CN1240863C - Titaniferous cuprum-nickel-stannum spinodal decomposition type anti-friction bearing alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Titaniferous cuprum-nickel-stannum spinodal decomposition type anti-friction bearing alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1240863C CN1240863C CN 03151047 CN03151047A CN1240863C CN 1240863 C CN1240863 C CN 1240863C CN 03151047 CN03151047 CN 03151047 CN 03151047 A CN03151047 A CN 03151047A CN 1240863 C CN1240863 C CN 1240863C
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/121—Use of special materials
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- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a titaniferous cuprum-nickel-stannum spinodal decomposition type anti-friction bearing alloy and a preparation method thereof. A proper amount of fourth component tianium is added in ternary Cu-Ni-Sn alloy in the nickel-tianium or copper-tianium intermediate alloy mode, and is cast after the fourth component tianium is smelt by a vacuum induction electric furnace or is smelt in the non vacuum mode. The fourth component tianium is used as a component through machine operation after uniformization, quenching and time effect in the casting state. The fourth component tianium can also be used through the deformation and time effect state after quenching. The present invention has the advantage of simple technology, and the addition of titanium leads the alloy to have the characteristics of high strength, high extensibility and high wear resistance. The present invention can be applied to a sliding shaft sleeve of a drilling head for drill rocks, or other occasions where wear resistance is required when bearings bear high speed and heavy load, etc.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of titaniferous cuprum-nickel-stannum spinodal decomposition type anti-friction bearing Alloy And Preparation Method, the novel alloy that makes is applied to the sliding shaft sleeve of drills for stone, or other bear at a high speed and the bearing of heavy duty etc. need high-wearing feature can occasion, belong to new material technology field.
Background technology:
The Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy is the alloy that typical spinodal decomposition (Spinodal) is strengthened.Quench after the solution treatment of high-temperature zone, it is single-phase that alloy is α, and warm area timeliness in the warp is decomposed into α and γ two-phase structure by Spinodal again.Compare with the type ageing strengthening of growing up of common forming core, be characterized in that the biphase structure is identical, and chemical ingredients different (the α district is poor tin, and the γ district is rich tin), the two-phase coherence, be evenly distributed fine and closely woven.Thereby this alloy has high intensity and elastic limit, good ductility and processibility, and the Cu-Ni-Sn alloy has high conduction, thermal conductivity and stress relaxation resistance simultaneously, and has good corrosion resistance.Usually quench after distortion and timeliness are used as conductive elastic components such as electric connector, rly., switch, (J.T.Plewes:U.S.Patent No.3,937,638 and U.S.Patent No.4,090890) is widely used in electrical equipment and measurement instrument industry.In the prior art, have in ternary Cu-Ni-Sn alloy, to add the quaternary element as Fe, Zn, Mn, Zr, Nb, Cr, Al, or Mg (U.S.Patent No.4,052,204) and (U.S.Patent No.4,260 such as Mo, Nb, Ta, V or Fe, 432), its purpose has plenty of for reducing cost (as with Fe, Zn or Mn replace part copper, and Mg or Al replace part Sn); What have is to improve intensity and fracture ductility (as Nb, V, Cr, Mo); Improve hot workability (adding a small amount of Zr) and cutting ability (adding Se, Te, Pb or MnS, U.S.Patent No.4,130,421,1978).
Smith company at first is applied to (N.J.Kar:GB 2153882,1985 and U.S.Patent 4,641,976,1987) such as the wearing piece of drills for stone such as floating buss, thrust plate, axle caps to the Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy.Compare with the drills for stone that adopt beryllium copper to make wearing piece, its ductility and toughness greatly improve when intensity is suitable, thereby make raising have been arranged in work-ing life of drill bit.But because ternary Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy graining temperature range is bigger, the as-cast structure dendritic segregation is serious, crystal grain is thicker simultaneously, has restricted the further raising of intensity, hardness.They once adopted the technology of powder metallurgy to solve the problem of component segregation, but this technology cost is higher.
Not see as yet so far in the above patent have in ternary spinodal decomposition type Cu-Ni-Sn alloy the Ti of adding come crystal grain thinning, improves Tribology performance.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of new titaniferous cuprum-nickel-stannum spinodal decomposition type anti-friction bearing Alloy And Preparation Method is provided, technology is simple, the new alloy that obtains is compared with ternary alloy, has higher intensity and good ductility, simultaneously wear resisting property greatly improves, and can be applicable to drills for stone and other bear at a high speed and the bearing of heavy duty.
For realizing such purpose, in the technical scheme of the present invention, in ternary Cu-Ni-Sn alloy, adopt NiTi or copper titanium master alloy mode to add the 4th an amount of constituent element titanium (Ti), cast after adopting the vacuum induction furnace melting or selecting insulating covering agent to adopt non-vacuum melting, under as cast condition, after homogenizing-quenching-timeliness, be machined to element and use.Also can quench after use after distortion (forging, rolling or drawing) and the timeliness.
Method of the present invention comprises following concrete steps:
1, alloying constituent (mass percent) is: Ni 4～20%, and Sn 2～10%, and Ti 0.02～0.50%, and surplus is Cu.
It is for guaranteeing that matrix composition Cu-Ni-Sn is in the Composition Region that spinodal decomposition can take place that Ni and Sn select above-mentioned scope.Add the 4th an amount of constituent element Ti, purpose is the intermetallic compound that forms the higher Ti of an amount of fusing point, plays non-spontaneous core when alloy graining, thereby refined cast structure, reduces dendritic segregation.Contain Ti and measure when being less than 0.02 quality %, the effect of crystal grain thinning is not obvious; Contain Ti and measure when too high, the intermetallic compound that forms a large amount of Ti becomes fragile alloy, and ductility reduces.
2, NiTi or copper titanium master alloy mode are adopted in the adding of Ti, add or add from hopper with stove.
3, the Cu-Ni-Sn alloy that adds Ti can adopt the vacuum induction furnace melting, and after electrolytic copper and electrolytic nickel fusing and abundant degasification, the applying argon gas protection successively adds the master alloy of pure Sn and Ti down, casting after stirring.Also non-vacuum melting can be adopted, but insulating covering agent will be selected, in case the oxidation of element and scaling loss, particularly active Ti element.
4, this quad alloy can be machined to the element use after homogenizing-quenching-timeliness under as cast condition.The homogenizing annealing temperature is 800～900 ℃, reheat quenching after direct quenching or the slow cooling after 1～40 hour time; Aging temp is 350～500 ℃, and the time is 1～10 hour.Also can quench after use after distortion (forging, rolling or drawing) and the timeliness.
Its matrix of Cu-Ni-Sn alloy that contains Ti among the present invention still is left evenly fine and closely woven modulation structure, keeps high obdurability; The adding of Ti is refined cast structure not only, can also hinder alloy the growing up of crystal grain in homogenizing and when quenching heating, thereby obtain evenly tiny equiax crystal, when alloy strength is further improved, still keeps good ductility.On the other hand, exist the compound itself of Ti and Ni (or Ti and Cu) also further to improve wear resistance at intragranular.
Novel alloy of the present invention can be applicable to the sliding shaft sleeve of drills for stone, or other bear at a high speed and the bearing of heavy duty etc. need high-wearing feature can occasion.
Embodiment:
Below by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
Formulated component is the alloy of 15%Ni, 8%Sn and 77%Cu (mass ratio), uses the vacuum induction furnace melting, and fusing is after fully degasification successively adds pure Sn and the nearly NiTi alloy that waits atomic ratio from hopper under argon filling atmosphere.After stirring, pour into the slab material.
Alloy 1 is analyzed composition (mass ratio): Ni:15.2%, Sn:6.97%, Ti:0.025%, surplus is Cu.
Alloy 2 is analyzed composition (mass ratio): Ni:15.2%, Sn:7.23%, Ti:0.30%, surplus is Cu.
Blank stove after 850 ℃ of 40 hours homogenizing is cold, reheat to 850 ℃ insulation water-cooled after 1 hour.Then 400～450 ℃ of timeliness 1 hour.Blank after heat treatment is processed into sample, and the mechanical property such as the table 1 of test list file names with the mechanical property after reference examples ternary Cu-15Ni-8Sn cast alloy (alloy 3) thermal treatment in the table.
Table 1 contains the mechanical property of quaternary Cu-Ni-Sn alloy of Ti and the comparison of ternary alloy
| Alloy | Yield strength σ 0.2 /MPa | Breakdown point σ b /MPa | Unit elongation δ/% | Hardness HRc | |
| Numbering | Ti％ | ||||
| 1 | 0.025 | 730～820 | 840～890 | 2.0～2.6 | 32～37 |
| 2 | 0.30 | 750～840 | 860～900 | 2.6～3.8 | 33～39 |
| 3 | - | 720～780 | 830～840 | 1.8～2.6 | 31～35 |
By table 1 as seen, contain two kinds of alloys of Ti, not only intensity, hardness obviously improve, and also increase simultaneously of ductility, and this is to playing an important role the wear resistance and the work-ing life of improving bearing materials.
Embodiment 2:
Formulated component is the alloy of Cu-15Ni-8Sn (quality %), uses the vacuum induction furnace melting, adds NiTi master alloy (alloy number be T1) with stove, and add-on is 0.1% of a total amount.Fusing pours into the pipe of Φ 60 * Φ 43.5 * 273 after fully degasification under argon atmospher.Be parsed into and be divided into Ni:14.78%, Sn:8.39%, Ti:0.065%, surplus is Cu.Pipe stove after 850 ℃ of 15 hours homogenizing is cold, reheat to 850 ℃ insulation water-cooled after 1 hour.Then 430～450 ℃ of timeliness 2.5 hours.Hardness is HRc32～36 after measured.Pipe is processed into the axle sleeve finished product of Φ 54.21 ± 0.015 * Φ 50.24 ± 0.015 * 19.0, holds at the MMZ-180 profile shaft and carry out high-speed slide bearing simulation test on the trier, and with ternary Cu-Ni-Sn relatively.
Embodiment 3:
Formulated component is the alloy of Cu-15Ni-8Sn (quality %), use the vacuum induction furnace melting, fusing is after fully degasification, adds the NiTi master alloy (alloy number be T2) of alloy total amount 0.1% under argon atmospher from hopper, fully pours into the pipe of Φ 60 * Φ 43.5 * 273 after the stirring.Be parsed into and be divided into Ni:14.84%, Sn:7.88%, Ti:0.10%, surplus is Cu.Through the thermal treatment identical with embodiment 2, hardness is 35～39.Carry out same high-speed slide bearing simulation test after being processed into axle sleeve.
The high-speed slide bearing analog reslt that is undertaken by above embodiment 2 and 3 shows that the Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy that adds Ti is under the high rotating speed of 375rpm, and its maximum interlock load can reach 75～128kN and improve 36～110% than ternary alloy.Wear-out life reaches 80～100 hours, improves 40～66% than ternary alloy.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of preparation method of titaniferous cuprum-nickel-stannum spinodal decomposition type anti-friction bearing alloy is characterized in that:
1) getting the alloying constituent mass percent is: Ni 4～20%, and Sn 2～10%, and Ti 0.02～0.50%, and surplus is Cu;
2) NiTi or copper titanium master alloy mode are adopted in the adding of Ti, add or add from hopper with stove;
3) the Cu-Ni-Sn alloy that adds Ti adopts the vacuum induction furnace melting, and after electrolytic copper and electrolytic nickel fusing and abundant degasification, the applying argon gas protection successively adds the master alloy of pure Sn and Ti down, casting after stirring, or adopt non-vacuum melting behind the selection insulating covering agent;
4) quad alloy is being machined to element under the as cast condition after homogenizing-quenching-timeliness, or after homogenizing-quenching-distortion-timeliness, be machined to element, the homogenizing annealing temperature is 800～900 ℃, 1～40 hour time, reheat quenching after direct quenching or the slow cooling after the homogenizing, aging temp is 350～500 ℃, and the time is 1～10 hour.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03151047 CN1240863C (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | Titaniferous cuprum-nickel-stannum spinodal decomposition type anti-friction bearing alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN 03151047 CN1240863C (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | Titaniferous cuprum-nickel-stannum spinodal decomposition type anti-friction bearing alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1524971A CN1524971A (en) | 2004-09-01 |
| CN1240863C true CN1240863C (en) | 2006-02-08 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104577076A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Tin-based ternary alloy negative active material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105714148B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-10-20 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of high-strength adonic of spinodal decomposition type |
| CN110629070A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-31 | 江阴华瑞电工科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-elasticity, corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant Cu-Ni-Sn alloy |
| CN110964943B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-12-21 | 江苏隆达超合金股份有限公司 | Method for producing high-strength copper alloy by adopting semi-continuous casting |
| CN111020285B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏隆达超合金股份有限公司 | Method for producing large-size high-strength copper alloy cast ingot by vacuum melting |
| CN113278846B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-08-12 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Wear-resistant copper-nickel-tin alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113789459B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2022-07-12 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | Copper-nickel-tin alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114561568A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-31 | 山西尼尔耐特机电技术有限公司 | Component design of high-performance copper-nickel-tin-molybdenum alloy, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114645155B (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-01-13 | 浙江惟精新材料股份有限公司 | High-strength copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20060208 Termination date: 20160918 |