All colour organic luminous diode and manufacture method thereof
The present invention relates to a kind of device that is used to control light intensity, color, phase place, polarization or direction, the optical manipulation of this device is by the optical property technology that revise and that be used for aforesaid operations of the medium that changes device, particularly relates to a kind of all colour organic luminous diode and manufacture method thereof.
Organic Light Emitting Diode (ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE) is called for short OLED, and this is also claimed organic EL or OLE or organic electroluminescent, and also the someone is called organic electric-excitation luminescent etc.
Organic EL is a kind of light-emitting component of DC driven, its basic structure is formed by inserting and putting a luminescent layer in two electrodes, when element adds bias voltage, electricity hole and electronics are launched from positive and negative electrode respectively, cross behind other energy level at luminescent layer and meet and form exciton (EXCITON), exciton is failed back ground state and is emitted light by excited state in the mode of radiation.Photochromic and the employed luminous element that this class component sent is relevant, and when the energy level (energy gap) of luminous element was big, made element sent blue light or ultraviolet light; Otherwise if the energy level of luminous element is lower, then element will send ruddiness.Because light-emitting component must send light, so have at least a side electrode need use transparency electrode such as ITO material etc.
Organic EL has low energy consumption, luminous voluntarily each coloured light that sends, and brightness can reach 6000cd/m
2More than reaching visual angle wide (reaching 160 °), reaction speed fast (microsecond us), is more than 100 times of liquid crystal, and fabrication schedule comes easily than LCD, and its element gross thickness has only about 2mm; And having not long problem of life-span in early days, technology can overcome now, and is 20,000 hours, is worth so have commercialized development, therefore is called to strive product all over the world with liquid crystal technology one.
Full-colorization is the dream of organic EL industry, and hope can be contributed the mankind early, and it will have more the product of commodity competitiveness than LCD, can be luminous voluntarily, must backlight, i.e. and power saving is thin again, and fabrication schedule is simple.
The technology of all colour organic luminous diode (OLED) has following three kinds at present:
1,, makes organic EL generation white light and add filter layer, so that produce R, G, B three colors in its surface based on white OLED.
2, based on the blue light Organic Light Emitting Diode, add a wavelength conversion layer in its surface, making wherein, a blue light is transformed into ruddiness, another look is that blue light is transformed into green glow, final R, G, B three colors of forming, described in No. the 5294870th, Kodak's United States Patent (USP), the utilization of this kind method just.
3, so that coloured light respectively to be arranged, directly the Organic Light Emitting Diode with R, G, B three colors forms the device of full-colorization, as Taiwan patent announcement the 318966th and No. 294,842 two cases, promptly adopts this structure.This kind structure theoretically speaking is optimal method, but with present Organic Light Emitting Diode except blue light is preferable, redness and green wavelength still can't be accomplished pure green or pure red at present; And organic EL of all kinds will be made together, its fabrication schedule complexity is the structure appearance that the basis forms R, G, B three colors so just there be aforementioned second with the blue light.
Above-mentioned first method adds filter layer in the surface can make luminosity reduce, so luminous efficiency is relatively poor;
And second method is to utilize blue-light excited redness or green fluorescent material.At first will produce and mix photochromic as blue color such as red, bluish-green, and still need add the last layer filter layer at last, so that with the blue light filtering; But this measure also can make luminosity reduce and cost improves, and causes shortcomings such as fabrication schedule complexity;
Then there is the fabrication schedule complexity in the third method, cost height, shortcomings such as brightness disproportionation of all kinds.
Main purpose of the present invention, be to provide a kind of all colour organic luminous diode and manufacture method thereof, so that its employed technology and method and aforementioned three are different, mainly be based on black light, Organic Light Emitting Diode manufactured send black light, its wavelength is about between 380-400nm, and be coated with last layer fluorescent layer (wavelength conversion layer) in its surface, utilize ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UVOEL) to produce ultraviolet light, and directly excite at its surperficial fluorescent layer, make it send fluorescent; So, which look fluorescent layer (as redness) just to excite that (redness) of the same colour spectrum, just excite R, G, B three coloured light with R, G, B three look fluorescent layers with.
In addition, all colour organic luminous diode of the present invention, mainly be that wavelength is about about 380-400nm based on the black light Organic Light Emitting Diode, and apply one deck fluorescent layer (wavelength conversion layer) at its element surface, directly with the ultraviolet excitation fluorescent layer, make it produce each coloured light,, then produce blue light with the blue-fluorescence body as then producing red light with red phosphor body, mix with red, blue, green three color phosphor bodies, then produce the white spectrum that three look wavelength mix.
When manufacturing was of the present invention, each luminous point of substrate all was with a kind of UV-light luminous material, and its advantage is that fabrication schedule is simple, the brightness homogeneous, and the yield height, driving voltage is identical and control is easy; As long as and R, G, B tri-color phosphor are imprinted on glass substrate.In addition, the present invention can divide leading portion fabrication schedule (the organic E.L of ultraviolet light) and back segment fabrication schedule (fluorescent layer), and both structures are assembled together after can making respectively and finishing again, more must not add filter layer.And with the mode of near ultraviolet excitation fluorescent layer, its advantage is for being difficult for aging decay, and its life-span more was more than 20,000 hours.
The technology contents of all colour organic luminous diode of the present invention is as described below:
A kind of all colour organic luminous diode, it is to make the ultraviolet light Organic Light Emitting Diode with the luminous organic material that can launch ultraviolet light, based on this ultraviolet light Organic Light Emitting Diode, and be provided with one deck fluorescent layer in the ultraviolet light emission face, utilize its surperficial fluorescent layer of ultraviolet excitation, and produce versicolor visible light; In addition, again the ultraviolet light Organic Light Emitting Diode is made most luminous points of array-like, and on the surface of each luminous point, be respectively equipped with one deck redness, green, and the fluorescent layer of blue three kinds of colors, utilize ultraviolet excitation fluorescent layer of all kinds to produce red, green, blue light and form all colour organic luminous diode array.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, can also further realize by following technical measures:
It is below the 400nm that above-mentioned ultraviolet light Organic Light Emitting Diode produces ultraviolet wavelength.Add last layer around the fluorescent layer point of all kinds to strengthen the black ink frame of color and brightness contrast.Above-mentioned light-emitting area outermost layer glass, can block the following ultraviolet wavelength of 400nm, excite this fluorescent tube to avoid extraneous ultraviolet light to enter, the outermost layer glass or the transparent material of this light-emitting area, can isolate the following ultraviolet light of 400nm, tap into into the watch crystal layer with the ultraviolet light direct of avoiding the external world, and then excite this fluorescent layer to send fluorescent.Above-mentioned fluorescent layer be coated on the transparency carrier face after, glued together sealing with a watch crystal again, with as protective layer; this fluorescent layer and black ink frame; can be printed on earlier on the watch crystal substrate, again with the ultraviolet light organic light-emitting diode element, correct contraposition sealing gummed.
For achieving the above object, the technology contents of the manufacture method of ultraviolet light Organic Light Emitting Diode of the present invention is as described below:
The manufacture method of all colour organic luminous diode of the present invention; be on the transparency carrier face of making complete ultraviolet light organic light-emitting diode element; directly apply one deck redness, green, blue-fluorescence layer; coat protective layer afterwards again; and utilize ultraviolet light-emitting diodes to produce ultraviolet light; excite the fluorescent layer on the transparency carrier, make it produce redness, green, reach blue light.
The detailed construction of all colour organic luminous diode of the present invention and manufacture method thereof and feature thereof, details are as follows to lift a preferred embodiment and conjunction with figs. now:
Fig. 1 is the molecular structural formula schematic diagram of ultraviolet light luminous organic material PTOPT and PBD.
Fig. 2 is a ultraviolet light organic LED structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the luminous light wave spectrogram of ultraviolet light Organic Light Emitting Diode.
Fig. 4 changes the basic structure schematic diagram of visible light into the ultraviolet light Organic Light Emitting Diode for the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of all colour organic luminous diode of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the birds-eye perspective of all colour organic luminous diode of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the cross section structural representation of all colour organic luminous diode of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the rip cutting convex configuration schematic diagram of all colour organic luminous diode of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an all colour organic luminous diode structural upright profile of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the cross section structural representation of all colour organic luminous diode second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the vertical section structural representation of all colour organic luminous diode second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the structural representation of all colour organic luminous diode second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the structural representation (a) of all colour organic luminous diode the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the structural representation (b) of all colour organic luminous diode the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the structural representation (c) of all colour organic luminous diode the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Ultraviolet light Organic Light Emitting Diode (ULTRAVIOLE ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE) is called for short UVO or UVOLED; The organic EL of ultraviolet light is developed, its primary structure as shown in Figure 2, its structure is to come as electron supplying layer with PBD32, forms luminescent layer 31 and mix with PTOPT and PBO; Its fabrication schedule is made luminescent layer 31 again after making electrically conducting transparent thin electrodes 2 prior to glass substrate, do electron supplying layer 32 afterwards again, does metal electrode 4 at last.When transparency electrode 2 and metal electrode 4 added a direct current voltage, will produce wavelength was the 394mm ultraviolet light, as shown in Figure 3.Therefore, as long as change the Organic Light Emitting Diode that the constituent of luminous organic material can form the black light wavelength of 380-400nm.
Fluorescent material adopts inorganic fluorescent material such as ZnS etc., and organic fluorescent material, present embodiment is to adopt inorganic fluorescent material, will select for use because of inorganic fluorescent material to be excited by 380-400nm and can launch visible light as easily seeking and stability is higher light such as red, blue, green; Inorganic fluorescent material also has multiple, can select Ba for use as the blue-fluorescence thing, Mg, Eu) Al
14O
19, wavelength is 454nm; The green fluorescent thing can be selected SrAl for use
2O
4Eu, Mg or MgAl
11O
19(Ce, Tb) wavelength is 525nm; Red fluorescent thing can be selected (Y for use
2O
2S:Eu), wavelength is 630nm; Wherein more stable with oxide, at the near ultraviolet excitation of 380-400nm, its life-span can reach more than 50,000 hours.Other has sulfide and these two kinds of fluorescent materials of chloride to be afraid of tide, as long as there is good protection against the tide to handle, the life-span also can reach tens thousand of hours.
Consult Fig. 4, adding a direct current voltage in metal electrode 4 and 2 of transparency electrodes can produce ultraviolet light and penetrate transparency electrode 2 and protective layer 5, directly excite fluorescent layer 6, make fluorescent layer 6 absorb shorter violet wavelengths and launch visible wavelength through the conversion of material energy level in protective layer the inside; If fluorescent layer adopts red illuminating material then can send red light, adopt the green light phosphor body then to produce green glow, the direction of arrow is represented the light transmit direction in the diagram.
Among Fig. 5, be that organic luminorphor 3 and metal electrode 4 and transparency electrode 2 and fluorescent layer 6 cuttings are separately formed three independent luminous points, wherein fluorescent layer 6 is selected red 6R, blue 6B, three kinds of not homochromy fluorescent layers of green 6G respectively for use, make three ultraviolet light-emitting diodes excite the phosphor body of different colours, red to produce, blue, green three kinds of colors.
Fabrication schedule shown in Figure 5 is earlier glass substrate 10 to be coated with seal black surround 7 and red, blue, green three look fluorescent layers 6, then available guiding principle India side formula when this part is big as if luminous point; If luminous point hour, then must adopt the light shield operation to handle, the practice of this part technology and present liquid crystal color filter is somewhat similar.After finishing R, G, B three color fluorescent layers; must coat layer of transparent protective layer 5 again with protection fluorescent layer 6; plate an ito transparent electrode 2 afterwards again; and utilize etching technique that the transparent electrode pattern of not wanting is removed; plate metal electrode 4 again after plating ultraviolet light organic luminous layer 3 afterwards; and utilize etching technique; organic luminorphor and the metal electrode do not wanted are removed; add at last, lower- glass 10,11 encapsulated mouldings, promptly form all colour organic luminous diode with R, G, B three colors.
See also Fig. 6 to Fig. 8; in the present embodiment; organic luminous layer 3 adopts plane formula; some is different with the dot matrix type of Fig. 5; it is similarly to add the organic luminorphor of a voltage at this electrode zone between metal electrode 4 and transparency electrode 2; can produce ultraviolet source, and see through transparency electrode 2 and protective layer 5 and excite fluorescent layer 6, to produce R, G, B three-color light source.If this structure is expanded into many points, then can form the display screen of full color.
Consult Fig. 9; the luminous direction of the direction of arrow representative among the figure; its fabrication schedule is; fluorescent layer 6 and black ink frame 7 on glass baseplate 10 surface-coated; this black ink frame 7 mainly is for strengthening black and white contrast; and add plate ito transparent electrode 2 and etched electrodes pattern behind the protective layer 5 again after, be coated with again and be covered with ultraviolet light organic luminous layer 3, use lower-glass 11 encapsulated mouldings again behind metallizing electrode 4 and the etched electrodes pattern more at last.
Figure 10 and Figure 11 are second embodiment of all colour organic luminous diode of the present invention, wherein organic luminous layer 3 adopts the dot matrix mode, the one plane type organic luminous layer that this kind mode and Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are adopted is different, the luminosity of dot matrix can be brighter slightly than plane formula luminosity, but fabrication schedule is complicated, and its fabrication schedule has had illustrated in Fig. 5.
Dot matrix row shape is made in organic EL luminous zone, make each single-point luminous individually, as Figure 10,11, shown in 12 luminescent layers 3, this kind structural design will more planar organic EL brightness bright, because of the luminous zone of organic EL all at boundary layer, also will be after generally producing light through which floor organic EL Material from boundary layer, light is shot out, and this kind organic material is with the light of absorption portion, and make brightness become darker, other method of the present invention, be that the dot matrix shape is made in organic EL luminous zone, luminous by single point, under same unit are (the electrode area size is the same), the luminous bright spot of the organic EL of single-point is also brighter than the brightness of planar organic EL with regard to luminous efficiency, and the present invention can widen metal electrode to strengthen the reflection of light effect, and add one in (or single-point around) between single-point and the single-point and have light reflection and insulating barrier 8 (as shown in figure 12), then the brightness meeting promotes more, and this kind way is initiative in organic EL method.
Wherein, the insulation reflector can be whitewash or other can reflect black light wavelength material, and the material that has insulation effect again is all available; Dielectric isolation layer also can be adopted in the insulation reflector, purpose is avoided light diffusion and overlapping at the light source of isolating points and point, no matter adopt dielectric isolation layer or insulation reflector, its fabrication schedule is the same, be the selection difference of material, materials such as the optional black ink of dielectric isolation layer material.
All colour organic luminous diode the 3rd embodiment of the present invention adopts to make the ultraviolet light of finishing utmost point light-emitting diode is arranged, as Figure 13, (structure a) for third embodiment of the invention, pattern with fluorescent layer 6 is printed on the watch crystal 12 earlier, is glued on the prior completed ultraviolet light organic EL with sealing more afterwards.Fabrication schedule is simple like this, can divide the leading portion fabrication schedule, be about to glass and fluorescent layer and combine, and back segment is the fabrication schedule of ultraviolet light Organic Light Emitting Diode, and is last, as long as both are combined.This kind method is convenient during fabrication, because of the manufacturing of the investment goods of leading portion and back segment and thin layer somewhat different, so earlier separately after the manufacturing again combination finish.
Figure 14 is all colour organic luminous diode the 3rd embodiment of the present invention (shown in the structure b); on glass 10 surfaces of ultraviolet light-emitting diodes; coat protective layer 5 again after printing fluorescent layer 6; like this; come the excitating surface fluorescent substance with the ultraviolet light organic light-emitting diode element, make it produce the structure of R, G, three kinds of colors of B.
Figure 15 is the third structure (structure c) of all colour organic luminous diode the 3rd embodiment of the present invention; be on the glass surface of finishing the ultraviolet light organic light-emitting diode element; add a watch crystal 12 again after printing fluorescent layer 6 and black ink 7, gummed is as protective layer.
As Figure 13,14 and 15, be all colour organic luminous diode the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, three kinds of structures wherein all are to have made the ultraviolet light-emitting diodes device of finishing, produce ultraviolet light, in the relative position of its surface light emitting fluorescent layer is set again afterwards, make the ultraviolet luminous energy that produces light directly excite fluorescent layer, and produce the device of full colors such as R, G, B.
The coating method of fluorescent layer has a lot, can adopt guiding principle India side formula as Figure 13,14 and 15 structure in present embodiment three, and general computer monitor (PDP) or CRT also adopt this kind mode.At present the formed point-to-point distance of utilization guiding principle seal technology can reach the quality of 0.22mm (general computer monitor point is apart from being about 0.27mm, the point distance of high-res display is 0.25mm), because the equipment investment of guiding principle India side formula is few, and can produce fast, so be applied on the OLED display with this kind technology, then save cost more.
In addition, may contain the following ultraviolet light of 400nm, might directly enter surface transparent material of the present invention or clear glass by indoor ultraviolet light, and then excite fluorescent layer to produce fluorescent in general indoor or outdoors illumination light.Take place for fear of this kind situation, clear glass wherein then adopts and can intercept the following material of 400nm wavelength, or the processing of plating film, to prevent the influence of ultraviolet light.
Recently, the emerging company of Japanese light (IDEMITSUKOSAN) adopts No. 5294870 patented technology of Kodak, develops full color display, its thickness has only 2mm, cause common people's attention, but its blemish in an otherwise perfect thing is luminance shortage, because of wherein adding the influence of filter layer.
And the difference of No. 5294870 patent of the present invention and the above-mentioned U.S. is:
1, the light source difference of Shi Yonging, the present invention uses the ultraviolet light Organic Light Emitting Diode, and above-mentioned United States Patent (USP) case is used the blue light Organic Light Emitting Diode.
2, aspect fluorescent layer, the different fluorescent layers of ultraviolet excitation of the present invention produce red, green, blue three colors; Above-mentioned United States Patent (USP) case then must need add the last layer filter layer with the blue light filtering, to obtain red light and green light aspect red and green.
3, the present invention fluorescent layer add a black ink frame between points to strengthen photochromic contrast, above-mentioned United States Patent (USP) case does not then have this device.
4, fluorescent layer of the present invention can be arranged at the glass outer surface of ultraviolet light organic light-emitting diode element, and afterwards again with the sealing protection, and the structure of other all colour organic luminous diode does not then have this design.
5, the present invention can prevent that the following ultraviolet light of 400nm from entering light-emitting area, and avoid the existing product of ambient light source excitation fluorescent layer then do not have this type of design at the outermost clear glass of light-emitting area.
In sum, all colour organic luminous diode of the present invention and manufacture method thereof are to utilize the luminous organic material that can send ultraviolet light to be the basis, manufacture ultraviolet light-emitting diodes; Add the last layer fluorescent layer afterwards again in its surface and make it can be with the ultraviolet excitation fluorescent layer, and then the innovative design that produces R, G, B three colors.This kind mode will be that its fabrication schedule is the simplest in all colour organic luminous diode manufacture methods, and need not add filter, be best structure, and real is a big invention of display circle!
Above-mentioned detailed description is specifying of a relevant possible embodiments of the present invention, does not allly break away from the equivalence that spirit of the present invention does and implements or change, all should belong to technology contents scope of the present invention.