this BTS uses, measure total interference.
12. according to the method for claim 11, wherein steps A) and B) in the interference level that records as time and/or temperature, or the function of any other parameter.
13. according to the method for claim 11, wherein steps A) in the interference level that records as noise background, that is, step C when normally moving) in the relative reference point of interference level of report.
14. according to the method for claim 13, wherein noise background is the value of giving BTS as factory set, or as the initialization parameter of negating the factory set value.
15. according to the method for claim 13, wherein BSC stores the noise background of each BTS of its control.
16. according to the method for claim 13, wherein BTS upgrades termly or measure noise background on basis at random.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97181187A CN1242889A (en) | 1996-12-30 | 1997-12-19 | Cellular radio system and method for measuring interference level |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/774,647 | 1996-12-30 | ||
| CN97181187A CN1242889A (en) | 1996-12-30 | 1997-12-19 | Cellular radio system and method for measuring interference level |
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| CN1242889A true CN1242889A (en) | 2000-01-26 |
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| CN97181187A Pending CN1242889A (en) | 1996-12-30 | 1997-12-19 | Cellular radio system and method for measuring interference level |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101784073B (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2012-06-27 | 华为终端有限公司 | Interference monitoring method and interference monitoring device adopting wireless fidelity technology |
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- 1997-12-19 CN CN97181187A patent/CN1242889A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101784073B (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2012-06-27 | 华为终端有限公司 | Interference monitoring method and interference monitoring device adopting wireless fidelity technology |
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