CN1233577A - Blade structure and apparatus using same - Google Patents
Blade structure and apparatus using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN1233577A CN1233577A CN 98112451 CN98112451A CN1233577A CN 1233577 A CN1233577 A CN 1233577A CN 98112451 CN98112451 CN 98112451 CN 98112451 A CN98112451 A CN 98112451A CN 1233577 A CN1233577 A CN 1233577A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a blade for conversion of wind energy, the transverse section of said blade is in the form of an inverted flat bottom pot, it includes middle portion, at the two ends of the middle portion there are extended front edge and extended tail edge respectively, the tail edge has a second folded edge. The application equipment includes several blades, the angle belween each blade and the direction of air flow lubricating layer so as to reduce the draw of blade in air flow. The invented equipment can utilize low speed air flow to produce energy.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of blade and application apparatus thereof that is used for the wind energy conversion.
In the prior art, the blade of all styles of and shape all is used to control wind energy.Shown in Figure 1A to Fig. 1 D in this Figure of description, the arrow among Fig. 1 C is represented the flow direction of wind, and these variform Blade Design are in order to cooperate wind direction, and wind direction has suitable angle of attack to blade and will cause blade to rise.When air flows through traditional wing, wind produces a negative pressure to the impact meeting of wing on wing, and then wing rises.Blade or screw propeller are also like this.As the application of blade, store and be used for generating as using windmill and air compressor that wind energy is converted to pressurized air, or the like.One of main design goal of these prior aries is to make blade obtain high rotational speed, so the configuration of blade is intended to make windstream to pass through equipment fast, and air flows is made every effort to not disturb in the shape of blade and position; And one of these existing in prior technology problems are when lasting high wind is blown over, equipment often is easy to out of control burning because of the rotation rapidly of blade, but wind or intermittent wind are out-of-date a little less than low speed, and equipment then can't produce lasting energy, therefore need to stablize wind speed and can produce enough energy.
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly utilize velocity air miscarriage to give birth to energy, increase hoisting force and continuing to avoid racing blade construction out of control and application apparatus thereof under the high wind, this blade applications device can make full use of windstream to produce more energy.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the shape of the present invention's blade is made up of centre portion, the extended leading-edge that is connected with the centre portion opposite end and extension trailing edge, its shape of cross section is for having the pan shape of convex surface and concave surface basically, leading edge is extended a flange portion by the about backward 90 ° of ground of trailing edge part towards the leading edge portion of recessed side in the face of the windstream installing.
Blade applications device of the present invention belongs to a kind of new wind energy converter and is used for stored energy, it comprises the blade of several said structures, each blade all has and produces the air lubrication layer reducing the effect of using the drawing that blade caused in air flows, the angular range of each blade and windstream through the angular separation of this device about 7 ° to 45 °.Described blade is to be configured to be radial with airflow direction, and is the direction of main shaft with this airflow direction.
Blade construction of the present invention is the shape of aerodynamic, can show better lifting characteristic, can produce the air lubrication layer to reduce the drawing that uses blade to be caused in air flows, increases raising force.The present invention's blade applications device and blade arrangement mode thereof can make and cause interaction between the adjacent blades, thereby can produce torque when low speed, extract energy in velocity air flows; This device can be collected windstream, rather than makes it to pass through fast, thereby can obtain more energy.The present invention's blade plan form, position and configuration mode thereof can prevent out of control rapidly, that is the effect of braking is arranged in fact.
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Figure 1A, Figure 1B, Fig. 1 C, Fig. 1 D are the section drawing of four kinds of blade constructions in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the present invention's blade construction;
Fig. 3 is the section 3-3 part amplification sectional view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the gain of performance figure of the present invention's blade;
Fig. 5 is the specimen figure of the present invention's blade;
Fig. 6 is the high pressure boundary graph on the paddle;
Fig. 7 is the vertical elevation view of fan regulating mechanism;
Fig. 7-1 cuts vertical elevation view open for the part of fan regulating mechanism;
Fig. 8 is the detailed structure view of Fig. 7-1;
Fig. 9 is the detailed structure view of the present invention's blade embodiment;
Figure 10 is fan regulating mechanism figure.
Figure 1A demonstrates the cross-sectional configurations that has the technology blade now to Fig. 1 D, and Figure 1A is to use a kind of light wood to make, and is the used shape of NACA, and the wing that can be used for the low-speed operations device is to provide hoisting force; Figure 1B is the blade of being made by plastic cement; Fig. 1 C is the blade shown in the applicant's the US Patent (application number is 4655122); Fig. 1 D is a kind of blade of patting in the wings.
The present invention's blade blade 10 as shown in Figures 2 and 3, it is a kind of wind energy conversion blade of aerodynamic shape, blade 10 in Fig. 3 comprises that (c=4.125 "); its shape such as same cross-sectional plane have the pan of convex-concave surface extends a flange (d=0.562 ") who bends towards leading edge from the concave region of trailing edge by edge before centre portion (b=11.5 ") and the centre portion two ends (a=4 ") and trailing edge.So-called leading edge " a " is meant in the face of edge beyond the airflow direction shown in the arrow A.Leading edge " a " is 130 ° with the angle e of centre portion " b ", and trailing edge " c " is 127 ° with the angle f of centre portion " b ", and trailing edge " c " is 90 ° with the angle g of flange " d ", and blade 10 can use aluminium No. 11.The benefit that blade produced as shown in Figure 4.
Wind at first can flow through on the leading edge " a ".Actual test, the blade of a windmill per hour need the speed of 7 miles can overcome inertia windmill are rotated in the time of 36 °.In case after windmill rotates, need to keep it and be rotated further with the wind speed of 3 miles per hour.When angle increased, boundary speed improved and faster rotational speed.For obtaining best low speed effect, then blade angle systems is unsuitable excessive.In theory, the shape of blade and position should make it traps air rather than air is freely passed through, and purpose is to produce two kinds of effects, and the firstth, cause the lifting of aerodynamic force, the secondth, adjacent blade helps the increase of hoisting force.Consider white the effort and quick moving air, this speed is different, but air is not along same straight line path, and perhaps the surface can be condensed and be attached to part.
Blade must be pushed to soon the speed of crossing it and oneself falling by windstream, just wider application can be arranged, blade plan form preferably just, and must from bar pressure, obtain raising force.
For blade with little camber, thin angle, comprise the wing of those kites, sailing boat, aerodone and the ultra-thin wing, the high speed wing etc., its in essence, windstream is identical through the distance of its upper surface and lower surface.Constantly downward bending seems to seem only to make windstream faster or slower, and any pressure differential mode that can cause gets final product.The windstream of below moved to the top also can.When the air under the object of smoking or promote to be picked up, basically,, just can pull back purpose that Here it is as long as the air layer of translational surface makes its fast air of crossing the surface.When blade slows down (the air acceleration/accel still remains unchanged), blade (angle of attack) is flowed through in vertical landing can be faster.Aerodynamic lifting is a ultimate aim, and it is wherein a kind of process of main two kinds of strength combinations.When the upper strata quickens to surpass the air that falls, the bottom surface pressurized, and force in air downwards and slip over its (forst law of motion).This can cause a gain amplifier.Because acted on itself by lift on the time difference inertia reinforcement.Most of aeroengine propulsive force can not make aircraft promote, but the generation of the hoisting force of aerodynamics will make engine strength see through another kind of media and make extra hoisting force amplification.
The flap of trailing edge is to make blade provide one to chase the air column of himself for a long time and continuously.The curvature (normally wavy) that increases the surface makes it can obtain bigger hoisting force away from the air column in quickening.Use the white principle of making great efforts, owing to curved surface can increase distance, and make the air flow rate difference of levels, the air that is accelerated? lower pressure is arranged, and this aerodynamic difference design can allow the various different devices beyond the wing.
Undoubtedly, ground effect can be used to replenish white deficiency of making great efforts principle.As if the inclination air column (complying with its own inertial) that quickens can be because of the guiding of its contiguous air its acceleration of slowing down.Under the normal circumstances, under airspace, this is normal unmodified, but when the equipment that rises is surperficial near other, especially during ground, can change air movement.If contiguous air almost can't be by drawing, it is slack-off near process that this produces more pressure differentials, please refer to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.Detail parameters among Fig. 5 is: 5A=1 "; 5B=2.875 "; 5C=1.031 "; 5D=0.256 " (LIP); 5E=1.500 (r); 5 θ=30 °.6A among Fig. 6 is the hot side interlayer.
In windmill, for example, adjacent vanes can strengthen raising force.This device can't quicken and extract constantly, because weaken raising force because the apparent wind that rotation causes changes, just as the approaching lift angle degree above freezing of projected angle of impact.In operation, this just represents that this device collects many strength as much as possible, even it is slack-off rather than accelerate, as prior art.For example, in the wind speed of 60 to 65 miles per hour, the maximum speed of minimum windmill approximately is that per minute 100 changes (rpm).As everyone knows, less blade has bigger speed, and uses the device than multiple-blade to have bigger torque and less speed.
Fig. 4 has reflected the specific corresponding relation that the hoisting force that device obtained (ordinate) of angle (abscissa) and blade composition is set of 3 kinds of relative windstreams of blade, has embodied the gain of performance of blade; A nethermost curve is the gain of performance of standard " NACA 12 " blade construction in the reflection prior art among the figure, above the #6 blade of two curves blade construction that is respectively the present invention and the gain of performance of #8 blade construction.The actual test data of Fig. 4 has more specifically showed the usefulness that the present invention increased.
The present invention's blade construction, its shape can produce required hoisting force for screw propeller, propelling unit or windmill flabellum.Blade can be by taper and by the shape of slow (speed range of windmill) has angle pan increase that shape improves to gratifying bending towards in the face of the nearer tip of tail end (moving comparatively fast) from the center.This aerodynamic shape can be at the bottom build-up pressure, and can not set up negative pressure up, but because the inference air controlled by the profile of blade.
In the prior art, general blade can be set at 15 ° to 26 ° angle of attack when beginning, exceed this angular range with regard to cisco unity malfunction.Blade construction of the present invention can start when lower, for example 7 ° to 45 °.In addition, in the prior art, if make diagram of curves according to raising force and angle of attack, this curve generally can fall down after having crossed 26 °.And blade of the present invention, then this curve is a level and smooth curve basically, through observing from 25 ° to 45 ° nearly 7.5% deviation.Angle of attack is shoaled, can make the action of blade more resemble the wing shape of normal aircraft.When angle was less than or equal to 32 °, more air was caught by the blade periphery; Hypsokinesis blade particularly, so it can provide bigger upwards thrust.30 ° to 45 ° steep angle, can be sure of that blade will can not show equally with the aircraft blade, the negative pressure above wing can diminish because strength is divided to fall.Fin is just lifted by air.
In the reality test, per hour be under 25 miles and six the different angle of attack (, increasing progressively) at wind speed every 5 ° by 15 ° to 40 °, the raising force that blade of the present invention produces is higher by 78% than " NACA 12 " blade.And use blade of the present invention when 34 ° of angle of attack, can reach maximum raising force, this raising force greater than " NACA 12 " blade in 28 ° of maximum raising forces that produced of angle of attack.
Below the present invention's the blade and the running of application apparatus thereof are made an explanation.To call the blade that is used for mobile air in the following text is fan; Be used for moving any Live Animals that links to each other with this blade, claim that this blade is a propelling unit; The blade that uses air or wind to promote is called windmill.
One of purposes of the present invention's blade is a windmill.The present invention's blade plan form has better performance than other blade, and it is the blade of a high raising force of low speed, and its unique distinction is that it is the device of two sections risings.Traditional blade is to use white effort effect to reach rising as " NACA 12 ".
Bar pressure applies equal power in an actionless object, and flow air flows through an object can make the bar pressure on the object alleviate.Faster at the wind speed on the fin than the wind speed under the fin, so the pressure that utilizes the fin below to be higher than the fin top makes fin rise.
When same fin near ground the time, can produce a kind of so-called ground effect.It is a two stage rise effect.Air above fin is accelerated, and makes bar pressure reduce.But below fin, air on the horizon is sandwiched between fin and ground, and this can cause bar pressure to be higher than actionless object, therefore can increase raising force.This is the bird principle that can skim over the water surface like a dream just.Awing, the air on fin is accelerated, so the pressure relief on the fin, and the situation of fin below is then a bit complicated.Referring to Fig. 6.
The air impact of the present invention's blade below the edge of trailing edge, causes the place of wing chord length 3/4ths to produce a pressurized boundary 1ayer.This boundary 1ayer extends to the top of trailing edge, is the speed decision of being crossed air by vanes as the top, edge of trailing edge among the figure.Slower speed needs long top and fast speeds to need short top.The speed of air is being oppressed boundary 1ayer, and the air of the fin below of then will flowing through is to pusher.This boundary 1ayer that is pressed pushes away the flap surface below with air on the horizon, and is pushed into the top of trailing edge, so the top of trailing edge can not become the factor of a drawing, therefore can not increase drawing.In fact, drag and draw and can reduce, and because this boundary 1ayer that is pressed is higher than bar pressure, so this raising force can be than the high twice of " NACA 12 " blade.
Angle of attack is critical for windmill, because air vane produces maximum torque and the strongest wind-force when angle of attack is 50 °, makes blade reach maximum speed of revolution.Then, it is very low that the efficient of blade can become, and the boundary 1ayer that is pressed is depressed into and is lower than the trailing edge edge, makes rotation slack-off, in case the brake cisco unity malfunction of windmill can cause windmill stall and damages.Windmill of the present invention does not need brake, and compares safety.
With regard to the noise aspect, windmill of the present invention is slow owing to speed, thus very quiet, can not hear the top noise on the ground.Windmill of the present invention can produce the above torque of traditional windmill twice, that is to say that this windmill diameter is done lessly, and still can produce cooresponding energy.
Referring to Fig. 7 to Fig. 9, fan fan sheet of the present invention is similar with air vane in shape, but is using then difference fully.Except the length at trailing edge edge was less, all sizes were all identical.When fan rotated, the fan sector-meeting captured the edge with air and adds the flow of high wind.It is so unimportant that angle of attack becomes.Angle of attack is from 15 ° to 20 °, show identical, but the rotating speed difference, the rotating speed during 15 ° of revolution ratios in the time of 20 ° is slow.That is to say that the traditional fan of the speed ratio of fan of the present invention is slow, but produce more energy and less noise.The propulsive force that fan of the present invention produces surpasses all existing fans.A lot of existing fans are placed into the Zhong Zui with exterior shutter, and when power initiation, fan rotates and produce a pressure between fan and blinds blade; This Zhong Zui just is intended for the space of the air of pressurized; When pressure was set up, the blinds blade can be opened to get rid of pressure, closed but gravity can order about them, and this balance can reach when the pressure that produces when fan is opened this blade; This is not a standard-sized sheet, and fan is under pressure and makes its not only mobile air, and exerts pressure and make pressure and open louver so that can allow air move.In the present invention, fans drive fan case, and this fan is not to be used to fully open louver normally, the clock mouth can not limit the fan edge and do not suck, and fan flow is considerably increased; Nobody because being provided with one, fan case links door bolt, so when power-off, can open louver so that enter building with hand.Fig. 7-1 has shown a fan and control apparatus.
In Fig. 7 and Fig. 7-1: 7A=21.75 "; 7B is a bracing frame; 7C is a guide rail; 7D is a motor; 7F is a regulator bracket; 7G is a flabellum; 7H=28 "; 7I=31 "; 7J=1.75 "; 7K is for drawing high post; 7L is a horizontal arm; 7M is rotating shaft; 7P is a motor shaft.In Fig. 8: 8A=4.092 "; 8B=0.437 "; 8C=0.81 "; 8D=0.196 "; 8E=5.37 "; 8F=0.25R; 8G=10 °; 8H=1.625 "; 8I=0.312 "; 8J=0.625 "; 8K=0.375 "; 8L=0.377 " DIA.HOLFS; 8M=0.100 "; 8N=2.53 ".In Fig. 9: 9A=4.676 "; 9B=0.235 "; 9C=TAN 0.727; 9D=31 °; 9E=1.031 "; 9F=2.862 "; 9G=0.300 "; 9H=0.19 "; 9I=20 °; 9J=TAN 0.413; 9K=1.000 " (R).In Figure 10,10A is the door roller and the guide rail of heavy duty, and 10B is a regulating control, and 10C is a blade.
In addition, make angle become shallow more if in test, observe, then the behavior of the present invention's blade just more as blade.A bigger pressure is arranged under fin, and cause rising.When angle arrived about 32 °, more air was captured; Particularly, because recurved flange and the bigger power of boosting.General run of thins, fin can be at 30 °, and herein, raising force can continue even to 45 °.In theory, produce a parked thin layer, it is lubricated that this thin layer can provide, and therefore can reduce drawing.For this reason, 80 ° of the vast windstreams of its downwards, and do not resemble traditional blades skew less air stream, and also deviation angle has only 15 °.Therefore, it has increased raising force.This raising force is more than the twice of NACA shape.
When Blade Design, the distance of crossing concave region is " wing chord ", so the air stroke of the air stroke ratio concave region in convex surface zone is far away.
Basically, fin is a shape that can produce raising force, and it can be propelling unit or screw propeller.
Propelling unit of the present invention can use two, three or four blades and can not influence its performance.The specification of blade has the change of two places, and the propeller shape of two 30 ° of ends is wherein arranged, and radius is big not as fan.And because the rotating speed increase, so the top of trailing edge is very low.An angle of rake key factor is the top noise, and the head velocity of traditional propeller surpasses velocity of sound sometimes, produces noise.In the reality test, of the present invention 60 " two leaf propelling units with air ship 60 " Sensenich wood propelling unit is compared, Sensenich wood propelling unit has produced 200 pounds propulsive force when 1960rpm, and noise is very big, and of the present invention 60 " two leaf propelling units produce 200 pounds propulsive force when 1000rpm, two propelling units produce same strength.Therefore, propelling unit of the present invention is peace and quiet and safety more, weares and teares lessly can't tear equipment.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of blade that is used for the wind energy conversion, the shape that it is characterized in that this blade is made up of centre portion, the extended leading-edge that is connected with the centre portion opposite end and extension trailing edge, its shape of cross section is for having the pan shape of convex surface and concave surface basically, leading edge is extended a flange portion by the about backward 90 ° of ground of trailing edge part towards the leading edge portion of recessed side in the face of the windstream installing.
2, a kind of described device that blade constituted of several claims 1 that utilizes is characterized in that the angular range of each blade in this device and windstream through the angular separation of this device about 7 ° to 45 °.
3, device according to claim 2 is characterized in that described blade is to be configured to be radial with airflow direction, and is the direction of main shaft with this airflow direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98112451 CN1233577A (en) | 1998-04-28 | 1998-04-28 | Blade structure and apparatus using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98112451 CN1233577A (en) | 1998-04-28 | 1998-04-28 | Blade structure and apparatus using same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1233577A true CN1233577A (en) | 1999-11-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98112451 Pending CN1233577A (en) | 1998-04-28 | 1998-04-28 | Blade structure and apparatus using same |
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| CN (1) | CN1233577A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112977815A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-06-18 | 北京三快在线科技有限公司 | Rotor craft, blade of rotor craft and wing section of blade |
| CN115982892A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-04-18 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Blade design method, blade and related equipment |
-
1998
- 1998-04-28 CN CN 98112451 patent/CN1233577A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112977815A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-06-18 | 北京三快在线科技有限公司 | Rotor craft, blade of rotor craft and wing section of blade |
| CN115982892A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-04-18 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Blade design method, blade and related equipment |
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