CN1222676A - Remote soil moisture measurer - Google Patents
Remote soil moisture measurer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1222676A CN1222676A CN 98115336 CN98115336A CN1222676A CN 1222676 A CN1222676 A CN 1222676A CN 98115336 CN98115336 CN 98115336 CN 98115336 A CN98115336 A CN 98115336A CN 1222676 A CN1222676 A CN 1222676A
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- soil moisture
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- type soil
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Abstract
The remote soil moisture measurer includes an emitter and a receiver. The emitter consists of AC impedance type probe, Wien-bridge oscillator, attenuator, inverting voltage amplifier, bandpass filter, timing trigger and signal emitter. The receiver consists of power source circuit, signal receiving circuit, BSIO16 monochip computer with cured BASIC program, EEPROM, digital display, AC/DC converter, ADC and other circuits. When used, the emitter is inserted into soil, and the hand held receiver reads out the soil moisture directly within 10m.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of device of measured soil moisture, particularly a kind of remote soil moisture measurer that adopts electronic method.
The method of existing mensuration soil moisture has:
One. classic method: calculate soil moisture content with fetch earth the weigh back oven dry of aluminium basin.
Two. Instrument measuring:
1. plaster block is measured: measure and forbidden, soon, parameter is malfunctioning after placing into the soil;
2. pottery magnetic depressimeter: measurement range is narrow, and is malfunctioning easily;
3. Neutron Moisture instrument: the equipment advanced person relatively accurately, is to utilize the characteristic of soil moisture intercept neutrons to measure, and the equipment cost height has certain radiocontamination, and security is bad.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned several instrument, assay method, provide a kind of determination data accurate, but continuous coverage is safe in utilization, convenient, the remote soil moisture measurer that manufacturing cost is lower.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following scheme:
The distant reading type soil moisture tester, comprise transmitter and receiver, AC impedance formula probe M4 is housed in the transmitter, Wen's oscillator M2, attenuator M3, reverse inter-input-ing voltage amplifier M5, bandpass filter M6, clocked flip-flop M1 and signal projector M7, by 8 of operational amplifier LM324,9,10 pin are formed Wen's oscillator M2, produce 400Hz simple alternating current ripple, through 12 of LM324,13, the attenuator M3 input probe M4 that 14 pin are formed, after probe M4 receives the magnitude of voltage of input, import 5 of LM324 with the magnitude of voltage that soil moisture content changes, 6, the reverse inter-input-ing voltage amplifier M5 that 7 pin are formed, input tape bandpass filter M6 again, the 5th pin of the MC2833 emission integrated package in the signal input signal emitter M7 of filtering, go by the ejaculation of the 9th human hair combing waste to 49.7MHz through frequency multiplication, receiver comprises power circuit M8, signal receiving circuit M9, AC/DC conversion and regulator rectifier circuit M10, A/D conversion circuit M11, buffered sample control integrated package M12, PS1016 solidifies BASIC single-chip microcomputer and repeatedly erasable EPROM M13, nixie display M14, transmitting of above-mentioned transmitter receives the reception of integrated package 1 pin by the MC3362 in the signal receiving circuit M9 of receiver, a series of inter-process are exported by 13 pin, through AC/DC conversion and regulator rectifier circuit M10, HC245 integrated package in the A/D conversion circuit M11 input buffering controlling of sampling piece M12, the water percentage of calculating respectively of control sampling and PS1016 drives nixie display M14; Above-mentioned AC impedance formula probe M4 is a rectangular box, the rectangular box upper and lower faces is insulating material (3), the side relative position is two capacitor plates (2), and other two relative positions are gauze (4), are filled with the nonpolar particle of particle diameter greater than gauze (4) aperture in the rectangular box;
The circuit part of above-mentioned transmitter is contained in the seal, and the sealing body comprises shell (11), antenna (12), circuit board (14), encapsulant (13), lead-in wire (10), (15), circuit board holder (16);
Wen's oscillator M2, attenuator M3, reverse inter-input-ing voltage amplifier M5 and bandpass filter M6 are to be major component with the LM324 operational amplifier in the above-mentioned transmitter circuit, cooperate peripheral resistance, electric capacity to constitute, to realize function separately;
Clocked flip-flop M1 in the above-mentioned transmitter comprises that model is resistance, the electric capacity of single-chip microcomputer, battery G1, TPS1100DRMOS pipe and the periphery of PIC12C508, realizes regularly triggering;
Signal projector M7 in the above-mentioned transmitter comprises MC2833 emission integrated package, antenna X3 and auxiliary resistance, electric capacity, inductance element;
The signal receiving circuit M9 of above-mentioned receiver comprises receiving antenna X1, receiving integrate circuit MC3362, antenna receiving signal is by the 1 pin input of MC3362, a series of processing are exported the signal of reduction by 13 pin through inside, comprise also in it that inductance supporting with MC3362, resistance, electric capacity are to realize the receiving function of signal;
AC/DC conversion in the above-mentioned receiver and rectification circuit M10 comprise conversion integrated package LM358, diode V2, V3, V4 and corresponding resistance, electric capacity, to realize the function of conversion, rectification;
The major component of the A/D conversion circuit M11 of above-mentioned receiver is the MC14433 conversion integration block;
The major component of the buffered sample controll block M12 of above-mentioned receiver is a HC245 buffering integrated package;
Above-mentioned nixie display M14 is three LED charactrons, joins with HC245 and PS1016.
Above-mentioned AC impedance formula probe M4 is a right cylinder, and cylindrical axis is a utmost point (5) of electrode column, and its outer rim is as another utmost point (8), and cylindrical top and bottom is sealed by insulating material (7), leaded on outer rim and the axis (9).
The present invention be based on through experimental studies have found that soil moisture content and soil AC impedance value (actual adopt be and the soil AC impedance becomes the interchange significant level value of function numerical relation) between good correlationship is arranged, all between 0.9657 ~ 0.9939, their mathematic(al) representation is related coefficient
W=aU
b
Wherein:
W-soil moisture content percent value (%)
The coefficient (representative soil characteristic) that the a-experiment is determined
U-is through the interchange level effective value (mv) of soil impedance modulation
The b-impedance with exchange level effective voltage value funtcional relationship (measured value is 0.4384-0.5621, and theoretical value is 0.5)
Based on above-mentioned principle, instrument of the present invention divides two parts, and a part is the transmitter that contains probe, and another part is a receiver, and receiver is made the handheld digital instrument.
The transmitter that will contain probe during use is placed into the soil in the layer, hand held receiver can directly read soil moisture content in 10 meters scopes of transmitter, because the launcher signal consumed power is bigger, probe is imbedded behind the soil layer inconvenience again and is changed battery at any time, so present stage is adopted the intermittent transmission mode, changed one-shot battery in 1 year, equally owing to the present transmitting range of battery reason can not be far, imbed under the 30cm soil layer of field and in 10 meters, can receive signal, manufacturing cost of the present invention: about 200 yuan of transmitter, about 300 yuan of receiver, do not influence farm work after imbedding probe, about 1.2 ten thousand yuan of Neutron Moisture instrument imported goods, the about 6000-7000 of domestic products unit, the present invention compared with prior art has obvious improvement, produces very obvious effects.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are two kinds of structural representations of AC impedance formula probe M4 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of transmitter encapsulated circuit part;
Fig. 4 is transmitter circuit figure;
Fig. 5 is acceptor circuit figure;
The present invention is described in more detail by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Embodiment:
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in, the probe M4 of transmitter of the present invention can make two kinds of forms, a kind of is cube, a kind of cylindrical, the upper and lower faces of square boxlike probe is an insulating material 3, and the side relative position is two capacitor plates 2, other two opposite faces are gauzes 4, be filled with the nonpolar particle of particle diameter greater than the gauze aperture in the box, the packing material in this example is the steady farinose materials of 80 order water, and gauze is 100 orders; Draw two leads 1 on the two-plate 2; The upper/lower terminal of cylindrical probe is also used insulating material 7 sealing of holes, shaft position is as an electrode 5 in the right cylinder, the right cylinder outer rim is as another utmost point 8, be covered with screen cloth 9 on the outer rim, be filled with nonpolar particle in the cylinder, its particle is encapsulated in the seal than the circuit part of mesh size transmitter, is wherein a kind of structure as shown in Figure 3, seal comprises shell 11, antenna 12, antenna encapsulant 13, circuit board 14, circuit board holder 16 and goes between 15,10 that lead-in wire 15 is connected with probe M4.
The transmitter circuit part as shown in Figure 4, AC impedance formula probe M4 is housed in the transmitter, literary composition formula oscillator M2, attenuator M3, reverse inter-input-ing voltage amplifier M5, bandpass filter M6, clocked flip-flop M1 and signal projector M7, M2, M3, M5, the main element of M6 is the LM324 operational amplifier, wherein Wen's oscillator M2 is by 8 of LM324,9,10 pin are formed (N3C), also has resistance R 9 in the M2, R10, R11, R12, capacitor C 10, C11, C12, attenuator M3 is by 12 of LM324,13,14 pin are formed (N3D), also comprise resistance R 6 in it, R7, R8, M5 is by 5 of LM324,6,7 pin constitute (N3B), also comprise resistance R 13, M6 is by 1 of LM321,2,3 pin constitute, also comprise resistance R 14, R15, R16, capacitor C 8, signal projector M7 comprises emission integrated package MC2833 (N2), antenna X3 (RFQUT), resistance R 4, R5, R17, R18, R20, R21, capacitor C 2, C6, C7, C4, C5, C13, C14, C16, C17, C18, C19, C15, C20, C21, C22, inductance L 1, L2, L3, L4, stabilivolt G2 etc.
Acceptor circuit as shown in Figure 5, receiver comprises signal receiving circuit M9, power circuit M8, AC/DC conversion and regulator rectifier circuit M10, A/D conversion circuit M11, buffered sample controll block M12, PS1016 solidifies BASIC sheet machine and repeatedly erasable EPROM M13 and nixie display M14, comprise in the M9 that MC3362 receives ic circuit N3, receiving antenna X1 (RFIN), stabilivolt G3, G4, G5, resistance R 7, R8, R9, R17, capacitor C 8, C9, C10, C20, C21, C23, C24, C25, C26, C27, C28, C11, inductance L 1, L2 etc.; AC/DC change-over circuit M10 comprises conversion integrated package (N4B) LM358, diode V2, V3, V4, resistance R 18, R19, R20, R21, R22, R23, capacitor C 12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, A/D conversion circuit M11 comprises modular converter MC1433, LM385-12 (V3), resistance R 13, R14, R15, R16, R11, R12, capacitor C 18 etc., buffered sample controll block M12 comprises buffering integrated package HC245 (D3) etc.; PS1016 curing BASIC single-chip microcomputer (D2) reaches in the repeatedly erasable EEPROM module has storage block D1 (24LC168B), serial port X2, reading and writing mouth X3, X4 and resistance R 4, R5, capacitor C 5, C6, C7 diode V1, commutator tube G2 etc.; Nixie display comprises three LED charactron H1, H2, H3, and model is E10401-J-F.
The present invention is through on-site verification, and accuracy, the continuity of measuring water percentage are all better, to detecting soil moisture, irrigates in good time, and the control irrigation water all has better effect to reach water for economy thereby reduce planting cost.China is large agricultural country, and the present invention's application agriculturally has very wide prospect.
Claims (12)
1. distant reading type soil moisture tester, comprise transmitter and receiver, it is characterized in that transmitter comprises AC impedance formula probe (M4), Wen's oscillator (M2), attenuator (M3), reverse inter-input-ing voltage amplifier (M5), bandpass filter (M6), clocked flip-flop (M1) and signal projector (M7), 400Hz simple alternating current ripple input probe (M4) after attenuator (M3) decay by wen-bridge oscillator (M2) generation, after reverse inter-input-ing voltage amplifier (M5) amplification and bandpass filter (M6) filtering, input to the 5th pin of the MC2833 emission integrated package in the signal projector (M7) then, radiate by the 9th pin to 49.7MHZ through frequency multiplication, receiver comprises power circuit (M8), signal receiving circuit (M9), AC/DC conversion and regulator rectifier circuit (M10), A/D conversion circuit (M11), buffered sample controll block (M12), PS1016 solidifies single-chip microcomputer and erasable EPROM (M13), nixie display (M14), transmit and export by 13 pin by the reception of MC3362 reception integrated package 1 pin through signal receiver (M9), behind AC/DC conversion and regulator rectifier circuit (M10), enter the HC245 buffering integrated package control sampling of buffered sample controll block (M12) again through A/D conversion circuit (M11) conversion, the water percentage of calculating respectively of process PS1016 drives nixie display (M14).
2. a kind of distant reading type soil moisture tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned AC impedance formula probe (M4) is a rectangular box, wherein the rectangular box upper and lower surface is insulating material (3), the side relative position is that two capacitor boards (2), other two relative positions are gauze (4), is filled with the nonpolar particle of particle diameter greater than the gauze aperture in the rectangular box.
3. a kind of distant reading type soil moisture tester according to claim 1, the circuit part that it is characterized in that above-mentioned transmitter is contained in the seal, the sealing body comprises shell (11), antenna (12), circuit board (14), encapsulant (13), lead-in wire (10), (15), circuit board holder (16).
4. a kind of distant reading type soil moisture tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that Wen's oscillator (M2) in the above-mentioned transmitter circuit, attenuator (M3), reverse inter-input-ing voltage amplifier (M5) and bandpass filter (M6) are is major component with the LM324 operational amplifier, cooperate peripheral resistance, electric capacity to constitute, to realize function separately.
5. distant reading type soil moisture tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the clocked flip-flop (M1) in the above-mentioned transmitter comprises that model is resistance, the electric capacity of single-chip microcomputer, battery G1, TPS1100DRMOS pipe and the periphery of PIC12C508, realizes regularly triggering.
6. a kind of distant reading type soil moisture tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that the signal projector (M7) in the above-mentioned transmitter comprises emission integrated package, antenna (X3) and auxiliary resistance, electric capacity, inductance element.
7. a kind of distant reading type soil moisture tester according to claim 1, the signal receiving circuit (M9) that it is characterized in that above-mentioned receiver comprises receiving antenna (X1), receiving integrate circuit MC3362, antenna receiving signal is by the 1 pin input of MC3362, a series of processing are exported the signal of reduction by 13 pin through inside, comprise also in it that inductance supporting with MC3362, resistance, electric capacity are to realize the receiving function of signal.
8. a kind of distant reading type soil moisture tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that AC/DC conversion and rectification circuit (M10) in the above-mentioned receiver comprise conversion integrated package LM358, diode V2, V3, V4 and corresponding resistance, electric capacity, to realize the function of conversion, rectification.
9. a kind of distant reading type soil moisture tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that the major component of the A/D conversion circuit (M11) of above-mentioned receiver is the MC14433 converter ic.
10. a kind of distant reading type soil moisture tester according to claim 1, the major component that it is characterized in that the buffered sample controll block (M12) of above-mentioned receiver are HC245 buffering integrated packages.
11. according to claim 1 or 10 described a kind of distant reading type soil moisture testers, it is characterized in that three LED charactrons of above-mentioned nixie display (M14), join with HC245 and PS1016.
12. a kind of distant reading type soil moisture tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned AC impedance formula probe (M4) is a right cylinder, cylindrical axis is a utmost point (5) of electrode column, its outer rim is as another utmost point (8), cylindrical top and bottom is sealed by insulating material (7), leaded on outer rim and the axis (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98115336 CN1092334C (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1998-06-18 | Remote soil moisture measurer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98115336 CN1092334C (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1998-06-18 | Remote soil moisture measurer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1222676A true CN1222676A (en) | 1999-07-14 |
| CN1092334C CN1092334C (en) | 2002-10-09 |
Family
ID=5224517
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98115336 Expired - Fee Related CN1092334C (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1998-06-18 | Remote soil moisture measurer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1092334C (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100405048C (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2008-07-23 | 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 | Automatic determination device of soil moisture solute moving parameter |
| CN101236188B (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2011-04-13 | 北京林业大学 | Soil moisture wireless measuring apparatus |
| US9797814B2 (en) | 2011-06-12 | 2017-10-24 | Adi Mottes | Probe for in situ monitoring the electrical conductivity of soil solutions |
-
1998
- 1998-06-18 CN CN 98115336 patent/CN1092334C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100405048C (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2008-07-23 | 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 | Automatic determination device of soil moisture solute moving parameter |
| CN101236188B (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2011-04-13 | 北京林业大学 | Soil moisture wireless measuring apparatus |
| US9797814B2 (en) | 2011-06-12 | 2017-10-24 | Adi Mottes | Probe for in situ monitoring the electrical conductivity of soil solutions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1092334C (en) | 2002-10-09 |
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