The cement concrete strengthens polyethylene fiber and its preparation method
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of polyethylene fiber and manufacture method thereof, especially for the polyethylene fiber and the manufacture method thereof of cement concrete enhancing.
Background technology
Fiber with dispersiveness comes the refinforced cement concrete, improve the fragility of cement matrix, cement and concrete crack resistance, toughness, antiknock and impact resistance, impermeability, frost resistance and durability, tension, bending resistance (folding) intensity can be improved in varying degrees, thereby the cement and the concrete scope of application thereof can be further enlarged.Fiber as cement and the use of concrete enhancing purposes thereof was mainly asbestos fibre, steel fibre, glass fibre, carbon fiber in the past.But steel fibre or glass fibre corrosion resistance are poor, and carbon fiber costs an arm and a leg, and asbestos fibre has been found to have carcinogenic and has been limited to use, and development and Application and Development that various cement and concrete thereof strengthen with synthetic fiber grow up under this background.Wherein, polyamide fiber with its have fabulous chemical resistance, light specific gravity, cost is low and have a wide range of applications.
The tensile strength of cement paste is 3-6MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 10-25GPa, and limit elongation is 0.01-0.05%; The tensile strength of cement mortar is 2-4MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 25-35GPa, and limit elongation is 0.005-0.015%; The tensile strength of cement concrete is 1-4MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 30-40GPa, and limit elongation is 0.01-0.02%.During as cement and the use of concrete reinforcing material thereof, the intensity of fiber and modulus, especially modulus should be higher than These parameters.EP0743380, EP0091547, JP6313207, CN1071652, CN1147572 etc. are by improving intensity and the modulus that spinning technique has improved polypropylene fibre, but because of the modulus index all below 8GPa, be lower than cement and do not have humidification.
CN1071652A, China application 96116519.7, JP7267709, JP890287189, patent documentations such as GB1130612, US4261754 disclose the method that the odd-shaped cross section polypropylene fibre is used for cement and anti-cracking concrete thereof.In existing conventional synthetic fiber technology, usually adopted the odd-shaped cross section synthetic fiber to improve the performance such as feel, resilience, pilling tendency, gloss of fiber, the odd-shaped cross section synthetic fiber have been widely used in and have made varicosity fabric, knitted fabric, latitude fabric, knitting wool, carpet etc. at present, but the report with High molecular weight polyethylene solution spinning odd-shaped cross section polyethylene fiber had not been arranged up to now.
The content of invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of refinforced cement and concrete polyethylene fiber and manufacture method thereof of being used for, described polyethylene fiber has odd-shaped cross section, high intensity and modulus, especially its modulus is higher than cement and concrete modulus thereof, and have good dispersed and and cement matrix between adhesiveness, have good cement concrete to strengthen the property.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is, a kind of cement and concrete thereof strengthen polyethylene fiber and manufacture method thereof, with molecular weight is the polyvinyl resin of 80-500 ten thousand, after dissolution with solvents by special-shaped spinneret orifice extruding spinning and drawing-off, obtain intensity 〉=20g/d (1709MPa), the odd-shaped cross section polyethylene fiber of modulus 〉=500g/d (43GPa); Adopt alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium that fiber is carried out surface treatment, improved fiber water dispersible and and cement between compatibility, strengthen the property thereby make the gained fiber have good cement concrete.
The polyethylene fiber for reinforcing concrete of Zhi Zaoing according to the method described above, has odd-shaped cross section, molecular weight is 80-500 ten thousand, the length of fiber is 5-10mm, the fiber number of fiber is 2.1-14d, and intensity is 21-35g/d, and modulus is 56-90GPa, extension at break is 4-6%, and the content of surface conditioning agent alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium is 0.5-5wt%.
Polyethylene fiber for reinforcing concrete of the present invention, wherein said alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium are dodecylphosphoric acid triethanol ammonium, octyl di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ethanol ammonium.Wherein said polyethylene fiber molecular weight is 100-300 ten thousand, has non-circular cross section, the fiber number of fiber is 2.1-4.7d, the length of fiber is 5-10mm, intensity is 25-35g/d, modulus is 60-90GPa, and extension at break is 4-6%, and the amount of the alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium that the surface has is 0.5-5wt%.
The preparation method of polyethylene fiber for reinforcing concrete of the present invention is: be the polyvinyl resin of 80-500 ten thousand with molecular weight, after the decahydronaphthalene dissolving, pass through spinneret orifice extruding spinning and drawing-off, the gained gel fiber is behind the decahydronaphthalene volatile dry, inhale alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium by the food tray oiling device that alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol aqueous ammonium is housed, drawing-off in hot path then obtains polyethylene fiber for reinforcing concrete after cutting machine cuts off.Specifically, the preparation method of polyethylene fiber for reinforcing concrete of the present invention is: with molecular weight be the polyethylene resin powder of 80-500 ten thousand and decahydronaphthalene according to 7: 93-40: 60 mixed, suspension swelling 2.5 hours under 97 ℃ of conditions in reactor, extrude through the dissolving of feeding device feeding twin-screw dissolving extruder, the extrusion solution temperature is controlled to be 210 ℃, extrude through prefilter and measuring pump spinneret orifice, the gained gel fiber is behind the decahydronaphthalene volatile dry, the food tray oiling device of the 8-12 carbon alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol aqueous ammonium by 5-30% is housed adsorbs this 8-12 carbon alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium, drawing-off in hot path under 115-145 ℃ of temperature then obtains polyethylene fiber for reinforcing concrete after cutting machine cuts off.
Spinneret orifice in the said method is the odd-shaped cross section spinneret orifice.
Be used for cement concrete enhanced polypropylene or polyethylene fiber in the prior art, system adopts conventional molecular weight (molecular weight 5-35 ten thousand) to make through conventional melt-spinning technology, its intensity and modulus, especially modulus is well below cement and concrete modulus thereof, though thereby add in cement and the concrete substrate thereof the back to and can play anticracking and impervious effect, do not have humidification.The present invention adopts ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (molecular weight 80-500 ten thousand), former liquid preparing process and gel spinning technology through dissolution with solvents, make intensity and modulus and be higher than cement and concrete fiber thereof, can play anticracking and humidification simultaneously after adding in cement and the concrete substrate thereof.The preferred 100-300 ten thousand of the molecular weight of polyvinyl resin of the present invention.
Adopt polypropylene fibre to be used for cement concrete anticracking purposes in the prior art with odd-shaped cross section.The present invention adopts the super high molecular weight polyethylene gel spinning technique to make the odd-shaped cross section polyethylene fiber that intensity and modulus all are higher than the cement concrete base material, can play simultaneously for cement and concrete anticracking and humidification.
" odd-shaped cross section polyethylene fiber " of the present invention is meant that its cross section of polyethylene fiber is non-circularly to help increasing itself and cement and concrete contact area thereof and inlay any cross sectional shape of effect, also can be the combination in more than one cross sections.Described special-shaped surfaces can be " trilobal ", " pancake ", " cross ", " five is leaf ", " quincunx ", " snowflake shape " etc., such cross sectional shape can make the rigidity of fiber be improved and help disperseing, it is agglomerating to avoid tangling, simultaneously, polyethylene fiber of the present invention can fully contact with cement.
" alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium " of the present invention is meant the compound with following chemical constitution:
M=1-3 wherein, n=1-3, R are the alkane of 8-12C.
JP6248506, JP6219797, EP0535373 etc. had mentioned once that relevant " alkyl phosphoric acid alkali metal salt " was used to prevent the surface-treated method of cement and concrete cracking polypropylene fibre thereof, and the inventor finds, " alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium " have better water dispersible and with the adhesion property of polyethylene fiber.Owing to when the chemical analysis in alkyl phosphoric acid ethanolamine salt and the cement concrete matrix reacts and bonds, can displace the part monoethanolamine.And monoethanolamine is an interpolation auxiliary agent of producing high-quality cement, not only can prevent the cement caking, also can increase the flowability and the curing performance of cement, thereby improved the compatibility of fiber and cement concrete basal body interface, so the non-metal salt of alkyl phosphoric acid---alkyl phosphoric acid ethanolamine salt that the compound (monoethanolamine, diethanol amine, triethanolamine) of alkyl phosphoric acid and monoethanolamine generates have better water dispersible and with the adhesion property of polyethylene fiber.In addition, because the alkyl (R) of the carbochain of alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium oligomer of the present invention part has good compatibility with the polyethylene carbochain, and end group phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium part has affine and caking property with cement and concrete thereof, thereby has played the effect that is connected between fiber and cement and the concrete thereof.
Alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium oligomer of the present invention can be made into the aqueous solution of 0.5-30%, fiber is adsorbed spinning on the journey upper oil-pan.Fiber through after water evaporates after the road heating drawing-off, the amount of this oligomer of absorption is the 0.1-8% of fibre weight on the fiber, preferred 0.5-5%.
It is the polyethylene of 80-500 ten thousand that the present invention adopts molecular weight, after dissolution with solvents by special-shaped spinneret orifice extruding spinning and drawing-off, and make fiber absorption surface finishing agent alkyl phosphoric acid ethanol ammonium on the journey upper oil-pan spinning, the polyethylene fiber that obtains having odd-shaped cross section and be adsorbed with finishing agent, obtain intensity and modulus, especially modulus is greater than the polyethylene fiber of cement analog value, the adsorbent on its odd-shaped cross section and surface has improved the contact interface of cement and fiber, affine and caking property, polyethylene fiber for reinforcing concrete of the present invention is used for cement to be strengthened, and can improve the rupture strength of cement, impervious ability and impact resistance.
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, described embodiment is used to describe the present invention, rather than restriction the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a spray orifice shape of making the profiled filament spinnerets in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a spray orifice shape of making the profiled filament spinnerets in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a spray orifice shape of making the profiled filament spinnerets in yet another embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Reference example
With molecular weight is that 2,000,000 polyethylene resin powder and decahydronaphthalene were according to 20: 80 mixed, suspension swelling 2.5 hours under 97 ℃ of conditions in reactor, extrude through the dissolving of feeding device feeding twin-screw dissolving extruder, the extrusion solution temperature is controlled to be 210 ℃, extrude from Y shape odd-shaped cross section spinneret orifice through prefilter and measuring pump, the gained gel fiber is behind the decahydronaphthalene volatile dry, by the food tray oiling device absorption surface finishing agent of the alkyl phosphate triethanol ammonium aqueous solution in third of the twelve Earthly Branches of 7% is housed, fully drawing-off in hot path under 115-145 ℃ of temperature then, the fiber number of gained staple fibre is 4.7d after cutting machine cuts off, length 7mm, intensity is 25.6g/d, modulus is 812g/d (69.4GPa), extension at break 5.1%, and the amount that contains surface conditioning agent is 1.4%.With this fiber with 0.2% volume volume (1.8kg/m
3) joining cement (resembling board 525 Portland cements): sand: stone: water is 1: 2: 3: in 0.6 the concrete, and control steam-cured temperature below 100 ℃, obtain rupture strength examination body 10 * 10 * 40cm
3, the anti-folding of control group (not mixing fiber) 4.0MPa mixes group of fibers 5.7MPa; Compression strength examination body 10 * 10 * 10cm
3, control group (not mixing fiber) resistance to compression 29.0MPa mixes group of fibers 31.6MPa, and other performances are: impervious ability (pressing the GBJ82-85 test) improves 70%; Impact resistance (pressing the GB/T15231.5-94 test) improves 25.8%.
Embodiment 1
Other same reference example, polyethylene resin powder and decahydronaphthalene are mixed in proportion, suspension swelling 2.5 hours under 97 ℃ of conditions in reactor, extrude through the dissolving of feeding device feeding twin-screw dissolving extruder, the extrusion solution temperature is controlled to be 210 ℃, extrude from Y shape odd-shaped cross section spinneret orifice through prefilter and measuring pump, the gained gel fiber is behind the decahydronaphthalene volatile dry, by the food tray oiling device absorption surface finishing agent of the alkyl phosphoric acid triethanol ammonium aqueous solution is housed, fully drawing-off in hot path under 115-145 ℃ of temperature then gets staple fibre after cutting machine cuts off.Different is that the employing molecular weight is 950,000 polyethylene resin powder: decahydronaphthalene is 30: 70 a mixing suspension, and the Y shape of large-size abnormity spinneret orifice, and the concentration of the dodecylphosphoric acid triethanol ammonium aqueous solution is 20%; The length 10mm of gained staple fibre after cutting machine cuts off, fiber number is 13.6d, and intensity is 21g/d, and modulus is 657g/d (56GPa), extension at break 4.3%, the amount that contains surface conditioning agent is 0.1wt%.With this fiber with 0.2% volume volume (1.8kg/m
3) joining cement (resembling board 525 Portland cements): sand: stone: water is 1: 2: 3: in 0.6 the concrete, and control steam-cured temperature below 100 ℃, obtain rupture strength examination body 10 * 10 * 40cm
3, the anti-folding of control group (not mixing fiber) 4.0MPa mixes group of fibers 5.1MPa; Compression strength examination body 10 * 10 * 10cm
3, control group (not mixing fiber) resistance to compression 29.0MPa mixes group of fibers 29.8MPa.
Embodiment 2
Other is with embodiment 1 or reference example, adopt flat (rectangle) spinneret orifice, different is that the employing molecular weight is 3,000,000 polyethylene resin powder: decahydronaphthalene is 10: 90 a mixing suspension, the length 5mm of gained staple fibre after cutting machine cuts off, fiber number is 2.1, and intensity is 35g/d, and modulus is 1050g/d (90GPa), extension at break 4.0%, the amount that contains surface conditioning agent dodecylphosphoric acid triethanol ammonium is 5wt%.Rupture strength improves 55%, and compression strength improves 10%, and impervious ability improves 72%; Impact resistance improves 30%.
Embodiment 3
Other is with embodiment 1 or reference example, different is that surface conditioning agent is an octyl di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ethanol ammonium, adopt cross abnormity spinneret orifice, molecular weight is 5,000,000 polyethylene resin powder: decahydronaphthalene is 7: 93 a mixing suspension, the length 7mm of gained staple fibre after cutting machine cuts off, and fiber number is 3.4d, intensity is 34g/d, modulus is 1053g/d (90GPa), extension at break 6.0%, and the amount that contains surface conditioning agent octyl di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ethanol ammonium is 0.5wt%.Rupture strength improves 56%, and compression strength improves 10%, and impervious ability improves 73%; Impact resistance improves 31%.
Embodiment 4
Other is with embodiment 1 or reference example, different is that surface conditioning agent is certain herbaceous plants with big flowers alkyl phosphoric acid one an ethanol ammonium, adopt five leaf special-shaped spinneret orifices, molecular weight is 800,000 polyethylene resin powder: decahydronaphthalene is 40: 60 a mixing suspension, the length 10mm of gained staple fibre after cutting machine cuts off, and fiber number is 14d, intensity is 21g/d, modulus is 676g/d (58GPa), extension at break 4.2%, and the amount that contains surface conditioning agent certain herbaceous plants with big flowers alkyl phosphoric acid one ethanol ammonium is 8wt%.Evidence can improve cement and concrete performance thereof.
Embodiment 5
Other is with embodiment 1 or reference example, different is that surface conditioning agent is certain herbaceous plants with big flowers alkyl phosphoric acid one an ethanol ammonium, adopt blossom type abnormity spinneret orifice, molecular weight is 1,000,000 polyethylene resin powder: decahydronaphthalene is 40: 60 a mixing suspension, the length 8mm of gained staple fibre after cutting machine cuts off, and fiber number is 9d, intensity is 23g/d, modulus is 62GPa, extension at break 4%, and the amount that contains surface conditioning agent certain herbaceous plants with big flowers alkyl phosphoric acid one ethanol ammonium is 3wt%.Rupture strength improves 38%, and compression strength improves 8%, and impervious ability improves 68%; Impact resistance improves 27%.