CN1218300A - Current limiter - Google Patents
Current limiter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1218300A CN1218300A CN98125827A CN98125827A CN1218300A CN 1218300 A CN1218300 A CN 1218300A CN 98125827 A CN98125827 A CN 98125827A CN 98125827 A CN98125827 A CN 98125827A CN 1218300 A CN1218300 A CN 1218300A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- conducting strip
- flow restricter
- switching network
- realized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/023—Current limitation using superconducting elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
- H10N60/30—Devices switchable between superconducting and normal states
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a current limiting device for combinational circuits, especially low and medium voltage, for electricity supply systems and power distribution. The current limiting device is formed by a plate conductor element (PE) with a core made out of a substrate material (SK) on which a high temperature supraconductive layer can be deposited and which is terminated on one or both sides by a shunt layer (SS) and surrounded on the outside by a heat insulating surface layer (OS). The current limiting device is fully surrounded by liquid nitrogen (NF) acting as a coolant. Resistive current limitation devices of this kind are used in combinational circuits, especially low or medium voltage, for electricity supply systems and power distribution.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of flow restricter used for distribution of switching network of particularly low-voltage and medium voltage technology.
In low voltage electric network and medium voltage network, adopted air-gas insulation circuit breaker to realize up to now for distribution.Switching on and off of circuit breaker is by the decision of each led current in the different operating state.For the sake of security, when surpassing predetermined current value under the rated current operating state and during in the short circuit operating state, with regard to middle cut-off distribution.In principle by the circuit breaker of mechanical actuation device starting by trigger equipment control, the existing current conditions and causing when surpassing predetermined critical in electrical network of described trigger equipment monitoring opens circuit.
Trigger equipment progressively is achieved by electronic component, and these electronic components are through with in the short time and are considered to defective operating state, thereby has limited the damage to electrical network and coupled distributor greatly.
The time length that disconnects power supply network be one directly with the proportional basic parameter of current load ability parameter of each device feature in current supply circuit.
Such suggestion has been proposed in Siemens EV report 3/97: the short circuit current load for restriction device feature under defective situation, adopted so-called high tc superconducting fault current limiter.For example, before reaching short circuit current first peak value far away, this flow restricter has limited short circuit current by changing normal conducting state over to from superconducting state.Do not draft special short circuit current error identification measure here, this is also and then because of the raising of effective resistance to change normal conducting state over to because short circuit current itself causes because of the superconductor temperature raises above critical temperature.In this case, people have mentioned the resistor-type flow restricter that changes normal conducting state within a short period of time from superconducting state over to.The cooling of this flow restricter for example realizes by liquid nitrogen.Stable liquid nitrogen heat exchange curve discloses (seeing " Adv.Cryogen, Engng. ", volume 7, P546-P550,1962) by the measurement result of H.Merte and J.A.Clark basically.
In addition, the surface seems the fact of paradox, promptly can obviously suppress the cooling of hot object in liquid and (see " ProceedingsICE9 " by Y.Kikuchi, T.Hori and I.Michiyoshi by the face coat of band heat insulation layer, Kobe, Japan, 1982) and people (AM.J.Phys.60 (7), P593-P597,1992) such as G.Guido disclose.
Based on this, task of the present invention is to utilize the own known performance relevant with the superconductive current limiter used for distribution that has the switching network of low-voltage and medium voltage technology particularly and brings into play the function of switching network best, significantly improves the fail safe of switching network simultaneously.
According to the present invention, realized above-mentioned task by following feature: this flow restricter is made of a cated conducting strip in surface, described conducting strip mainly is by a kind of that be applicable to high-temperature superconductor layer deposition and have a backing material that is coated on the high-temperature superconductor layer on the one or both sides and constitute, the border of described high-temperature superconductor layer is to be limited by a coupled shunting layer, is provided with an adiabatic outer surface layer on the free outer surface region of the free outer surface region of described backing material and described shunting layer.
Under the situation that flow restricter is designed to multiple layer conducting strip, satisfied the particularly requirement of the switching network in low-voltage and medium voltage field.Why there is such effect mainly to be because for example do not allow to transship and and then can after unallowed overload decay, restore electricity fully again after the cutout that causes what occur by short-term.Under the situation of heat-transfer surface layer variation, when layer thickness, thermal conductivity and conducting strip surface were in appropriate state, conducting heat very fast was effectively, conducted heat to cause very of short duration flow restricter cooling time again.In this switching network, be shorter than that cutout time of 0.5 second still can tolerate.Because to scribbling backing material side superconducting layer and that do not have coating supply coolant, so adiabatic superficial layer is coated on the two sides.
Favourable design of the present invention has been stipulated: described superficial layer is realized by a coat of paint; Perhaps described superficial layer is realized that by an epoxy bond layer for example it is realized by a styrene pouring layer (Stycastbeschichtung).Enamelled coating and epoxy bond layer all are superficial layers, and they obtain by plain mode and with a small amount of instrument respectively.As coating material, can consider to adopt except that above-mentioned material, its heat conductivility is significantly smaller than 1W/Km's and also remains adhered to all material on the conducting strip in the cycle at quick transformation temperature.For example, it can be so-called " casting resin ", Teflon etc.Obviously, these materials must be the materials that is suitable for low temperature.In addition, not only superconductor but also shunting layer can not be subjected to the infringement of chemistry and/or physics aspect.
According to above-mentioned favourable design of the present invention, obtained the flow restricter control method by following technical characterictic: conducting strip is arranged in the container and this conducting strip is surrounded by liquid nitrogen fully, conducting strip is cooled in the 77K temperature range, and conducting strip has caused the current interruptions that reaches 50 microseconds the process that carries out the transition to normal conducting state from superconducting state.
Therefore, by absolute temperature be the conducting strip of the cooled with liquid nitrogen resistor-type flow restricter of 77K.In the current limliting process, promptly when superconducting state carries out the transition to normal conducting state, the high temperature conducting shell gives out big calorimetric in 50 microseconds, so that is heated the room temperature near 300K.No longer produce heat by interruptive current (superconductor is in normal conducting state) subsequently, thereby once more by the cooled with liquid nitrogen conducting strip.Under the relatively poor situation of diabatic process, be to realize that in so-called " the film boiling district of liquid nitrogen " this is corresponding to about 1 second cooling time again in the cooling under the existing superhigh temperature.And the conducting strip superficial layer of poor heat conductivity has produced a temperature gradient, and described temperature gradient has enlarged under the suitable situation of its layer thickness and heat conductivility, so that is present in the lip-deep leading temperature of conducting strip in so-called " liquid nitrogen bubble boiling section ".This surpasses for 50% cooling time again corresponding to having shortened, thereby the permission flow restricter has the recovery time less than 0.5 second.For this reason, such flow restricter also can be used to electric power storage in the switching network of low-voltage and medium voltage technology particularly.In this switching network, so the power-off time of length still allows.
Further describe the present invention by an embodiment, wherein show the composition structure of flow restricter briefly.
Flow restricter realizes that by conducting strip PE this conducting strip is made into layer structure shown in cross-sectional view.Be coated with high-temperature superconductor layer HS on the one or both sides as the backing material SK of carrier, described backing material is furnished with the not shown and twin shaft that do not mark in advance to the texture type resilient coating, and shunting layer SS links to each other with described high-temperature superconductor layer HS.Described shunting layer SS is made of a metallic silver layer, but here also can imagine with the above-mentioned shunting layer of gold layer formation.Concerning high-temperature superconductor layer HS, described shunting layer resembles the effect brought into play heat-electric shunt and it makes high-temperature superconductor layer HS not be subjected to extraneous chemical affect simultaneously.Can also see, in two outer surface region of conducting strip PE, be coated with unified superficial layer OS.Conducting strip PE is arranged among the pond liquid nitrogen NF fully.So, under the situation of unallowed high overcurrent and short circuit current, weaken the heating of flow restricter momently, thereby obtained fast power supply capacity again.For this reason, flow restricter is loaded in the unshowned closed container.
Claims (4)
1. flow restricter used for distribution of the switching network of low-voltage and medium voltage technology particularly, it is characterized in that, this flow restricter is made of a cated conducting strip in surface (PE), described conducting strip (PE) mainly is made of a kind of backing material (SK) that is suitable for high-temperature superconductor layer (HS) deposition, one side or coating on both sides high-temperature superconductor layer (HS), the border of high-temperature superconductor layer (HS) is limited by a coupled shunting layer (SS), is provided with an adiabatic outer surface layer (OS) on the free outer surface region of the free outer surface region of described backing material (SK) and described shunting layer (SS).
2. switching network flow restricter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described superficial layer (OS) is realized by a coat of paint.
3. switching network flow restricter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described superficial layer (OS) is realized by an epoxy bond layer, is for example realized by a styrene pouring layer.
4. control such as claim 1 and 2 and the method for claim 1 and 3 described flow restricters, it is characterized in that, conducting strip (PE) is arranged in the container and this conducting strip is surrounded by liquid nitrogen (NE) fully, conducting strip (PE) is cooled to the 77K temperature range, conducting strip (PE) is carrying out the transition to from superconducting state the process of normal conducting state, and current interruptions is about 50 microseconds.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19750758A DE19750758A1 (en) | 1997-11-11 | 1997-11-11 | Current limiting device |
| DE19750758.1 | 1997-11-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1218300A true CN1218300A (en) | 1999-06-02 |
Family
ID=7848898
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98125827A Pending CN1218300A (en) | 1997-11-11 | 1998-11-11 | Current limiter |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1029370A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001523051A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1218300A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19750758A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999025032A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2280500T3 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2007-09-16 | Abb Research Ltd. | A SUPERCONDUCTOR FAILURE CURRENT LIMITER. |
| DE10231914C1 (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2003-10-09 | Siemens Ag | Optimized composite conductor with superconducting layer has commutation layer with Ohmic resistance so current passed is equal to or greater than maximum local critical current |
| DE102004031908B3 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-01-05 | Siemens Ag | Current limiting device with superconducting switching element |
| JP5317034B2 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2013-10-16 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Superconducting current limiting element with improved environmental resistance |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05251761A (en) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Current limiting conductor using oxide superconductive film |
| DE4434819C5 (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 2004-05-27 | Abb Research Ltd. | Current limiting device |
| JPH09252147A (en) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-09-22 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Current limiter |
-
1997
- 1997-11-11 DE DE19750758A patent/DE19750758A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-11-10 EP EP98963356A patent/EP1029370A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-11-10 JP JP2000519932A patent/JP2001523051A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-11-10 WO PCT/DE1998/003381 patent/WO1999025032A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-11-11 CN CN98125827A patent/CN1218300A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1999025032A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
| DE19750758A1 (en) | 1999-05-12 |
| JP2001523051A (en) | 2001-11-20 |
| EP1029370A1 (en) | 2000-08-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |