CN1239681A - Magnetic separating machine, separating process and corollary equipment for separating waste catalytic cracking catalyst - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to magnetic separating technology and equipment for recovering the useful component from waste catalyst from oil refinery. The magnetic separating machine consists of two main working units, vertical separating ring and magnet, and the separating ring has working plane perpendicular to the plane of field coil placed inside the magnet and is separated into several magnetic separating chambers for placing the magnetic conducting silk screen. Waste catalyst carried by compressed air is separated magnetically and continuously. The radial vibration mechanism for the separating ring results in ever high separation effect. The non-magnetic catalyst recovered by said technology has heavy metal content obviously lower than that of waste catalyst and 3 units raised activity for microreactor.

Description

Catalytic cracking spent catalyst magnetic separator and technical process and corollary apparatus

The present invention relates to recycling to the refinery catalytic cracking spent catalyst.

In order to make full use of petroleum resources, the deep processing of oil such as the catalytic cracking process of heavy oil are the important process links.In catalytic cracking process, beavy metal impurities such as the contained vanadium of stock oil, nickel, iron can deposit to catalyst surface gradually, reduce activity of such catalysts and selectivity, thereby have reduced the yield and the performance of catalysate.For the property retention that makes catalyzer in the catalytic cracking unit in higher level, the general practice is both at home and abroad at present, regularly draws off the partial equilibrium agent from device, more additional part live catalyst in device.This way is proved effectively by long-term practice, but in fact also contains in some adding apparatus operation catalyzer soon from the spent catalyst that device draws off, and its use properties is also higher, and it is waste to expensive resource that this part is together thrown aside with useless agent.Useless agent has certain radioactivity needs buried underground disposal, the processing of useless agent in a large number, not only contaminate environment but also increase processing costs.Therefore, how to isolate useful composition from spent catalyst, be the key subjects that refinery is badly in need of solution always.

The catalyzer that is made of silicon, aluminium, zeolite does not have magnetic, but has polluted after the heavy metals such as iron, nickel, vanadium, can show certain magnetic under magnetic field.The heavy metal contamination degree is high more, the magnetic of catalyzer in magnetic field is just obvious more, therefore just can use magnetic separation technique, to give up agent by the different separated into two parts of magnetic, a part be in device working time long, metallic pollution degree seriously, catalytic activity and the lower magnetic agent of selectivity, another part be in device working time short, metallic pollution degree gently, the higher low magnetic agent of catalytic activity and selectivity or non magnetic dose, the latter uses in the return mechanism again.

Patent US4359379 has announced the High-gradient Magnetic isolation technique of Japan National Oil Corporation, this technology is applied to process the fluidized catalytic cracker of distillation residue solvent-deasphalted oils or hydrogenating desulfurization oil, carrier can be selected air, hydrogen, water vapor and composition thereof for use, magneticstrength is 2000～20000 Gausses, and field gradient is (2000～20000) * 10 ³Gauss/cm has been introduced isolating magnetic thing and can have been removed sedimentary metal by methods such as ion-exchange, chlorination, sulfuration, carbonylation, redox; Patent US5190635 has set forth the influence to the magnetic separating effect of ferromegnetism and superparamagnetism; Introduce among the patent WO9219698, with spent catalyst grinding, size sorting, strengthen the magnetic separating effect, above-mentioned patent does not all relate to the type structure of magnetic separating technology and equipment.

The objective of the invention is to, separate equipment and corresponding magnetic separation process scheme, realize the recycling of useful part in the spent catalyst by exploitation magnetic.

Technical scheme of the present invention is, design one cover is as the magnetic separator of core apparatus, and with the magnetic separating technology corollary apparatus of pressurized air for useless agent delivery vehicles.

Magnetic separator is made of separation ring and two most important work unit of magnet, the separation ring main shaft is driven by buncher, speed reduction unit shaft coupling, separation ring is operated in the vertical plane, the separation ring ring body is isolated into the plurality of separate chamber, overlap to place magnetic conduction and magnetic conductive metal twine not in each separate chamber, under the high-intensity magnetic field background, form the high-gradient magnetic field space, become the magnetic split site of spent catalyst.Magnet by with the engineering pure iron be the yoke of material and within it the magnetizing coil of horizontal positioned form, be the unit that generates an electromagnetic field.The inner circular channel of rotating for the sorting ring body that forms of yoke, complete a business transaction with the magnetizing coil plane is vertical the separation ring sagittal plane, makes the sorting ring body of rotating element enter magnetic field successively at rotation period, break away from magnetic field.Be provided with isolated mutually two groups of slide hoppers in the yoke body of the upper and lower of circular channel, the magnet top is provided with useless agent material feeder and pressurized air wind scoop.Magnetic separator also comprises the circulating cooling system that powerful galvanic rectifier is provided and magnetizing coil, rectifier are lowered the temperature to magnetizing coil.

In order to increase the quantity space of separate chamber, improve the structural strength of separation ring, it is the structure formation that supporting gusset, both sides are set up in parallel ring body that separation ring adopts with middle ring flat-plate.

In the separate chamber, still there is a small part non-magnetic particle to force to take part in magnetic-particle and be adsorbed on the magnetic conduction twine.Separation ring main shaft of the present invention is equipped with excitation wheel by bearing, the eccentric block of adjustable position is set on the excitation wheel, the elastic support that the separation ring main shaft is made up of rubber spring is supported on the magnet, and by motor, belt transmission pay, speed reduction unit and shaft coupling drive, make the speed of mainshaft adjustable, adopt buncher as motor, or change the transmitting ratio that belt transmission is paid.Buncher, belt transmission are paid and are driven the excitation wheel vibration unit and form, and make the sorting ring body produce radial vibration, thereby discharge the non-magnetic particle of being forced to take part by the magnetic agent, to improve non magnetic dose the rate of recovery.

The present invention is used catalyst support with pressurized air, the process matching flow process is: spent catalyst is behind magnetic coarse strainer filtering ferromagnetism particle and large size impurity, incoming stock jar, regulate and control by feed controller, constantly the pressurized air with wind regime output mixes, and sends into the material feeder homogenizing in the magnetic separator, and the separation ring separate chamber that enters then in magnetic field carries out the magnetic separation, magnetic-particle be adsorbed on the magnetic wire cloth, non-magnetic particle slips hopper by one group to be separated; Simultaneously, the pressurized air wind scoop blows out the weak magnetic-particle that is trapped in the magnetic field in the separate chamber, along another group slide hopper neutrophil granule is separated; Along with separation ring rotates, the separate chamber breaks away from magnetic field, and the pressurized air wind scoop of placing in the magnetic conductive metal silk screen loss of excitation, machine blows off magnetic-particle; The separation ring top is provided with the backwash wind scoop, and pressurized air oppositely is blown into, and removes residual particles in the separate chamber, dredges clear wire cloth; Carry the pressurized air of magnetic, weak magnetic, non-magnetic particle, enter corresponding gas-solid separator by pipeline respectively, with the solid particulate separated and collected, its tail gas is arranged to atmosphere after the further dedusting of cleaner.

Use magnetic separation technique of the present invention and equipment, the non magnetic dose of rate of recovery reaches more than 60%, in magneticstrength is under 9000-11000 Gauss's conditions, the non magnetic dose of heavy metal content that reclaims is starkly lower than spent catalyst, its micro-activity improves 3 more than the unit, turn back in the catalyst-assembly consumption that can save live catalyst after using with non magnetic dose, reduced useless agent processing costs again simultaneously, have very remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit.

Provide embodiments of the invention below:

Accompanying drawing 1 is the magnetic separator structural front view.

Accompanying drawing 2 is magnetic separator structure side view.

Accompanying drawing 3 is the separation ring structural front view.

Accompanying drawing 4 is a separation ring structure side view.

Accompanying drawing 5 is the magnet perspective view.

Accompanying drawing 6 is a magnetic separation process scheme sketch.

Magnetic separator is made of separation ring 1,2 two groundwork unit of magnet.Separation ring is operated in the vertical plane, the elastic support 12 that its main shaft 3 is made up of spring rubber is supported on the magnet 2, separation ring main shaft 3 by motor 4, belt transmission pay 5, speed reduction unit 6 and shaft coupling 7 drive, and make the speed of mainshaft adjustable, adopt buncher or change the transmitting ratio that belt transmission is paid as motor.The other end of main shaft 3 is equipped with excitation wheel 8 by bearing, and the eccentric block 9 of adjustable position is set on the excitation wheel; Pay in buncher 10 and belt transmission under 11 the driving, the excitation wheel rotation makes the sorting ring body produce radial vibration.Change the buncher rotating speed and can control the rotating speed and the vibrational frequency of separation ring, change the quality or the displacement of eccentric block, can control radially amplitude of sorting ring body.

Separation ring is a supporting plate with middle ring flat-plate 13, its both sides ring body 14 arranged side by side, and dividing plate 15 is separated into the plurality of separate chamber with ring body, and interfolded magnetic conduction and magnetic conductive metal silk screen 16 not in each separate chamber, holder rod 17 and pressure bar 18 are fixed and clamped wire cloth.The separate chamber is the isolating main place of magnetic, middle ring flat-plate center and main shaft 3 bindings.

Magnet 2 is the places that generate an electromagnetic field, and is material with the engineering pure iron, is combined by upper left yoke 19, upper right yoke 20, side yoke 21 and lower yoke 22.Horizontal positioned magnetizing coil 23 in the yoke body, coil section is rectangle or circle, intermediate throughholes provides flow passage for refrigerant.The effect of yoke is to form closed magnetic path, and prevents that magnetic line of force from leaking, and four yokes assemblies set as one, and bonding surface adopts pressure-resistant seal, prevents that spent catalyst from leaking; In magnet inside, magnetizing coil will be isolated fully with wind and catalyst channels, to guarantee that coil insulation is intact; The inner circular channel 24 of rotating that forms of yoke for the sorting ring body, the circular channel is positioned at magnetizing coil, and working face is completed a business transaction with the magnetizing coil plane is vertical, be provided with isolated mutually two groups of slide hoppers in the yoke body of the upper and lower of circular channel 24, they are respectively non-magnetic particle slide hopper 25 and weak magnetic-particle slide hopper 26.Hood 27 and main shaft and magnet 2 upper surface pressure-resistant seals.Magnetic separator is also disposed to magnetizing coil and is provided powerful galvanic rectifier 29 and to magnetizing coil, single coil excitement refrigerative water-circulating cooling device 28.

Fig. 6 has provided the supporting general flow chart of magnetic separating technology.Compressed air source 30 is carried used catalyst support wind and technology wind by under meter 31 and the magnetic separator of blast tube alignment, the useless agent that draws off from catalytic cracking unit is earlier through the magnetic coarse strainer, charging feedstock jar 32 behind filtering ferromagnetism particle and the large size impurity, via valve 33, feed controller 34 regulation and control, constantly mix with pressurized air, send into material feeder 35 homogenizing in the magnetic separator, arrive the separation ring separate chamber in the magnetic field, magnetic-particle be adsorbed in magnetic wire cloth 16, non-magnetic particle separates through slipping hopper 25; Simultaneously, weak magnetic-particle separates through slide hopper 26 as neutral agent under 36 effects of pressurized air wind scoop; Wind scoop 37 will break away from the indoor magnetic-particle of magnetic field separation and blow off; The pressurized air of backwash wind scoop 38 oppositely is blown into the separate chamber, removes residual particles mediation wire cloth, is in clean state when guaranteeing to accept spent catalyst next time.Carrying isolating magnetic-particle or non-magnetic particle from the pressurized air of magnetic separator output enters gas-solid separator 39 respectively and isolates solid formulation; and take in magnetic agent holding tank 41 and non magnetic dose of holding tank 40 respectively; intermediate agent can be incorporated in non magnetic dose or the magnetic agent according to arts demand or service requirements; carry a little solid particulate secretly from the gas-solid separator tail gas discharged, row is to atmosphere after cleaner 42 is further removed.

Catalyzer for different metal content, its separating effect and non magnetic dose of yield and processing parameters such as magneticstrength, separation ring rotating speed, vibrational frequency, compressed air require and useless agent treatment capacity are in close relations, the present invention has adopted the measure of can regulating in above-mentioned link, so that test obtains best effect.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of catalytic cracking spent catalyst magnetic separator, mainly include (2) two groundwork unit of separation ring (1) and magnet and rectifier (29), water cooling plant (28) is characterized in that: separation ring (1) is operated in the vertical plane, the separation ring ring body is isolated into the plurality of separate chamber, overlap to place in the separate chamber magnetic conduction and not magnetic conductive metal silk screen (16) magnet (2) by yoke and therein the magnetizing coil of horizontal positioned (23) form, the inner circular channel (24) of rotating that forms of yoke for the sorting ring body, separation ring radially working face is completed a business transaction with the magnetizing coil plane is vertical, on the circular channel (24), be provided with mutual isolated slide hopper (25) and (26) in the yoke body of below, magnet (2) top is provided with spent catalyst material feeder (35) and pressurized air wind scoop; The elastic support (12) that separation ring main shaft (3) is made up of rubber spring is supported on the magnet (2), and main shaft (3) is paid (5), speed reduction unit (6), shaft coupling (7) driving by buncher (4), belt transmission, and makes the speed of mainshaft adjustable; The other end of main shaft (3) is equipped with excitation wheel (8).

2, catalytic cracking spent catalyst magnetic separation process scheme and corollary apparatus, mainly include compressed air source (30), spent catalyst head tank (32), gas-solid separator (39), cleaner (42) and holding tank (40) and (41), technical process is characterised in that: adopt pressurized air as used catalyst support, the useless agent that draws off from catalytic cracking unit, through magnetic coarse strainer charging feedstock jar, through feed controller (34) regulation and control, constantly mix with pressurized air, send into material feeder (35) homogenizing in the magnetic separator, arrive the separation ring separate chamber in the magnetic field, isolate non magnetic dose; Pressurized air wind scoop (36) is isolated neutral agent with weak magnetic-particle in the separate chamber in the magnetic field; Pressurized air wind scoop (37) will break away from that magnetic-particle blows off in the separate chamber in magnetic field; Backwash wind scoop (38) is removed residual particles in the separate chamber, dredges clear wire cloth; Carry the magnetic agent, non magnetic dose pressurized air enters gas-solid separator (39) respectively and isolates solid particulate; The tail gas that produces is after cleaner (42) dedusting, and row is to atmosphere.

3, catalytic cracking spent catalyst magnetic separator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the excitation wheel of installing on the separation ring main shaft (8) is provided with the eccentric block (9) of adjustable position, and excitation wheel (8) is paid (11) by buncher (10) and belt transmission and driven.

4, according to claim 1,3 described catalytic cracking spent catalyst magnetic separators, it is characterized in that: separation ring (2) is to be supporting plate with middle ring flat-plate (13), both sides ring bodies arranged side by side (14), dividing plate (15) is isolated into the plurality of separate chamber with ring body, indoor wire cloth (16) is ask rod (17) and pressure bar (18) to be fixed and clamped middle ring flat-plate center and main shaft (3) binding.

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