CN1221681C - SUS 304 stainless steel with deep drawability - Google Patents
SUS 304 stainless steel with deep drawability Download PDFInfo
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- CN1221681C CN1221681C CN 02152646 CN02152646A CN1221681C CN 1221681 C CN1221681 C CN 1221681C CN 02152646 CN02152646 CN 02152646 CN 02152646 A CN02152646 A CN 02152646A CN 1221681 C CN1221681 C CN 1221681C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to SUS304 stainless steel with deep drawability. The weight percentage of Si elements is controlled to be not greater than 0.65%, copper elements whose weight percentage is from 0.8 to 2.0% is added, which enables a high temperature fertilizer grained iron phase value to be between 3.5 and 7.5, and the high temperature fertilizer grained iron phase value is 3.49x (chromium %t + molybdenum %t + 1.5x silicon %t)-2.5x (nickel %t + 30x carbon %t + 30x nitrogen %t + 0.5x manganese %t + 0.3x copper %t)-30.65, wherein %t represents weight percentage. When the SUS304 stainless steel is processed by deep punching and shaping, intermediate annealing and/or the stamping processing of heat insulation space does not needed so as to save operation time and processing cost.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stainless steel, particularly relate to a kind of SUS304 stainless steel (Steel Special-used Stainless 304) that meets JIS (JIS, Japanese Industrial Standards)
(2) background technology
The austenite stainless steel is good because of solidity to corrosion, and output is high than marquensite stainless steel and Ferritic stainless steel, and becomes the most widely used stainless material of impact briquetting.But, the austenite stainless steel is in the impact briquetting process, go out the key element existence because have compound, and make stainless steel itself produce marquensite metamorphosis, make in the impact briquetting process, must increase the process annealing processing procedure, or punch process between temperature, and impact briquetting operation process and time are increased, and raise the cost.
Generally speaking, the austenite stainless steel adds man-hour in deep-draw, and meeting cause ductility to reduce because hard Jie is too high at thing in the mother metal, reaches the elongation deficiency and exceeds the scope that mother metal can bear, and can't carry out deep-draw processing; And, stainless high temperature ferrite is worth mutually that (δ-ferrite) and deep-draw work range have extremely close related, therefore, be worth mutually if can properly control the stainless high temperature ferrite of austenite, steel billet takes place the fissured situation in the processing procedure except that avoiding, situation is split on limit in the time of simultaneously also can preventing hot rolling, and makes the austenite stainless steel meet the needs that the downstream industry deep-draw is processed, and helps to promote the yield of integral product.
The account form that industry was worth about the high temperature ferrite in the past mutually, be according to Di Long (Delong) experimental formula that organization chart drew, the high temperature ferrite is worth mutually=and (%t shows weight percent to 3.49x (chromium %t+ molybdenum %t+1.5x silicon %t)-2.5x (nickel %t+30x carbon %t+30x nitrogen %t+0.5x manganese %t)-30.65, below all identical), this experimental formula only provides a primary stainless steel high temperature ferrite phase value calculating method, ignoring the known interpolation copper of industry fully increases the stability of stainless steel Butterworth field phase, influence with the interpolation benefit of improving the stainless mechanical properties of austenite, and can't truly present the stainless mechanical properties of current austenite.
Owing to the above-mentioned account form little rough that can be worth mutually as the high temperature ferrite of austenite stainless steel research and development foundation fails to agree with the industry use, so, at present industry only becomes to be grouped into to meet the standard SUS304 stainless steel that JIS formulated, with the ferro element is the main component element, and the element silicon weight percent is not more than 1.0, the manganese element weight percent is not more than 2.0, the nickel element weight percent is between 8.0 to 10.0, chromium element wt per-cent is between 18.0 to 20.0, the carbon weight percent is not more than 0.08, the phosphoric weight percent is not more than 0.045, the element sulphur weight percent is not more than 0.03 moiety condition standard for researching and developing benchmark, attempt adding element a certain or that some is new, or change wherein certain specific composition element, for example the weight percent of nickel or element silicon at room temperature has deep drawing quality to produce, and must not increase the austenite stainless steel of punch process between process annealing processing procedure or temperature.
The Japanese Patent Laid communique is clear-43-8343 number, propose that a carbon weight percent is lower than 0.15, the nickel element weight percent between between 5.5 to 8.0, chromium element wt per-cent between 16.0 to 19.0, the copper weight percent is between 0.5 to 3.5, and the austenite stainless steel of nitrogen element wt per-cent between 0.04 to 0.1, make its anti-season-crack relatively poor yet carbon content is too high, copper content is too high simultaneously, and cause the hot workability variation, thereby can't be widely used in deep drawing quality processing.
Another kind of austenite stainless steel be disclosed in the open communique of Japanese Patent Laid clear-52-111941 number and clear-54-128919 number, its feature all is to add copper, and improve the manganese element weight percent, replacing original nickel element weight percent, and reach the purpose that reduces cost; But because the raising of manganese content can make its high temperature oxidation resistance reduce, and in hot rolling, produce surface imperfection because of high temperature oxidation, simultaneously, the work hardening rate when cold rolling also is higher than the SUS304 stainless steel, so this kind austenite stainless steel and fail to reach the goal of the invention that originally reduced cost.
Another trial be disclosed in the open communique of Japanese Patent Laid flat-1-92342 number, it is doped with titanium, the boron of trace, and the control processing procedure makes its oxygen that is less than 50ppm, and the calcium of 6.5ppm, and makes the peace and quiet steel of the repressed height of an inclusion; But the high peace and quiet steel of this kind must be used the aluminium element deoxidation, and adds calcium silicon line simultaneously adjusting its intermediary at the thing composition, and the rate of recovery of calcium silicon line and unstable, and must increase tap to tap time and raw materials cost thereof, so this kind mode also fails to be applicable to actual production.
Another austenite stainless steel patent is disclosed in the Japanese Patent Laid communique clear-55-89568 number, it contains weight percent between the nickel element between 6.0 to 9.0, weight percent copper, the aluminium element of weight percent between 0.5 to 3.0 between chromium element, weight percent between 16.0 to 19.0 little 3.0, and comprise two and be selected from weight percent and be lower than 0.2 to 1.0 niobium, titanium, Fan, Technetium, wish to improve whereby the stainless plasticity of this austenite; Yet because the aluminium too high levels, and make hard wherein be situated between in the very easy generation of thing, produce, cause the reduction of acceptance rate and make this austenite stainless steel when cold rolling, produce line defect.
In addition, the austenite stainless steel that referenced classes is seemingly formed notion still has the stainless steel that is disclosed in day disclosure special permission communique flat 9-13149 number, its contain weight percent between the chromium element between 15.0 to 19.0, weight percent between the nickel element between 6.05 to 10.0, weight percent between the copper between 1.0 to 4.0, the aluminium element of weight percent between 0.2 to 2.5, and following oxygen element of 20ppm and element sulphur below the 20ppm; Identical with the stainless shortcoming of above-mentioned austenite, this kind austenite stainless steel smelting cost is not only higher, also can generate hard simultaneously and be situated between at thing, and its plasticity is reduced.
Taiwan patent announcement application case number No. 83108310 " but having good impact briquetting characteristic; the austenite stainless steel and the manufacturing processed thereof of hot operability and high temperature oxidation resistance ", be to contain weight percent 0.1 to 2.0 manganese element, the chromium element of weight percent 16.0 to 18.0, the nickel element of weight percent 6.0 to 8.0,3 to 30ppm boron, the copper of weight percent 0.5 to 3.0, weight percent is less than 0.1 niobium element, the nitrogen element of weight percent 0.005 to 0.0045, and other comprise lead, bismuth, tellurium, antimony, tin, indispensable impurity element such as arsenic, become to be grouped into whereby, reach the goal of the invention of hot operability and anti-season-crack; But because the weight percent of its chromium, nickel element comparison standard SUS304 stainless steel is low, its erosion resistance thereby reduction are so also can't be widely used in industry.
It is above-mentioned to combine institute, the various austenite stainless steel that it is benchmark that though industry has proposed the various standard SUS304 stainless steel compositions of being formulated with JIS, wish its widespread use applicable to deep-draw processing, yet because above-mentioned various some one-tenth of austenite stainless steel is grouped into and exceeds the stainless specification of SUS304, ignore the importance that the stainless high temperature ferrite of control is worth mutually simultaneously, therefore still individual its specific shortcoming that has is certainly improved to treat research.
(3) summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of process annealing processing procedure that needn't pass through and to carry out deep-draw processing, and meet the standard SUS304 stainless steel that JIS is formulated.
For achieving the above object, a kind of SUS304 stainless steel of the present invention with deep drawing quality, comprise weight percent and be not more than 0.65 element silicon, and the copper of interpolation weight percent between 0.8 to 2.0, and the stainless high temperature ferrite of this SUS304 is worth mutually between 3.5 to 7.5, and this high temperature ferrite is worth=3.49x (chromium %t+ molybdenum %t+1.5x silicon %t)-2.5x (nickel %t+30x carbon %t+30x nitrogen %t+0.5x manganese %t+0.3x copper %t)-30.65 mutually, and wherein %t represents weight percent.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an experimental result broken line graph, illustrates that its index of delaminating dropped to below 0.42% by 3.17% when SUS304 stainless steel of the present invention was shaped to as yet not coil of strip through downstream deep-draw procedure for processing.
Fig. 2 is a synoptic diagram, and the test shape of carrying out the deep-draw moulding of deep-draw machining experiment time institute with SUS304 stainless steel of the present invention is described, reaches moulding lobe and smile crackle that the deep-draw moulding is produced.
Fig. 3 is an experimental result broken line graph, illustrates that the stainless high temperature ferrite of SUS304 of the present invention is worth the experimental result with elongation mutually.
Fig. 4 is an experimental result broken line graph, and SUS304 of the present invention and 304 stainless hardening curve comparative results in the past are described.
(5) embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
A kind of SUS304 stainless steel with deep drawing quality of the present invention is that to be worth account form mutually be rationale to the high temperature ferrite with existing Di Long organization chart gained, and study in great detail silicon content and harmful Jie in the stainless steel in the generation relation of thing, and the relation of copper addition and stainless steel grain structure structure, and can accurately estimate more that by deriving one in the actual processing procedure high temperature ferrite of stainless steel machinery character is worth calculation formula mutually, the high temperature ferrite is worth=3.49x (chromium %t+ molybdenum %t+1.5x silicon %t)-2.5x (nickel %t+30x carbon %t+30x nitrogen %t+0.5x manganese %t+0.3x copper %t)-30.65 mutually; Simultaneously, the stainless element silicon weight percent of control austenite is not more than 0.65, the copper weight percent is between 0.8 to 2.0, the wherein inevitable element sulphur weight percent of control is not more than 0.015 in addition, nitrogen element wt per-cent is not more than 0.1, and make residual boron content between 5-15ppm, (this one one-tenth be grouped into meet the stainless one-tenth of standard SUS304 that JIS formulates be grouped into specification), and make the high temperature ferrite be worth between 3.5 between 7.5 the time mutually, can be made into the present invention and have the SUS304 stainless steel of deep drawing quality, and can at room temperature need not carry out deep-draw processing through punch process between process annealing processing procedure or temperature.
Table 1 is that the stainless one-tenth of SUS304 that explanation the present invention has a deep drawing quality is grouped into table, illustrates that the one-tenth of each preferred embodiment is grouped into and deep-draw processing experiment result; The present invention has stainless one first preferred embodiment of SUS304 of deep drawing quality, it is the SUS304 stainless steel test specimen of test specimen numbering 03S23862 in the table, meet the standard that standard SUS304 stainless steel that former JIS formulates becomes to be grouped into, with the ferro element is the main component element, and controls as non-main trace element weight percents such as manganese, chromium, carbon, phosphorus, nickel, sulphur, nitrogen in meeting the JIS standard; Simultaneously, control element silicon weight percent 0.56, and the hard that reduces in the mother metal is situated between at thing, and add the copper of weight percent 0.99, the stainless high temperature ferrite of this SUS304 is worth mutually equals 6.38.
The present invention has stainless one second preferred embodiment of SUS304 of deep drawing quality, it is the SUS304 stainless steel test specimen of test specimen numbering 12S61541 in the table, similar to this first preferred embodiment, meet the standard that standard SUS304 stainless steel that former JIS formulates becomes to be grouped into, with the ferro element is the main component element, and controls as non-main trace element weight percents such as manganese, chromium, carbon, phosphorus, nickel, sulphur, nitrogen in meeting the JIS standard; And its difference is in, control element silicon weight percent 0.36, and the hard that reduces in the mother metal is situated between at thing, and adds the copper of weight percent 1.12, the stainless high temperature ferrite of this SUS304 is worth mutually equals 5.88.
The present invention has the SUS304 stainless steel of deep drawing quality, because the array mode of its moiety is numerous, only the composition with above-mentioned two preferred embodiments is combined as the example explanation, no longer adds explanation one by one for example; Also only enumerating wherein several test test specimens simultaneously in the table one is the example explanation, is familiar with this technology personage when knowing, the array mode of the stainless moiety of SUS304 of the present invention not with first and second preferred embodiment, reaches the experimental result that table one lifts and exceeds.
The smile crackle is one of major defect of stainless steel appearance in deep-draw processing, this generation of defects mainly is because hard Jie who exists in the mother metal causes at thing, because hard Jie is aluminium element in the main component of thing, and the ferrosilicon content positive correlation that is added in aluminium element content number and the mother metal, therefore silicone content is lower, represent that the be situated between probability that residues in the molten steel at thing of aluminiferous hard is also just low, and then can reduce deep-draw and add the probability that produces the smile crackle man-hour.
By shown in Fig. 1 experimental result as can be known, the present invention has the SUS304 stainless steel of deep drawing quality, in the promptly in the industry cycle existing vacuum refinement processing procedure, with a ferrosilicon constituent as reductive agent with the ferrosilicon content that added of control, and make the element silicon weight percent be not more than 0.65, and when the coil of strip that is shaped at first as yet not through downstream deep-draw procedure for processing, its index of delaminating (promptly detecting index in order to inspect contained Jie of coil of strip at one of thing) can be controlled in below 2.16%, and can be reduced to 0.42%.
In addition, the present invention is the mode of verification test with deep-draw moulding deep-draw cup, whether meets downstream stainless steel deep-draw processer real work demand to inspect stainless steel; This check system is than 3.82 (blanking diameters/finished product diapire diameter) the stainless steel deep-draw to be become a deep-draw cup 1 with deep-draw, see also shown in Figure 2, this deep-draw cup 1 has the diapire 11 of 60 millimeters of diameters, and the outer peripheral edges by this diapire 11 evenly extend upward 168 millimeters high periphery walls 12, and an apical margin of this periphery wall 12 defines the opening 13 of 85 millimeters of diameters, and checks deep-draw cup 1 diapire 11, the periphery wall 12 of each deep-draw moulding to have or not formation moulding lobe 200 and smile crackle 300 in the deep-draw process.Please consult table one simultaneously, the present invention has the SUS304 stainless steel of deep drawing quality when carrying out this deep-draw processing experiment, and the fraction defective that produces moulding lobe 200 and smile crackle 300 all is lower than 3%, has the favorable mechanical working properties.
By Fig. 3,4 as can be known, because the present invention controls copper content simultaneously, reach high temperature ferrite value value mutually, therefore not only can utilize an amount of copper content to promote the stability of austenite phase, slow down workhardness, avoid influencing the processing elongation simultaneously because of δ-f value is too high, and stainless steel more in the past has more favorable mechanical character, and then reduction makes the stainless breakage rate of SUS304 of the present invention far below receptible 3% standard of general downstream deep-draw processing business men because of the probability of moulding lobe 200 breakages.
It is above-mentioned to combine institute, the present invention has the SUS304 stainless steel of deep drawing quality, be really according to the processing procedure experience, and the calculation formula that correction high temperature ferrite is worth mutually, and study in great detail silicon content and harmful Jie in the stainless steel in the generation relation of thing, and the relation of copper addition and stainless steel grain structure structure, thereby control its high temperature ferrite and be worth mutually and make it between 3.5 to 7.5, make the SUS304 stainless steel that the present invention has deep drawing quality, the SUS304 stainless steel that makes the present invention have deep drawing quality not only meets the standard that standard SUS304 stainless steel that JIS formulates becomes to be grouped into, can at room temperature need not carry out deep-draw processing simultaneously through punch process between process annealing processing procedure or temperature, become to be grouped into and exceed the stainless specification of SUS304 and improve in the past the austenite stainless steel, ignore the importance that the stainless high temperature ferrite of control is worth mutually, to such an extent as to can't be widely used in the shortcoming of industry, and can reach the purpose of invention really.
| Try spare Knitting No. | Hua Learn composition (wt%) | Moulding Kang Longitudinal fragility | Moulding is smiled and is split ratio | |||
| Si | Cu | δ-f | ||||
| Embodiment | 03S23862 | 0.56 | 0.99 | 6.38 | ○ | ○ |
| 05S31612 | 0.55 | 1.17 | 6.72 | ○ | ○ | |
| 06S34622 | 0.52 | 1.08 | 6.43 | ○ | ○ | |
| 07S38073 | 0.52 | 1.08 | 6.43 | ○ | ○ | |
| 0BS50437 | 0.38 | 1.11 | 4.05 | ○ | ○ | |
| 0CS53802 | 0.39 | 1.2 | 5.95 | ○ | ○ | |
| 12S61541 | 0.36 | 1.12 | 5.88 | ○ | ○ | |
| 14S68140 | 0.38 | 1.07 | 4.28 | ○ | ○ | |
| Bi More example | 9BS11903 | 0.66 | 1.0 | 6.00 | ○ | × |
| 97S68231 | 0.65 | 1.12 | 7.1 | ○ | × | |
| 97S68397 | 0.66 | 1.16 | 7.6 | △ | × | |
| 03S23120 | 0.62 | 0.14 | 7.75 | △ | △ | |
| 05S31200 | 0.56 | 0.13 | 8.84 | × | ○ | |
| 96S66428 | 0.60 | 0.18 | 9.96 | × | △ | |
| 96S65764 | 0.62 | 0.22 | 10.98 | × | △ | |
Zero: the little what 3% of fraction defective
△: fraction defective 3～50%
*: the high what 50% of fraction defective
Table one
Claims (5)
1. SUS304 stainless steel with deep drawing quality is characterized in that this SUS304 stainless steel with deep drawing quality comprises:
Weight percent is not more than 0.65 element silicon; And
Add the copper of weight percent between 0.8 to 2.0, the stainless high temperature ferrite of this SUS304 is worth mutually between 3.5 to 7.5, and this high temperature ferrite is worth=3.49x (chromium %t+ aluminium %t+1.5x silicon %t)-2.5x (nickel %t+30x carbon %t+30x nitrogen %t+0.5x manganese %t+0.3x copper %t)-30.65 mutually, and wherein %t represents weight percent.
2. the SUS304 stainless steel with deep drawing quality as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this per-cent with boron weight residual in the SUS304 stainless steel of deep drawing quality is between 0.0005 to 0.0015.
3. the SUS304 stainless steel with deep drawing quality as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this has in the SUS304 stainless steel of deep drawing quality inevitably that the weight percent of element sulphur is not more than 0.015.
4. the SUS304 stainless steel with deep drawing quality as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this has in the SUS304 stainless steel of deep drawing quality inevitably that the weight percent of nitrogen element is not more than 0.1.
5. the SUS304 stainless steel with deep drawing quality as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this SUS304 stainless steel with deep drawing quality is in the vacuum refinement processing procedure, uses the ferrosilicon constituent as reductive agent, to control the ferrosilicon content that is added.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02152646 CN1221681C (en) | 2002-11-25 | 2002-11-25 | SUS 304 stainless steel with deep drawability |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02152646 CN1221681C (en) | 2002-11-25 | 2002-11-25 | SUS 304 stainless steel with deep drawability |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1502716A CN1502716A (en) | 2004-06-09 |
| CN1221681C true CN1221681C (en) | 2005-10-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 02152646 Expired - Lifetime CN1221681C (en) | 2002-11-25 | 2002-11-25 | SUS 304 stainless steel with deep drawability |
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| CN (1) | CN1221681C (en) |
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- 2002-11-25 CN CN 02152646 patent/CN1221681C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| CN1502716A (en) | 2004-06-09 |
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Application publication date: 20040609 Assignee: Angang Lianzhong (Guangzhou) Stainless Steel Co.,Ltd. Assignor: YIEH UNITED STEEL CORPORATION Contract record no.: 2015990000176 Denomination of invention: SUS 304 stainless steel with deep drawability Granted publication date: 20051005 License type: Common License Record date: 20150409 |
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