CN1216725C - Technology for treating spent tyre and its used equipment - Google Patents
Technology for treating spent tyre and its used equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1216725C CN1216725C CN2004100464939A CN200410046493A CN1216725C CN 1216725 C CN1216725 C CN 1216725C CN 2004100464939 A CN2004100464939 A CN 2004100464939A CN 200410046493 A CN200410046493 A CN 200410046493A CN 1216725 C CN1216725 C CN 1216725C
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- rubber
- junked tire
- deep cooling
- slicing
- machine
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Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a technology for recovering a rubber by a waste tyre. The technology comprises a pretreatment step for cutting a waste tyre into blocks and removing water, a step for embrittling the blocks by a further cold chamber, and a step for crushing the embrittled blocks and removing impurities in the blocks. The present invention also provides equipment for the technology. The equipment comprises a working position for pretreating the blocks of the waste tyre, a working position for further cooling the blocks, and a working position for crushing the blocks and removing the impurities in the blocks. The purity of the rubber which is prepared by the technology of the present invention can reach by more than 99.7%. The present invention also provides technology for preparing rubber powder below 120 meshes by the recovered rubber. The technology for preparing the rubber powder comprises the steps of the refrigeration and the embrittlement of the rubber and the impact, the shearing and the grinding of the embrittled rubber. The present invention provides equipment for the technology. The equipment comprises a further cold chamber and a hammered sheet type pulverizer, wherein the further cold chamber is below negative 120 DEG C, and the hammered sheet type pulverizer is provided with a hammered sheet set and a cutting knife. The pulverizer can rapidly crush the rubber into the rubber powder of which the granularity is smaller than 120 meshes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology that reclaims rubber and be made into rubber powder from junked tire, and relate to the used equipment of this technology.
Background technology
Automobile is the important transportation instrument in the current social, and along with expanding economy, only the automobile pollution of China is estimated to scrap a large amount of doughnuts every year near 100,000,000.These junked tires are important pollution sources still not, also is important resource, if can not produce its reclaiming effectively, will be the huge waste of resource.The rubber of making tire has synthetic rubber, natural rubber and their mixture.Synthetic rubber is raw material with the oil, the positive growing tension of petroleum resources today.Natural rubber derives from rubber tree, and its output is subjected to the speed of growth of rubber tree and the restriction of rubber plantation area, and the output of natural rubber is difficult to satisfy the growing demand of tire industry, and therefore the price of natural rubber is high always in recent years.For these reasons, the rubber of recycling in the junked tire is the problem of always paying close attention in the art.The representational technology of handling junked tire at present is the liquid nitrogen deep method.Tire after this method will be cut with liquid nitrogen is freezing, makes it to become the fragility body, and then through fragmentation, impurity elimination thing operation reclaims rubber.The major defect of this method is to make cooling medium with liquid nitrogen, because liquid nitrogen costs an arm and a leg, this method advantage is technically offset by inferior position economically; Because liquid nitrogen is difficult to reclaim after vaporization, in today more and more harsh to environmental requirement, the reasonability of liquid refrigerating process just is being subjected to doubting of people.The method of rubber in traditional recovery junked tire usually only adopts simple screening, and contained impurity can not go removal to the greatest extent in the tire, thereby has influenced the quality of recovery rubber.In addition, because granularity and its performance of rubber are closely related, the recovery rubber that granularity is big can only be used for producing to the less demanding goods of tensile property, as offset plate, sebific duct etc., and can not be used for producing to the demanding product of hot strength, as automobile, bicycle tyre, and the occasion that is used for granularity is had specific (special) requirements, as being used as the building materials additive, make the rubber of high-quality, the granularity that sports filed track and as pitch prill modifier etc., these fields require to reclaim rubber below 120 orders, is preferably in below 200 orders at least.By reducing the granularity that reclaims rubber, to bring into play its potential performance, thereby improve this value-added content of product is the target that those skilled in the art pursue, yet traditional meticulous disintegrating apparatus can not be finished this target, this be because: 1. the traditional meticulous crushing process of crushing rubber needs the long time, rubber raises because of factors such as friction make its temperature in this process, revert to elastomer by the fragility body, therefore for obtaining the fine powder below 120 orders, need provide more powerful refrigeration plant; 2. the parts in the conventional meticulous disintegrating apparatus, because of former thereby losses such as friction, impacts, the material that these losses are got off becomes impurity makes the quality of rubber descend as ball milling, tooth mill etc.Therefore the present technique field waits in expectation always and a kind of method that recovery rubber can be made the high-purity rubber powder of granularity below 120 orders occurs.
The applicant proposed an application for a patent for invention (application number 00132719.4, denomination of invention " a kind of deep cooling chamber that is used for low-temperature grinding rubber ", applying date 2000.11.16) at these shortcomings of prior art.This patent of invention proposes the junked tire stripping and slicing is placed in the deep cooling chamber of freezing with refrigeration machine freezing, then with its fragmentation, proposes the reclaimer of rubber at last.Though the equipment with this patent application can reclaim rubber, but to the concrete building block in this equipment, as the device of cutting tire, the device of broken tire stripping and slicing, remove the device etc. of impurities in the tire and describe specifically inadequately, do not provide practical assurance the high-purity of the rubber that reclaims.In addition, in above-mentioned patent application, do not provide the technology of using the rubber that from junked tire, reclaims to prepare the high-purity fine rubber powder.For remedying above-mentioned deficiency, the applicant has proposed patent application of the present invention, and it is further improving of application number 00132719.4 application and continues.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technology that from junked tire, reclaims rubber; Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment that is used for above-mentioned technology.Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of and prepares the technology of rubber powder and used equipment with the rubber that reclaims.
Technology from junked tire recovery rubber of the present invention is made up of following steps: described damaged tire is cut into the stripping and slicing that the cross section is the regular prism shape of rhombus, and make the pre-treatment step of its water content less than 0.3% (weight); With refrigeration machine described junked tire stripping and slicing is cooled to deep cooling step below the rubber brittleness temperature; And the broken decontamination of the stripping and slicing of junked tire that will be after freezing processing, make the rubber of recovery comprise that carbon black purity is greater than 99.7% broken impurity elimination step.
Described pre-treatment step is made up of following steps:
1. junked tire is done cleaning;
2. cut the alloy rim of described old tire both sides, and described junked tire is on average cut away half along circumferential line;
3. the old tire that is broken away is cut into the stripping and slicing of the regular prism shape that the cross section assumes diamond in shape; The long-diagonal length of described rhombus is not more than 8cm;
4. the junked tire stripping and slicing oven dry that makes described regular prism shape to its contained humidity less than 0.7% (weight);
5. will remove the described junked tire stripping and slicing dehumidifying of moisture, and its contained humidity reduced to less than 0.3% (weight), and make its temperature reduce to environment temperature.
Described deep cooling step comprises makes described stripping and slicing through pretreated junked tire be delay in the environment below-120 ℃ at least 12 minutes in temperature;
Described broken impurity elimination step comprises:
1. with the stripping and slicing roll extrusion of described junked tire through subzero treatment, be milled to the rubber grain of granularity less than the junked tire of 3mm;
2. the length that will be mixed in the described junked tire particle is removed less than cord fiber and the steel wire of 8cm;
3. remove the length be mixed in the described junked tire particle less than the fiber fines in remaining cord of 3mm;
4. remove the magnetisable material that is mixed in the described junked tire particle;
5. remove the non-magnetic impurity that is mixed in the described junked tire particle.
Be used for reclaiming the equipment of the technology of rubber, form by a preliminary treatment station, a deep cooling station and a broken impurity elimination station from junked tire.Cleaning machine, cutting machine, cutting machine, dryer and dehumidifier that described preliminary treatment station has order to be provided with;
Described deep cooling station comprises a straight tunnel-shaped deep cooling chamber.The deep cooling chamber communicates, is respectively equipped with at the two ends of this deep cooling chamber shape, structure and measure-alike rotary feed arrangement and rotary discharger by the refrigerant pipe with refrigeration unit, at indoor conveying device and the barreling formula disintegrating machine of being provided with of this deep cooling.
Described broken impurity elimination station comprises screening machine, winnowing machine, magnetic separator and color selector in turn.
The cleaning machine of described preliminary treatment station is the dry cleaner that the compound brush of bull steel wire-nylon is housed.The cutting machine of described preliminary treatment station comprises that the cutting knife and that is symmetrically located at these machine both sides is central cutter.
The cutting machine of described preliminary treatment station comprises that one can be regularly laterally moved by certain distance, and the continuous zigzag cutter of line is housed on it, can and be positioned at the chopping block of this cutter backing roll below around the cutter backing roll of its center line rotation.
Rotary feed arrangement in this deep cooling station and rotary discharger all comprise one vertical with described deep cooling chamber center line, the axle of horizontal positioned, on this, be provided with polylith with its long limit and this rectangular clapboard that is fixedly linked, this dividing plate orientation is radially consistent with this, and the angle between adjacent separator equates.Be provided with two flat circular end caps that be fixedly linked with this dividing plate, vertical with described axle in described rectangular clapboard two short end.Described axle, dividing plate and end cap are placed in the inner core.The top of this inner core is provided with feed openings, its underpart is provided with discharge openings, the gap location of the inner surface of described dividing plate and end cap and this inner core is provided with sealing strip, described inner core be located at its airtight deep cooling chamber that links to each other in, conveying device in this deep cooling chamber comprises that cotton textiles knit the negative ion cellulose that is soaked with of system, and thickness is the conveyer belt of 12mm at least.The active carrying roller that supports conveyer belt links to each other with crossbeam rotationally with the outer rim of each carrying roller.
Barreling formula disintegrating machine in this fragmentation impurity elimination station is located in the deep cooling chamber in order that keep the brittle state of tire stripping and slicing so that fragmentation, it comprises two groups of upper and lower grinding rollers that be arranged in parallel, hang down as for horizontal plane in the plane that adjacent upper and lower grinding roller center line is constituted, the outer surface of each grinding roller studs with roller shell, is covered with lepidiod projection on this roller shell equably.The distance of two locking phases between the last roller surface that rotates is 10-12mm; Two asynchronous following roller surface spacings of rotating in opposite directions are 3mm.
The technology of recovery junked tire of the present invention is to implement like this:
Place the full-automatic dry of preliminary treatment station to wash cleaning machine the junked tire of collecting.The compound brush of nylon-steel wire on the cleaning machine is pressed close to described junked tire under the control of manipulator.When described compound brush rotated, wire brush was wherein removed securely attached to the foreign matter on described junked tire surface, and nylon bruss is then removed loosely attached to the foreign matter on the described surface of tyre.The used manipulator of the principle of described manipulator and structure and conventional garage carwash roughly the same.The structure of the compound brush of described steel wire-nylon is that long nylon fiber is arranged in the outer ring of brush and short steel wire is arranged in the inner ring of brush equably.Certainly, when conditions permit, also can reach other mode by hand and replace cleaning machine to clean accompanying foreign matter on the described junked tire surface.
The junked tire that the process cleaning machine is handled is by in the migration cutting machine.In this cutting machine, described old damaged tire is placed in the mode of standing.Two side direction cutters on the cutting machine will contain the inner ring of steel wire to be cut off from the both sides of described junked tire, and cutter equably is slit into two halves along circumferential line with it with the attached junked tire of stating in the middle of another then.After this this tire that is broken away is sent to cutting machine.
The tire that is broken away is lain on the chopping block of cutting machine.The cutting roller that the zigzag cutter is housed is pressed on the tire that is lain on the chopping block, be cut into the zigzag otch that runs through thereon, this cutting roller rises and horizontal mobile fixed range then, and the distance between adjacent two crowns of this distance and the described zigzag edge of a knife equates.Be pressed in being cut on once the tire on the chopping block after cutting roller laterally moves once more, thereby tire is cut into the stripping and slicing that the cross section is the prism-shaped of rhombus.The long-diagonal length of described rhombus is not more than 8cm, and the length of long-diagonal and short diagonal is than being degree can prevent that the tire stripping and slicing from stacking automatically.
Collect the described stripping and slicing of the junked tire of gained, and it is sent to drying machine drying, make wherein contained humidity less than 0.7% (weight).
Dehumidifier is sent in described junked tire stripping and slicing after the oven dry, in this dehumidifier, further gets rid of described block of residual moisture that hits, and the temperature of rubber stripping and slicing is reduced to environment temperature, to alleviate the load of deep cooling station.
To transport in the rotary feeding device of deep cooling station through the junked tire stripping and slicing of above-mentioned processing by conveyer.The feed openings of described stripping and slicing on inner core falls into rotary feed arrangement successively, in the space that is formed by adjacent separator and end cap.Motor drives rotating shaft rotation, thus dividing plate and end cap rotation ordered about, and it is indoor that described stripping and slicing is brought into deep cooling through the discharge openings of described inner core, drops on cotton textiles then and knit on the conveyer belt of system.The gait of march of conveyer belt is controlled by adjustable frequency motor, and it guarantees described junked tire stripping and slicing in the deep cooling chamber, is detained more than 12 minutes in the low temperature environment below-120 ℃ that is formed by refrigerator.This section holdup time is enough to guarantee that described stripping and slicing becomes the fragility body near barreling formula disintegrating machine the time.Under the condition that environment temperature is fixed, the gait of march of conveyer belt depends on the length of deep cooling chamber, and the selection of described holdup time is then closely related with the size of described stripping and slicing.Above-mentioned parameter can or calculate and determine by limited experiment, and this class experiment and calculating are within those skilled in the art's limit of power.
When rotation synchronously in opposite directions a pair of that is covered with the flake type projection when the described junked tire stripping and slicing that becomes the fragility body drops on the described barreling formula disintegrating machine that is arranged in the deep cooling chamber through the conveying of described textile conveyer belt surface gone up on the grinding roller, be fractured into the rubber grain that size is not more than 6mm under the top roll squeezing action, this rubber grain then drops on the following grinding roller of asynchronous rotation in opposite directions that the surface is covered with the flakey projection equally.Because this is to two roller rotating speed differences of following grinding roller, make above-mentioned rubber grain stand to grind, simultaneously because the gap between grinding roller is less down, thereby described fragment stands to roll, the result is fractured into the particle that size is not more than 3mm, the size of the junked tire particle of gained may be much smaller than 3mm, and the granularity of most of described particle is 1-3mm.Because oneself has been broken described junked tire stripping and slicing, so most of with which cord fiber and steel wire have just separated with rubber, particle is discharged the deep cooling chamber to carry out the sorting and impurity elimination program through the rotary discharging opening that is positioned at aforementioned barreling disintegrating machine downstream.
Above-mentioned junked tire particle is removed length less than the 8cm nylon fiber with screening machine screening, get rid of length in the described particle less than the nylon fiber of 3mm etc. with winnowing machine again, again the gained material is sent into magnetic separator removing magnetisable material wherein, as steel wire etc.; Send into color selector to remove non-magnetic material wherein, as non-ferrous metal, plastics etc., obtain rubber content at last greater than 99.7%, granularity is less than the rubber grain of 3mm.
The technology that the above-mentioned recovery rubber of usefulness of the present invention prepares rubber powder comprises the steps:
1. with refrigeration machine the rubber of recovery is cooled off and embrittlement;
2. reclaim rubber and stand time impact, shear and grind, and become granularity less than 120 purpose rubber powders.
The equipment that is used for above-mentioned technology comprises
1. deep cooling chamber;
2. be arranged in the beater disintegrating machine of this deep cooling chamber;
Described beater disintegrating machine comprises:
1. one group of hammer leaf that is fixed on the rotating shaft, described hammer leaf is the polygonal star of reversing by certain direction, there is cutting edge at its tip, each hammer leaf in this hammer leaf group is arranged by the mode of the angle that staggers equably, the helical angle of top end face formation that causes each hammer leaf point in this hammer leaf group is 40 °-50 ° a helicoid, and the torsional direction of this helicoid is consistent with the direction of rotation of this rotary main shaft;
2. a pair of is the cutting knife that is horizontally fixed on described hammer leaf group both sides axisymmetrically with described rotating shaft, and the length of described cutting knife is identical with the length of described hammer leaf group, and the edge of a knife of described cutting knife and the cutting edge of hammer leaf keep predetermined gap;
3. be positioned under the described hammer leaf group, and keep the screen cloth of specified gap with hammer leaf.
The deep cooling step that the above-mentioned deep cooling chamber that makes the step that reclaims rubber grain deep cooling and implement this step is experienced during with aforementioned recovery rubber is identical with used deep cooling cell structure, repeats no more herein.
The technology of above-mentioned preparation rubber powder is to implement like this:
To be not more than 3mm by the granularity that preceding method obtains from junked tire, rubber purity is delivered to the rotary feed arrangement top of described deep cooling chamber with conveying device greater than 99.7% rubber grain, described rubber grain through in the feed openings that puts drop on continuously in the described rotary feed arrangement, in the space that forms by adjacent separator and end cap.Along with the rotation of the rotating shaft of rotary feed arrangement, the described rubber grain that is arranged in the space that dividing plate and end cap form enters described deep cooling chamber continuously, and drops on the conveyer belt of described rotary feed arrangement below.Motor promotes crossbeam and makes upper and lower reciprocal parallel rotation, rotates thereby drive carrying roller.Be positioned at conveyer belt on the described carrying roller under the drive of carrying roller, carrier band land rubber grain is thereon advanced to the beater disintegrating machine that is positioned at the indoor other end of deep cooling together.Control the gait of march of conveyer belt by the rotating speed of control motor, with the holdup time of the rubber grain on it in described deep cooling chamber, promptly, the traveling time of conveyer belt in a process was controlled at more than 12 minutes, to guarantee in the environment temperature below-120 ℃ described rubber grain being transformed into the fragility body.When described rubber grain arrives the conveyer belt terminal point, their fully embrittlement, described embrittlement the rubber grain enter pulverizing chamber in this device through the hopper above the beater disintegrating machine.Rotation along with rotating shaft, described fragility rubber grain is taken to the gap location between the fixed cutting tool that rotates hammer leaf, at this gap location, described fragility rubber grain experiences a shock, shears, between hammer leaf and screen cloth, ground then, finally be fractured into granularity less than 120 orders, part is less than 200 purpose rubber powders.Because each hammer leaf in the hammer leaf group arranges with helical form, so this hammer leaf forces rubber powder to move by the trend of described spiral in the mode of screw feeder, and can reverse movement.The orderly motion of powder, the collection and the technological process that help powder are carried out smoothly and continuously.Because rotating shaft rotates at a high speed with 1490 rev/mins speed, so described rubber grain is ground into granularity rapidly less than 120 purpose rubber powders, the rubber powder of meticulous pulverizing subsequently enters the intensification dust-settling compartment through rotary discharger (discharging opening is provided with the low-temperature receiver retracting device), is collected then.This intensification dust-settling compartment is provided with the sarong part flow arrangement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram that the present invention is used to handle the equipment of junked tire technology.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the cutting machine in the said equipment.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of above-mentioned barreling formula initial breaking machine.
Fig. 4 is the sectional side view that the present invention prepares the beater disintegrating machine in the rubber powder device therefor.
Fig. 5 is that the hammer leaf group is arranged schematic diagram in the above-mentioned beater disintegrating machine.
The specific embodiment
Specifically describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Referring to Fig. 1, the cleaning machine 1-1 that the junked tire of collecting is put into preliminary treatment station 1 cleans.The cleaning machine of processing junked tire of the present invention is preferably by mechanical hand-guided dry-cleaning formula cleaning machine.The structure of the cleaning machine of described hand type is similar with the cleaning-machine structure that is used for car carwash.The compound brush of steel wire-nylon is housed on the arm of this hand type cleaning machine.Be furnished with long nylon fiber in the outer ring of this compound brush, its inner ring is furnished with short steel wire.The compound brush of described steel wire-nylon stretches to the surfaces externally and internally of the junked tire of vertical placement under the controlling of manipulator, rotation along with this compound brush, steel wire wherein will be more securely attached to the foreign matter on the surface of tyre, scrape as brute forces such as earth, handstones, nylon fiber is erased them simultaneously.In this cleaning process, be the moisture that reduces as far as possible attached to this surface of tyre, in order to avoid their frostings in the deep cooling chamber with dry cleaning process rather than with the reason of the conventional method that washes.
Through naked-eye observation, after the foreign matter on described junked tire surface has been removed clean, it is sent to cutting machine 1-2.Described junked tire is erected to be placed among the cutting machine 1-2, and the cutting knife of cutting machine both sides is cut off the alloy rim of these tire both sides, and another cutter on the top of cutting machine cuts away half it along described junked tire face center line.
Above-mentioned cleaning and severing operation can certainly be used other means, finish the preferred above-mentioned operating type of the present invention as manual mode.
The junked tire that is broken away is sent to cutting machine 1-3.Referring to Fig. 2, the cutting machine 1-3 that the present invention adopts comprises cutting rotor 3 '-1 and cutting chopping block 3 '-2.Junked tire piece 3 '-3 of severing lie on chopping block 3 '-2, and its length direction is parallel with the direction of tool roller axis 3 '-5.The surface of cutting rotor 3 '-1 along the axially parallel of this roller be provided with ordered series of numbers cutting knife 3 '-4, the edge of a knife indentation of these cutting knife 3 '-4, the angle of two adjacent edges of a knife are less acute angle or bigger obtuse angle.When rotated cutting rotor 3 '-1, cutting knife 3 '-4 on it were pressed on old junked tire sheet 3 '-3 that are positioned at above chopping block 3 '-2 gradually.Along with the rotation of rotor 3 '-1, finally on described junked tire sheet 3 '-3, form the zigzag edge of a knife 3 '-6 of running through.After the zigzag edge of a knife 3 '-6 formed, lifted rotor 3 '-1, and the relative chopping block 3 in while rotor 3 '-1 '-2 are transverse shift abreast, and this distance that moves equates with the adjacent facewidth of zigzag cutting knife 3 '-4.After this, rotor 3 '-1 forward rotation as hereinbefore, forms new zigzag otch 3 '-6 of running through again on these junked tire sheet 3 '-3, these two adjacent zigzag run through otch 3-6 ' because of the segment distance that staggers, so formed a succession of junked tire stripping and slicing 3 '-7.The shape of this stripping and slicing is roughly the prism that the cross section assumes diamond in shape.The advantage of this shape is that the stripping and slicing of described junked tire is mixed when putting together randomly, and they are difficult for the bigger block of shape bonded to one another.The volume of described junked tire stripping and slicing 3 '-7 depends on the power and the predetermined holdup time of this stripping and slicing in the deep cooling chamber of freezing unit.Under the condition that the present invention gives an example, the length of the long-diagonal of the cross section rhombus of this stripping and slicing is to be advisable less than 8cm.
For preventing to occur the frosting phenomenon in the deep cooling chamber, need contained moisture in the above-mentioned junked tire stripping and slicing of control.The present invention adopts but is not limited to, and dryer 1-4 removes the moisture in the described stripping and slicing, and described dryer 1-4 can adopt the dryer of grain machinery special use.Should be through the moisture in the stripping and slicing of oven dry processing less than 0.7% (weight).
Rise because of the oven dry temperature through the above-mentioned junked tire stripping and slicing that oven dry is handled.For the live load that alleviates deep cooling chamber station and further remove moisture contained in the described junked tire, it is sent to makes dehumidifying and cooling among the dehumidifier 1-5 and handle.The present invention adopts but is not limited to the dehumidifier of grain machinery special use.Be lower than 0.3% (weight) through the moisture in the described junked tire stripping and slicing after the dehumidification treatments, its temperature is lower than 30 ℃.
Through conveyer 1-6 deep cooling station 2 is sent in above-mentioned described junked tire stripping and slicing through dehumidification treatments.Referring to Fig. 1, this deep cooling station comprises a tunnel-shaped straight deep cooling chamber 2-1, be used for reducing the refrigeration unit 2-2 of at least three grades of overlappings of deep cooling chamber 2-1 environment temperature, be located at the rotary feed arrangement 2-3 and the rotary discharger 2-4 at 2-1 two ends, straight deep cooling chamber respectively, and conveyer 2-5.
Referring to Fig. 1, the structure of rotary feed arrangement 2-3 and rotary discharger 2-4, shape and size are identical.With rotary feed arrangement 2-3 is example, it comprises rotating shaft 2 '-1 that is driven by drive motor, several are fixedlyed connected with axle 2 '-1 with its long limit, and along these radial oriented rectangular clapboard 2 '-2 of 2 '-1, two end cap 2 '-6 that vertically are fixedly linked with two minor faces of rectangular clapboard 2 '-2, surround cylindric inner core 2 '-4 on the long limit of rectangular clapboard 2 '-2 outer rims, described inner core 2 '-4 link to each other airtightly with the deep cooling chamber.Described inner core 2 '-4 have charging aperture and the discharging opening that lays respectively at its upper and lower, between the inner surface of long limit of the outer rim of rectangular clapboard 2 '-2 and inner core 2 '-4, be provided with sealing device 2 '-3, also be provided with sealing device 2 '-3 between the outer surface of end cap 2 '-6 and inner core 2 '-4 inner surfaces, thereby when rotate with rotating shaft 2 '-1 dividing plate 2 '-2 and end cap 2 '-6, between they and the inner core is airtight always, that is, can not enter deep cooling chamber 2-1 because of rotation makes outside air.Described sealing device, such as, employing high density felt etc. is made.
Drop on described junked tire stripping and slicing in the space that described dividing plate 2 '-2 and end cap 2 '-6 constitute with the rotation of rotary feeding device 2-3 through conveyer 1-6, the discharging opening through inner core 2 '-4 ' top drops on conveyer belt 2 '-7 of the conveyer 2-5 in the 2-1 of deep cooling chamber successively.Conveyer belt 2 of the present invention '-7th, by cotton textiles knit system, thickness is that the braid of 12mm constitutes, and for increasing the intensity of conveyer belt 2 '-7, wherein is soaked with negative ion cellulose.Described refrigeration unit 2-2, such as being to adopt three grades of overlapping modes to connect, model is that the refrigeration machine of Bitzer (K2923T (B) 66-100.2Y) constitutes, the present invention is preferred, but is not limited to this refrigeration machine and this connected mode.
The connected mode of refrigeration unit, the capacity that depends on refrigeration machine wherein, the size of deep cooling chamber, the factors such as predetermined holdup time of tire stripping and slicing, as long as key be can deep cooling is indoor the environment temperature remain on below-120 ℃, the refrigeration machine of any model and connected mode thereof all are acceptables.Under the low like this condition of work of temperature, carrying roller 2 '-8 that are used to support conveyer belt 2 '-7 can not be selected conventional passive type carrying roller for use.For this reason, the present invention selects active carrying roller for use.Referring to Fig. 1, carrying roller 2 '-8 among the conveying device 2-5 that is used for deep cooling chamber 2-1 of the present invention are being provided with connecting rod 2 '-9 near its edge, and motor is connected rotationally with connecting rod 2 '-9, and it is flatly rotated, synchronously rotate thereby drive each carrying roller 2 '-8.Conveyer belt 2 '-7 operations of carrying described junked tire stripping and slicing are ordered about in each carrying roller 2 '-8 as a result.After conveyer belt was covered whole stroke, junked tire stripping and slicing contained on it became the fragility body because of cooling by elastomer.At the terminal point of conveyer belt, embrittlement the junked tire stripping and slicing deliver to through the conveyer (not shown) and be arranged in the indoor barreling formula disintegrating machine 3-1 of deep cooling.Referring to Fig. 3, described barreling formula disintegrating machine 3-1 comprises grinding roller group 3 '-1 and 3 '-2 of two groups of upper and lower layouts.The roller footpath of four grinding rollers in grinding roller group 3 '-1 and 3 '-2 is identical, and they stud with the roller shell that all is covered with the projection of squamous on the surface equably.Two grinding rollers in grinding roller group 3 '-1 rotate in opposite directions with identical rotating speed, the gap between grinding roller be less than described embrittlement the average-size of junked tire stripping and slicing, such as, this gap remains between the 10-12mm.Two grinding rollers in grinding roller group 3 '-2 also rotate opposite to each other, but the two rotating speed difference, this speed discrepancy is generally 370 rev/mins.The gap of grinding roller group 3 '-2 is less in addition, generally is advisable to be not more than 3mm.The described embrittlement that falls from the conveyer belt (not shown) the junked tire stripping and slicing drop on two roller surfaces of grinding roller group 3 '-1 because this grinding roller group 3 '-1 rotates in opposite directions, they have taken described junked tire stripping and slicing in the gap between this two grinding roller to.Here, the junked tire stripping and slicing of described fragility is cracked because of the extruding that is subjected to two grinding rollers, and the fragment that is produced then drops on down on grinding roller group 3 '-2.Equally, because of two grinding rollers in this grinding roller group rotate in opposite directions, so the junked tire fragment from a last grinding roller group is brought between this two roller, rotation in opposite directions with two grinding rollers, described junked tire fragment is further pushed and fragmentation, again because the rotating speed difference of two times grinding rollers, described fragment also stands the grinding of squamous projection on the surface of two grinding rollers in the extruding that stands two grinding rollers.The full-size of the junked tire fragment after process barreling formula disintegrating machine 3-1 handles is less than 3mm.When the full-size of described junked tire fragment reaches 3mm when following, wherein contained rubber with tire in other material, as cord fiber, steel wire, non-ferrous metal, plastics etc. fully separately.Through the material of barreling formula crusher in crushing, be rotated formula drawing mechanism 2-4 and take the deep cooling chamber out of.
The junked tire material of handling through above-mentioned barreling disintegrating machine is sent to screening machine 3-2 through the discharging opening (discharging opening is provided with the low-temperature receiver retracting device) of rotary discharger 2-4 and screens.Described screening machine 3-2 can be the conventional screening machine of reciprocating sieve type.Screening machine 3-2 separates things such as the cord fiber of the rubber grain in the described junked tire and size big (8cm is following) and steel wire, and the junked tire particle under sieving contains more rubber components.
Mincing under the sieve is sent to winnowing machine 3-3, with the cord fiber of further removal size less (less than 3mm).Winnowing machine 3-3 can be the winnowing machine that routine is used for grain machinery industry.Described junked tire particle is through after the selection by winnowing, and wherein contained rubber content further improves again.
To carry out magnetic separation with magnetic separator 3-4 again through the rubber grain of selection by winnowing, removing wherein contained magnetisable material, as steel wire contained in the tire etc.Conventional magnetic separator all can be used for described junked tire particle is carried out magnetic separation, such as, can select three roller magnetic separators for use.
Rubber particle through above-mentioned magnetic separation also will stand a look choosing, to remove contained namagnetic substance in the described rubber grain, as things such as non-ferrous metal, plastics.Used color selector 3-5 can adopt routine to be used for the color selector of grain industry in this operation.The granularity of crossing through above step process can reach more than 99.7% (containing carbon black) less than the rubber content in the junked tire particle of 3mm.Such rubber grain can be directly used in the making rubber, perhaps is used to produce fine rubber powder, to satisfy tire industry, the needs of aspects such as other rubber, modified pitch, construction material and waterproof material.
The narration granularity is less than the preparation process of 120 purpose rubber grains below.
Less than 3mm, rubber content is freezing in deep cooling chamber 4 greater than the rubber grain of 99.7% (containing carbon black) with the granularity that derives from aforementioned process.This deep cooling chamber 4 is identical with the structure of aforesaid deep cooling chamber 2-1, but does not wherein establish barreling disintegrating machine 3-1, but is provided with beater disintegrating machine 4-1.Referring to Fig. 4, beater disintegrating machine 4-1 of the present invention comprise a hopper 4-2 who is arranged in its top, with hopper 4-2 communicate be positioned at pulverizing chamber 4-3 under it, be installed in pulverizing chamber 4-3 hammer leaf group 4-4, be connected hammer leaf group 4-4 rotating shaft 4-5, with rotating shaft 4-5 be symmetry axis symmetrically level be installed in the cutting knife 4-6 of described pulverizing chamber both sides and be positioned at screen cloth 4-8 under the pulverizing chamber 4-3.The cross section of described hammer leaf 4-4 is the triangle star of reversing in the direction of the clock, on the top at three angles cutting edge is arranged, and hammer leaf 4-4 is fixedly linked by key 4-7 and rotating shaft 4-5.The multi-disc hammer leaf is formed a hammer leaf group.In the present embodiment, the hammer leaf group has 9 hammer leaves.The number of hammer leaf is relevant with crush efficiency, and this number is big more, and crush efficiency is high more.Participate in Fig. 5, each adjacent hammer leaf angle same that staggers in the hammer leaf group, thus make the top end surface of the outer rim of this hammer leaf group form a helicoid, its helical angle is 45 °.The equal in length of the length of cutting knife 4-6 and hammer leaf group 4-4.Described rubber grain experiences a shock between cutting knife and hammer leaf and shears, and stands fine gtinding in the gap of the outer fringe surface of described hammer leaf group and described screen cloth.
In pulverizing chamber 4-3, described fragility rubber grain stands the impact of hammer leaf group, and " the milling " in " shearing " of the hammer leaf top edge of a knife and the cutting knife edge of a knife and the gap between hammer leaf outer rim end face and screen cloth is ground into tiny particle very soon.Because the main shaft of described hammer leaf group rotates at a high speed with 1490/ fen rotating speed, pulverized rubber powder is crushed to below 120 orders (with the sieve mesh of Changzhou starlight machinery plant manufacturing) the thinnest 200 purpose granularities that reach in the speed of 1～1.2 Kilograms Per Second.Because each hammer leaf in the hammer leaf group is to arrange by the mode of spiral, so pulverized material always moves by the direction that helicoid advances, and can be not inversely or move disorderly, the mode that this material moves is of value to the collection of gained powder undoubtedly and further handles.
The present invention adopts refrigeration unit to replace traditional liquid nitrogen and makes rubber grain deep cooling.Thereby not only make operating cost descend the problem of environmental pollution of also having avoided traditional liquid nitrogen deep to bring.Replace traditional ball mill with the hammer slice type reducing mechanism, equipment such as steel-tooth mill make the meticulous pulverizing of described rubber grain, have avoided abrading-ball, and the metal between roll flute and the casing impacts and friction, thereby have guaranteed the high-purity of rubber powder.The high efficiency of this pulverizer has guaranteed that recovery rubber is pulverized subtly under brittle state.
The present invention reclaims rubber and preparation rubber powder from junked tire technology does not adopt conventional liquid nitrogen refrigerating mode, and adopt refrigeration unit to freeze, this has guaranteed technically that not only above-mentioned technology can be with lower operation cost, avoided environmental pollution problem because of using liquid nitrogen to bring, but also the technology of traditional discontinuous has been become the technology that can move continuously, this point is for realizing that the production automation provides strong technical guarantee.In addition by technology of the present invention, after the junked tire stripping and slicing is ground, also to stand screening, selection by winnowing, magnetic separation, look and select step, thereby make the rubber purity of recovery very high, can be as the raw material of high-grade rubber product.The present invention adopts the hammer slice type reducing mechanism to replace traditional ball mill, and equipment such as steel-tooth mill make the meticulous pulverizing of described recovery rubber, have avoided abrading-ball, and the metal between roll flute and the casing impacts and friction, thereby has guaranteed the high-purity of rubber powder.The high efficiency of this pulverizer has guaranteed that recovery rubber is pulverized subtly under brittle state.
Claims (4)
1. reclaim the technology of rubber from junked tire, it is made up of following steps:
(1) cross section that described junked tire cut growth catercorner length is not more than 8cm assumes diamond in shape, the stripping and slicing of regular prism shape, and make the pre-treatment step of its water content less than 0.3% (weight);
(2) with refrigeration machine described junked tire stripping and slicing is chilled to deep cooling step below the rubber brittle temperature,, this deep cooling step is lower than in-120 ℃ the environment above-mentioned junked tire stripping and slicing to be detained at least 12 minutes in temperature;
(3) make through deep cooling and the described junked tire stripping and slicing fragmentation of embrittlement, impurity elimination and reclaim that to contain carbon black be the step of the rubber grain more than 99.7% in interior purity, the granularity of the rubber grain that reclaims is less than 3mm, this fragmentation is undertaken by barreling formula disintegrating machine, this barreling formula disintegrating machine comprises on two groups, the grinding roller that be arranged in parallel down, on adjacent, the plane that the center line of following grinding roller constitutes is perpendicular to horizontal plane, the outer surface of each grinding roller is being inlayed the roller shell that has uniform squamous projection, the distance of two locking phases between the last roller surface that rotates is 10-12mm, and the distance between the following roller surface of two asynchronous rotations in opposite directions is 3mm;
(4) will be through deep cooling and the further broken step of the above-mentioned recovery rubber grain of embrittlement, make it experience a shock, shear and grind, become granularity less than 120 purpose rubber powders;
Wherein, in above-mentioned (2) to the step of (4), used conveying device comprises that cotton textiles knit system, that be soaked with negative ion cellulose, the thickness conveyer belt of 12mm at least, supports a plurality of active carrying rollers of this conveyer belt, and the crossbeam that links to each other rotationally with described active carrying roller edge;
2. the technology of claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described pre-treatment step (1) is made up of following steps:
(A) dry-cleaning junked tire;
(B) cut the alloy rim of described junked tire both sides, and described junked tire is cut away half along circumferential line;
(C) the described junked tire that will be broken away is cut into stripping and slicing that cross section assumes diamond in shape, regular prism shape;
(D) the stripping and slicing oven dry that makes described regular prism shape to its water content less than 0.7% (weight);
(E) make described stripping and slicing dehumidifying, to its water content less than 0.3% (weight), its temperature is reduced to environment temperature;
Described fragmentation, impurity elimination step (3) comprising:
(A) will be broken into the junked tire particle of granularity through the junked tire stripping and slicing of subzero treatment less than 3mm;
(B) remove the length be mixed in the described junked tire particle cord fiber and steel wire less than 8cm;
(C) remove the length be mixed in the described junked tire particle cord fiber and steel wire less than 3mm;
(D) remove the magnetisable material that is mixed in the described junked tire particle;
(E) remove the namagnetic substance that is mixed in the described junked tire particle.
3. the equipment that is used for the technology of claim 1 or 2, this equipment is by the preliminary treatment station, the deep cooling station, broken impurity elimination station and further breaker position are formed, and described preliminary treatment station comprises cleaning machine, cutting machine, cutting machine, dryer and the dehumidifier that order is provided with;
Described deep cooling station comprises a tunnel-shaped straight deep cooling chamber, the refrigeration unit that communicates with it by the cooling medium pipe that is located in the described deep cooling chamber, be located at described deep cooling chamber two ends respectively, shape, structure and measure-alike rotary feed arrangement and rotary discharger, and be located at conveying device in this deep cooling chamber;
Described broken impurity elimination station sequentially comprises barreling formula disintegrating machine, screening machine, winnowing machine, magnetic separator and color selector;
Described further broken station comprises the beater disintegrating machine that is arranged in the deep cooling chamber, and this beater disintegrating machine comprises:
(1) one group of hammer leaf that is fixed on the rotating shaft, described hammer leaf is the polygonal star of reversing by certain direction, there is cutting edge at its tip, each hammer leaf in this hammer leaf group is arranged by the mode of the angle that staggers equably, the helical angle of top end face formation that causes each hammer leaf point in this hammer leaf group is 40 °-50 ° a helicoid, and the torsional direction of this helicoid is consistent with the direction of rotation of this rotary main shaft;
(2) a pair of is the cutting knife that is horizontally fixed on described hammer leaf group both sides axisymmetrically with described rotating shaft, and the length of described cutting knife is identical with the length of described hammer leaf group, and the edge of a knife of described cutting knife and the cutting edge of hammer leaf keep predetermined gap;
(3) be positioned at described hammer leaf group below, and keep the screen cloth of specified gap with this hammer leaf group.
4. claim 3 equipment, wherein:
(1) cleaning machine is equipped with the compound brush of a plurality of steel wire-nylon described in this preliminary treatment station, by mechanical hand-guided dry cleaner;
(2) described cutting machine comprises the cutting knife that is located at these machine both sides symmetrically and is located at the central cutter of position, intermediate portion;
(3) described cutting machine comprise one can be periodically in accordance with regulations apart from lateral displacement, that the continuous zigzag cutter of line is housed on it, can and be positioned at chopping block under this cutter backing roll around the cutter backing roll of its center line rotation;
Rotary feed arrangement described in this deep cooling station and rotary discharger all comprise a horizontal positioned, the axle vertical with described deep cooling chamber center line, be located on this, be fixedly linked with its long limit and this, by this radial oriented and equally distributed polylith rectangular clapboard, be located at described rectangular clapboard short end, be fixedly linked with it and two the flat circular end caps vertical with described axle, hold described axle, dividing plate and end cap, on, the below has the inner core of feed openings and discharge openings respectively, is located at inner core and dividing plate, sealing device between end cap;
(4) described conveying device comprises that cotton textiles knit system, that be soaked with negative ion cellulose, the thickness conveyer belt of 12mm at least, supports a plurality of active carrying rollers of this conveyer belt, and the crossbeam that links to each other rotationally with described active carrying roller edge;
Barreling formula disintegrating machine in the described broken impurity elimination station comprises two groups of upper and lower grinding rollers that be arranged in parallel, the plane that the center line of adjacent upper and lower grinding roller constitutes is perpendicular to horizontal plane, the outer surface of each grinding roller is being inlayed the roller shell that has uniform squamous projection, the distance of two locking phases between the last roller surface that rotates is 10-12mm, and the distance between the following roller surface of two asynchronous rotations in opposite directions is 3mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004100464939A CN1216725C (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2004-06-10 | Technology for treating spent tyre and its used equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004100464939A CN1216725C (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2004-06-10 | Technology for treating spent tyre and its used equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1590060A CN1590060A (en) | 2005-03-09 |
| CN1216725C true CN1216725C (en) | 2005-08-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2004100464939A Expired - Lifetime CN1216725C (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2004-06-10 | Technology for treating spent tyre and its used equipment |
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| CN (1) | CN1216725C (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102744802A (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2012-10-24 | 东莞芳言塑胶科技有限公司 | Method for processing hot melt adhesive waste products into raw material |
| CN103056015A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-04-24 | 山东舜合胶业有限公司 | Feeding machine based on waste radial steel wire tire rubber block automatic impurity removal |
| CN104056689A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-09-24 | 中国建材国际工程集团有限公司 | Rotor structure for sheet glass crusher |
| CN104552664A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 何志斌 | Fine rubber powder cold grinding unit and method for generating fine rubber powder by using same |
| CN108515642A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-11 | 王慧丽 | A kind of technics of reclaim of plastic waste utilizes method |
| CN108442058B (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2023-07-18 | 华尔科技集团股份有限公司 | Dyeing yarn cage |
| CN111844541B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2022-04-22 | 浙江发光橡胶密封件股份有限公司 | Waste rubber recycling device |
| CN109176967A (en) * | 2018-08-25 | 2019-01-11 | 许慧 | A kind of regeneration preparation facilities of waste old |
| CN111619034A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-09-04 | 卢洪宇 | High polymer material recycling system |
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