CN1222248A - Multiple reflection electrodeless lamp with sulfur or sellenium filland method for providing radiation using such a lamp - Google Patents
Multiple reflection electrodeless lamp with sulfur or sellenium filland method for providing radiation using such a lamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN1222248A CN1222248A CN97195109A CN97195109A CN1222248A CN 1222248 A CN1222248 A CN 1222248A CN 97195109 A CN97195109 A CN 97195109A CN 97195109 A CN97195109 A CN 97195109A CN 1222248 A CN1222248 A CN 1222248A
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Abstract
A method wherein the light in a sulfur or selenium lamp is reflected through the fill a multiplicity of times to convert ultraviolet radiation to visible. A light emitting device comprised of an electrodeless envelope which bears a light reflecting covering around a first portion which does not crack due to differential thermal expansion and which has a second portion which comprises a light transmissive aperture.
Description
The application is the renewal application of the 08/656th, No. 381 U. S. application of submission on May 31st, 1996.
The present invention is directed to a kind of improving one's methods and being used to provide the improved bulb and the lamp of this light of visible light that produce.
The No.5 that merges by reference here, 404, No. 076 and 5,606, No. 220 United States Patent (USP)s and WO92/08240 PCT announce and have disclosed the lamp that is used to provide visible light that this lamp use is based on the filler of sulphur and selenium.Also the U. S. application that here awaits the reply for the 08/324th, No. 149 of submission in the 17 days October in 1994 of merging has by reference disclosed the lamp that similarly is used to provide visible light, and this lamp uses the filler based on tellurium.
These sulphur of the prior art, selenium and tellurium lamp are with the high-effect light with good color rendition index that provides.In addition, the electrodeless formation of these lamps has the very long life-span.
The rotation bulb that the embodiment of the sulphur of most of reality, selenium and tellurium lamp needs is suitably to work.This is disclosed in during No. 94/084309 PCT of WO announces, wherein points out, when bulb without spin, produces that isolate or thread discharge, and this discharge is not full of the inside of bulb basically.
Usually the rotation that exists in the prior art requires to have introduced some complicated factors.Therefore, bulb rotates with motor, this motor have potential out of order may, and this life-span factor that is a restriction to lamp.In addition, need extra parts, make the manufacturing lamp more complicated thus, and need have more spare part.Thus, be desirable to provide the advantage that both provides original sulphur, selenium and tellurium lamp, and don't need the lamp of rotation.
Disclose a kind of Dewar lamp during No. 95/28069 PCT of WO announces, be used for planning to remove rotation.But a problem of this Dewar structure is, its utilize electroplate on bulb around and central electrode, and central electrode be easy to overheated.
The invention provides and use in a kind of method that produces visible light and this method, eliminate or reduced bulb and lamp to the needs of rotation bulb.
The present invention is providing bigger flexible design aspect the active material of the sulphur, selenium and the tellurium filler that provide the bulb that compared with prior art has littler size and/or utilization to have less dense, and it still can provide the output of main visible light.For example, this point is convenient to supply with lower-power lamps, and this helps to use littler bulb.These characteristics of the present invention can be used together with its its feature, or use independently.For example, can provide and not rotate littler bulb, or the littler bulb of rotation is provided.
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method, this method is utilized a kind of lamp filler, and this filler comprises at least a material of selecting from sulphur and selenium when excitation; The exciter filler is so that described sulphur or selenium produce radiation, this radiation comprises quite huge spectral power component in the ultraviolet range of spectrum, and the spectral power component in the visible region of spectrum, radiation is passed the filler reflection repeatedly in involved space, thus the partial radiation in the spectrum middle-ultraviolet lamp zone is transformed into the radiation in the visible region of spectrum, reflection takes place such as fruit in its visible radiation and visible radiation when not changing is bigger.At last, visible radiation is launched from the space that comprises.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the excitation filler, make sulphur or selenium produce the spectral power component in ultraviolet ray, and produce the spectral power component in the visible region, wherein repeatedly reflection causes the size of the ultraviolet spectral component that reduces littler by 50% than original component at least.
In No. 93/21655 PCT of WO announces, disclosed sulphur and selenium lamp, wherein light is reflected back toward bulb, to reduce radiative colour temperature, perhaps makes its more closely similar black body radiation.Different with the present invention, in prior art system, it is the radiation with (or higher) spectrum output of sizable visible light, and this radiation is reflected to produce the spectrum output of another visible light, and this spectrum output has more spectral power in the ruddiness zone.Be with the difference of prior art, among the present invention, the radiation that is reflected in the ultraviolet range, have sizable spectral power component (that is, at least the ultraviolet ray and visible light power total amount 10%), a part wherein is converted to visible light.This just ultraviolet ray by repeatedly reflection among the present invention is to the conversion of visible light, allows miniature bulb to replace bigger bulb and/or uses the active material of less dense, allows to obtain stable work and do not rotate bulb.
Pass the repeatedly reflection of filler and be mapped to the outside at last because method of the present invention comprises light, people plan to use a kind of bulb, and it has reflector layer around the quartz except that the small-bore, and light penetrates by described aperture.This " aperture lamp " (aperture lamp) is known in the prior art, and at the Re34 of Robers, example shown in 492 United States Patent (USP)s.
The patent of Roberts has disclosed a kind of electrodeless spherical housing, on it except with aperture that photoconduction is aimed at have reflective coating.But, have been found that as commerce use like that in using, the structure of Roberts is not suitable for implementing method of the present invention.This is because it has used coating on the shell of lamp.When bulb heating in use, the different thermal coefficient of expansion of quartz container and coating breaks coating.Therefore the life-span of bulb is very limited.Also have, coating is thick inadequately usually, and the size of the required reflectivity of enough wavelength Conversion from the ultraviolet ray to the visible light can not be provided.
According to an aspect of the present invention, these problems are by using the reflection silicate lining layer of a diffusion to solve for bulb, and it contacts a position with shell at least, and can not break because of different thermal expansions.In first embodiment, cover layer comprises the sheath body that is different from coating, and this sheath body is not adhered to bulb.Also have, sheath body is done enough thickly, so that sufficiently high reflectivity to be provided, with the wavelength Conversion of need implementing.In a second embodiment, the cover layer of reflection bulb is by making with the bulb identical materials, thus the problem that does not produce because of different thermal expansions.In this embodiment, cover layer can also be got the form of inadhering sheath body.In another embodiment, the reflective powder of diffusion is set between sheath body and bulb.
To understand the present invention better by the reference accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the lamp that has in the prior art based on the filler of sulphur, selenium or tellurium;
Fig. 2 illustrates the aperture lamp;
Fig. 3 illustrates electrodeless according to an embodiment of the invention bulb;
Figure 4 and 5 illustrate a kind of special tectonic;
Fig. 6 to 8 illustrates other embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 and 10 illustrates the use in diffusion hole;
Figure 11 to 13 illustrates other design in diffusion hole;
Figure 14 to 16 illustrates other embodiment of the present invention;
The embodiment that Figure 17 illustrates microwave lamp covering is arranged and do not have between the obducent bulb normalization spectrum relatively;
The embodiment that Figure 18 illustrates microwave lamp covering is arranged and do not have between the obducent bulb spectrum relatively;
The embodiment that Figure 19 illustrates the R.F. lamp has covering and does not have normalized spectrum comparison between the obducent bulb;
The embodiment that Figure 20 illustrates the R.F. lamp covering is arranged and do not have between the obducent bulb spectrum relatively.
With reference to Fig. 1, the lamp that has filler in a kind of prior art has been described, filler comprises sulphur, selenium or tellurium when excitation.As what describe in the patent of mentioning in the above of here including by reference, the only molecular radiation that provides, this radiation is mainly in the visible region of spectrum.
Microwave power is produced by magnetron 36, and waveguide 38 is sent to this power in the slit (not shown) in the wall of chamber, and wherein power is linked the chamber from this slit coupling, particularly is coupled to the filler in the bulb 30,
Before sulphur, selenium and the tellurium lamp of the invention described above, the molecular spectrum of these materials that produced by lamp of the prior art is considered to mainly in the ultraviolet range.In the process that sulphur, selenium and the tellurium lamp described by reference Fig. 1 carry out, originally be similar to the radiation of lamp of the prior art by elementary sulfur, selenium and tellurium (being referred to as " active material " here) radiation that provides, that is, mainly in the ultraviolet range.But, when radiation when it passes filler to the route of glass bubble wall, this radiation is by absorbing and reradiative process mainly is converted to visible radiation.The amount that shifts directly and optical path length, that is, it is relevant that the density of active material multiply by the diameter of bulb in the filler.If use less bulb, then must provide the active material of higher density, with the visible radiation that produce to need effectively, and if when using bigger bulb, then can use more low-density these materials.
According to an aspect of the present invention, reflect this radiation increasing optical length greatly by after originally radiation passes filler, repeatedly passing filler, and do not increase the diameter of bulb.In addition, the density of active material and the size of bulb are enough little, thereby pass filler at first and spectral power component that the radiation that just is being reflected can have in the ultraviolet range.That is, at reflex time repeatedly not, the spectrum that comes out from lamps emission is to accept to us the application of visible lamp.But because repeatedly reflection, ultraviolet radiation is converted into visible light, and this has produced better spectrum.The repeatedly reflection of passing filler allows to use the active material of less density, provides acceptable spectrum to any given application.Also have, the filler of less density has less electrical impedance, and this provides better microwave or R.F. coupling to filler in many examples.The work of the active material of this less density has promoted steady operation, rotates even without bulb.In addition, use the adaptability that has increased design than the ability of miniature bulb, and for example, be convenient to supply the lamp of lower-wattage.As used herein, term " microwave " refers to the frequency band higher than the frequency band of " R.F. ".
As mentioned above, because method of the present invention is transmitted into the repeatedly reflection that needs to pass filler before the outside at light, old friends plan to use the bulb that has the reflector on it except an aperture, and light penetrates from this aperture.Such lamp (being disclosed in 34, No. 492 patents of RE of people such as Robert) is shown among Fig. 2.With reference to Fig. 2, spherical glass bubble or bulb 9 (it is typically made by quartz) comprise a kind of discharge filler 3 that forms.The glass bubble has reflector 1 on the whole surface except aperture 2, aperture 2 is aimed at photoconduction 4.
But, as mentioned above, find because the structure of Robert has been used the coating (it is different from the material of bulb) that adhered to originally, so it is not suitable for implementing method of the present invention.When bulb in general commerce is used during heating, quartzy glass bubble breaks coating with the different thermal coefficient of expansion of coating.Therefore, the life-span of device is by very limited.Also have, coating is not thick in the size that is enough to be provided as the required reflectivity of the suitable wavelength Conversion that provides from the ultraviolet ray to the visible light usually.
With reference to Fig. 3, described a kind ofly according to embodiments of the invention, this embodiment solves these problems.The bulb 40 of enclosing filler 42 is centered on by inadhering reflection sheath body 44.Sheath body is made enough thickly, so that sufficiently high ultraviolet reflection rate to be provided, to carry out required wavelength Conversion.Air-gap 46 is arranged between bulb and sheath body, and its order of magnitude can be a few some thousandths of inches.Sheath body contacts with bulb at the minimum place of a position, and can contact with bulb in a plurality of positions.An aperture 48 is arranged, and light just penetrates by this aperture.Because sheath body also is not adhered to bulb, thus thermal expansions different under working temperature can be adapted to, and sheath body is broken.
According to another embodiment of the invention, diffuse reflective powder (such as alum clay or other powder) can be used to fill the space between sheath body and the bulb.In this case, the space can be wideer.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, use the reflection cover layer of the ceramic bulb of doing, it is by making with the bulb identical materials.Therefore, the problem that does not have different heat expansion.This cover layer is structure so, thereby is not adhered to bulb.
In a kind of method that constitutes sheath body, directly on the bulb of sphere, make sintered body.Be powder when it begins, but be heated and exert pressure, so that form solid through sintering.Owing to do not adhere to, so it can disintegrate when sheath body breaks.Suitable material is the alum clay and the tripoli of powdered, or their combination.Sheath body is made enough thickly, and so that required UV and visible reflectance described here to be provided, and it generally is thicker than 0.5mm, and up to about 2 to 3mm, this is much thicker than coating.
The structure of sheath body is described with reference to Figure 4 and 5.In this case, sheath body and bulb separately form.The quartz bulb blow molding is spherical, and this has caused OD (overall diameter) and wall thickness are carried out the bulb of size Control.To fill pipe when molded installs on the globular bulb.For example, 7mmOD and wall thickness 0.5mm, and be filled with in the equipment of bulb electric induction coupling of Xe of the Se of 0.05mg and 500Toor and work.Remove and fill pipe, thereby bulb only keeps short ledge.The height reflection alum clay (Al that sheath body is crossed by sintering slightly
2O
3) two 44A that make and 44B form, as shown in the figure.The particle size distribution of case material and crystal structure must be able to provide the optical property that needs.Pulverous alum clay is sold by different manufacturer, and for example, the trade mark of being sold by Nichia AmericaCorp. is that the alum clay of NP999-42 is fit to.Accompanying drawing is the sectional view (by the center intercepting of bulb) of bulb, sheath body and aperture.Not shown sealed-off (tip-off) head.The ID (interior diameter) of sheath body is spherical near sealed-off the regional (not shown).The sheath body that partially sinters is sintered to such degree, and the constriction (necking) (connection between the particle) of particle can be observed on minute yardstick.Sintering is by the required thermal conductivity domination of passing through pottery.The purpose of constriction is to strengthen heat conduction, and only the reflectivity of pottery is produced the influence of minimum.Pottery two halves slit bamboo or chopped wood cooperates very tight, and can be lumped together by mechanical device, and or can stick together with for example General Electric Arc Tube Coating No.113-7-38.Select sheath body ID and bulb OD, thereby the average air crack allows enough heats to conduct from bulb, and be the thickness that required reflectivity is selected pottery.Bulb it with the air-gap of some thousandths of inch with have only the minimum ceramic thickness work of 1mm.
In another above-mentioned embodiment, the material that is used for bulb is quartzy (SIO
2), and the reflection cover layer is tripoli (SiO
2).Because material is identical, so there is not the problem of different thermal expansions.The crystalline attitude of tripoli right and wrong, and constitute by the small pieces that fuse together slightly.It is made enough thick, reaching the reflectivity that needs, and is white.Can also use tripoli with inadhering sheath body form.
Though when use mentioned based on the filler of sulphur, selenium and tellurium the time when the special adaptability that has of the equipment aspect (and in conjunction with Fig. 6 to 13) of the invention described above, but they have and the irrelevant advantage of filler, thereby advantageously (to comprise various metal halide fills with any filler, such as tin halides, indium halide, gallium halide, halogenation bromine (for example, iodide) and halogenation thallium) use together.
When the filler based on sulphur and selenium together used, the material of the sheath body 44 among Fig. 3 was high the reflection in ultraviolet ray and visible region, and has lower absorptivity in these zones, and also preferable at infrared spectral range.Coating reflects all ultraviolet ray and visible radiations of penetrating thereon haply, at least in the scope between 330nm and 730nm (UV and visible light), this means sheath body at the reflectivity of the ultraviolet ray of spectrum and visible light part greater than 85%.Such reflectivity is more preferably greater than 97% better, more preferably greater than 99%.Reflectivity is defined in the total part that turns back to the radiant power of inner incident in the scope of above-mentioned wavelength, and this radiation people need high reflectivity, because any loss of light all will be multiply by the number of times of reflection.Sheath body 10 is the diffuse reflection part of radiation preferably, but also can be the direct reflection part.The radiation of sheath body reflection incident, and no matter incidence angle how.Above-mentioned reflectivity percentages preferably extends to low 330nm wavelength far away, and is for example low to 250nm, preferably low to 220nm.
Though optional, concerning sheath body, in infrared spectral range it to have reflectivity also be favourable, thereby preferable material all is high reflectance from the far ultraviolet to the infrared ray.People need high infrared reflection rate, because it has improved energy balance, and allow to work under lower power.Sheath body also must can be stood the high temperature that produces in the bulb.As mentioned above, alum clay and tripoli are suitable materials, and occur with the form of sheath body, and this sheath body is enough thick, so that required reflectivity and structural rigidity to be provided.
As mentioned above, in the work of the bulb that uses sulphur or selenium, the effect of much bigger bulb has been simulated in the repeatedly reflection of radiation, allowed at active material than under the low-density and/or with littler bulb work by sheath body.Each of photon set absorbs and emission again (comprise and be reflected haply for ultraviolet radiation corresponding those) cause the transfer of spectral power, distribute with the wavelength direction of Xiang Gengchang.The average of photon reflection in bulb glass bubble is big more, and then absorption/reradiative number is big more, thereby that obtain moves big more with spectrum photon correlation.Spectrum moves the vibration temperature decision by the activation kind.
Though described the aperture 48 that hides without sheath body among Fig. 3, it preferably is provided with a kind of material, this material has high ultraviolet reflection rate, but to the transparency height of visible radiation.A kind of example of this material is the multilayer dielectricity lamination, and this lamination has required optical property.
Parameter alpha is defined as the surface area of aperture and the ratio of the reflecting surface gross area (area that comprises aperture).So α can get near zero value (for very little hole) to 0.5 (bulb of sheath body being arranged for half).Preferable α has value in 0.02 to 0.3 scope for many application.Depend on special application, the ratio outside this scope also can be worked, but may be not too effective.Typically, littler α value generally will increase brightness, reduce Bao Wen, and reduce usefulness.Therefore, an advantage of the invention is the light source that can provide very bright.
Another embodiment shown in Fig. 6, this embodiment utilizes the optical port of optical fiber 14 forms, and this optical fiber and aperture 12 join.The area of aperture is considered to the sectional area of port.Irreflexive sheath body 10 is centered around around the bulb 19 in the embodiment of Fig. 6.
Another embodiment shown in Fig. 7, the part that wherein is similar among Fig. 6 is represented by similar label.The port of the light that joins with reference to Fig. 7 and aperture 12 ' is compound parabolic cylindrical reflector (CPC) 70, road as known, and the CPC cross section is rendered as two parabola parts that tilt mutually with an inclination angle.It will have light that the angle of from 0 to 90 degree distributes change into much smaller angle distribute (for example 0 to 10 degree or still less (maximum of off-normal is 10 degree)) be effective.CPC can be reflector of working in the air or the refractor that uses inner full-reflection.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, can arrange CPC, for example, by covering reflection CPC inner surface, so that uv reflectance and visible light are provided with end face 72 simultaneously, it passes through visible light, but this end face 72 can construct or cover with undesired radial component reflected back aperture.These undesired components for example can (but being not limited to) comprise the spatial orientation of special wavelength region may, special polarization and light.Surface 72 is shown dash line, means that it had both made radiation pass through, and also makes the radiation reflection.
Fig. 8 is another embodiment that utilizes CPC.In this embodiment, the same among bulb and Fig. 7, but optical port is an optical fiber 14 ", it presents CPC70.In the embodiment of Fig. 8, to compare with the embodiment of Fig. 7, the heat of arrival CPC is still less.
Problem among the embodiment of Fig. 6 to 8 is between bulb and optical port the intersection is arranged, and light spills in this intersection.
With reference to Fig. 3, this problem can solve as optical port by the inside diffuse reflection wall 47 that the sheath body in the aperture front portion is formed the hole.Thus, with reference to Fig. 9, optical fiber 80 is arranged on front, diffusion hole, and in Figure 10, solid or reflective optical devices 82 (for example, CPC) are arranged on the front portion in hole.Light passes through the hole diffusion, and enters optical fiber or other optical element smoothly, and does not run into any unexpected intersection.Depend on application, the diameter of optical element can be bigger, littler or identical with the diameter in hole.
With the diffusion hole do long enough, thereby make the light randomization, but be not to look too many light is absorbed.Figure 11 to 13 illustrates the design in various holes.In Figure 11, sheath body 92 has hole 92, has wherein presented flat front surface.In Figure 12, sheath body 91 has hole 93, and this hole 93 extends beyond the thickness of sheath body.Among Figure 13, sheath body 95 has hole 97 and progressive thickness zone 98.Typically, the cross sectional shape in hole is circular, but can be other shape of rectangle or certain.Internal reflective walls can be assembled or disperse, and the design in these holes is illustrative, other design occurs and is fine concerning the people who is familiar with this area.
With reference to Fig. 3,9,10 and 11, reflector 49 (96 among Figure 11) is shown.Reflector place with or approach to contact with sheath body 44, and its function is near the light that spills at or near the interface that is reflected in the hole.Though reflector is that optionally people want to improve its performance.The light that reflected back enters in the pottery of near interface mainly will return aperture or bulb (unless losing because be absorbed).The radial dimension of reflector 49 (have in the hole under the situation of circular section, reflector will be an annular, and size will be " radially ") answers the height in hole 47 approximately identical or littler.In visible light, it is the quartz with overwrite media lamination preferably.
Figure 14 has described one embodiment of the present of invention, and its middle-ultraviolet lamp/visible light reflection cover layer 51 is positioned on the wall of metal shell 52.Be not reflect tectal bulb 50 in shell.Net 54 (it also is an aperture) makes this shell complete.Reflecting surface generation of forced light penetrates by web area.Shell can be a microwave resonator, and can introduce microwave excitation by the coupling slot in the chamber for example.In a kind of replacement method, microwave or R.F. power can apply by induction type, and in this case, shell needs not to be resonant cavity, but effective shielding can be provided.
The embodiment that effective shielding is provided has been shown among Figure 15.Bulb is similar to the bulb among the embodiment that describes with reference to Fig. 3, though in this specific embodiment, it has than bigger α shown in Figure 3.It is by microwave or R.F. power supply energy, and excitation is round the coupling coil 62 (illustrating with sectional view) of bulb.(except the zone around the optical port 69) Faraday shield 60 is used for electromagnetic shielding around device.If desired, lossy ferrite or other magnetic shielding material can be arranged on the outside of shell 60, so that extra shielding to be provided.In other embodiments, other optical element can be communicated with aperture, and in this case, Faraday shield will comprise this device except the zone around the optical element.The opening of sealing box is enough little, thereby it surpasses cutoff.In the filler density of active material can with changing identical the value in the low-down density value as standard value.
Though the present invention can produce stable visible light, and does not need to rotate bulb, in some applications, the bulb rotation may need.The embodiment of Figure 16 has described how to realize this needs.With reference to accompanying drawing, implement rotation by air turbine, so that block visible light not.Air bearing shown in the figure 7 and air inlet 8, and will deliver to air inlet from the air of air turbine (not shown).
Though combined the enforcement that reflection medium on the bulb or inner screening can have been described method of the present invention aspect, it so do not limit unique need be for the reflection medium so be set, thereby reflected radiation by filler repeatedly.For example, dielectric reflector can be arranged on the outside of bulb.Also have, have among the embodiment of microwave cavity of coupling slot in use, can be by avoid the loss of light with dieletric reflection cover layer covering groove.
Describe the principle of above-mentioned wavelength Conversion below with reference to Figure 17, Figure 17 has described the spectrum of bulb in ultraviolet ray and visible region of each electrodeless lamp that comprises the sulphur filler.Spectrum A is from having low sulphur filler density (approximately 0.43mg/cc), and does not have and obtain in any reflection sheath body and the obducent bulb.See to draw that the part of the radiation of coming out from lamps emission (is defined as below 370nm) here the ultraviolet range.
On the other hand, obtain with the same bulb that reflection is provided repeatedly according to an aspect of the present invention by covering from having for spectrum B.As can be seen, the more radiation of vast scale is arranged, and ultraviolet radiation reduces (surpassing) 50% at least in the visible region of spectrum B.
Though description of spectrum B is suitable for some and uses among Figure 17, has the more cover layer of high reflectance by use, can access and have the bigger visible light of accounting example and make the littler ultraviolet spectrum of ratio.As mentioned above, aperture is more little, and the relative visible light of generation is many more, but usefulness is low more.An advantage of the invention is by doing aperture very little the light source that can obtain becoming clear, for example useful light source in some projection application.In this case, obtain higher brightness with lower usefulness.
At the lamp that is used for obtaining spectrum B, globular bulb (ID is 33mm, and OD the is 35mm) packed density of being made by quartz is the sulphur of 0.43mg/cc and the argon of 50toor.Be used for Figure 17 and only be used to the method for the present invention of demonstrating to the bulb of Figure 20, and be have tectal.As mentioned above, use tectal bulb to be not used among the embodiment of a commerce because of life problems.Bulb among Figure 17 and 18 alum clay (G.E.LightingProduct No.113-7-38) cover layer (except orifice region), thickness is 0.18mm, and α is 0.02.Bulb is surrounded by the cylindrical microwave chamber, and this chamber has coupling slot and applies 400 watts the microwave power that applies, and this has caused power density is 21 to shoot a retrievable arrow watt/cc.
Spectrum among Figure 17 promptly, has at random been made the peak value of each spectrum equate by normalization.Bulb is not rotated in the work of the lamp of Figure 17 and Figure 18.The spectrum of non-normalizing is shown among Figure 18.
Figure 19 has described the spectrum A of the normalizing that does not have the sulphur of tectal R.F. energize lamp, and this lamp has significant spectral components in the ultraviolet range, and the spectrum B that obtains from the lamp of same small cup with reflective coatings.As can be seen, visible radiation accounting example is bigger in spectrum B.In this case, bulb is ID23mm, and OD is 25mm, and the sulphur packed density is the sulphur of 0.1mg/cc and the krypton of 100toor.At 220 watts of following energizes, power density is 35 watts/cc.Tectal bulb alum clay cover layer, thickness is about 0.4mm, and α is 0.07.Do not rotate bulb, the working stability of lamp, and the spectrum of non-normalizing shown in Figure 20.Though radiation has loss in reflection repeatedly, but the spectrum B that is non-normalizing seems than spectrum A height, this is because used detector is only faced toward by the part from the radiation of intectate lamps emission, but is faced toward by the bigger part of the radiation of launching from aperture.
Relatively Figure 18 and Figure 20 can notice that bigger α causes higher usefulness.With reference to Figure 18, notice that the output of the visible light in tectal bulb is arranged is lower than the output in the intectate bulb, this is because radiation has loss in reflection repeatedly; But reflection takes place such as fruit in the output of visible light and output when conversion from the ultraviolet ray to the visible light does not take place is bigger.
According to the present invention, in certain embodiments, bulb can use the active material more much lower than density in the prior art to fill.
The present invention can use difform bulb, for example spherical, cylindrical, oblate ellipsoid shape, annular or the like.Comprise as projection source with the lighting source that acts on general lighting according to the purposes of lamp of the present invention.
Should be noted that the bulb that different capacity can be provided, from lower power (for example 50 watts) to (comprising 1000 watts and 3000 watts) more than 300 watts.Because light can take out by optical port,, and can be used for the illumination (for example at office building) of profile by the light of port taking-up so the loss of light can be lower.
According to another aspect of the present invention, bulb described here and lamp can be as utilizing machine (recaptureengine) again, are transformed into visible light from the ultraviolet radiation in any source with being used for.For example, outside ultra-violet lamp can be provided, and will deliver to, deliver in the bulb described here by optical port from the light that this lamp emits.Bulb is converted to visible light with the ultraviolet ray emission then.
At last, though should be understood that and described the present invention in conjunction with illustrative embodiment concerning the people who is familiar with this area various variations to be arranged, therefore scope of the present invention is determined by appended claim.
Claims (50)
1. the method that radiation is provided is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The lamp filler is provided, and it comprises at least a material of selecting from the group of sulphur and selenium when excitation,
Encourage described lamp filler, so that described sulphur or selenium produce molecular radiation, described molecular radiation comprises sizable spectral power component and comprises the spectral power component in the visible region at spectrum in the ultraviolet range of spectrum,
In the space that comprises, pass the radiation that described filler repeatedly reflects described generation, because described sizable spectral power component is arranged in the ultraviolet range, the path that passes described filler is converted at least a portion radiation the radiation in the visible region effectively, cause radiation through conversion, described radiation constituting by ultraviolet radiation that reduces and visible radiation through conversion, this visible radiation such as fruit under the situation that does not have described conversion in from the ultraviolet range to the visible region, the visible radiation that the generation reflex time will have is bigger, and
From the described visible light of the described spatial emission that comprises.
2. the method for claim 1 it is characterized in that the described sizable spectral power component in the ultraviolet range of described spectrum has first value, and the described ultraviolet radiation that reduces is littler by 50% than described first value at least.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that having sizable spectral power component described in the ultraviolet range of described spectrum of described first value and be the radiation that in ultraviolet ray and visible region, produces the spectral power component summation at least 20%.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the described spectral power component in the visible region of spectrum has second value, and increase at least 50% of difference between the value of spectral power component of described first value and the described ultraviolet radiation that reduces from the described visible radiation that the described spatial emission that comprises is come out by described second value.
5. the method that radiation is provided is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The lamp filler is provided, and it comprises at least a material of selecting from the group of sulphur and selenium when excitation,
Encourage described lamp filler, so that described sulphur or selenium produce molecular radiation, described molecular radiation is included in spectral power component in the ultraviolet range of the spectrum with given value level and the spectral power component in the visible region of spectrum,
In the space that comprises, pass the radiation that described filler repeatedly reflects described generation, since the ultraviolet range have described in the spectral power component, the path that passes described filler is converted at least a portion radiation the radiation in the visible region effectively, cause radiation through conversion, described radiation through conversion is by having than described given ultraviolet radiation that reduces of value little at least 50% and constituting of visible radiation, this visible radiation is bigger such as the visible radiation that fruit will have when not having described conversion in from the ultraviolet range to the visible region, and
From the described visible light of the described spatial emission that comprises.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that the described spectral power component in the visible region of spectrum has a certain value, and the described visible radiation of coming out from the described spatial emission that comprises is increased at least 50% of difference between the value of spectral power component of described given value and the described ultraviolet radiation that reduces by described a certain value.
7. as claim 1 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that described at least a material is a sulphur.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that the described of conversion from described sulphur mainly is visible radiation through radiation.
9. as claim 1 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that described at least a material is a selenium.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that the described radiation through conversion from described selenium mainly is a visible radiation.
11., it is characterized in that described at least a material is sulphur and selenium as claim 1 or 5 described methods.
12., it is characterized in that the described radiation through conversion from described sulphur and selenium mainly is a visible radiation as 11 described methods of claim.
13., it is characterized in that the step of described reflection comprises reflection all described radiation in described spectrum ultraviolet range haply as claim 1 or 5 described methods.
14. as claim 1 or 5 described methods, the step that it is characterized in that described reflection comprises the described radiation more than 97% in the ultraviolet range of reflecting described spectrum.
15. as claim 1 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that the described space that comprises comprises glass bubble, described glass bubble comprises described lamp filler.
16. as claim 1 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that the described space that comprises comprises excitation cavity, in described excitation cavity, placed the glass bubble that comprises described lamp filler.
17. a light-emitting device is characterized in that comprising:
Electrodeless glass bubble comprises formation discharge filler, and described glass bubble has first and second parts, and
Be used to approach the diffuse reflection silicate lining layer of described first glass bubble part, it contacts a position of described glass bubble at least, and can not break under working temperature owing to the different thermal expansion between described glass bubble and the described cover layer,
The second portion of wherein said glass bubble comprises loophole, and described diffuse reflection silicate lining layer is by described loophole reverberation.
18. device as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that described diffuse reflection silicate lining layer comprises the sheath body that is not adhered to described glass bubble.
19. device as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that described sheath body contacts a plurality of positions of described glass bubble.
20. device as claimed in claim 19, those parts that it is characterized in that the described glass of not contacting of described sheath body bubble are steeped with described glass and are separated by in the some thousandths of inch.
21. device as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that described diffuse reflection silicate lining layer is used and the material identical materials of described glass bubble is made.
22. device as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that described material is a tripoli.
23. a light-emitting device is characterized in that comprising:
Electrodeless glass bubble comprises formation discharge filler, and this glass bubble has first and second parts,
The reflection sheath body that diffuses around the described first of described glass bubble, the described reflection sheath body that is not attached to described glass bubble contacts with it in a position of described glass bubble at least, and
The described second portion of described glass bubble comprises loophole, and described sheath body is by described loophole reverberation.
24. device as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that described glass bubble is made of described first and second parts.
25., it is characterized in that also comprising the optical port that extends from described aperture as claim 23 or 24 described devices.
26. device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that described sheath body contacts described glass bubble in a plurality of positions.
27. device as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that those parts of the described glass bubble of not contacting of described sheath body and described glass bubble separate the some thousandths of inch.
28. device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that described sheath body is the powder that sintering is crossed.
29. device as claimed in claim 25 it is characterized in that described glass bubble is spherical, and described sheath body is formed by semicircular two parts.
30. device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that described sheath body comprises the light diffusion hole, described hole comprises described optical port.
31. device as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that described hole long enough, so that enter the light randomization in described hole.
32. device as claimed in claim 31 is characterized in that described optical port comprises fiber optic component.
33. device as claimed in claim 31 is characterized in that described optical port comprises compound parabolic concentrator.
34. device as claimed in claim 25 comprises sulphur, selenium or tellurium when it is characterized in that described filler excited target, is used for mainly providing visible radiation.
35. device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that described sheath body makes with such material, and enough thick, thereby all visible lights incident thereon and ultraviolet radiation are reflected haply.
36. device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that and be used to providing the microwave or the R.F. generation device of electromagnetic power, and and to be used for described electromagnetic power is coupled to the device of filler of described glass bubble combined.
37. a light-emitting device is characterized in that comprising:
Involved filler, it comprises at least a material of selecting from the group of sulphur and selenium when excitation, and
Surround described filler, the shell that constitutes by first and second parts, in the described first of described shell or reflector on every side, it passes by reflecting all haply that filler incides ultraviolet ray on it and the material of visible radiation is made, the described second portion of wherein said shell comprises the small-bore, described aperture is not centered on by described reflector, and is transparent haply to visible light.
38. device as claimed in claim 37, it is characterized in that described material is occurring in the filler of excitation with predetermined quantity, and what described predetermined quantity and the combination of passing the described reflection of described filler were enough to produce in the visible light part of described spectrum mainly is molecular radiation institute spectrum, and this visible light part emits from described aperture.
39., it is characterized in that described material is a diffuse-reflective material as claim 37 or 38 described devices.
40. device as claimed in claim 39, it is characterized in that described diffuse-reflective material reflection incident thereon greater than 97% ultraviolet ray and visible radiation.
41. device as claimed in claim 40, it is characterized in that described diffuse-reflective material reflection incident thereon greater than 99% ultraviolet ray and visible radiation.
42. device as claimed in claim 39 is characterized in that the uv reflectance radiation haply of described aperture.
43. device as claimed in claim 41 is characterized in that described diffuse-reflective material comprises alum clay.
44. device as claimed in claim 39 is characterized in that described device is the bulb of electrodeless lamp, and described shell is the glass bubble that comprises described filler.
45. light-emitting device as claimed in claim 44, it is characterized in that described reflector comprises sheath body, described sheath body centers on the described first surface part of described glass bubble, and contacts the described first surface part of described glass bubble at least one position, but is not adhered to this place.
46. light-emitting device as claimed in claim 37 it is characterized in that described shell around described glass bubble, and be metal, and described reflector is on the inboard of described metal shell.
47. an electrodeless lamp is characterized in that comprising:
Comprise the glass bubble that forms the discharge filler,
The first of described glass bubble has light reflecting material,
The second portion of described glass bubble comprises an aperture,
Optical port with described aperture is aimed at reaches
Metal shell around described glass bubble, it seals except that the opening that described optical port extends, in described shell, approach the inductive couplings device of described glass bubble, and R.F. generation device, be used to encourage described inductive couplings device, it is with the filler in the described glass bubble of the described R.F. power degree of coupling.
48. an electrodeless lamp is characterized in that comprising:
Comprise the electrodeless glass bubble that forms the discharge filler, have first and second parts,
Around the shell of described first, and
Stay the diffuse reflective powder between described shell and the described glass bubble,
Wherein, the described second portion of described glass bubble comprises printing opacity and penetrates aperture, and described powder is by described aperture reverberation.
49. lamp as claimed in claim 48 is characterized in that described shell also made by diffuse-reflective material.
50. device as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that also comprising the reflection unit that is adjacent to described hole, is used for light reflected back hole at the interface, hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97195109A CN1222248A (en) | 1996-05-31 | 1997-05-29 | Multiple reflection electrodeless lamp with sulfur or sellenium filland method for providing radiation using such a lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/656,381 | 1996-05-31 | ||
| CN97195109A CN1222248A (en) | 1996-05-31 | 1997-05-29 | Multiple reflection electrodeless lamp with sulfur or sellenium filland method for providing radiation using such a lamp |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1222248A true CN1222248A (en) | 1999-07-07 |
Family
ID=5179159
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97195109A Pending CN1222248A (en) | 1996-05-31 | 1997-05-29 | Multiple reflection electrodeless lamp with sulfur or sellenium filland method for providing radiation using such a lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1222248A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103715059A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-09 | 福州市台江区振斌高效电磁聚能科技研究所 | High-brightness microwave lamp |
| CN108666202A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of microwave plasma device of non-rotating |
-
1997
- 1997-05-29 CN CN97195109A patent/CN1222248A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103715059A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-09 | 福州市台江区振斌高效电磁聚能科技研究所 | High-brightness microwave lamp |
| CN103715059B (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2016-02-10 | 长乐芯聚电子科技研究所 | High brightness microwave lamp |
| CN108666202A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of microwave plasma device of non-rotating |
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