CN1215105C - Preparation method of long acting anti drought and water reserving material and its application - Google Patents
Preparation method of long acting anti drought and water reserving material and its application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a permanent drought-resisting water-retention material and a preparation method thereof. The material is prepared by the method that the water solution copolymerization of acrylic derivatives and acylamino monomers is carried out under the existence of a cross linking agent so as to obtain super water-absorbing resin copolymers, and simultaneously, the 1, 3-dioxolane compounds (RAD) with the functions of improving the drought resistance and the salt resistance of crops are introduced into the material so as to obtain the permanent drought-resisting water-retention material. The material has the advantages of superior water absorbability and salt water absorbing rate, and can be widely applied to agriculture and forestry; meanwhile, the permanent drought-resisting water-retention material also has the advantages of simple preparation technology, low energy consumption, convenient application and improvement on the moisture condition of soil after being applied to the soil, and has the functions of long-term drought resistance, water retention and plant growth promotion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of by super absorbent resin multipolymer and 1, the long acting anti drought and water reserving material that 3-dioxolane compounds (RAD) makes, and the preparation method of this water-keeping material and its application on agroforestry.
Technical background
The agrochemistry water-saving technology comprises the application of chemicals such as chemical covering and antitranspirant, super absorbent resin etc.As far back as the thirties, the former Soviet Union just begins to suppress soil water evaporation with naphtha soap, reduces moisture evaporation 60%-70%, to the sixties, the chemistry water-saving technology has caused extensive attention in countries such as Japan, France, India, applied chemistry soverlay technique on agricultural successively, and effect of increasing production is fine.China is in the later stage sixties, suppressing to have done a large amount of research work aspect rising, and developing soil surface heating agent, soil moisture conservation heating agent etc.The mid-1970s has been developed the very strong super absorbent resin of water-absorbent by the U.S., is used for afforestation, and aspects such as seed coating and sapling transplanting have obtained good effect, and people have carried out extensive studies to the super absorbent resin anti-drought water-retaining agent thereafter.
Super absorbent resin divides by forming, and generally is divided into cellulose graft thing class, starch-grafted thing class and synthetic polymer class.Synthetic polymer class polymerization process commonly used has solution method and inverse suspension method, uses water in the solution method always as solvent, and because the extremely strong wetting ability of product makes the dry difficulty of product, production energy consumption height.Use organic solvent in the inverse suspension method, also had the problem that needs to reclaim a large amount of solvents.Patent in the past (CN86104111A, US5397845, US5610220, US4654393 US5118719) has proposed the technology of multiple preparation super absorbent resin, has comprised the improvement to pick up (absorbing water, salt solution etc.) and rate of liquid aspiration.But also there is the shortcoming of high energy consumption in these technologies, can not effectively reduce cost; Though and general synthesized polymer class super absorbent resin has high water-intake rate, but absorption salt ratio very low (both differ about 10 times), can not reach the effect of long-term drought-resistant water-preserving and promotion plant-growth, in the agroforestry practicality, can not reach ideal drought-resistant water-preserving effect; Though the polymeric type super absorbent resin can improve the moisture content and the efficiency of water application of crop surrounding environment, they are for the raising effect of the drought resistance of plant itself and other resistance and not obvious.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ratio of performance to price height, have higher water absorption, absorption salt ratio and anti-degeneration-resistant bioactive long acting anti drought and water reserving material such as saline and alkaline, drought-resistant.Overcome that existing super absorbent resin drought-resistant water-preserving is poor, function singleness, the ratio of performance to price are low, shortcoming that can not widespread use on agroforestry.
Another object of the present invention provides that a kind of cost is low, easy to operate, the preparation method of this kind long acting anti drought and water reserving material of being suitable for scale operation.
Another purpose of the present invention provide this kind long acting anti drought and water reserving material to crop in the application aspect anti-saline and alkaline, the drought-resistant and plant growth regulating activity.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of long acting anti drought and water reserving material provided by the invention comprises:
(a) the cross-linked polymer component of 0.5%-3.2% (W/W) and
(b) 96.8%-99.5%'s (W/W) contains 1,3-dioxolane compounds (RAD)
Component;
Wherein, virgin resin content is 30%-60% in the cross-linked polymer component (a), and all the other are moisture content; The concentration that contains RAD in (b) component of RAD is 10-100ppm;
Said virgin resin is: monomeric cross-linked homopolymer of acrylate derivative or the monomer crosslinked homopolymer of amide group or the monomer crosslinked multipolymer of acrylate derivative-amide group; Linking agent is the 0.01-1% (W/W) of monomer total amount.
The said water miscible acrylate derivative monomer of the present invention comprises:
Contain carboxylic monomer: as vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid;
Carboxylate-containing base monomer: its salt has an alkali metal salt, ammonium salt, amine salt; As sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, vinylformic acid trolamine, methacrylic acid trolamine etc.;
The ester of acrylic acid derivative or ether monomer: as methacrylic ethyl ester, Hydroxyethyl acrylate, Rocryl 410, Propylene glycol monoacrylate, methacrylic acid second triethyleneglycol ester, vinylformic acid second triethyleneglycol ester and many oxyethylene-oxidation propylene glycol list propylene ether;
Described water miscible acrylate derivative polymer of monomers can be above-mentioned all kinds of monomeric homopolymer, also can be two or more monomeric multipolymers.
The said amide-containing monomer of the present invention: as acrylamide, Methacrylamide and N-alkyl acrylamide, the N-alkyl acrylamide as N methacrylamide, N-hexyl acrylamide etc., also comprises their mixture.
Described amide group polymer of monomers can be the monomeric homopolymer of above-mentioned all kinds of amide-containing, also can be two or more monomeric multipolymers.
Acrylate derivative-amide group monomer copolymer can be one or more the acrylate derivative and the multipolymer of one or more amide group monomer formation.
The said linking agent of the present invention refers to polyvalent alcohol (comprising ethylene glycol, glycerol, polyoxyethylene glycol, polyglycerol etc.); Bisacrylamide, two Methacrylamide, as N, N-methylene bis acrylamide, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide; Can form the polyvalent metal compounds of ion-exchange: comprise alkaline earth metal compound: as magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium acetate, magnesium acetate etc. and Zinc compounds, as zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, zinc acetate etc.Employed linking agent must be water miscible.Can use mixture a kind of or that the 2-3 kind is above.The consumption of linking agent accounts for the 0.01-1% of raw material gross weight, and is more suitable with the consumption of 0.02-0.5%.
The said RAD of the present invention is meant to have 1 of following general formula [I] chemical structure, 3-dioxolane compounds.
R is alkyl, phenyl, substituted-phenyl, furyl or the thiophene phenyl etc. of C1-C20 in the formula.
Synthetic general formula R AD compound, carry out according to the following steps:
The catalyzer of getting 1-10g is added in the aldehyde of 1mol, adds the ethylene glycol of 1-1.2mol and the solvent of 300-500ml again, mixes and pours in the reactor, install water trap again, with usual method reflux water-dividing 4-8 hour, slough solvent, underpressure distillation gets the RAD compounds;
Described aldehyde comprises: formaldehyde, phenyl aldehyde, furtural, pyridylaldehyde or crotonaldehyde etc.;
Described catalyzer comprises: tartrate, oxalic acid, aluminium sesquioxide or p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid;
Described solvent comprises benzene, toluene or methylene dichloride.
Long acting anti drought and water reserving material of the present invention also can add the 3-hydroxyl-5 methyl isoxzzole (disliking mould spirit) of 10-100ppm in the solution (b) of RAD component.
The long acting anti drought and water reserving material preparation method is as follows among the present invention:
(1) in polymer monomer solution, adds linking agent, this polymer monomer solution can be water miscible acrylate derivative monomer solution or several monomeric mixture solution, also can be the monomeric solution of amide-containing, also can be the monomeric mixture solution of vinylformic acid and derivative solution thereof and amide-containing; The cross-linked dosage that adds is the 0.01-1% of monomer total mass.Water-bath 20-50 ℃, stir and made dissolving in 20-60 minute; Add initiator again, stir.Add aided initiating solution, stir; The reaction solution discharging to the standing and reacting container, to predetermined temperature of reaction reaction 1-0.5 hour, is warming up to warming-in-water 60-100 ℃ then and leaves standstill abundant reaction with reaction solution, cooling discharging obtains the not dry aqueous resins of crossing.
(2) with above-mentioned aqueous resins, be cut into small pieces; With RAD preparation or RAD preparation with dislike mould spirit and add the solution that water is made into 10-100ppm (20-60ppm is better);
(3) with resin in 1: the ratio (W/W) of 30-200 (50-100 is better) joins respectively in the above-mentioned solution, leaves standstill 10-24 hour, with mechanical stirring gel is pulverized into about the square gel particle of 1-10mm then.
The said initiator of the present invention refers to hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, ammonium persulphate, Potassium Persulphate etc., also comprises their mixture.Consumption be the monomer total amount 0.1-1.0% (0.2-0.5% is better) (W/W).
The said aided initiating of the present invention refers to ferrous sulfate, S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, Sulfothiorine, organic acid such as L-xitix etc., or their mixture.Consumption be amount of initiator 0.2-1.0% (0.3-0.8% is better) (W/W).
This preparation technology's advantage is to have cancelled the operation of resin drying and dried resin pulverizing, has reduced energy consumption, has eliminated dust pollution, has avoided producing meticulous toner, has therefore also reduced production cost, has improved the operability of technology.
Also can be in above-mentioned preparation technology with after the aqueous resins drying and crushing, add 1-10g RAD preparation or every 100g resin in every 100g resin and add the ratio that 1-10g RAD preparation and 2-10g dislike mould spirit and make granular mixture.
The long acting anti drought and water reserving material application method is for mixing local method and dipping in the root method among the present invention.Mixed local method is after long acting anti drought and water reserving material of the present invention is added 100-200 times of water and is made into gel, with soil in the plant species plant hole in 0.5-1: 3 ratio (W/W) thorough mixing, plant is implanted in the hole, banket and water.Also can be with the method for imposing, this method is applicable to the forest of shaping, is as the criterion with the projection of tree crown, digs the hole or the groove of 30-40 centimetre around the tree crown, the degree of depth is as the criterion with the exposed portions serve root system, and long acting anti drought and water reserving material and hole subsoil are mixed, and bankets and waters.Amount of application is set 1-2 kilogram/strain inmature age, becomes to set age 2-3 kilogram/strain.
Dipping in the root method is that long acting anti drought and water reserving material of the present invention is made into gel with 100-200 times of water, press 1 with fine earth: the mixed of 1-3 (W/W), furnishing mud, plant root is dipped into mud, make root adhere to mud, can plant after the taking-up, or transport or store with plastics film parcel root.
Water-keeping material provided by the invention has high-hydroscopicity, high absorption salt ratio and resists advantages such as saline and alkaline, drought-resistant, can widespread use on agroforestry.And the preparation technology of this water-keeping material is simple, has reduced energy consumption, has eliminated the dust pollution in the preparation process, has therefore also reduced production cost, has improved the operability of technology.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing potassium hydroxide 15.35g, add 125ml water, stirring and dissolving is cooled to room temperature, measures vinylformic acid 20ml (technical grade reagent), and being neutralized to pH value with potassium hydroxide solution is 6-7.Take by weighing 5g acrylamide and 0.02g N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide.Drop in the acrylic acid solution after the above-mentioned neutralization, water-bath is stirred for 25 ℃ and was made it dissolving in 30 minutes; Take by weighing the 0.11g ammonium persulphate and add in the above-mentioned solution, stir.Take by weighing the 0.08g S-WAT and be dissolved in the 10ml water, add in the above-mentioned solution and stir; With warming-in-water to 40 ℃ reaction half an hour, reaction solution was warming up to 80 ℃ of standing and reacting 3 hours then, cooling discharging.Resin is cut into fritter, puts into the 2-phenyl-1 of 50ppm, left standstill 10 hours in the 3-dioxolane solution (ratio that adds 60ml solution in every gram resin), make the gel long acting anti drought and water reserving material.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing potassium hydroxide 14.05g, add 125ml water, stirring and dissolving is cooled to room temperature, measures vinylformic acid 10ml, methacrylic acid 15ml (technical grade), and being neutralized to pH value with potassium hydroxide solution is 6-7.Take by weighing 5g acrylamide and 0.03g zinc acetate.Drop in the acrylic acid solution after the above-mentioned neutralization, water-bath is stirred for 25 ℃ and was made dissolving in 30 minutes; Take by weighing the 0.13g ammonium persulphate and add in the above-mentioned solution, stir.Take by weighing the 0.08g S-WAT and be dissolved in the 10ml water, add in the above-mentioned solution and stir; With warming-in-water to 40 ℃ reaction half an hour, reaction solution was warming up to 80 ℃ of standing and reacting 3 hours then, cooling discharging.Resin is cut into fritter, puts into the 2-furyl-1 of 50ppm, left standstill 10 hours in the 3-dioxolane solution (ratio that adds 60ml solution in every gram resin), make the gel long acting anti drought and water reserving material.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing potassium hydroxide 15.35g, add 125ml water, stirring and dissolving is cooled to room temperature, measures vinylformic acid 20ml (technical grade), and being neutralized to pH value with potassium hydroxide solution is 6-7.It is standby to be cooled to room temperature; Take by weighing 5g acrylamide and 0.03g N, the zinc chloride of N '-methylene-bisacrylamide and 0.01g.Drop in the acrylic acid solution after the above-mentioned neutralization, water-bath is stirred for 25 ℃ and was made dissolving in 30 minutes; Take by weighing the 0.10g ammonium persulphate and add in the above-mentioned solution, stir.The ferrous sulfate that takes by weighing 0.11g is dissolved in the 10ml water, adds in the above-mentioned solution to stir; Warming-in-water to predetermined temperature of reaction is reacted half an hour for 40 ℃, reaction solution was warming up to 80 ℃ of standing and reacting 3 hours then, cooling discharging.Resin is cut into fritter, puts into the 2-pyridyl-1 of 25ppm, left standstill 10 hours in the 3-dioxolane solution (ratio that adds 60ml solution in every gram resin), make the gel long acting anti drought and water reserving material.
Embodiment 4
Take by weighing potassium hydroxide 15.35g, add 125ml water, stirring and dissolving is cooled to room temperature, measures vinylformic acid 20ml (technical grade), and being neutralized to pH value with potassium hydroxide solution is 6-7.It is standby to be cooled to room temperature; Take by weighing 5g acrylamide and 0.02g glycerol, drop in the acrylic acid solution after the above-mentioned neutralization, water-bath is stirred for 25 ℃ and was made dissolving in 30 minutes; Take by weighing the 0.11g ammonium persulphate and add in the above-mentioned solution, stir.Take by weighing the 0.08g sodium bisulfite and be dissolved in the 10ml water, add in the above-mentioned solution and stir; Warming-in-water to predetermined temperature of reaction is reacted half an hour for 40 ℃, reaction solution was warming up to 80 ℃ of standing and reacting 3 hours then, cooling discharging.Resin is cut into fritter, and drying is 30 hours under 70-100 ℃, is crushed to the 20-40 order.Add the 0.02 2-furyl-1 that restrains by every gram resin, the ratio preparating mixture of 3-dioxolane 20% emulsion is granular long acting anti drought and water reserving material.
Embodiment 5
Take by weighing potassium hydroxide 15.35g, add 125ml water, stirring and dissolving is cooled to room temperature, measures vinylformic acid 20ml (technical grade), and being neutralized to pH value with potassium hydroxide solution is 6-7.It is standby to be cooled to room temperature; Take by weighing 5g acrylamide and 0.02g glycerol, drop in the acrylic acid solution after the above-mentioned neutralization, water-bath is stirred for 25 ℃ and was made dissolving in 30 minutes; Take by weighing the 0.11g ammonium persulphate and add in the above-mentioned solution, stir.Take by weighing the 0.08g sodium bisulfite and be dissolved in the 10ml water, add in the above-mentioned solution and stir; Warming-in-water to predetermined temperature of reaction is reacted half an hour for 40 ℃, reaction solution was warming up to 80 ℃ of standing and reacting 3 hours then, cooling discharging.Resin is cut into fritter, and the ratio that adds 60ml solution in every gram resin is put into the 2-furyl-1 that contains 50ppm, and 3-dioxolane RAD and 50ppm dislike in the solution of mould spirit and left standstill 10 hours, make the gel long acting anti drought and water reserving material.
Embodiment 6
Take by weighing potassium hydroxide 14.05g, add 125ml water, stirring and dissolving is cooled to room temperature; Measure vinylformic acid 20ml and methacrylic acid 5ml, adding potassium hydroxide solution, to be neutralized to pH value be 6-7, and it is standby to be cooled to room temperature.Take by weighing 0.02g N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide.Drop in vinylformic acid after the above-mentioned neutralization, the methacrylic acid solution, water-bath is stirred for 25 ℃ and was made dissolving in 30 minutes; Take by weighing the 0.10g Potassium Persulphate and add in the above-mentioned solution, stir.Take by weighing the 0.08g S-WAT and be dissolved in the 10ml water, add in the above-mentioned solution and stir; Warming-in-water to predetermined temperature of reaction is reacted half an hour for 40 ℃, reaction solution was warming up to 80 ℃ of standing and reacting 3 hours then, cooling discharging.Resin is cut into fritter, and the ratio that adds 60ml solution in every gram resin is put into the 2-pyridyl-1 of 50ppm, leaves standstill 10 hours in the 3-dioxolane solution RAD solution, makes the gel long acting anti drought and water reserving material.
Embodiment 7
Take by weighing acrylamide 25g, add 100ml water, stirring and dissolving.Take by weighing 0.02g polypropylene glycol and 0.10g ammonium persulphate and add in the above-mentioned solution, stir.Take by weighing 0.06g Sulfothiorine and be dissolved in the 10ml water, add in the above-mentioned solution and stir; Warming-in-water to predetermined temperature of reaction reaction half an hour, was warming up to reaction solution 80 ℃ of standing and reacting 3 hours, cooling discharging then.Resin is cut into fritter, and drying is 20 hours under 80 ℃, is crushed to the 20-40 order.Add 0.02 by every gram resin and restrain 20% 2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane missible oil and 0.03 gram are disliked the ratio preparating mixture of mould spirit, are granular long acting anti drought and water reserving material.
Embodiment 8
The special-purpose water-holding agent of the water-keeping material that makes with embodiment 5,6, BY woods fruit (Tangshan Bo Yake skill company limited respectively, mainly be polyacrylate) and BY high energy anti-drought water-retaining agent and water be mixed into coagulant liquid by 1: 100 weight ratio and 2% NaCl solution, get above-mentioned four kinds of coagulant liquid 10g respectively and put into culture dish, above coagulant liquid, spread gauze then, place 12 pieces of wheat seeds on the gauze, add a cover the growth cabinet of putting into 20 ℃ again and sprout.CK represents that the NaCl solution (not adding water-keeping material) with 2% is contrast.
Sprout and investigate after 10 days, measure the fresh weight and the dry weight of radicle bar number, radicle length, radicle and plumule, investigation result sees the following form.
Table 1 wheat salt resistance test-results
| CK | Embodiment 5 water-keeping materials | Embodiment 6 water-keeping materials | BY woods fruit water-holding agent | BY high energy anti-drought water-retaining agent | |
| Radical (bar) | 2.6 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 3.1 |
| Root long (cm) | 2.4 | 2.44 | 2.51 | 2.32 | 2.27 |
| Radical bud fresh weight (g) | 0.231 | 0.375 | 0.318 | 0.236 | 0.242 |
| Radical bud dry weight (g) | 0.053 | 0.068 | 0.061 | 0.051 | 0.052 |
| Moisture (g) | 0.178 | 0.307 | 0.257 | 0.185 | 0.190 |
| Tissue water content (%) | 77.1 | 81.9 | 80.8 | 78.4 | 78.5 |
Under condition of salt stress, root system is the organ that at first is hurt, and the length of root amount and root is one of important indicator of crop salt resistance.By table 1 interpretation of result, long from the bar number and the root of root, embodiment 5 water-keeping materials and embodiment 6 water-keeping materials all are better than other three kinds of processing, and showing has short root effect.
More tissue water content can keep water supply preferably, also can keep the normal physiological function of long period, to alleviate the degree of salt damage.By above root amount and two indexs of tissue water content, embodiment 5 water-keeping materials and embodiment 6 water-keeping materials all are better than other three kinds of processing, and showing has good salt resistance.
Embodiment 9
Carry out indoor growth experiment with wheat, Chinese pine and arbor-vitae three kind of plant.
Used long acting anti drought and water reserving material is embodiment 1, and embodiment 2, and prepared water-keeping material among the embodiment 3 directly mixes soil during use.
The using method of BY woods fruit water-holding agent and BY high energy anti-drought water-retaining agent is for earlier dried resin and water being made into hydrogel by the ratio of 1: 150 (mass ratio), and is mixed then native.Take by weighing 60g soil and 30g gel and mix back adding plastic cup, get 40g soil then and be re-used as overburden soil as subsoil.
RAD is treated to 25 and the 2-pyridyl-1 of 50ppm 3-dioxolane seed soaking 10 hours.Get 60g soil and add plastic cup, get 40g soil then and be re-used as overburden soil, add 30ml water as subsoil.
CK represents to use undressed seed, gets 60g soil and adds plastic cup as subsoil, gets 40g soil then and is re-used as overburden soil, adds 30ml water in contrast;
Eight processing are established in experiment altogether, and each is handled and repeats 4 times, 10 kind subrecord plant germinations of plantation, growing state in each cup.For wheat, do not rewater later on, until withered.For arbor-vitae and Chinese pine, water water before emerging weekly one time, do not rewater after emerging, until withered.
Experimental result is as follows:
Table 2 long acting anti drought and water reserving material is to wheat seedling rate and the influence of withered time of full stand
| Handle | Seedling rate (%) | The 7th day average plant height (mm) | The withered time of full stand (my god) |
| 25ppm RAD seed soaking 50ppm RAD seed soaking BY woods fruit water-holding agent hydrogel mixes native BY high energy anti-drought water-retaining agent gel and mixes soil | 81.3 78.1 83.4 81.3 | 39.5 38.4 42.5 43.3 | 14 14 15* 14 |
| Embodiment 1 water-keeping material mixes native embodiment 2 water-keeping materials and mixes the mixed native CK of native embodiment 3 water-keeping materials | 81.3 85.0 81.3 78.1 | 47.4** 49.2** 49.7** 38.7 | 16* 17* 18** 12 |
Annotate: experiment condition is: temperature 299K (26 ℃), relative humidity 18%.
The * of numeral back and * * represent the significance of difference degree of each processing and contrast ratio, and the t check is * P＜0.05 * * P＜0.01 down.
Table 3 long acting anti drought and water reserving material is to Chinese pine seedling rate and the influence of withered time of full stand
| Handle | Seedling rate (%) | The 21st day average plant height (mm) | The withered time of full stand (my god) |
| The mixed native CK of 25ppm RAD seed soaking 50ppm RAD seed soaking BY woods fruit mixed native embodiment 3 water-keeping materials of mixed native embodiment 2 water-keeping materials of mixed native embodiment 1 water-keeping material of the mixed native BY high energy anti-drought water-retaining agent gel of water-loss reducer hydrogel | 78.1 78.1 78.1 81.3 81.3 81.3 83.4 75.0 | 27.8 25.8 30.4* 31.1* 32.5* 35.3* 34.2* 24.1 | 30* 30* 29 30* 32* 32* 33* 26 |
Annotate: experiment condition is: temperature 299K (26 ℃), relative humidity 18%.*P＜0.05。
Table 4 long acting anti drought and water reserving material is to arbor-vitae seedling rate and the influence of withered time of full stand
| Handle | Seedling rate (%) | The 21st day average plant height (mm) | The withered time of full stand (my god) |
| The mixed soil of 25ppm RAD seed soaking 50ppm RAD seed soaking BY woods fruit mixed native embodiment 3 water-keeping materials of mixed native embodiment 2 water-keeping materials of mixed native embodiment 1 water-keeping material of the mixed native BY high energy anti-drought water-retaining agent gel of water-loss reducer hydrogel | 78.1 81.3 81.3 83.1 81.3 83.4 85.0 | 21.4 23.2 25.3* 26.2* 28.5* 27.4* 29.1 | 29 30* 31* 30* 35** 32* 34** |
| CK | 78.1 | 21.5 | 27 |
Annotate: experiment condition is: temperature 299K (26 ℃), relative humidity 18%.*P＜0.05，**P＜0.01。
As can be seen, all there are prolongation in various degree the processing of adding High hydrophilous resin hydrogel and the withered phase of processing of RAD seed soaking, on plant height, also have a clear superiority in, bud ratio also increases, use the treatment effect of long acting anti drought and water reserving material hydrogel the most obvious, above presentation of results is promoting plant and is improving on the drought-resistant ability of plant that the long acting anti drought and water reserving material effect is obvious.
Embodiment 10
Action effect to long acting anti drought and water reserving material and RAD and BY woods fruit water-holding agent and high energy anti-drought water-retaining agent compares.
Experiment material is a wheat.
The long acting anti drought and water reserving material preparation method is with embodiment 4 and 5, wherein the RAD using method is the 2-pyridyl-1 of 25ppm, 3-dioxolane seed soaking 10 hours, the using method of long acting anti drought and water reserving material and BY woods fruit water-holding agent is dry substance and mixes soil, and water-keeping material and soil ratio are 1: 100 (W/W).The results are shown in Table 5.Four processing are established in experiment altogether, and each is handled and repeats 4 times.Record plant germination, growing state.Experimentation begins the 30ml that waters, and does not rewater in the experimentation, until withered.
The action effect of table 5 long acting anti drought and water reserving material relatively
| Handle | Seedling rate (%) | The 7th day average plant height (mm) | The 12nd day average plant height (mm) |
| 25ppmRAD BY woods fruit water-holding agent BY high energy anti-drought water-retaining agent embodiment 4 water-keeping material embodiment 5 water-keeping material CK | 84.3 84.3 86.1 87.5 95.2 78.1 | 44.5* 43.7* 44.6* 46.3* 51.3** 39.8 | 59.2 62.1 63.5 86.6 91.8 has been withered |
Annotate: experiment condition is: temperature 298K (25 ℃), relative humidity 34%.*P＜0.05。
As seen from Table 5, the RAD of 25ppm, two kinds of long acting anti drought and water reserving materials, BY woods fruit water-holding agent and high energy anti-drought water-retaining agents all have tangible drought resisting growth promoting effect, the corresponding processing on the average plant height of the 7th day and the 12nd day obviously is better than contrast, and the effect of long acting anti drought and water reserving material obviously is better than RAD and BY woods really water-holding agent and high energy anti-drought water-retaining agent.Withered to the 12nd day of impinging upon after the plantation, use the processing of RAD withered sign just to occur, and use the processing The wheat is growing well of long acting anti drought and water reserving material and BY water-holding agent.Effect to two kinds of long acting anti drought and water reserving materials compares as can be known in addition, embodiment 5 water-keeping materials all are better than embodiment 4 water-keeping materials on percentage of germination and same period height of seedling, and both differences only are that embodiment 5 water-keeping materials have added the mould spirit of evil, presentation of results greatly reduces Plant diseases after adding the mould spirit of evil, has promoted plant-growth.
Embodiment 11
Investigate long acting anti drought and water reserving material to planting the influence of plant in the sand, the long acting anti drought and water reserving material preparation method is with embodiment 1 and 2.
Table 6 long acting anti drought and water reserving material is to the influence of wheat growth in the sand
| Handle | Seedling rate (%) | The 7th day average plant height (mm) | The 12nd day average plant height (mm) |
| Embodiment 4 water-keeping material embodiment 4 water-keeping material CK | 84.3 87.0 81.3 | 53.1 49.7 40.2 | 103.2 93.5 has been withered |
Annotate: experiment condition is: temperature 298K (25 ℃), relative humidity 34%.
As seen from Table 6, long acting anti drought and water reserving material can play tangible water-preserving promoting effect, and is withered at the 12nd day contrast wheat of plantation after the wheat, and with the processing of long acting anti drought and water reserving material still well-grown, do not have the sign of withering.
Embodiment 12
The long acting anti drought and water reserving material that makes with embodiment 1,2,3 and soil are made into mud by 4: 1 weight ratio respectively, during afforestation the sapling root system are dipped in and plant after getting mud.Every mu of consumption 112g-450g, individual plant consumption 0.51-1.3g.
The long acting anti drought and water reserving material that makes with embodiment 4 and soil and water are made into mud by 1: 100: 25 weight ratio, during afforestation the sapling root system are dipped in and plant after getting mud.Every mu of consumption 112g-450g, individual plant consumption 0.51-1.3g.
With 2 years living arbor-vitae bare-root seedings, seeding row spacing was generally 1m * 1m, plants while dipping in then during afforestation, planted the back having peace of mind, planted back four months " Invest, Then Investigate " surviving rates.
Conventional afforestation compares.
Table 4 arbor-vitae is used the water-keeping material afforestation effect
| Water-keeping material 1 | Water-keeping material 2 | Water-keeping material 3 | Water-keeping material 4 | Contrast |
| Afforestation strain number | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 |
| Survive number | 195 | 199 | 200 | 197 | 144 |
| Surviving rate (%) | 97.5 | 99.5 | 100 | 98.5 | 72.0 |
As seen after using long acting water-keeping material, surviving rate was all very high after sapling was planted.The result of use difference of several long acting water-keeping materials is little, and it is generally good to survive, and surviving rate is near 100%, and contrast nursery stock cured leaf is heavier, and part is dead, surviving rate only about 72%.
Claims (10)
1. long acting anti drought and water reserving material comprises:
(a) the cross-linked polymer component of 0.5wt%-3.2wt% and
(b) 96.8wt%-99.5wt%'s contains 1 of structure shown in the formula [I], 3-dioxolane compounds component;
Wherein, virgin resin content is 30%-60% in the cross-linked polymer component (a), and all the other are moisture content; Contain 1, in (b) component of 3-dioxolane compounds 1, the concentration of 3-dioxolane compounds is 10-100ppm;
Said virgin resin is: monomeric cross-linked homopolymer of acrylate derivative or acrylamide monomers cross-linked homopolymer or acrylate derivative-acrylamide monomers cross-linking copolymer; Linking agent is the 0.01-1wt% of monomer total amount;
Described acrylate derivative monomer is vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid, or an alkali metal salt of vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid, ammonium salt, amine salt, or the ester of vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid or ether; Described acrylamide monomers is an acrylamide or/and N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide;
Described 1,3-dioxolane compounds is for having following structural formula [I]:
R is alkyl, phenyl, substituted-phenyl, furyl or the thiophene phenyl of C1-C20 in the formula.
2. long acting anti drought and water reserving material as claimed in claim 1,1 of the structure shown in [I] that it is characterized in that having formula also comprises the mould spirit of evil of 10-100ppm in the solution (b) of 3-dioxolane compounds component.
3. the preparation method of the described long acting anti drought and water reserving material of claim 1:
(a) in polymer monomer solution, add linking agent, this polymer monomer solution can be water miscible acrylate derivative monomer solution or several monomeric mixture solution, also can be the solution that contains acrylamide monomers, also can be vinylformic acid and derivative solution thereof and the mixture solution that contains acrylamide monomers; The cross-linked dosage that adds is the 0.01-1% of monomer total mass; Water-bath 20-50 ℃, stirring and dissolving; Add initiator again, stir, add aided initiating solution, stir; The reaction solution discharging to the standing and reacting container, with warming-in-water to 40 ℃ reaction 1-0.5 hour, is warming up to reaction solution 60-100 ℃ then and leaves standstill abundant reaction, and cooling discharging obtains the not dry aqueous resins of crossing; Described acrylate derivative monomer is vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid, or an alkali metal salt of vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid, ammonium salt, amine salt, or the ester of vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid or ether; Described acrylamide monomers is an acrylamide or/and N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide;
(b) with the above-mentioned not dry aqueous resins of crossing, be cut into small pieces; To have 1 of structure shown in the formula [I], 3-dioxolane compounds component preparation or have 1 of structure shown in the formula [I], 3-dioxolane compounds component preparation and dislike mould spirit and add the solution that water is made into 10-100ppm;
(c) with resin in resin: solution is 1: the ratio of 30-200 (W/W) joins respectively in the above-mentioned solution, leaves standstill 10-24 hour, with mechanical stirring gel is ground into the square gel particle of 1-10mm then.
4. press the preparation method of the described long acting anti drought and water reserving material of claim 3, it is characterized in that having 1 of structure shown in the formula [I] in the step (b), 3-dioxolane compounds component preparation or have 1 of structure shown in the formula [I], 3-dioxolane compounds component preparation and dislike mould spirit to add the strength of solution that water is made into be 20-60ppm.
5. by the preparation method of the described long acting anti drought and water reserving material of claim 3, it is characterized in that in the step (c) that resin is in resin: solution is 1: the ratio of 50-100 (W/W) joins respectively in the above-mentioned solution.
6. by the preparation method of the described long acting anti drought and water reserving material of claim 3, it is characterized in that the linking agent in the step (a) comprises polyvalent alcohol, bisacrylamide, two Methacrylamide, alkaline earth metal compound and Zinc compounds.
7. by the preparation method of the described long acting anti drought and water reserving material of claim 3, it is characterized in that the initiator in the step (a) is hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, ammonium persulphate and Potassium Persulphate.
8. by the preparation method of the described long acting anti drought and water reserving material of claim 3, it is characterized in that the aided initiating in the step (a) is ferrous sulfate, S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, Sulfothiorine.
9. the application of the described long acting anti drought and water reserving material of claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting mixed local method, after long acting anti drought and water reserving material adds 100-200 times of weight water and is made into gel, with soil in the plant species plant hole in 0.5-1: 3 ratio (W/W) thorough mixing, plant is implanted in the hole, banket and water; Or the forest of adopting the method for imposing to be used to be shaped, be as the criterion with the projection of tree crown, dig the hole or the groove of 30-40 centimetre around the tree crown, the degree of depth is as the criterion with the exposed portions serve root system, and long acting anti drought and water reserving material and hole subsoil are mixed, and bankets and waters.
10. the application of the described long acting anti drought and water reserving material of claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting the root method of dipping in, long acting anti drought and water reserving material is made into gel with 100-200 times of weight water, press 1 with fine earth: the mixed of 1-3 (W/W), furnishing mud, plant root is dipped into mud, makes root adhere to mud, can plant after the taking-up.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 02125751 CN1215105C (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2002-08-16 | Preparation method of long acting anti drought and water reserving material and its application |
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| CN 02125751 CN1215105C (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2002-08-16 | Preparation method of long acting anti drought and water reserving material and its application |
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| CN1215105C true CN1215105C (en) | 2005-08-17 |
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| CN100360605C (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2008-01-09 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Water delivery material for forest plantetion and its preparation method |
| CN1319447C (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2007-06-06 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Drought resishing aphicide and its use |
| CN101503492B (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-11-17 | 浙江林学院 | Method for producing polyacrylamide cultivation substrate |
| EP2966961A2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2016-01-20 | Basf Se | Humectant compositions that effectively increase moisture retention in soil and associated methods for identifying same |
| CN106577761A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-04-26 | 明光市大全甜叶菊专业合作社 | Seed soaking solution for Stevia rebaudiana seeds |
| CN115136871B (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-02-14 | 中奥生态环境股份有限公司 | Bio-based fiber soil and preparation method thereof |
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