CN1212295A - Medium-corrosion-resisting and impingement attack resisting copper alloy - Google Patents

Medium-corrosion-resisting and impingement attack resisting copper alloy Download PDF

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CN1212295A
CN1212295A CN 97116483 CN97116483A CN1212295A CN 1212295 A CN1212295 A CN 1212295A CN 97116483 CN97116483 CN 97116483 CN 97116483 A CN97116483 A CN 97116483A CN 1212295 A CN1212295 A CN 1212295A
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corrosion
alloy
sample
hsn70
copper alloy
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CN1053707C (en
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张志超
曹延年
丁克仁
杨国来
周尚智
张玉武
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Baiyin Nonferrous Group Co Ltd
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XIBEI COPPER PROCESSING FACTORY
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a copper alloy HSn70-1AB capable of resisting medium corrosion and impingement attack, and said alloy composition includes (wt%) Cu (69-71), Sn (0.8-1.3), As (0.03-0.06), B (0.001-0.5), Ni (0.01-1.0), Mn (0.01-1.0) and the rest Zn. The condenser tube made of HSn70-1AB for power plant generator set is applicable to general cooling water quality and special water quality in which the dissolved solid material is 2000-4500 mg/L and Cl(-) is 21000-2000 mg/L, so that it is an ideal condenser tube for seawater and cooling water with high sand content.

Description

The shock-resistant corrosive copper alloy of media-resistant burn into
The present invention relates to the prolong brass alloys, specifically, relating to prolong is base with copper-zinc-tin alloy, adds the copper alloy of a small amount of strengthening element arsenic, boron, nickel, manganese.
Prolong is the important spare part that the fuel-burning power plant generating set carries out heat exchange.The quality of copper pipe quality directly influences the generating efficiency and the cost of electricity-generating of generating set.
At present the countries in the world corrosion resistant material that is used for heat exchanger adopts always and adds the AS one-ton brass, adds the AS aluminum brass and contain 10% and 30% copper-nickel alloy (" heat exchanger unit with the present situation and the development of copper and copper alloy ", Wang Biwen, " copper processing ", 1993, (1), 7-16 page or leaf).But, add AS brass and still come into one's own from considering economically.SUMITOMO CHEMICAL light metal company was through the case verification in 30 years, think present power station heat exchanger tube with material still with add the AS aluminum brass be main copper-nickel alloy be auxilliary be exactly a proof [" from using actual cupronickel heat-transfer pipe and the erosion resistance seen ", Zhang Xingren translates, " copper processing ", 1992, (4), 36-49 page or leaf].
But along with continuous deterioration landlocked and seawater quality, the corrosion resistant material of existing heat exchanger can not meet the demands fully.Power plant exists urgent requirement to seawater, inwelling and shock-resistant corrosive copper pipe always in addition.Therefore, each state is all at the corrosion resistant material of development of new or with adding the corrosion resisting alloy that element develops intensified type.China has developed the HSn70-1A-0.5 one-ton brass that adds aluminium at present, the HA177-2A-0.5 aluminum brass etc. [" the corrosion resistant test summary of several copper alloy condenser pipe novel materials; He Shulin; " copper processing "; 1990, (2), 107-110 page or leaf] that adds nickel and boron; and the HSn70-1B[CN85106324 of the fresh water generation station-service of pollution, 87.3.4].It is the brass (EP-193004) of the nickeliferous and arsenic of copper that U.S. OLin company develops Zn (25-35%)-Ni (2.5-3.5%)-AS (0.03-0.06%) surplus.Japan develops the copper alloy that contains Zn (10-40%)-P (0.005-0.07%)-Sn (0.05-1.0)-Al (0.05-1.0%)-AS (0.005-1.0%)-Sb (0.005-1.0%), wherein add total amount and be the element such as one or several following element: B, Ni, CO, Cr, Mn, Te, In, Be, Ti of 0.005-2.0%, surplus is CU (J60082632).Poland non-ferrous metal research institute has developed the aluminum brass (CuZn21Al2) [" Condenser Tubes From Alloys Of Copper With In Creased Service Properties " that Ni, Cr, Mn improve, AU-Ciura, L Wyrwa, RUDYMET, NIEZEAZ, VO-30, (6), 220-222].
The disclosed copper alloy of above-mentioned cited literature 2, though can adapt to certain Working environment, for the improvement in performance of copper alloy contributes, with regard to the anti-working medium corrosion of alloy, shock-resistant corrosion still exists problem.For example, the HSn70-1B that contains B is at high salt, and under the water quality situation of high Cl root, though than the HSn70-1A alloy that contains AS, erosion resistance has raising, and at higher salts contg, Cl content, high water flow velocity is high suspended matter and the next incompatibility that seems of high quantity of sand and mud especially.
The object of the present invention is to provide the corrosion of a kind of media-resistant, shock-resistant corrosive copper alloy, this alloy not only has better intensity, toughness and hardness, and can be at general quality of cooling water and dissolved solid at 2000-4500mg/l, Cl -Under the special water quality of 1000-2000mg/l safety, stable, work chronically.
For solving above-mentioned task, the present inventor is being on the base alloy with CU-Zn-Sn, adopt the synergy of AS, B, Ni, Mn element, realize the medium corrosion resistance energy and the shock-resistant corrosive nature of polynary a small amount of solution strengthening and raising alloy, new alloy is called HSn70-1AB.
The shock-resistant corrosive copper alloy of a kind of media-resistant burn into provided by the invention is characterized in that the % meter consists of by weight:
Cu 69.0-71.0
Sn 0.8-1.3
As 0.03-0.06
B 0.001-0.5
Ni 0.01-1.0
Mn 0.01-1.0
The Zn surplus
Other impurity is pressed GB5232-85 control.
Annotate: the invention belongs to the one-ton brass class in the copper alloy.The following document of expression reference of its composition: " world's nonferrous materials composition and Performance Manual ", people such as Li Zhenxia write, and Du, in August, 1992 are published in metallurgical industry.
Verified, micro-As has the dezincify of the brass of inhibition big area and improves corrosion resistant ability.As far back as the seventies, just improve the general external brass trade mark such as the HSn70-1 of China at that time with As, form HSn70-1A, solved the problem of copper pipe big area Dezincification corrosion to a certain extent.
Preferred content is the 0.001-0.10% B of (by weight), has refinement cast structure, weakens the tendency that produces spot corrosion and galvanic corrosion.The Photomicrograph of its metallographic structure can clearly confirm this point.The maximum characteristics of B atom be can be on the internal surface of tubing enrichment and have migration, occupy escape zine ion room, block the effect that zinc atom is fled from passage, form protective barrier, improve the anti-corrosion capability of copper pipe.In view of this consideration, cross when low, block effect that zinc atom flees from passage not obvious when the add-on of B, and when the add-on of B is too high, not increase thereupon of the beneficial effect that is risen, and then cause waste, improved production cost.
Coppr alloy-metal single phase solid solution type of the present invention.After the Mn of 0.20-0.50% (weight) added, and role had the identical difference that also has to preferred content at the Ni of 0.25-0.5% (weight) and preferred content.The zinc equivalent coefficient of Ni is a negative value, can further enlarge alpha phase zone, and Mn has the effect of dwindling alpha phase zone, but acts on atomic.Ni and Mn all have the effect of solution strengthening, can improve the intensity of alloy, toughness and solidity to corrosion.What is particularly worth mentioning is that Mn not only improves the hardness of brass, and can also significantly improve the solidity to corrosion of brass in seawater, muriate and superheated vapo(u)r.Ni is excessive adds affiliation and causes mobile difference and bring because of difficulty for processing such as extruding.And the excessive fragility that causes alloy of joining that adds of Mn strengthens, and brings adverse consequences to alloy.
Although each effect that above-mentioned four kinds of elements all have itself when four kinds of elements add simultaneously, causes the noticeable change of alloy on performance, but is that single-element does not have.Exactly because this synergistic inventor of existing for utilizes, just create the copper alloy HSn70-1AB of excellent performance.Hereinafter will comprise that to the performance of described copper alloy HSn70-1AB synergy is described further by the experiment of listing among the embodiment.
The production method of copper alloy of the present invention mainly comprises steps such as batching, founding, extruding, stretching, process annealing, drawing, finished products.Wherein founding is finished in frequency cored induction furnace, and temperature is about 1000 ℃.Temperature is controlled at 700-740 ℃ during extruding.The process annealing temperature is 560-690 ℃.500-580 ℃ of finished products temperature, protective atmosphere: CO 211-14%; CO0.5-3%; H 20.2-1.5%, surplus is N 2
HSn70-1AB copper alloy of the present invention has following performance:
1, the σ b=322Mpa of HSn70-1AB copper alloy, δ % are 76%, tubing σ b=410Mpa, δ % be 50%, improve than HSn70-1AB alloy strength, but still keep enough plasticity, and HB is 63.6.
2, the average 0.01mm of HSn70-1AB alloy pipe grain fineness number,
3, HSn70-1AB alloy thermal conductivity is that 120W/m ℃ of (20 ℃), resistivity are 98.7n Ω m (19 ℃).
The high-performance of HSn70-1AB alloy of the present invention not only shows on the indicated performance of above-mentioned data, but also shows in media-resistant and the shock-resistant corrosion.This alloy is at high saliferous, high Cl-synthetic sea water at the good characteristic on anti-corrosion, and under 60 ℃, under 118 hours condition, test of many times is assert.It can be asserted that, the condensation tubing made of this alloy can be used for general quality of cooling water, special water quality, cooled with seawater or inwelling power plant.It is a kind of novel material of more satisfactory prolong.
Tubing work-ing life that the HSn70-1AB alloy is made is than HSn70-1B height, and is higher than the alloy HSn70-1A that does not add B, Ni, Mn.Use HSn70-1AB tubing, can reduce the time of shutdown maintenance and leak stopping significantly, can guarantee multiple electricity, full generating can reduce maintenance cost and materials consumption again, has considerable social benefit and economic benefit.
To do more specifically the present invention by embodiment below and describe.
Figure 1A and 1B are Dezincification corrosion metallograph 200X.
Fig. 2 A and 2B are the polarization curve of 1-5 sample in high salt amount synthetic sea water.
Fig. 3 is reciprocating type corrosive wear trier synoptic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the polishing scratch two dimension pattern synoptic diagram that surface topographic apparatus fo is measured.
Fig. 5 A and 5B are grinding defect morphology (SEM).
Fig. 6 is a single pendulum scratch test fundamental diagram.
The composition of table 1 laboratory sample (Wt-%).
Table 2HSn70-1 alloy in synthetic sea water corrosion rate (mm/y60+2 ℃, 118h).
The steady potential V of each sample of table 3 (SCE).
The relative wear resistance of all kinds of samples of table 4 in synthetic sea water.
It is as follows that each sample that 1 couple of embodiment forms by the listed test sample of table 1 carries out the synthetic sea water corrosion test:
For understanding the corrosion resisting property of alloy in harsh corrosive medium, total salinity in the corrosive medium is brought up to>4000PPm its Cl -Content>2000PPm, the total salt amount and the Cl of actual seawater -Content is all much higher, and its prescription is as follows:
NaCl MgCl 2 Na 2SO 4CaCl 2 KCl NaHCO 3
g/l 28.5 5.2 4.1 1.2 0.69 1.2
KBr H 3BO 3 SrCl 2 NaF PH6-7
g/l 0.1 0.03 0.03 0.003
The long 20mm of laboratory sample, wide 15mm, thick 5mm, copper pipe then are cut into the long annulus of 12mm, and mechanical grinding is removed surface film.It is dry back standby to deoil with coated abrasive working.Liquor capacity is 12.5: 1 (ml: cm with sample area ratio 2), experimental temperature 60+2 ℃, the static maintenance 118 hours, calculated corrosion rate according to weightlessness under air tight condition not, and calculation formula is as follows:
Corrosion rate=(K * W)/(A * T * D)
The T-time, in hour; D-density, g/cm 3The A-area, cm 2The K-constant is pressed the corrosion rate method for expressing and different; The W-corrosion weight loss, g.Experimental result sees Table 2.
In the table 2,6 #-9 #Sample is taken from tubing, and its structural state is not exclusively identical with laboratory sample, should not compare mutually.But overall conclusion is the corrosion resisting property that B and Ni, Mn have obviously improved copper alloy, no matter test or the experimental result of plant samples all identical.
It is 0.0075-0.1mm/y that handbook is reported the corrosion rate of each flavonod in normal temperature seawater, though this experimental data is also in this scope, also have-a little differences, but by corrosion level Four standard rating all belong to good corrosion resistance (corrosion level Four standard is by mm/y,<0.05 good, 0.05-0.5 good, 0.5-1.5 can with,>1.5 inapplicable).The experiment salts contg and the Cl of medium -Content is all greater than general seawater, and also temperature brought up to 60 ℃ for accelerated corrosion, so the corrosion rate of this research alloy should be much smaller than the data in the table under the practical application condition.
In order to obtain the corrosion experiment data in a short time, help selection, selected strong corrosive medium for use: 50CuCl 2+ 42mgHCl/l, 60 ± 2 ℃ of experimental temperatures, 16 hours time, the result is 2 #-5 #The corrosion rate of sample has only 1 of not addition element B, Ni, Mn all about 70mm/y #Sample is 80mm/y.Because corrosive medium is very strong, experiment is carried out under heating condition again, must cover 2 #-5 #In the sample since a small amount of alloying element when changing to this more small difference of corrosive nature influence, but still fully show with of the effect of B alloying to the raising corrosion resisting property.
HSn70-1 is that the etch state of alloy mainly is dezincify, i.e. the selective corrosion of composition is to use the brass prolong to destroy modal mode in the seawater, and AS and B all have the brass dezincification corrosion of inhibition ability, unite use as the two and then can suppress dezincify substantially.
Dezincify is inclined to available dezincify coefficient Z and is described: Z = Zn ( s ) Cu ( A ) Zn ( A ) Cu ( S )
S-represents Zn in the solution ++Concentration
A-represents the concentration of Zn and Cu in the alloy
Zn in solution when Dezincification corrosion takes place ++Concentration increases, so Z>1, the Z value is bigger, and its Dezincification corrosion is more serious.The Z value was near 1 o'clock, and expression does not have Dezincification corrosion to take place substantially.Experiment is with 1 #, 3 #, 6 #Sample (in 4NHCI, 60+2 ℃, 54 hours) records Z, is respectively 1 #: 1.1,3 #With 6 #Be 1.0.As seen B, AS combined action can suppress dezincify substantially fully.
Shown in Figure 1A 1 #Sample only adds AS and does not add B, does not suppress dezincify as yet fully, also can find out its brilliant Dezincification corrosion in very thin edge from the metallograph of Figure 1A, but at 3 shown in the Figure 1B that adds AS, B and Ni #But do not observe on the sample.
Embodiment 2, test with sample with embodiment 1.
Electrode potential of alloy is the sign of thermodynamic stability, and polarization curve can reflect the corrosion process of a certain system.Experiment condition:
Instrument: Japan produces HA-301 type potentiostat/galvanostat and X-Y recorder,
Sample preparation: coated abrasive working, deoil, clean, then regularly exposed 1cm 2,
Medium: high salt amount synthetic sea water, with embodiment 1,
Supporting electrode: platinized platinum,
Reference electrode: saturated calomel electrode, on trier, carry out, see Fig. 3, wherein 1 is support, and 2 is electrolyzer, and 3 is pin sample (A 2O 3Ball), 4 is pin sample bar, and 5 are dish sample (Cu alloy sample), and 6 is motor.The pin sample is the Al of Φ 12mm 2O 3Ball, the dish sample is the block copper alloy sample of 30 * 18 * 15mm, reciprocating stroke 15mm, load 10N, reciprocal 45-50 time of per minute.Corrosive medium is high salt amount synthetic sea water, experimental period 1 hour.Wearing and tearing are complete gets 3 two-dimentional patterns of mensuration to calculate the polishing scratch area with surface topographic apparatus fo along polishing scratch is equidistant, takes advantage of polishing scratch length must denude volume (mm 3).Fig. 4 is the sample grinding defect morphology that surface topographic apparatus fo is measured, and the tubing sampling of factory is to saw out the long annulus of 25mm therefrom to be pressed into flat board to cutting on press, and the surface film that do not eliminate promptly carries out the corrosive wear experiment of internal surface.Twice experiment condition is incomplete same, so tubing and sample are to contrast voluntarily to draw relative wear resistance, the results are shown in Table 4.
Data in the table 4 are the sample that only adds AS with each experiment, i.e. 1# and 7 #Make standard, calculate the relative wear resistance in synthetic sea water by standard model wear volume/test sample wear volume.
Table 4 data declaration adds the wear-corrosion resistance that alloying elements such as B, Ni, Mn have obviously improved copper alloy, and laboratory sample and factory's tubing all draw same conclusion.
Experimental temperature: 27-28 ℃;
Survey potential time: 10min;
Sweep velocity: 100mv/min.
The potential value of each sample of surveying is listed in the table 3.
Fig. 2 A and 2B are 1-5 #The polarization curve of sample.Curve shape is identical, and tangible active dissolution peak is all arranged, and sharply reduces along with current potential increases electric current then, shows that alloy changes passive state over to.But the difference of five kinds of sample compositions is reflected on polarization curve fully, at first is 1 of no B #It is negative that sample active dissolution spike potential contains the B sample than other, and current peak is also slightly high, especially stablizes passive current density apparently higher than other sample that contains B, and these phenomenons all show 1 #It is poor that the sample solidity to corrosion adds the B sample than other.Though next is that to add the active dissolution peak difference of B, Ni, Mn sample not obvious, it is good that its stable passive current increases the rule that reduces with the Ni amount, and the contribution of Ni to the solidity to corrosion raising is described.
Embodiment 3
Experiment with sample with example example 1.
Carry out corrosive wear test and can understand tubing that HSn70-1AB makes in use, the seawater of folder silt is to the situation of its erosion attack.Test is carried out on the reciprocating type pin mill damage trier of development voluntarily.This trier as shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 5 A and 5B are grinding defect morphology SEM photos.Add 3 of B, Ni #Sample is because solidity to corrosion strengthens, and its polishing scratch is typical ditch dug with a plow, and does not add 1 of B #Sample has the obvious corrosion vestige in ditch dug with a plow.Corrosion wear is the destruction that surface shear power and dielectric corrosion cause jointly, and its material number of dropouts is the amount of interaction that corrosion and wearing and tearing sum are added the two.Trace element B, Ni, Mn show directly that to the strengthening effect of alloy alloy strength and hardness improve, also help improving simultaneously their wear resistancies.The improvement of the visible HSn70-1AB wear-corrosion resistance of data is the strengthening effect of B, Ni, Mn from table, with the contribution of raising corrosion resisting property common.
Embodiment 4
Used test sample is with embodiment 1.
Apparatus sketch is seen Fig. 6.Wherein 1 is pendulum, and 2 for drawing head, and 3 is sample, and 4 is sample table, and 5 is load cell.Use this equipment can simulate the unit process that single abrasive particle streaks material surface with certain surging force, realize the little plow of abrasive wear and the impact loading procedure of erosion, can measure the energy that consumes in each cut process.Draw head and make by cone angle hexagonal angle taper Wimet, with 60 ° of initial angle to same sample mark a series of from shallow to deeply, the cut that size is different, the pivot angle θ 0 behind the record cut.Measure cut length L, maximum width B and depth D with reading microscope and surface topographic apparatus fo,, calculate cut volume V (V=0.53LAr) thus to obtain maximum cross-sectional area Ar.Energy consumption E is calculated by the pivot angle difference before and after the cut according to the principle of work and power:
E=MgLpo(COSθ-CoSθ。) M-pendulum mass g-universal gravity constant Lpo-pendulum center of gravity length θ, θ.Be respectively the pivot angle of cut front and back.
Specific energy consumption e produces the energy (e=E/V) that the unit volume cut is consumed, and uses J/mm 3Expression.
1 #, 3 #, 5 #The specific energy consumption of sample is respectively 2.17,2.30 and 2.90J/mm 3The big explanation of e value alloy impact wear resistance is good, that is to say just to cause the material of equal volume to run off with more energy consumption.Therefore experimental data has fully proved the strengthening effect of B, Ni, Mn alloying element from another angle, and is in full accord with mechanical property corrosion wear data.

Claims (2)

1, the shock-resistant corrosive copper alloy of a kind of media-resistant burn into is characterized in that the % meter consists of by weight:
Cu 69.0-71.0
Sn 0.8-1.3
As 0.03-0.06
B 0.001-0.5
Ni 0.01-1.0
Mn 0.01-1.0
The Zn surplus.
2,, it is characterized in that the % meter consists of by weight by the copper alloy of claim 1:
Cu 69.0-71.0
Sn 0.8-1.3
As 0.03-0.06
B 0.001-0.10
Ni 0.25-0.50
Mn 0.20-0.50
The Zn surplus.
CN97116483A 1997-09-23 1997-09-23 Medium-corrosion-resisting and impingement attack resisting copper alloy Expired - Lifetime CN1053707C (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100366772C (en) * 2006-03-28 2008-02-06 江阴新华宏铜业有限公司 Seamless copper alloy pipe with excellent anti-corrosion performance for heat exchanger and preparation method thereof
CN102876917A (en) * 2012-09-27 2013-01-16 无锡宏昌五金制造有限公司 High-strength brass alloy
CN103725919A (en) * 2014-01-03 2014-04-16 安新县华昌合金厂 Lead-free brass alloy
CN105371000A (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-03-02 苏州露宇电子科技有限公司 Nuclear magnetic resonance scanner
CN105420544A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-03-23 中色奥博特铜铝业有限公司 Tin brass strip and preparation method thereof
CN110964897A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-07 无锡隆达金属材料有限公司 Annealing method for obtaining uniform mechanical property of HAl77-2 aluminum brass tube
CN113138157A (en) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-20 北京科技大学 Nondestructive evaluation method for stress corrosion sensitivity of aluminum alloy extruded section

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4171972A (en) * 1978-02-21 1979-10-23 Olin Corporation Corrosion resistant copper base alloys for heat exchanger tube
JPS6082632A (en) * 1983-10-12 1985-05-10 Nippon Mining Co Ltd Copper alloy having superior corrosion resistance
JPS6311633A (en) * 1986-03-17 1988-01-19 Kobe Steel Ltd Corrosion-resisting copper alloy

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100366772C (en) * 2006-03-28 2008-02-06 江阴新华宏铜业有限公司 Seamless copper alloy pipe with excellent anti-corrosion performance for heat exchanger and preparation method thereof
CN102876917A (en) * 2012-09-27 2013-01-16 无锡宏昌五金制造有限公司 High-strength brass alloy
CN103725919A (en) * 2014-01-03 2014-04-16 安新县华昌合金厂 Lead-free brass alloy
CN105420544A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-03-23 中色奥博特铜铝业有限公司 Tin brass strip and preparation method thereof
CN105371000A (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-03-02 苏州露宇电子科技有限公司 Nuclear magnetic resonance scanner
CN110964897A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-07 无锡隆达金属材料有限公司 Annealing method for obtaining uniform mechanical property of HAl77-2 aluminum brass tube
CN110964897B (en) * 2019-12-31 2021-10-01 江苏隆达超合金股份有限公司 Annealing method for obtaining uniform mechanical property of HAl77-2 aluminum brass tube
CN113138157A (en) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-20 北京科技大学 Nondestructive evaluation method for stress corrosion sensitivity of aluminum alloy extruded section

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