CN1225080A - Method of stabilizing sintered foam and of producing open-cell sintered foam parts - Google Patents
Method of stabilizing sintered foam and of producing open-cell sintered foam parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN1225080A CN1225080A CN 97196400 CN97196400A CN1225080A CN 1225080 A CN1225080 A CN 1225080A CN 97196400 CN97196400 CN 97196400 CN 97196400 A CN97196400 A CN 97196400A CN 1225080 A CN1225080 A CN 1225080A
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- powder slurry
- skeleton
- initial powder
- inorganic
- foam
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 111
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GCNLQHANGFOQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C+4].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] Chemical compound [C+4].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] GCNLQHANGFOQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009747 press moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HTBWJHTZZNLOKE-KVVVOXFISA-M (Z)-octadec-9-enoate tetramethylazanium Chemical group C[N+](C)(C)C.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O HTBWJHTZZNLOKE-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005789 ACRONAL® acrylic binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000502 Li-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000091 aluminium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011430 maximum method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
In the method of stabilizing sintered foam which includes following components: a. an inorganic sintered material, b. a foam gas source, c. a framework formation of forming framework when PH value of sintered foam is changed, d. PH control material, e. liquid, f. if required, one or several following materials: dispersing agent, binding agent, viscosity modifier, framework formation of forming framework caused or accelerated by changed PH value of sintered foam.
Description
The stabilization of the initial powder pulp material (Slip materials) that the present invention relates to foam.In addition, the present invention relates to prepare the method for inorganic sintered expanded articles.
The perforate inorganic foamed plastic body is known.The very high cost that the whole bag of tricks of preparation inorganic foamed plastic body also exists unsurmountable shortcoming and therefore has up to now, so that only use under special circumstances.Maximum method of patent protection comprises that the powder pulp material that will contain inorganic particulate infiltrates in the open celled polymeric foam body.The careful dry foam of polymers that is permeated is generally polyurethane foam, slowly adds the heat extraction organic component by controlled, and the reverse side (negative) that contains inorganic powder is sintered.The reason of this goods complexity that Here it is, costliness.The drying of the vesicular structure of powder filler pulp material and the pyrolysis of organic component remove that the two is all very time-consuming.In addition, because drying and pyrolysis thickness very slow so raw material are limited in several centimetres.The report of the production of these foams sees, for example, and DE-A 39 34 496 or EP-A 157 974.EP-A 440 322 reported by the permeating method that is equipped with cylinder prepare the perforate ceramic foam and the compression by the complex technology of osmopolymer foams.
Know that inorganic foamed plastic body is because its high temperature resistant and anti-various media and known being widely used.DE-A 37 32 654, and US-A 5 336 656, and 5 256 387,5 242 882 and 5,217 939 have reported the carrier of ceramic foam as catalyzer, as, be used for flue gas treatment.Because cancellated random alignment, ceramic foam shows particularly advantageous low pressure drop and than extruding the better mass transfer of honeycomb, and owing to extruding technology, extruding honeycomb does not have reticulated structure on flow direction.This volume that is specially adapted to the hole is greater than 50%, and 70% and the reticulated structure thickness that are preferably greater than the support of the catalyst cumulative volume are less than 1mm.Low pressure drop is (DE-A 35 10 170) in the application of the carrier of stack gas cleaning, in auto-exhaust catalyst (DE-A 37 31 888) or in the diesel engine vent gas strainer application particularly important of (EP-A 312 501).Ceramic foam also is usually used in purifying the strainer of awfully hot melt, as metal melt (US-A 4 697 632) or as the strainer (EP-A 412 931) that filters hot gas.
All these are used the infiltration of all using by open celled polymeric foam and make open-celled foams.Desired inorganic materials is extensively same with application.For the foams of low-thermal-expansion, desired material is lithium aluminosilicate or trichroite.These type of foams have the performance of extra high anti-fierce temperature variation, and this is necessary to auto-exhaust catalyst (JP-A 6 1,295 283).On the other hand, for the fondant filter of metal, be important to the inertia of metal melt.Used herein is by Alpha-alumina, silicon carbide, SiO
2Or especially their mixture (EP-A-412673) is made.Sic foam is particularly suitable for filtering fusant or ferrous alloy melt (WO88/07403).Silicon nitride also is in the news and makes ceramic open celled foam and be used for filtering (DE-A 38 35807).EP-A 445 067 report Y
2O
3Stable Zirconium oxide or ZrO
2/ Al
2O
3Hybrid ceramic is as the strainer of molten metal.
Except with inorganic powder slurry osmopolymer foams, dry then, outside corrode binding material and the sintering, also have other method to prepare inorganic foamed:
A kind of method of WO 95/11752 report, promptly metal is deposited on the open celled polymeric foam by chemical process, obtains open cell metallic foam after drying and the pyrolysis, and this foam is transformed into ceramic foam through oxygenizement.Here dry and pyrolysis also is very complicated.Desired method will be avoided drying and pyrolysis in EP-A 261 070, and wherein the preparation of ceramic foam starts from metal foam, preferred aluminum foam, and oxidation forms metal oxide then.The unfavorable aspect of this method is that metal foam must be with preparing in advance someway.(Fraunhofer-Institutfur Angewandte Materialforschung is Bremen) from being mixed with the aluminium powder of titanium hydride powders to prepare the method for metal foam body.This powdered mixture of heating is to the melting temperature just above aluminium in mould, and titanium hydride decomposes generation hydrogen makes the foaming of fused aluminium.In the case, can not draw the conclusion that the decomposition temperature scope of the fusing point of aluminium and titanium hydride is complementary.
In other known method, hydrogen is used as the whipping agent for preparing inorganic foamed plastic body; Known strong basicity alkalimetal silicate or alkali metal aluminate can with the basic metal powder mixes, preferred aluminium is so that dissolving metal and produce hydrogen as foamed gas.After foam mat drying, handle to remove the alkalimetal ion of side effect with ammonium compound.Behind sintering, contain alkalimetal ion (EP-A 344 284, and DE-A 38 16 893) in the foams less than 0.5%.
The drying means of preparation ceramic foam comprises ceramic powder is mixed with volcanic projection, is heated to 900-1400 ℃, makes flux foaming (JP-A 6 0,221 371) with the gas of emitting.Zhi Bei foam is specially adapted to heat insulation (closed pore) material of construction in this way.
JP-A 2 290 211 has reported a kind of method for preparing the ceramic metal fondant filter, the resin particle of various size wherein, and preferred polystyrene foamed links into an integrated entity, with ceramics powder slurry infiltration pore.Organic constituent is burnt after 500～600 ℃ of dryings, and foam is sintered in 1200～1800 ℃ in air then.
By on the viscosity substrate, applying organic short fiber or inorganic fibre can prepare the ceramic foam with open channel, organic short fiber is as cotton, tynex, acrylic fibers, inorganic fibre such as graphite fibre, can also use fiber with organic adhesive material, with inorganic powder slurry permeable fiber strongthener, dry then, pyrolysis and sintering (EP-A 341 230).It is said that this can prepare volume of voids less than 35% foams.Purposes is to make the strainer of molten metal.
At last, also the known ceramics foams can prepare by following method: mix aqueous ceramics powder slurry and aqueous polymeric dispersions, stir this mixture and obtain foam as milk sap, become 1.5 times to 10 times of original volume up to its volume, pour this foam into mould, drying is burnt organic subsidiary, then sintering (EP-A 330 963).In this method, the part by weight of inorganic materials is 65～95%, and the part by weight of dispersion (dry-matter) is 5～50%, and dispersion must be removed by pyrolysis.The inorganic foamed unfavorable aspect in use of this perforate is that big relatively foam is also beaten and most of abscess is airtight.In pulping process, air is impregnated in, and the abscess of Xing Chenging is aggregated the thing dispersion stable like this, has only some abscesses to break in drying process.
Attempt highly-filled polyurethane foam active ingredient with inorganic powder, and they are reacted to each other, utilize the character of perforate that organic constituent is burnt with the highly-filled open-cell polyurethane foams of direct preparation, this idea is difficult.When beginning foaming component molecular weight low especially bubble breaks prematurely as a result so that foaming mixtures does not have enough elasticity, a large amount of effusion of foamed gas CO2 and can't using.Elasticity also causes forming the crack fast inadequately in object, and foamed gas runs off equally and can not use.
When containing pigment slurry preparation perforate inorganic sintered foams, if the flowing property of material is so that the structure of perforate is stablized and changed in the process of foaming, the product that can prepare then.Here, use the inorganic powder of high volume ratio.Sintering obtains thick, high-intensity reticulated structure, and this point can be from seeing the corresponding contraction of volume ratio of sintering process and water and subsidiary.Take out a spot of water and can improve the intensity of foaming composition effectively, like this, disappear when the abscess opening although stablize pressure reduction, cell wall still is stabilized and no longer subsides.But, though this method also can further improve, particularly about the repeatability and the determinacy of foamed product.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and foams that can perfect control foam structure.The foaming at normal temp that does not have organic blowing agent being become may and foam be repeatably.
Have been found that the parent material method of stabilizing by making foaming can realize above-mentioned purpose, this method comprises: 1. make initial powder pulp material foaming, this material comprises following integral part:
But a. inorganic agglomerated material,
B. foamed gas source
C. skeleton (framework) forms thing, and it forms skeleton when initial powder pH value of slurry changes
The d.pH control material
E. liquid
F. if desired, one or more in the following material:
-dispersion agent
-tackiness agent
-viscosity modifier
Form skeleton with the initial powder pH value of slurry of 2. changes to cause or to quicken to form thing by skeleton.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing the inorganic sintered expanded articles, this method comprises: 1. at foaming stages, make the initial powder slurry foaming that contains above-mentioned composition, 2. at the pH changes phase, change the pH of initial powder slurry so that skeleton forms the deposits yields skeleton, this skeleton can be stablized the foams of initial powder slurry to obtain being stabilized that foamed, 3. if desired, the foams that are stabilized are taken out from mould and carry out drying in ejection phase, 4. take out the stage at skeleton, from the foams that are stabilized take out stablize skeleton with form unsintered foams and 5. at the unsintered foams of sintering stage sintering with formation inorganic sintered expanded articles.
Especially and preferably, add additive according to the present invention and can control foaming so that foaming composition begins to have the alkaline pH value is 8～10, but become acid range than low value 3～6 in foaming process later stage abscess open phase pH value, this pH value variation is used to make the water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin that exists in the mixture to solidify in 1-5 minute, so stable foam.
Be detailed description of the present invention and the explanation by preferred embodiment below:
Therefore the present invention provides a kind of method of the stable powder slurry that has foamed.This method comprises: 1. make initial powder slurry foaming, this material comprises following integral part:
But a. inorganic agglomerated material,
B. foamed gas source
C. skeleton forms thing, and its pH when initial powder slurry forms skeleton when changing
The d.pH control material
E. liquid
F. as needing one or more of following material:
-dispersion agent
-tackiness agent
The pH that-viscosity modifier 2. changes initial powder slurry forms skeleton to cause or to quicken to form thing by skeleton.
Here provide the preferable methods program so that form initiation and the booster action that thing forms skeleton from skeleton and after foaming, occur.
According to the present invention, the preferred coupling mutually of the consumption of foamed gas source, pH control material and liquid is so that liquid and pH control material generate acid, the acid that forms is at first emitted foamed gas with the reaction of foamed gas source, to form foam, further, the acid of formation then forms the skeleton that the thing reaction produces stable foam with skeleton.
The liquid preferably water that is used for initial powder slurry, especially, inorganic powder is dispersed in a certain amount of water of initial injection by dispersion agent, and the volume ratio of inorganic powder is enough to satisfy forms impermeable cell wall or reticulated structure in sintering process afterwards.According to the surface-area of sintering activity and used powder, this volume percent is preferably 30～50% of total mixture volume.
But, preferably use inorganic powder as inorganic agglomerated material.Preferred powdered material is selected from:
Metal-powder
Mineral powders
Ceramic powder
Metal carbide powders
The metal nitride powder,
Inorganic powder is used for forming the inorganic foamed reticulated structure of perforate, these powder are stupalith such as aluminum oxide, partly or entirely with zirconium white, the silicon carbide of magnesium oxide or stabilized with yttrium oxide, contain sintering aid commonly used such as silicon nitride, trichroite, mullite, wolfram varbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, vanadium carbide, titanium nitride, tantalum nitride or the metal-powder of aluminum oxide and yttrium oxide such as the powdered alloy of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, titanium, powdered steel or iron, nickel or cobalt base alloy.
Ceramic powder can mix mutually, and carbide, nitride or metal-powder can mix equally mutually.
The average particulate size of ceramic powder is 0.1～10 μ m, preferred 0.3～2 μ m; The size of particles of metal-powder is 1～50 μ m, preferred 2～20 μ m.
The foamed gas source that can be employed can discharge the compound of foamed gas in particular when pH changes.Particularly suitable is that those can emit the titanium dioxide carbon compound in acidic medium.Used whipping agent is volatile salt, ammonium carbamate or the preferred bicarbonate of ammonia that can emit blown with carbon dioxide gas in acidic medium in particular.Usage quantity is 0.3-2 weight %, in inorganic powder.
The skeleton used according to the present invention forms thing preferably forms strong bond to each other when the pH value changes one or more compounds, thus the stable foam body.Particularly suitable is crosslinkable resin, and particularly suitable is at room temperature crosslinked component after the pH value changes, preferably low-molecular-weight, and water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin, these skeletons form 2～10% (pressing solid calculates) that the thing consumption is an inorganic powder weight.Industrialized urea-formaldehyde resin and summary of Application thereof are seen book " Aminoplaste ", VEBDeutscher Verlag fur Grundstoffindustrie A.Bachmann and T.Bertz work is in Leipzig 1970, wherein since 153 pages of special chapters relevant for foams.
For the present invention, preferably use at room temperature can crosslinked fast resin.Excessive 2.8～3 times of the formaldehyde of this resin, the crosslinked pH value 3.5～5 that is preferably in.The use of resin causes the formation of open-celled foams according to the present invention, and these foams are owing to the mechanical stability height, and the foaming back just can be taken out from mould in 5～10 minutes
According to the present invention, pH control material preferably includes and liquid, and especially water produces the compound that pH changes together.Used acid forms the organic carboxyl acid acid anhydride that thing preferably is insoluble to aqueous mixture, hydrolysis only takes place in foaming process just produce H
3O
+Ion.Used acid forms thing, as: Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride, 1,2,4,5 pyromellitic anhydrides, maleic anhydride, consecutive reaction increased activity according to this.
Can regulate expansion rate by the acid anhydrides powder that uses various particle diameters.Particle diameter is big more, and hydrolysis rate is low more.The acid anhydrides particle is more little, and specific surface area is big more.Hydrolysis rate and expansion rate are big more.Best size of particles is 1～200 μ m, preferred 10～100 μ m.
In the method for the invention, the ratio of acid formation thing and whipping agent can be beneficial to the control foam performance especially.Especially, the mole number make whipping agent is set, and to form thing in acid be that the basis is always insufficient so that whipping agent consumed light after pH can change to acid range 3～6 from 8～10.For example: 1 normal carboxylic acid must have less than 1 normal bicarbonate of ammonia.
Preferred one or more the initial powder slurry that has in the following characteristics that uses: the initial powder slurry of a. is aqueous powder slurry.B. initial powder slurry contains the one-tenth net of 30～60% volumes, sinterable powder.C. initial powder slurry is made up of following material basically:
A. inorganic powder 30-60 part
Comprise the sintering aid volume
B. vaporizable liquid, 30-60 part
Especially volume of water
C. dispersion agent 0-4 is preferred
0.5-3 part, volume
D. tackiness agent 2-12 is preferred
4-10 part, volume
E. whipping agent or whipping agent 1-8 are preferred
Precursor 2-6 part, the initial powder slurry of volume d. contains the viscosity modifier, particularly non-crosslinked of water-soluble polymers form
The high molecular organic polymer, consumption is that 2-10% weight is (but with sintering especially
Powdered material weight is 100%), preferably use polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene
Methane amide, polyvinyl alcohol.E. initial powder slurry contains tackiness agent, especially its consumption be 1～6% weight (with inorganic can
The weight of agglomerated material is 100%), optimization polypropylene acid esters dispersion.
In further embodiment, the present invention includes the method for preparing the inorganic sintered expanded articles.In this method, said here initial powder slurry is foamed at foaming stages.At the pH changes phase, the pH of initial powder slurry changes and forms skeleton so that skeleton forms thing, and this skeleton makes the foams of initial powder slurry stabilization to obtain being stabilized of foaming.If desired, in ejection phase the foams that are stabilized are taken out and drying from mould.Take out the stage at skeleton, the skeleton that plays stabilization takes out to form unsintered foams from the foams that are stabilized.Ejection phase and the skeleton stage of taking out preferably carries out directly to connect the mode of reading in a plant and instrument.At last, unsintered foams are sintered into the inorganic sintered expanded articles in the sintering stage.
In the method for preparing the sintered foam body, the preferably at first moulding of initial powder slurry.This can finish by pouring initial powder slurry into mould especially.The method of preferred here injection material.Also initial powder slurry can be extruded then and separated, also material can be extruded into flat sheet material and by impact briquetting.At last, material can be by compression moulding.
The initial powder slurry of moulding is foamed.Preferably not long ago or in mould, add pH control material in moulding.When pH control material, for example, in mould, be stirred in the initial powder slurry, or work as pH control and expect to join in the forcing machine, other component of initial powder slurry is mixed in this forcing machine, this forcing machine is sent into initial powder slurry mould or is gone to separate (dividing up), the result that these all can be obtained then.
The present invention also provides a kind of inorganic sintered body with the inventive method preparation.Sintered compact of the present invention can be used for catalyzer or support of the catalyst, especially as carrier.It is particularly advantageous offering the material that the porous sintered body catalytically active material maybe can be transformed into catalytically active material in addition, especially one or more precious metals.So this porous insert is a kind of catalyzer (it may still need be activated).Here metal or noble metal dosage are 0.1～5% weight, in whole porous insert.For this porous insert, particularly suitable catalytically active material is platinum, palladium, cobalt, nickel, iron or copper.
As dispersion agent, can use stearic class dispersion agent.Stearic class dispersion agent has surfactant structure, and wherein, a part of molecule itself adheres to wants dispersed powder, so the viscosity of system is low and the solid loadings height.The example of this dispersion agent is oleic acid tetramethyl-ammonium or oleic acid TBuA.0.5～3% consumption based on powder quality is enough to disperse ceramic powder; 0.1～0.5% consumption based on powder quality is essential for disperseing more coarse metal-powder.
Because is favourable with regard to the composition property opinion medium initial viscosity that flows to foaming process, thus the high molecular organic polymer that all right adding water soluble can not be crosslinked as viscosity modifier, its consumption is a 2-10% weight, in powder.The consumption that increases the water-soluble polymers of viscosity must determine respectively at each powder.If viscosity is too low, foamed gas is overflowed before foam does not form.If viscosity is too high, foamy forms equally and is obstructed, because foamed gas is not utilized to overflow in the crack.Viscosity modifier needs elasticity, i.e. elongation at break, and elasticity should be high as far as possible, so the polymkeric substance that is crosslinked only has limited effectiveness.After foaming and the drying, viscosity modifier provides stable, bond properties in foam.At this moment it can also improve not that intensity, the suitable viscosity modifier of sintered foam body are high-molecular linear polyvinylpyrrolidone class and their multipolymer, polyethylene methane amide and its multipolymer or polyvinyl alcohol.
Effectively tackiness agent is, in particular, aqueous polymer dispersion, it forms the film of bonding inorganic particulate in drying process.Consumption is 1～6% weight, in inorganic powder, especially preferably can form the polyacrylate dispersion of sticking especially film.
The powder slurry that is used for foams of the present invention is to prepare at traditional mixing machine or kneader, does not have additional complex instrument equipment.Optimum viscosity can be set the most simply by range estimation.In all cases, just can also lean on its weight to flow up to the powder slurry in powder, dispersion agent, viscosity modifier or the water adding title complex.It is long-pending that the volume proportion example that reaches the powder consumption of flow limit depends on the size or the powder surface of powder particle.With regard to the ceramic powder of this low relatively size of particles of 0.3～2 μ m, the consumption of 30～50 volume % reaches flow limit, and with regard to the more coarse metal-powder of average particle diameter 2～20 μ m, the consumption of 35-55 volume % reaches flow limit.
The manufacturing of perforate inorganic foamed plastic body of the present invention both can be intermittently also can be successive.In intermittently preparing, foaming is to carry out after the compound preparation, can carry out in mould if desired.In order to prepare particle, if desired, before foaming, the powder pulp mixture is divided into fragment, each fragment is foamed forms irregular shape or spheroidal particle.The foaming part in airflow in 100-130 ℃ of drying, speed with 3～5 ℃/min is heated to 350～600 ℃ to remove organic constituent fully then, this material was detained 1 hour under 350-600 ℃ of temperature, sintering process for reality will further heat, as Fe, Co, Ni is heated to 1100-1200 ℃ under atmosphere of hydrogen, Cu is heated to 900-950 ℃ equally under atmosphere of hydrogen, zirconium white is heated to 1450 ℃ in air, aluminum oxide is heated to 1650 ℃ or silicon carbide and is heated to 2250 ℃ in argon gas in air.
For continuous production, powder slurry is preparation off and on earlier, and at room temperature the screw extrusion press by an operate continuously is processed to form extrudate then.After die orifice is extruded, on transport tape, extrudate foaming and in downstream drying nest drying on the underbed that thereupon moves together.As the carboxylic acid anhydride of acid formation thing, for example Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride preferably only is metered into when composition is brought into screw extrusion press, and screw extrusion press comprises that in addition a mixing portion is to improve the distribution that acid forms thing if desired.
The present invention further provides the inorganic sintered expanded articles.They have the open volume of the 40-90% that easily reaches and between 0.05～3mm, preferably the hole dimension between 0.1～2mm.Preferred inorganic sintered material is as described below.
The following example has illustrated to realizing the preferred characteristics and the optimum formula of the object of the invention.Embodiment:
In the container that stirs, add deionized water.At room temperature while stirring with dispersion agent, as the bicarbonate of ammonia of whipping agent, viscosity modifier, urea-formaldehyde resin and adhesive dispersion are sneaked in the water.
Used dispersion agent is that concentration is the aqueous compositions of 25% tetramethyl ammonium, and viscosity modifier is High molecular weight polyethylene pyrrolidone (Luviskol
K90, BASF AG) powder, tackiness agent is that solids content is 50% acrylate dispersoid (Acronal
360D, BASFAG) urea-formaldehyde resin is that concentration is the aqueous solution of 50% low-molecular-weight resin, and formaldehyde is excessive 3 times in the resin, and it is the particle of 10～20 μ m that carboxylic acid anhydride is become size by porphyrize.
In the form, the amount of starting raw material is based on pure substance below, and the amount of the water of being indicated is the total amount of water.
After at room temperature making water soluble ingredient mixing and dissolving, with inorganic powder, the each stirring of alumina powder that is about 1 μ m as average particulate size entered a little.After disperseing fully, mixture can foam.For foaming process, the carboxylic acid anhydride of declarable content was sneaked in about time more than 1 minute.This can directly carry out in mould.Jiggle a moment mould so that composition scatter and remove big air bubble.Composition begins foaming then, and volume rises to 2-5 times of initial volume.After the foaming, directly obtain open celled foam.After foam stops 5-10 minute again, open mould and take out the moulded product that has foamed.
It is 100 and the foam cylinder of the about 80-90mm of height of 55mm that the title complex that embodiment 1-4 provides is used for diameter.These cylinders in the convection drying case in 130 ℃ of dryings 10 hours, move to then in the sintering oven and be heated to 300 ℃ with the speed of 5 ℃/min from room temperature, kept 1 hour at 300 ℃, be heated to 600 ℃ and kept 1 hour with the speed of 5 ℃/min then, be heated to 1650 ℃ and kept 3 hours with the speed of 5 ℃/min then, then the sintering oven naturally cooling.
Obtain so stable, perforate cylinder shape foams, the diameter of these foams and highly evenly shrinking is respectively 24,23 from embodiment 1～4,18 and 21%.Average cell size is about 0.5～2mm in all embodiment, and the volume ratio in hole is 78,70,77 and 83%.
The mixture of embodiment 1-4
| Fehler:Textmarke nicht definiert pure substance is formed, g | The embodiment sequence number | |||
| ??1 | ??2 | ????3 | ????4 | |
| Dispersion agent (oleic acid tetramethyl ammonium) | ?1.5 | ?1.5 | ????2 | ????6 |
| Whipping agent (bicarbonate of ammonia) | ?4.5 | ?4.5 | ????2 | ????6 |
| Tackiness agent (acrylate dispersoid) | ?15 | ?- | ?- | ?10 |
| Water | ?55 | ?56 | ?45 | ?40 |
| Viscosity modifier (polyvinylpyrrolidone) | ??6 | ?11 | ?8 | ?3 |
| Urea-formaldehyde resin | ?18 | ?14 | ?16 | ?12 |
| Carboxylic acid anhydride | ||||
| Maleic anhydride | ?10 | ?10 | ??- | ??- |
| Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride | ?- | ??- | ??8 | ??- |
| 1,2,4,5 pyromellitic anhydrides | ?- | ??- | ??- | ??8 |
| Aluminum oxide | 210 | ?200 | ?210 | ?210 |
The foams that prepare among the embodiment are the perforates with high rigidity, the foams of high gas-premeable.They are suitable for, for example, and as support of the catalyst.
Claims (10)
1. the method for the initial powder slurry of a stable foaming, this method comprises:
1. make initial powder slurry foaming, this initial powder slurry comprises following component:
But a. inorganic agglomerated material,
B. foamed gas source,
C. the skeleton that forms skeleton when the pH of initial powder slurry changes forms thing,
D.pH controls material,
E. liquid
F. as needing one or more in the following material:
-dispersion agent
-tackiness agent
The pH that-viscosity modifier and 2. changes initial powder slurry forms skeleton to cause or to quicken to form thing by skeleton.
2. method for preparing the inorganic sintered expanded articles, this method comprises:
1. at foaming stages, make initial powder slurry foaming, this slurry has as the composition that any one limited in front or the back claim,
2. at the pH changes phase, change the pH of initial powder slurry so that skeleton forms the deposits yields skeleton, the initial powder slurry of the stable foaming of this skeleton, the foams that are stabilized with formation,
3. as need, can ejection phase from mould, takes out the foams that are stabilized and drying it,
4. removing the skeleton stage, from the foams that are stabilized remove stablize skeleton with form unsintered foams and
5. in the sintering stage, the unsintered foams of sintering are to form the inorganic sintered expanded articles.
3. the method for one of aforementioned two claims, wherein
A. but the inorganic sintered material of Shi Yonging comprises one or more following powdered materials:
Metal-powder
Mineral powders
Ceramic powder
Metal carbide powders
The metal nitride powder
And/or
B. the foamed gas source of Shi Yonging comprises one or more compounds, these compounds are selected from the compound of emitting foamed gas when pH changes, and particularly those emit the titanium dioxide carbon compound in acidic medium, preferred volatile salt, ammonium carbamate and, preferred especially bicarbonate of ammonia
And/or
C. the skeleton formation thing that uses comprises the compound that forms strong bond when pH changes each other, and this skeleton forms thing and causes foamy machinery enhancing, particularly crosslinkable resin, preferred especially lower molecular weight urea-formaldehyde resin,
And/or
D. the pH control material package of using is drawn together one or more compounds, and these compounds and liquid produce pH together to be changed, and preferably causes pH to change to those compounds of 3-6, more preferably acid anhydrides, particularly carboxylic acid anhydride together with liquid.
4. the method for aforementioned arbitrary claim, wherein the amount of foamed gas source, pH value control material and liquid is mated mutually so that liquid and pH value control material form acid, this acid is reacted with the foamed gas source earlier, emit foamed gas and be used for foam formation, and further, the acid of formation then forms the thing reaction to produce the skeleton of stable foam with skeleton.
5. the method for aforementioned arbitrary claim, use therein initial powder slurry is the initial powder slurry with one or more following features:
A. initial powder slurry is aqueous powder slurry,
B. initial powder slurry contains the sinterable powder of 30-60% volume,
C. initial powder slurry is made up of following material basically:
A. inorganic powder 30-60 part
Contain the sintering aid volume
B. vaporizable liquid, 30-60 part
Especially volume of water
C. dispersion agent 0-4 is preferred
0.5-3 part, volume
D. tackiness agent 2-12 is preferred
4-10 part, volume
E. whipping agent or foaming 1-8 are preferred
Agent precursor 2-6 part, volume
D. initial powder slurry contains the viscosity modifier of water-soluble polymers form, especially uncrosslinked high molecular organic polymer, consumption is 2-10% weight (is 100% in the sinterable powder material weight) especially, the preferred use comprises vinyl pyrrolidone, the polymkeric substance of vinyl formamide, vinyl alcohol
E. initial powder slurry comprises tackiness agent, and particularly consumption is 1-6% weight (but be 100% in the weight of inorganic agglomerated material), optimization polypropylene acid esters dispersion.
6. the method for aforementioned arbitrary claim, wherein initial powder slurry particularly joins in the mould at first by moulding, and is preferably injection-molded, or extrudes and cut apart, or is extruded into plain film plate and punching press, or compression moulding, and the initial powder slurry of moulding is foamed.
7. the method in the claim 6 wherein only not long ago joined pH control material in the initial powder slurry in moulding, or was added in the mould.
8. inorganic sintered expanded articles, it has 40～90% the open volume that easily reaches and at 0.05-3mm, the hole dimension in the scope of preferred 0.1-2mm.
9. the sintered foam parts in the claim 8, this expanded articles basically by the sintered inorganic material that limits in aforementioned arbitrary claim and as needs, the catalytically active material of existence composition it on.
10. the sintered foam parts in a sintered foam parts, particularly claim 8 or 9 can obtain about the method in arbitrary claim of the method for preparing such expanded articles according to aforementioned.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97196400 CN1225080A (en) | 1996-05-17 | 1997-05-12 | Method of stabilizing sintered foam and of producing open-cell sintered foam parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19619986.7 | 1996-05-17 | ||
| CN 97196400 CN1225080A (en) | 1996-05-17 | 1997-05-12 | Method of stabilizing sintered foam and of producing open-cell sintered foam parts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1225080A true CN1225080A (en) | 1999-08-04 |
Family
ID=5179741
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97196400 Pending CN1225080A (en) | 1996-05-17 | 1997-05-12 | Method of stabilizing sintered foam and of producing open-cell sintered foam parts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1225080A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102712539A (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2012-10-03 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Method for producing hollow bodies having enclosed freely displaceable particles |
| CN112342419A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-02-09 | 华南理工大学 | Method for preparing TiC reinforced titanium-based composite material based on cross-linked modified sintered titanium hydride |
| CN114799157A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-07-29 | 北京中石伟业科技宜兴有限公司 | Method for manufacturing powder of high-porosity through-hole foamy copper |
-
1997
- 1997-05-12 CN CN 97196400 patent/CN1225080A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102712539A (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2012-10-03 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Method for producing hollow bodies having enclosed freely displaceable particles |
| CN102712539B (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2014-07-02 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Method for producing hollow bodies having enclosed freely displaceable particles |
| CN112342419A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-02-09 | 华南理工大学 | Method for preparing TiC reinforced titanium-based composite material based on cross-linked modified sintered titanium hydride |
| CN114799157A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-07-29 | 北京中石伟业科技宜兴有限公司 | Method for manufacturing powder of high-porosity through-hole foamy copper |
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