CN1233594C - Profile coal reductant ceramic roasting method - Google Patents
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- CN1233594C CN1233594C CN 01131875 CN01131875A CN1233594C CN 1233594 C CN1233594 C CN 1233594C CN 01131875 CN01131875 CN 01131875 CN 01131875 A CN01131875 A CN 01131875A CN 1233594 C CN1233594 C CN 1233594C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for ceramic calcination through moulded coal and a reducing agent. The method is characterized in that the oxidation flame burning of moulded coal prepared through the addition of a combustion supporting binding agent and a combustion supporting agent is carried out in a presently used coal burning ceramic kiln; when the burning is in a high temperature period and a reduction period, a reducing agent is sprayed into the kiln and burns with burning high-temperature smoke gas in a mixed mode, and the temperature in the kiln is risen. The method has the advantages of realization of smoke removal, dust removal and sulfur solidification, improvement of the ceramic burning quality, burning time shortening, relief of the worker labor intensity, coal saving by 15%, sufficient coal resource utilization and remarkable economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal burning method, particularly a kind of moulded coal is in conjunction with reductant ceramic roasting method.
Technical background
China is to be the country of main energy sources with coal, and the ceramic industry kiln mainly is that the coal with cheapness acts as a fuel, and tunnel furnace and down-draft kiln are applied to ceramic industries such as electroceramics, chemical industry porcelain, household china as the major equipment of coal-fired ceramic kiln calcining porcelain.Because obnoxious flavoures such as flue dust that produces during coal burning and sulfurous gas cause atmospheric environmental pollution.Particularly the southern porcelain mud of China belongs to primary kaolin, and iron-holder is higher.During calcining, general base substrate at a lower temperature, before the glaze vitreous, makes Fe after entering high temperature about 940 ℃
2O
3Be reduced into ferric metasilicate ferrous and that generation has fluxing action in base substrate, form suitable liquid phase, impel mullite to generate and the crystalline linear growth, the physical strength of increase porcelain must adopt the reducing flame continuation to heat up and calcine.Mainly be frequent coal at present, make and form not cutoff in the kiln, the incomplete combustion mode of not giving up smoking, the chemical incomplete combustion product C O and the H of generation
2As reductive agent the intravital iron of base is played reductive action.And physics products of incomplete combustion black smoke and SO
2Gas is serious environment pollution more.The reducing flame atmosphere that this calcining manners produces is the unsettled curved shape of height, the black smoke of generation and SO
2The porcelain quality is produced detrimentally affect.
In order to improve burning of coal performance and environmental issue, all done a large amount of work both at home and abroad in recent years, declared many patents.The synthetic ammonia gasification " combustion-supporting coal-binder (ZL93107352.9) " of for example various ignition dopes, sulphur-fixing agent and the applicant's invention in 1993, it is a kind of binding agent of various fine coal being made moulded coal, mainly form by humate and wollastonite, according to the adhesive property of sulphur content in the coal and ature of coal itself, adjust the two ratio.General incorporation is 1-5%.
" combustion accelerator (ZL93107353.7) " is that a kind of transformation inferior coal has catalyticcombustion, reduce the clean product of coal of flue dust sulfurous gas and NO, mainly form, press sulphur content and burn-ability energy resize ratio in the coal by wollastonite, lithium minerals, oxymuriate, a small amount of salt.Incorporation is 1-4%.These two patents all can only be improved the burning of coal characteristic, are suitable for oxydizing flame incendiary boiler, and chemical fertilizer gas-making and other adopt in the oxydizing flame incendiary Industrial Stoves, and are unwell to " reducing flame " incendiary mode.
Because ceramic is in calcination process, has different firing atmospheres and different burn till special process requirement such as pressure in the different stages of burning till.The tail gas top temperature of hot stage flue gas reaches about 1000 ℃.Though adopt various dust removal installations can solve the part flue dust, increase cost.Wet dust collector causes the secondary pollution to water, and inapplicable to the particular requirement of firing process, and quality is burnt till in influence.Adopt liquid such as " heavy oil ", " oil liquefied gas ", " coal gas " or geseous fuel smoke elimination depositing dust, environmental protection to be had remarkable effect in application on ceramic kilns.General short-flame nozzle and the nonflame nozzle of adopting when temperature of combustion is unstable, occurs tempering easily and takes off fire under the effect of lighter for ignition.Fuel price is expensive, and the kiln volume reduces, and causes the ceramic industry cost to rise, and will carry out a large amount of invest in the transformation of real estates to original ceramic roasting equipment.Oils incendiary flare has erosion action to refractory brick, the SO that the sulphur class in the heavy oil produces in burning
2Cause topsoil, oils is easy to generate in reducing atmosphere analyses charcoal, and gas-fired mainly is that the radiation of generation gaseous state is main.Its heat-transfer intensity is not as good as the solid-state and gaseous state radiation of coal-fired flare.The petroleum resources reserves are limited, and ceramic industry is changed after oil and the liquefied gas by coal, increased on the market the anxiety of oil supply, and cost is higher.Do not meet the requirement that country gathers materials on the spot to ceramic industry and uses cheap fuel.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the problem that exists on the prior art, transformed existing coal firing tunnel kiln little, under the prerequisite of down-draft kiln, provide a kind of energy-conservation, eliminate smoke, solid sulphur, depositing dust, improve and burn till quality, alleviate the method for calcinating of teaser's labour intensity.
The technological method that the present invention takes is: in the existing coal-fired ceramic kiln that uses, the applicant is mixed in the fire coal in synthetic ammonia gasification " combustion-supporting coal-binder (ZL93107352.9) " and " combustion accelerator (ZL93107353.7) " of invention in 1993, make the briquet of smoke elimination, solid sulphur, in kiln, carry out the oxydizing flame burning.According to firing process, when the high temperature of 900 ℃ of left and right sides of temperature in the kiln, spray into mixed gas or semi-water gas in kiln, carbon monoxide in the coal gas and hydrogen make and form reducing atmosphere and pressure atmosphere in the kiln as the free oxygen mixed firing in reductive agent and combustiblematerials and the moulded coal incendiary oxydizing flame.High temperature in the kiln has played the ignition action to reductive agent carbon monoxide and hydrogen simultaneously.The content of oxygen in the flue gas that detection kiln afterbody is discharged, the straying quatity of adjustment mixed gas or semi-water gas reaches the quality of burning till of controlling the interior porcelain of kiln.When the cleaning slag.Or ature of coal difference flame more in short-term, can replenish in kiln and spray into mixed gas or semi-water gas, reaches the effect that keeps or improve kiln temperature.
The weight percent of smoke elimination of the present invention, depositing dust, the solid sulphur formed coal incorporation of combustion-supporting coal-binder and combustion accelerator in raw coal is 1-5%, makes all size size.Because moulded coal cold strength height, coal dust can not taken away by blowing when burning, plays the depositing dust effect, and according to combustioncharacteristics, the fugitive constituent of suitably the controlling coal speed of releasing is allowed to condition at fully burning in the burner hearth, reduce the black smoke emission concentration, flux has solid sulphur effect simultaneously, makes it SO
2Be fixed in the slag and form the silicon sulfate mineral and from slag, discharge.Slag is loose porous, helps prizing stove and cleaning slag.
Burn till stage characteristic according to difference, moulded coal can be made into ignited briquet, middle warm type ball, high temperature moulded coal, and moulded coal is good permeability in kiln, and sufficient combustion is in the oxydizing flame state of combustion, and excess oxygen content reaches about 8-16% in the flue gas.
Moulded coal is in the combustion chamber, and the well-ventilated helps forming the oxydizing flame burning.Carbon monoxide and hydrogen play ignition action to the high temperature that forms in the kiln to spraying into again.
What play reductive action among the present invention is mixed gas and carbon monoxide in the semi-water gas and the hydrogen of producing in the Gas-making Furnace.The weight percent 1-4% of the incorporation of combustion-supporting coal-binder in fire coal makes efficient gas-making type coal and produces mixed gas or semi-water gas, replaces lump coal.
The mixed gas weight percent is formed:
CO
2=5.5%, O＜0.1%, O
2=0.2%, CO=27.5%, H
2=13.5%, CH
4〉=0.5%, N
2About=52.6%, coal gas low heat value 〉=5200KJ/NM
3
The semi-water gas weight percent is formed:
H
2+ CO 〉=68%, O
2≤ 0.5%, CO
2≤ 8%, surplus is N
2, the coal gas low heat value is 11000KJ/NM
3
Carbon monoxide in mixed gas or the semi-water gas and hydrogen are again a kind of inflammable gass simultaneously, and it not only can impel base substrate at a lower temperature with Fe
2O
3Form ferric metasilicate ferrous and that formation has fluxing action, increase amount of liquid phase in the base, impel the formation of mullite lattice, improve the physical strength of ceramic and improve porcelain insulation intensity.It can also burn rapidly in high temperature with the superfluous free oxygen in the oxydizing flame, produces CO
2And H
2Three atoms such as O improve the gas radiation ability, make kiln temperature more even, and this reducing atmosphere is reliable and stable.Improve the physical strength and the porcelain insulation intensity of porcelain.
When kiln temperature reaches after 900 ℃, according to the firing process requirement, adopting in the middle part of the periphery of kiln or in the kiln has the flame nozzle to spray into mixed gas or semi-water gas.CO wherein and H
2Deng the burning of the excess oxygen in the high temperature oxidation flame of inflammable gas and briquet, generate CO
2And H
2O remains a spot of CO the interior gas oxygen content of kiln is reduced between 0.2% to 0.5%, reaches reducing atmosphere.Flare extends simultaneously, CO
2And H
2The increase of three nucleidic mass such as O has improved the gas radiation ability, combines with solid state radiation and gaseous state radiation in the moulded coal burning flare.
Detect oxygen level according to smoke stack emission tail gas, can suitably increase and decrease the mixed gas or the semi-water gas amount that in kiln, spray into.Reach the firing process requirement of required weak oxide flame, neutral flame, weak reducing flame, strong reducing flame, and make kiln temperature be tending towards uniform effect.
In the relatively poor and prepurging process of coal quantity, can suitably in kiln, spray into mixed gas or semi-water gas performance CO and H
2Flammable performance, reach the purpose that improves or keep kiln temperature.
In down-draft kiln general in kiln, add reductive agent adopt the long flame nozzle or than the long flame nozzle short slightly the flame nozzle arranged, in kiln, can not produce tempering and take off fiery phenomenon.
The general employing has the flame nozzle in tunnel kiln.
Moulded coal reductant ceramic roasting method of the present invention also is applicable in various coal firing boilers and uses, and can also replace liquefied gas and use in rib formula kiln.
Through looking into new only the discovery is coal-fired furnace, rusting kiln, coal gas kiln and the electric heating kiln of fuel in order to coal, oil or coal gas merely.Do not find to adopt the method for calcinating of moulded coal, so present method belongs to initiative in conjunction with reductive agent.
Moulded coal reductant ceramic roasting method of the present invention, make full use of the coal resources of abundant cheapness, artificially control the method for ceramic roasting temperature, atmosphere and pressure effectively, improved the rate of burning till of pottery, shorten firing time, alleviate labor strength, economizing on coal 15% has made full use of coal resource, has remarkable economical and social benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: at φ 6M and 96M
3Adopt reducing flame to fire high tension insulator in the down-draft kiln.
1,2% combustion-supporting coal-binder is mixed the moulded coal of making φ 30MM in the hard coal, as feed coal, production contains H in φ 1.2M mixed gas stove
2=13.5%, the mixed gas of CO=27.8% uses as reductive agent.
2, with 2.5% binding agent and combustion accelerator, mix in the bituminous coal that porcelain factory now uses, make ignited briquet, middle warm type coal, high temperature moulded coal and replace original raw coal scheme to calcine porcelain.
3, its effect is as follows:
| Scenario Name | Ature of coal thermal value (kilocalorie/kilogram) | Firing time (hour) | Coal consumption (ton) | Maximum sintering temperature (℃) | Reduction period chimney emission situation | Become porcelain rate (%) |
| The raw coal scheme | 5200 | 48.5 | 22 | 1260 | Dark smoke rolls | 90.2 |
| The present invention program | 5200 | 42 | 18 | 1260 | Pale blue | 98.6 |
Coal consumption of the present invention has comprised the coal consumption of making reductive agent.
Embodiment 2: in the tunnel furnace of long 53M, adopt the method for embodiment 1, warm type coal, high temperature moulded coal and reductive agent are fired ornamental brick in the making.
Moulded coal replaces original raw coal, respectively above-mentioned two kinds of moulded coals is dropped into the kiln internal combustion, and reductive agent in kiln and thermal zone spraying into, causes reducing atmosphere and raising kiln temperature respectively.Coal saving rate reaches 18%, and the speed of burning till improves 7%, and chimney is discharged the little cigarette of pale blue, improves the glaze color of porcelain, reaches energy-conserving and environment-protective, improves the porcelain quality.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of moulded coal is in conjunction with reductant ceramic roasting method, it is characterized in that, mix combustion-supporting coal-binder in the fire coal and combustion accelerator 1-5% makes moulded coal, in kiln, burn, when burning till when entering 900 ℃ of high temperature, in kiln, spray into mixed gas or semi-water gas, detect the content of oxygen in the flue gas that the kiln afterbody discharges simultaneously, adjust the straying quatity of mixed gas or semi-water gas; When clear hard slag, or ature of coal difference flame more in short-term, can replenish in kiln and spray into mixed gas or semi-water gas.
2. moulded coal according to claim 1 is characterized in that in conjunction with reductant ceramic roasting method, mixes combustion-supporting coal-binder 1-4% and make gas-making type coal in fire coal, produces described mixed gas or semi-water gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01131875 CN1233594C (en) | 2001-12-20 | 2001-12-20 | Profile coal reductant ceramic roasting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01131875 CN1233594C (en) | 2001-12-20 | 2001-12-20 | Profile coal reductant ceramic roasting method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1426980A CN1426980A (en) | 2003-07-02 |
| CN1233594C true CN1233594C (en) | 2005-12-28 |
Family
ID=4670939
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01131875 Expired - Fee Related CN1233594C (en) | 2001-12-20 | 2001-12-20 | Profile coal reductant ceramic roasting method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1233594C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100516648C (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2009-07-22 | 罗海甦 | Molded coal and gas mixed burning method |
| AU2010273362A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-12-01 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aluminium magnesium titanate composite ceramics |
| CN106197022A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-07 | 河南大学 | A kind of novel electrical integrated high-temperature service of bavin coal in order to firing ceramics |
| CN107246796A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-10-13 | 河南诺巴迪材料科技有限公司 | The electric kiln and pottery method for cooking sintered for pottery |
-
2001
- 2001-12-20 CN CN 01131875 patent/CN1233594C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1426980A (en) | 2003-07-02 |
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Granted publication date: 20051228 Termination date: 20121220 |