CN1224335A - Method and device for incorporating fatty matter into granulated products - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, pellets produced in the extruder or expander of the press are dried in a dryer and passed through an intermediate container into a mixer. Using a metering pump a predetermined amount of fat-supplying liquid is added to the mixer and spread on the surface of the product pieces through the mixing process. After a predetermined period of time a vacuum pump generates a negative pressure in the mixer so as to evacuate the air from the capillaries or pores of the product pieces. The negative pressure in the mixer is then relieved through an expansion valve so that the air entering into the mixer and into the pores or capillaries of the product pieces transports the fat-supplying liquid on the surface of the pieces as well as additional fat-supplying liquid into the pores or capillaries, thereby filling them to the extent that a high proportion of approximately 30% fat-supplying liquid is incorporated in the pores or capillaries of the product pieces.

Description

Fat is joined the method and apparatus of grain products

In whole this document, as " add fat " to " removing degrease " corresponding speech and " adding moisture " and corresponding speech thereof " to remove moisture " similar.Under the situation that adds moisture, the method that liquid contacts with product is that liquid not only passes the surface, and enters product inside.On the contrary, under dewatered situation, be not only liquid to be removed from the surface of product, also remove internally, therefore cause product drying.

Same meaning, under the situation that adds fat, product and the liquid that comprises fat together, by this method, the liquid that comprises fat not only is retained in the surface, but also is penetrated into inside.

Under the situation of producing granule state food, promptly, when for example the product composition of products such as extruded product, particle, expanded granular has high fat content, during for example as bait (bait will float on the water surface), a problem can appear, if fat adds in manufacture craft or before forming technology, the mechanical bond character of manufactured goods is poor, and the result causes the finished product less robust made.

On the other hand, if fatty being added in undertaken by spraying drum or blender with conventional method after making technology, there is such problem so, promptly only absorb the liquid that comprises fat at the product surface that adds fat, perhaps, comprising fatty liquid can only be penetrated in the product at leisure by capillarity.Under the situation that viscosity increases or hole seals or hole is little, this process will be slower.

Since more than, by spray drum or blender join fat mass on the product be limited in granular mass 5% to 10% between.

The special application publication number HEI 3-180 163 (1991) of Japan has provided and has described a kind of of this technology and improved one's methods, and wherein, product is quantitatively locked by one and joined in the spiral feeder upwards; There is a fuel tank bottom at the spiral feeder at preposition at a certain angle, and product falls into this fuel tank, and wetting in the process of upwards carrying.In addition, vavuum pump guarantees to be negative pressure in the spiral feeder.In other words, in the process of upwards carrying, upwards the product of carrying after by the liquid that comprises fat, the effect of the negative pressure of being scheduled to.

In this case, the horizontal level of so-called fuel tank can be provided with and change.

According to the particulars that provide, in said system, above-mentioned oil absorption rate is brought up to 13.5% of granular mass from the 5-10% of granular mass.

Yet practical application shows still needs higher fat absorption.

Therefore the objective of the invention is in grain products, to improve the absorption of fatty liquid.This is special needs for bait.According to the present invention, the combination of the feature that the characteristic by independent claims discloses, this purpose is met.

Usually, the bait composition that comprises most of fish food is extruded gradually at about 120 ℃, for example carries out in extruder, and water content is in the 20-30% scope.Under best extruding condition, because corresponding steam pressure, this plastic material expands when temperature surpasses 100 ℃ in extruder.Therefore, leaving extruder, that is, after moisture removed and passes through corresponding cooling, material cured became bread shape foaming structure.

According to the present invention, this dry products is placed in the blender on the weighing box, is preferably blade mixer, so that add the amount of needed fatty liquid according to the product weight of measuring.When blender turns round, add predetermined fatty amount of liquid, so that the surface of moist products particle.In this technology, in blender, keep negative pressure, similar with the above-mentioned situation of this technology, air is run out of from the capillary of product as a result.

At this moment, be in the corresponding warning temperature of the low-viscosity of fatty liquid more favourablely as the temperature of fruit product, so that guarantee that product is penetrated in capillary or the aperture well in this step of the present invention, this will explain below in detail.According to the present invention, this step comprises such operation: after producing negative pressure and adding fat simultaneously on product, the surround of negative pressure in the blender and the product that causes thus discharges, so that air enters blender more fatty liquid is transported in evacuation aperture or the capillary.

According to the present invention, because this conveying of fatty liquid is to enter aperture from the surface, product can absorb 30% or more fatty liquid.

Be lower than in the addition of fatty liquid under 10% the situation (this also is easy to implement according to the present invention), and under the very many situation in the hole of product particle, fatty liquid preferably is ejected in the blender so that obtain uniform surface wettability.

Surpass at fatty liquid under 15% the situation of grain amount, and under the compacter situation of product particle, also can spray, that is, fatty liquid can just in mixed process, be absorbed by the product composition by product, and a part absorbs from the bottom of blender.

If formed about 40 ℃ by the product of fatty coating or product, help being transported in cooler or the ventilation accumulator tank.

As already mentioned, according to the present invention, the advantage of this method is, compare with the process condition of having only moist products to bear negative pressure but in mixed process, not discharging negative pressure, the unit grain quality can be in conjunction with more fat on the product, in this dispose procedure, fatty liquid can be absorbed better by aperture or capillary.

The advantage that this process had is, lipochondrion is absorbed in the aperture, and product particle is combined with fat, that is, absorb in the aperture rather than attached to particle surface.

Below, by only describing the present invention by an embodiment shown in the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows the equipment that is used to produce extruded product, and is used to the equipment that carries out fatty coating according to extruded product of the present invention.Yet the present invention is not limited to use this equipment, and is applicable to for example particle of other porous articles particles of production, the equipment of extruding particle etc.

Be illustrated as and load funnel 1, arrive by its graininess or powdery product and quantitatively send spiral 2 to, send spiral to and this product is sent to adjustable screw 3 with ratio method.As everyone knows, in this adjustable screw,, be used for handling at extruder or decompressor subsequently according to its humidity, temperature and prepared at concentrations powder or grain products.

Following extruder or decompressor, be actually, for example make or the BI-EX type two-axis extruder of configuration by the applicant, or, for example nameplate is the decompressor of " DFEA 220 ", perhaps also is " KUBEX " board forcing press that is used for the production cubic granules by applicant's processing or configuration.

It also is in the drier by applicant processing or configuration that extruding or expansion product are placed on, in for example banded drier, and extruded product or expansion product drying and cooling in this drier.

The air that drier 5 comes out is collected by an effusion airhood 6, and is sent in the cyclone separator 7.Clean air is discharged into the atmosphere as effusion air 8, perhaps is sent in another filter (not shown).Collect in the collection container 9 by cyclone separator 7 isolated solid matters.

The product of drier 5 dryings arrives in the intermediate receptacle 10, and it has identical substantially volume as a batcher and the blender 12 of back, so that can work with blender 12 in batches.Sliding door 11 is arranged on the delivery end of intermediate receptacle 10.After described sliding door 11 was opened, it was sent to the contents in the intermediate receptacle 10 in the blender 12 of back.

Certainly, the operation of machine should combine with other machines on the production line.

Blender 12 is installed on the weighing unit 13, so that the amount of being scheduled to can be joined in the blender 12, on the one hand, sliding door 11 is closed, and on the other hand, can add the fatty liquid of respective amount.For this reason, the amount of the product of being measured by weighing unit in the blender is sent signal to control device 19.

When arriving predetermined amount in the blender, control device 19 cuts out sliding door 11, and the weight signal according to weighing unit 13 accurately calculates the percentage that fatty liquid accounts for accentuation, and fatty liquid pumps into blender 12 by constant displacement pump 18 from the container 17 that holds fatty liquid.

Simultaneously, blender is started by same control device 19.After one period scheduled time, the sub-control station of control device 19 19.1 starts vavuum pumps 20, and the product in mixed process and blender 12, provides negative pressure, thereby surrounds each product particle immediately when moistening by fatty liquid in blender.

Because the influence of negative pressure, the aperture or the capillary of each product particle are evacuated, and for example, this can obtain proof at the steam bubble that the moistening place on the surface of each product particle produces forward by aperture or the capillary that air leaves product.

Through after one section Preset Time, sub-control station 19.1 is controlled a pressure-reducing valve 21 again, and it is connected between blender 12 and the vavuum pump 20, on the connecting line 20 from blender 12 to vavuum pump.

Like this, the negative pressure in the blender discharges again, that is, air flows to the space of blender 12 again by pressure-reducing valve 21, thus enter each product particle around, the air that causes entering pushes fatty liquid or send in aperture or the capillary.Like this, make more fat attached on each product particle, thus can improvement effect, according to the present invention, can reach particle and adhere to 30% or more fat, rather than about 13% under the existing process condition.

Because hybrid technique is proceeded in the negative pressure dispose procedure, therefore, each product particle continues moistening, and not only oil continues the surface attached to each product particle, and because air flows into aperture, in mixed process, moistening liquid is further absorbed.

Fat is attached to after finishing on the product in blender, and according to the Preset Time of control device, the mixture in the blender is discharged in the intermediate receptacle 14.The product that has adhered to fat discharges by proportioning device from middle container, and is sent to next station as final products 16, for example, and storage element.

In the device that illustrates, the amount that joins the fatty liquid in the blender can be with its whole absorptions so that need adhere to the product of fat by the experience decision, and after described blender became sky, the bottom of blender 12 had not a particle of fatty liquid and stays.

The formation of above-mentioned negative pressure and negative pressure subsequently discharge carries out repeatedly.

In addition, pressure-reducing valve can be used as pressure-control valve and installs, so that the air that enters flows back in the mode of rule again.

Graphical sysmbol

1 loads funnel

2 quantitatively send spiral to

3 adjustable screws

4 extruders or decompressor

5 driers

6 discharged air covers

7 cyclone separators

8 discharged air

9 collection containers

10 intermediate receptacles

11 sliding doors

12 blenders

13 weighing units

14 intermediate receptacles

15 dischargings and quantitative element (band shape or send to spiral)

16 final products

17 containers or fatty liquid

18 constant displacement pumps

19,19.1 control device

20 vavuum pumps

21 pressure-reducing valves

Claims (9)

1. one kind is used for to particle, for example: extruded product, particle, expanded granular etc., and the method for adhering to fat (may also be referred to as with fat moistening), it uses fatty liquid, for example oil, liquid aliphatic etc., this method comprises the following steps:

-the fatty liquid of the grain products of scheduled volume and scheduled volume added be in the same place, so that the wet particle product;

-produce negative pressure around grain products in intermediate steps;

It is characterized in that described negative pressure discharges after through one period scheduled time.

2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that in the negative pressure dispose procedure, fatty liquid combines with product again.

3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the processing step of one or several disclosure carries out according to the preset time section.

4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that being released in of negative pressure more than carrying out in one the step.

5. according to the method for the arbitrary claim in front, it is characterized in that processing step carries out in batches.

6. be used to implement device, comprise according to the method for at least one claim relevant with aforementioned technology:

-one blender, it uses fatty liquid hybrid particles product;

-one dosing unit is used for the grain products that adheres to fat quantitative;

-one dosing unit is used for and will adheres to the fatty liquid quantitative of fat;

-one controlled vaccum-generating unit is used for producing negative pressure at blender;

It is characterized in that,

-this device also is equipped with one and is used for the predetermined described means for applying negative that discharges.

7. according to the device of claim 6, it is characterized in that described negative pressure releasing device is a valve.

8. according to the device of claim 6, it is characterized in that it has a control device that is used for control valve, this control valve is finished the release of described negative pressure in a predetermined manner.

9. according to the device of claim 6, it is characterized in that described blender is a batch mixer.

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