CN1239731A - Microemulsifying cosolvent and its preparation process and use in compounding microemulsified gasoline and diesel oil - Google Patents
Microemulsifying cosolvent and its preparation process and use in compounding microemulsified gasoline and diesel oil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Microemulsifying solubilizer is prepared through the processes of mixing naphthenic acid in 45-70pts.wt. and ammonium hydroxide in 7-8 pts. wt.at normal temperature through stirring and reaction for 20-40 min; mixing methanol in 1-3 pts. wt. and ethanol in 1-3 pts.wt. at normal temperature; and mixing the mixture obtained in previous processes at normal temperature. Microemulsified gasoline or diesel oil is compounded by mixing water in 6-8 pts. wt. gasoline or diesel oil in 12-14 pts. wt and microemulsifying solubilizer in 5-7 pts. wt. with stirring at normal temperature.
Description
The invention relates to the technical field of micro-emulsion solubilizers, and composition, a preparation method and application thereof in preparing micro-emulsion gasoline and diesel.
The prior art situation is as follows:
the emulsion fuel is originated from furnace fuel, and has important special remarks on energy conservation and pollution reduction performance.
In theaspects of emulsified diesel oil and gasoline, the 70 s has patent reports abroad, and the 9 th month 6 Japanese patent No. 4046519 in 1977; mobil oil company, introduced a microemulsified motor fuel. The fuel consists of gasoline, methanol, water and surfactant. The weight ratio of each component in the mixture is 94: 5: 1 respectively.
1 g of surfactant was added to 94 ml of gasoline with stirring, followed by 5 ml of methanol. The mixture was stirred in a blender and 1 ml of water was added to give a homogeneous transparent dispersion which remained stable at room temperature.
On 11.1.1977, U.S. patent 4002435 describes a fuel composition which is transparent and stable and which consists of:
1000 ml NP-14, 1000 ml NP-27, 900 ml oleic acid and 100 ml ammonia are mixed to prepare a solution which is a viscous colorless transparent solution at room temperature, 25 ml of the solution, 10 ml water, 10 ml methanol and 155 ml lead-free gasoline are taken, and mixed and stirred to obtain a transparent single liquid phase. The liquid fuel composition was frozen at-20 ℃ overnight. After examination, which was found to remain transparent and maintain a single liquid phase, the sample was moved to room temperature and then immersed in warm water, which remained transparent and a single phase. In other words, no delamination or transparency degradation occurs when the sample is subjected to extreme temperature differences.
On 2.9.1975, U.S. patent 13902869 Swedish SU teaches a fuel formulation process with an increased octane number, the combustion properties of which can be adjusted by micro-emulsification techniques. The conclusion is that the octane number is increased by the addition of water, both in pure gasoline and in gasoline with different amounts of emulsifier, and it is also evident that 15% by weight of water is added at a 9: 1 ethanolic ammonium naphthenate to naphthenic acid ratio, giving the highest octane number.
If 2.5 g of ethanolamine are weighed in, 15.0 g of water and 60.0 g of gasoline are added and then 22.5 g of naphthenic acid are added in small portions with stirring, a brown transparent liquid is produced. Or 12.1 grams of ammonium caprylate was weighed, 14.9 grams of caprylic acid was added, 63.0 grams of gasoline was added, 10.0 grams of water was added, and a clear pale yellow solution was formed after gentle shaking. While an increase in octane number from blank 93 to 96 was measured.
In recent years, the technology of producing hydrogen diesel oil developed by the applied research of Beijing Zhongke engineering technology is also reported, and the technical performance index of the technology is proved to exceed the technical level of advanced countries and is in the leading position in the world by expert identification in Beijing and international online retrieval. The technology is characterized in that 33 percent of water and 1 percent of additive are added into diesel oil, and the hydrogen diesel oil is produced through the chemical, acoustic, mechanical and magnetic actions of a hydrogen diesel oil producing machine. The oil saving rate can reach 15-25%, the oil saving rate is reduced by 60-70%, the emission of harmful gas of tail gas is reduced by 50%, and the oil quality stabilization period is 3-6 months.
The diesel oil and gasoline mixed with water can save energy, reduce pollution and improve oil product performance, which is proved by a large number of practices and theories (see the European editions of Petroleum products application technology, published by the publishing company of the petroleum industry, namely annex 1). The method for mixing oil and water which is successful abroad cannot be used industrially because the cost of the used additive is too high; the oil products produced by the domestic advanced technology have poorstorage stability, more additional equipment is added, and the cost is higher.
The invention aims to manufacture the additive which has lower cost and simple manufacture and is provided with micro-emulsion solubilization, and the simplest method is utilized to produce transparent micro-emulsion gasoline and diesel oil with thermodynamic stability, thereby achieving the purposes of saving oil, reducing pollution and improving oil performance.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
45-50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180)1, 7-8 parts of reactants of ammonia hydroxide, 1-3 parts of methanol and 1-2 parts of ethanol;
a microemulsion solubilizer is prepared from (by weight):
(1) mixing 45-50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7-8 parts of ammonium hydroxide at normal temperature, stirring and reacting for 20-40 minutes for later use;
(2)1-3 parts of methanol and 1-2 parts of ethanol are mixed and dissolved at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) at normal temperature and stirring.
The use of a microemulsion solubilizer for preparing microemulsion gasoline (weight ratio) is as follows:
6-8 parts of water, 14-12 parts of gasoline and 5-7 parts of micro-emulsion solubilizer, and mixing and stirring the mixture at normal temperature to obtain a transparent light yellow solution.
The use (weight ratio) of a microemulsion solubilizer for preparing microemulsion diesel oil is as follows:
mixing 6-8 parts of water and 14-12 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, adding 5-7 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, and stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
microemulsion solubilizer: the raw materials have wide sources, the production process is simple, the production equipment is not corrosive, and the raw materials have no toxicity and pollution and low cost;
micro-emulsified diesel and gasoline: the production process is simple, the adaptability is strong, the application range is wide, the energy is saved, the pollution is reduced, the combustion is full, the atomization performance is good, no obvious coking and carbon deposition exists, and the condensation point of the diesel oil can be obviously reduced. High and low temperature performance, no separation phenomenon after long-term storage, and storage life of more than one year.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples;
example 1.
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
47.5 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7.5 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 2 parts of methanol, 1.5 parts of ethanol and 1.25 parts of OP-4.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1) mixing 47.5 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7.5 parts of ammonia hydroxide at normal temperature, stirring and reacting for 30 minutes for later use;
(2)2 parts of methanol and 1.5 parts of ethanol are mixed and dissolved at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and(2) with 1.25 parts of OP-4 at normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
7 parts of water, 13 parts of gasoline and 5.5 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to obtain a transparent light yellow solution.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
and mixing 7 parts of water and 13 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, adding 6 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, and stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution.
The microemulsion solubilizer of the embodiment 1 and the prepared gasoline and diesel quality inspection report and analysis report are shown in the annex 2, wherein most of the performances reach the standard.
It is worth to say that in the test of the micro-emulsified diesel oil, the cetane number is one term38, below the national standard 45, reference is made to appendix 1, namely "Petroleum products application technology", page P103, FIGS. 2-5-1, which shows the influence of the emulsification of diesel oil with water on the cetane number, it being possible to see the addition of NH to aqueous diesel oil4NO3The solution can greatly improve the octane number of the diesel oil to reach the standard, and in addition, the antiknock performance of the hydrous diesel oil is improved when the hydrous diesel oil is combusted in a cylinder, so the octane number of the hydrous diesel oil is also higher than a measured value in actual use; in addition, the flash point measured value is slightly lower, but the flash point does not directly influence the service performance and is only a storage and transportation control index.
Example 2.
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
45 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 1 part of methanol, 1 part of ethanol and 0.5 part of OP-4.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1) mixing 45 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-;
(2) mixing and dissolving 1 part of methanol and 1 part of ethanol at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) with 0.5 part of OP-4 at normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
6 parts of water, 14 parts of gasoline and 4 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to obtain a transparent light yellow solution.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
mixing 6 parts of water and 14 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, adding 5 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, and stirring until the mixture is transparent yellow solution.
The physical and chemical indexes of the gasoline prepared by the micro-emulsion solubilizer in the embodiment 2 are 50-55 of saturated vapor pressure and certain density change, and the other indexes are basically consistent with those of the gasoline in the embodiment 1.
The diesel oil prepared by the microemulsion solvent in the embodiment 2 has the physical and chemical indexes of 0.94-0.98 of density, 15-16 of kinematic viscosity and-15 of condensation point, and the rest is basically consistent with the diesel oil in the embodiment 1.
Example 3.
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 8 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 3 parts of methanol, 2 parts of ethanol and 2 parts of OP-4.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1) mixing 50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 8 parts of ammonium hydroxide at normal temperature, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes for later use;
(2) mixing and dissolving 3 parts of methanol and 2 parts of ethanol at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) with 2 parts of OP-4 at normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
8 parts of water, 12 parts of gasoline and 7 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form a transparent light yellow solution.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
mixing 8 parts of water and 12 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, stirring, adding 7 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, and stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution.
The physical and chemical indexes of the gasoline prepared by the microemulsion solubilizer in the embodiment 3 are that the saturated vapor pressure is 48, the actual colloid is 4.5, the corrosion is qualified,the density is 0.95, and other performance indexes are consistent with those of the gasoline in the embodiment 1; the density of the physical and chemical indexes of the diesel oil of the embodiment 3 is 0.98, the flash point is 45, the viscosity is 18, the corrosion is qualified, the actual colloid is 50, and other performance indexes are consistent with those of the diesel oil of the embodiment 1.
Example 4.
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
45 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 1 part of methanol and 1 part of ethanol.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1) mixing 45 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-;
(2) mixing and dissolving 1 part of methanol and 1 part of ethanol at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) at normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
6 parts of water, 14 parts of gasoline and 5 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to obtain a transparent light yellow solution.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
mixing 6 parts of water and 14 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, stirring, adding 5 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, and stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution.
Example 5:
a microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
47.5 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7.5 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 2 parts of methanol and 1.5 parts of ethanol.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1)47.5 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7.5 parts of ammonium hydroxide are mixed and stirred at normal temperature for reaction for 30 minutes for later use;
(2)2 parts of methanol and 1.5 parts of ethanol are mixed and dissolved at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) with normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
7 parts of water, 13 parts of gasoline and 6 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form a transparent light yellow solution.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
and mixing 7 parts of water and 13 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, adding 6 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, and stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution.
Example 6.
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 8 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 3 parts of methanol and 2 parts of ethanol.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1) mixing 50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 8 parts of ammonium hydroxide at normal temperature, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes for later use;
(2) mixing and dissolving 3 parts of methanol and 2 parts of ethanol at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) with normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
8 parts of water, 12 parts of gasoline and 7 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form a transparent light yellow solution.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
mixing 8 parts of water and 12 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, stirring, adding 7 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, and stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution.
The embodiment 4-6 is an embodiment without adding OP-4, the OP-4 is an emulsifier with strong performance, the addition amount of the microemulsion solubilizer can be reduced when the microemulsion gasoline and diesel oil are prepared by adding the microemulsion solubilizer, the performance of gasoline and diesel oil products is improved, the kinematic viscosity of the gasoline and diesel oil physical and chemical indexes of the embodiment 4, 5 and 6 without adding the OP-4 is respectively larger than that of the embodiment 1, 2 and 3 with adding the OP-4, and other physical and chemical indexes of the embodiment 4, 5 and 6 are respectively basically consistent with those of the embodiment 1, 2 and 3.
Example 7.
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
45 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 1 part of methanol and 1 part of ethanol.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1) mixing 45 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-;
(2) mixing and dissolving 1 part of methanol and 1 part of ethanol at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) at normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
6 parts of water, 14 parts of gasoline and 5 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form a transparent light yellow solution, and 14 parts of auxiliary naphtha is added and mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form the microemulsion.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
mixing 6 parts of water and 14 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, adding 5 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, stirring until the solution is transparent light yellow, and adding 14 parts of auxiliary naphtha into the solution, mixing and stirring at normal temperature to obtain the diesel oil microemulsion.
Example 8.
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
47.5 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7.5 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 2 parts of methanol and 1.5 parts of ethanol.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1)47.5 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7.5 parts of ammonium hydroxide are mixed and stirred at normal temperature for reaction for 30 minutes for later use;
(2)2 parts of methanol and 1.5 parts of ethanol are mixed and dissolved at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) with normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
7 parts of water, 13 parts of gasoline and 6 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form a transparent light yellow solution, and 13 parts of auxiliary agent pyrolysis sump oil is added and mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form the oil stain.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
mixing 7 parts of water and 13 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, adding 6 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution, adding 13 parts of auxiliary agent, cracking the dirty oil, and mixing at normal temperature.
Example 9.
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 8 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 3 parts of methanol and 2 parts of ethanol.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1) mixing 50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 8 parts of ammonium hydroxide at normal temperature, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes for later use;
(2) mixing and dissolving 3 parts of methanol and 2 parts of ethanol at normal temperature;
(3) mixing and stirring the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) at normal temperature.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
8 parts of water, 12 parts of gasoline and 7 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form a transparent light yellow solution, and then 12 parts of auxiliary agent pyrolysis sump oil is added and mixed and stirred at normal temperature to obtain the catalyst.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
mixing 8 parts of water and 12 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, adding 7 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution, adding 12 parts of auxiliary agent carbon 6-carbon 9, and mixing and stirring at normal temperature.
Example 10.
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
45 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 1 part of methanol, 1 part of ethanol and 0.5 part of OP-4.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1) mixing 45 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-;
(2) mixing and dissolving 1 part of methanol and 1 part of ethanol at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) with 0.5 part of OP-4 at normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (weight ratio):
6 parts of water, 14 parts of gasoline and 4 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form a transparent light yellow solution, and then 14 parts of auxiliary agent pyrolysis sump oil is added and mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form the microemulsion.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
mixing 6 parts of water and 14 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, stirring, adding 5 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution, adding 14 parts of auxiliary agent, cracking dirty oil, and mixing and stirring at normal temperature.
Example 11.
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
47.5 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7.5 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 2 parts of methanol, 1.5 parts of ethanol and 1.25 parts of OP-4.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1) mixing 47.5 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7.5 parts of ammonia hydroxide at normal temperature, stirring and reacting for 30 minutes for later use;
(2)2 parts of methanol and 1.5 parts of ethanol are mixed and dissolved at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps(1) and (2) with 1.25 parts of OP-4 at normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
7 parts of water, 13 parts of gasoline and 5.5 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form a transparent light yellow solution, and 13 parts of auxiliary agent carbon 6-carbon 9 are added and mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form the microemulsion.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
mixing 7 parts of water and 13 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, adding 6 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, stirring until the solution is transparent light yellow, and adding 13 parts of auxiliary agent carbon 6-carbon 9, and mixing and stirring at normal temperature.
Example 12
A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 8 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 3 parts of methanol, 2 parts of ethanol and 2 parts of OP-4.
The preparation method of the microemulsion solubilizer comprises the following steps (by weight):
(1) mixing 50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 8 parts of ammonium hydroxide at normal temperature, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes for later use;
(2) mixing and dissolving 3 parts of methanol and 2 parts of ethanol at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) with 2 parts of OP-4 at normal temperature and stirring.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion gasoline (by weight ratio):
8 parts of water, 12 parts of gasoline and 7 parts of microemulsion solubilizer are mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form a transparent light yellow solution, and then 12 parts of auxiliary naphtha is added to be mixed and stirred at normal temperature to form the microemulsion.
The microemulsion solubilizer is used for preparing microemulsion diesel oil (by weight ratio):
mixing 8 parts of water and 12 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, adding 7 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution, adding 12 parts of auxiliary naphtha, and mixing and stirring at normal temperature.
The function of the auxiliary agent:
naphtha, which is gasoline front cut, is a semi-finished product of gasoline, is mainly used for adjusting base oil of finished gasoline and has the function of reducing the gasoline cost;
the dirty oil is cracked, the viscosity of the oil product is reduced, and the cost of the oil product is reduced;
charcoal 6-charcoal 9, which is a heavy fraction of liquefied gas, is used to regulate the viscosity and flash point of oil.
Reaction mechanism and theoretical basis for preparing microemulsion solubilizer and microemulsion diesel gasoline
1. Microemulsions form two types of barriers, which for 0-20 μm diameter particles will form adsorption films that retard agglomeration, while for 500-1500 μm particles will cause the ion surfaces to acquire like charges that repel each other and disperse in the oil, a phenomenon generally referred to as the two-electron effect. Microscopically, microemulsions are dual agents with dispersing and solubilizing effects, the so-called solubilization action being the dissolution of the liquid solute of the insoluble material in the oil into the micelles. There are several ways of solubilization, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, cycloalkanes, and other compounds that are not readily polarizable, are generally solubilized in the inner core of the micelle, as is the case with nonpolar hydrocarbon liquids. Hydrocarbons that are prone to polarization, such as miscanthus, may then adsorb at the micelle-water interface or "fence" into which the surfactant is inserted. And polar molecules are dissolved in the micelle shell in the micelle solution of the nonionic surfactant. Solubilization is also a special effect of the surfactant, which is only apparent after cmc. The system formed by the solubilization is thermodynamically stable. The amount of solubilization is related to the concentration of surfactant, the greater the concentration, the more micelle formation and the more sparingly soluble the solution. The amount of solubilization will, of course, also depend on the molecular structure, molecular weight, etc. of the surfactant.
2. According to the latest theory (microexplosion theory), the water particles with the size of 0-50 μm in the fuel oil are peptized, just like the dissolution phenomenon of solute. When the temperature is high instantaneously, the water particles are enlarged quickly to generate explosion phenomenon, thereby further dispersing and gasifying the fuel, and simultaneously providing a certain amount of oxygen for the fuel combustion instantaneously, and at the moment, the fuel can be fully combusted although the air inlet amount is reduced.
The fuel oil and steam system of the internal combustion engine is a decisive part for directly determining the fuel consumption and whether the fuel can be completely combusted. The air inflow is large, the oxygen is increased, but the oil gas inflow is increased. The relevant data show that the oxygen content in the mixed gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is increased by 5%, the fuel consumption is reduced by 5%, and the complete combustion rate is improved by 5%.
It is also described that 10-14% of water in fuel oil is used to prepare water-in-oil type emulsified heavy oil with 1 micron particles, and the spraying of particles is carried out at 30-100um The molar ratio of the kilocalories per mole is, when the emulsified oil with 20% water content is used at the exhaust gas temperature of 300 ℃, the oxygen content of the exhaust gas is reduced from 70% to 30%, namely the damp-heat loss of the excess air is reduced from 15% to 12%, the thermal efficiency is improved by 3%, the heat loss brought by the water content in the exhaust gas is reduced by 1.8%, the thermal efficiency is improved by 1.2%, and the fuel consumption can be reduced by 1.2 ÷ 0.88 ÷ 1.4%, and the NO of the exhaust gas is reduced by 1.2 ÷ 1.4%xThe content is reduced by 6-20%, and the soot is reduced by 6-12%.
Therefore, the fuel oil of the internal combustion engine system is economically feasible to be mixed with water, anti-knock and oil-saving.
Please refer to appendix 3.
Claims (12)
1. A microemulsion solubilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
45-50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7-8 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 1-3 parts of methanol and 1-2 parts of ethanol.
2. The microemulsion solubilizer according to claim 1, wherein (by weight):
the microemulsion solubilizer also contains 0.5-2 parts of OP-4.
3. A microemulsion solubilizer is prepared from (by weight):
(1) mixing 45-50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7-8 parts of ammonium hydroxide at normal temperature, stirring and reacting for 20-40 minutes for later use;
(2)1-3 parts of methanol and 1-2 parts of ethanol are mixed and dissolved at normal temperature;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) at normal temperature and stirring.
4. A process for preparing a microemulsion solubilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the microemulsion solubilizer has the following characteristics (by weight)
(1) (2) the same claim as 3;
(3) mixing the substances obtained in the two steps (1) and (2) with 0.5-2 parts of OP-4 at normal temperature and stirring.
5. The use of a microemulsion solubilizer for preparing microemulsion gasoline (weight ratio) is as follows:
6-8 parts of water, 14-12 parts of gasoline and 5-7 parts of micro-emulsion solubilizer, and mixing and stirring the mixture at normal temperature to obtain a transparent light yellow solution.
6. Use of a microemulsion solubilizer according to claim 5 for formulating a microemulsified gasoline, characterized in that (by weight):
adding 14-12 parts of auxiliary agent into the transparent light yellow solution, and mixing and stirring at normal temperature to obtain the transparent light yellow solution; the auxiliary agent can be naphtha, or pyrolysis dirty oil, or charcoal 6-charcoal 9.
7. Use of a microemulsion solubilizer according to claim 5 for formulating a microemulsified gasoline, characterized in that (by weight):
wherein the micro-emulsion solubilizer comprises a reactant of 45-50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7-8 parts of ammonia hydroxide, 1-3 parts of methanol and 1-2 parts of ethanol, and also comprises 0.5-2 parts of OP-4, and the micro-emulsion solubilizer is 4-7 parts in the prepared gasoline.
8. Use of a microemulsion solubilizer according to claim 7 for formulating a microemulsified gasoline characterized in that
Adding 14-12 parts of auxiliary agent into the transparent light yellow solution, and mixing and stirring at normal temperature to obtain the transparent light yellow solution; the auxiliary agent can be naphtha, or pyrolysis dirty oil, or charcoal 6-charcoal 9.
9. The use (weight ratio) of a microemulsion solubilizer for preparing microemulsion diesel oil is as follows:
mixing 6-8 parts of water and 14-12 parts of diesel oil at normal temperature, adding 5-7 parts of microemulsion solubilizer in batches, and stirring until the mixture is transparent light yellow solution.
10. Use of a microemulsion solubilizer according to claim 1 in the formulation of a microemulsion diesel according to claim 5, characterized in that (by weight):
adding 14-12 parts of auxiliary agent into the transparent light yellow solution, and mixing and stirring at normal temperature to obtain the transparent light yellow solution; the auxiliary agent can be naphtha, or pyrolysis dirty oil, or charcoal 6-charcoal 9.
11. Use of a microemulsion solubilizer according to claim 9 for the formulation of a microemulsified diesel, characterized in that (by weight):
wherein the micro-emulsion solubilizer comprises 45-50 parts of naphthenic acid (acid value 160-180) and 7-8 parts of reactants of ammonia hydroxide, 1-3 parts of methanol and 1-2 parts of ethanol, and also comprises 0.5-2 parts of OP-4.
12. Use of a microemulsion solubilizer according to claim 11 for the formulation of microemulsified diesel, characterized in that
Adding 14-12 parts of auxiliary agent into the transparent light yellow solution, and mixing and stirring at normal temperature to obtain the transparent light yellow solution; the auxiliary agent can be naphtha, or pyrolysis dirty oil, or charcoal 6-charcoal 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98114082 CN1239731A (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1998-06-18 | Microemulsifying cosolvent and its preparation process and use in compounding microemulsified gasoline and diesel oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98114082 CN1239731A (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1998-06-18 | Microemulsifying cosolvent and its preparation process and use in compounding microemulsified gasoline and diesel oil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1239731A true CN1239731A (en) | 1999-12-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98114082 Pending CN1239731A (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1998-06-18 | Microemulsifying cosolvent and its preparation process and use in compounding microemulsified gasoline and diesel oil |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101469278B (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2013-03-06 | 北京三昌宇恒科技发展有限公司 | Microemulsion fuel prepared from quantization carbon material, and preparation and apparatus thereof |
-
1998
- 1998-06-18 CN CN 98114082 patent/CN1239731A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101469278B (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2013-03-06 | 北京三昌宇恒科技发展有限公司 | Microemulsion fuel prepared from quantization carbon material, and preparation and apparatus thereof |
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