CN1211815C - Stepdown piezoelectric ceramic autotransformer and its making process - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a novel structure and a manufacture method of a step-down piezoelectric ceramic transformer. Electric serial connection structures of the input end and the output end are used for making piezoelectric ceramics generate resonance; a low voltage is output at the output end, and the conversion efficiency with high electric power is obtained. The step-down piezoelectric ceramic transformer of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient manufacture, small device dimension, etc., and is suitable for the application to miniaturized electronic devices, particularly for the application to small DC/DC or AC/DC converters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solid-state electronic components and parts, be specifically related to a kind of piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer.
Background technology
People's door has been known in electronic ceramic electrical device application, utilize the positive inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramic to carry out the technology of voltage or current conversion, specifically, this technology is exactly by piezoelectric ceramic is carried out certain polarization orientation and electrode structural designs, utilize inverse piezoelectric effect to make piezoelectric ceramic under the input terminal voltage excitation, produce mechanical oscillation, utilize direct piezoelectric effect to make this mechanical vibrational energy be converted into the electric energy of output then, thereby realize in the electric power transfer process with mechanical energy being that the electric energy of media exchanges.In this energy conversion process, the structure of piezoelectric ceramic transformer and size, mode of vibration and electric energy taking-up mode have influenced the input and output electrical impedance characteristics of piezoelectric ceramic transformer self.When the electrical impedance of input and output side did not wait, with unequal, this just was equal to the electromagnetic type transformer to the voltage between its input and output side on effect under the load matched situation, promptly common so-called piezoelectric ceramic transformer.
Piezoelectric ceramic transformer can be divided on the function and boosting and two kinds of step-downs, and the former is to be main purpose with the high output voltage, and the latter is to be main purpose with high-output power, big electric current.They have become in recent years prominent especially electronic ceramic element, its reason is to compare with the electromagnetic type transformer of present extensive application, have characteristics such as not flammable, electromagnetic-radiation-free, volume be little, simple in structure, be suitable for miniaturization electronics such as communication, the computer equipment etc. of fast development in recent years.At the beginning of the nineties, important company and the research institution of Japan promptly is application target with the computer equipment as company such as NEC, Toshiba, Tokin and Tokyo Institute of Technology, carried out the piezoelectric ceramic transformer application study.After having passed through the research work in nearly ten years, take the lead in showing and this application that has a large capacity and a wide range of computer step-down transformer in portable portable computer LCD screen.Thereby, can estimate that piezoelectric ceramic transformer has consequence in the electronic component in future.
Piezoelectric ceramic step-up transformer structure that Rosen in 1956 at first proposes that shown in Figure 1 is.This transformer is to utilize the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramic to produce transverse vibration, utilizes direct piezoelectric effect to obtain the longitudinal electric field parallel with direction of vibration then and obtains high output voltage.In this structure, the input and output side electrical impedance differs greatly could proof load have high output voltage, thereby the general employing of transformer is dissymmetrical structure.Present most of piezoelectric ceramic step-up transformer all is to serve as the product that basic blank develops with Rosen type structure, is used for portable portable computer LCD screen and shows and adopt Rosen modified model multi-layer ceramics voltage transformer and work.Japanese patent application is for No. 09059969 an example of such piezoelectric ceramic transformer.
The basic structure that voltage electroceramics step-down transformer shown in Figure 2 is commonly used.Its input and output electric current is generally all very big, step-down ratio less than 1 and greater than 0.1 between, thereby can be satisfied with the application requirements of growing miniaturization, big electric current AC-AC (AC-AC) and DC-to-DC (DC-DC) change-over circuit.The input and output electrical impedance of this device not quite and very approaching, thereby the electrode structure of input and output side normally symmetry or close, their vibration mode also is identical.Japan Tokin company has adopted the input and output structure of the multi-layer ceramic chip similar to Fig. 2 (a) exactly, the longitudinal thickness vibration mode piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer that has prepared 80 watts of power, its step-down ratio is used for AC-AC (AC-AC) transducer of computer near 0.4.Authorize people's such as Takeshi I United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 118,982nd, an example of this piezoelectric ceramic transformer.
In above two kinds of piezoelectric ceramic transformers, the piezoelectric ceramic at input and output side place has all adopted traditional working method so far: promptly make piezoelectric ceramic devices produce whole mechanical oscillation under driven with that part of piezoelectric ceramic that input partly links to each other, by stationary wave vibration mechanical energy is passed on another piezoelectric ceramic as output and obtains electric energy.This working method is for step-up transformer and Yan Shangke; But for some deficiency of step-down transformer.With step-down transformers commonly used more shown in Figure 2 is example, and the step-down transformer that monolithic piezoelectric ceramic is made is oversize, is difficult to miniaturization, and power is also low; And the step-down transformer that two piezoelectric ceramic are made is 0.4～0.1 in step-down ratio, and its electrical power conversion efficiency is less than 60% (J.W.Waanders, Piezoelectric Ceramics:properties and applications, Philips, 1991).Though above problem can solve as input and output side effectively with multilayer ceramic structure, but multilayer piezoelectric ceramic complex structure, as adopt curtain coating or roll film and multilayer piezoelectric ceramic sheet and interior electrode altogether burning technology prepare the multilayer sheet type piezoelectric transformer, will increase technology difficulty and production cost; And the piezoelectric ceramic piece that adopts binding agent bonding conventional dry platen press to obtain prepares the multilayer piezoelectric ceramic structure devices, though this preparation method preparation technology is simple, cost improves little, but binding agent and piezoelectric ceramic mechanical impedance do not match, to improve the device mechanical impedance greatly, thereby reduce the electrical power conversion efficiency of device.So traditional working method exists preparation technology and requires height and performance can descend the degradation deficiency the multilayer piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer.Secondly, during test piezoelectric ceramic transformer performance, the normal discovery has a phase angle between input voltage and electric current, it shows that the reactive power of transformer occupies certain ratio, thereby people add an inductance at input usually and regulate this phase angle, make it approach zero degree, but the working band limit of this method is narrow, and increases the volume of cost and device.At last, traditional working method makes the designs underaction, the also further microminaturization of limiting device size.Therefore, exploration novel piezo-electric ceramic step-down transformer simple in structure, easy to prepare, well behaved is with practical value to improving device performance and device miniaturization.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of autocoupling type piezoelectric ceramic reducing transformer.
Another object of the present invention provides the method for preparing stepdown piezoelectric ceramic autotransformer.
Stepdown piezoelectric ceramic autotransformer provided by the present invention, it comprises: from two input and output sides that piezoelectric ceramic piece is drawn of piezoelectric ceramic transformer, described two piezoelectric ceramic pieces bond with epoxy adhesive, two surfaces of each described piezoelectric ceramic piece are provided with electrode, and the lead-in wire that is connected to the input and output terminal voltage of respective electrode, it is characterized in that: described two piezoelectric ceramic polarised directions are identical, with the bottom of transformer as ground wire, encouraging the input voltage of two piezoelectric ceramic vibration is to be added on described two piezoelectric ceramic pieces, between electric wire of drawing between described two piezoelectric ceramic pieces and the described ground wire as the step-down output of described piezoelectric ceramic transformer.
In one aspect of the invention, piezoelectric ceramic is circular, grinds off an arcuate part on the circumference of another sheet symmetrically, after these two piezoelectric ceramic bondings, is not grinding the output lead-in wire of drawing piezoelectric ceramic transformer on the electrode of ceramic segment.
Aspect another, this piezoelectric ceramic encourages in the radial vibration mode of the present invention, and mode of oscillation comprises the mode of oscillation of low order and high-order.
The thickness of these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces can equate in the present invention, also can be unequal.
Again aspect another, the piezoelectric ceramic of its output is a slice piezoelectric ceramic piece of the present invention.
In the present invention these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces dry pressing that is different-thickness, roll the piezoelectric ceramic piece that embrane method, The tape casting are made.
Tack coat between these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces is the organic material binding agent in the present invention, also comprises the silver electrode with this piezoelectric ceramic piece integral sintering.
In the present invention, the shape of these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces is disc or annular, the polarised direction of described two piezoelectric ceramic is parallel to each other, this piezoelectric ceramic piece encourages with radial vibration mode diametrically, on thickness direction, encourage, and its mode of oscillation can be low order and high frequent vibration mode with longitudinal vibration mode.
The preparation method of stepdown piezoelectric ceramic autotransformer of the present invention is as follows:
On two piezoelectric ceramic disks, cover with the silver electrode slip; Afterwards, these two piezoelectric ceramic disks are carried out this silver electrode of high temperature sintering; Again the pottery with this electrode is polarized, make it have piezoelectric property; The symmetrical edge of a slice piezoelectric ceramic piece therein respectively grinds off an arcuate part; Be coated in equably with epoxy resin adhesive on the electrode surface of this two wafer pressers electroceramics, with mould these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces closely bonded together, this epoxy adhesive just forms a tack coat; Burn-on electric wire as input at the highest and lowest of described two potteries face electrode again, with bottom electrode grounding line, and on the electrode on that part of piezoelectric ceramic piece that does not grind off ceramic edge between described two piezoelectric ceramic and bottom electrode weld the output of electric wire respectively as transformer.
Preparation of devices method of the present invention also comprises rolls embrane method and The tape casting and interior electrode burning technology altogether.On the modular construction of piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer of the present invention, comprise and adopt two layers of identical ceramic thickness and different thickness, and the ceramic piezoelectric ceramic transformer of forming different transformation ratios more than three layers or three layers.On ceramic vibration mode, except that radial vibration mode, also comprise the lateral length pattern of stretching, longitudinal thickness modes.
Autocoupling type step-down provided by the present invention pottery step-down transformer is simple in structure, easy to prepare, device size is little, can reduce output voltage and high electrical power conversion efficiency effectively
Characteristics of the present invention are:
1. from preparation technology, device of the present invention can prepare sandwich construction piezoelectricity step-down transformer with traditional dry-pressing piezoelectric ceramic piece and binding agent, even the simple business unit of working condition also can make easily, thereby can reduce cost.
2. from device architecture, with the difficult piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer of realizing of two piezoelectric ceramic, existing structure of the present invention can prepare success, thereby not only favourable preparation in the past, and simple device architecture is also favourable overcomes the new problem that labyrinth may bring.
3. from device size,, thereby made full use of the hypotensive effect of input itself because the reduction function of structure of the present invention realizes by electroceramics electricity series system.This structure is than the easier miniaturization of piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer in the past.
4. from the connected mode of input and output voltage, the piezoelectric ceramic at input and output side place can produce common vibration under electric field action, thereby binding agent does not produce very big influence to the device mechanical impedance, thereby eliminate in the conventional operation mode and transformer performance is produced adverse influence, favourable reducing cost with binding agent bonding piezoelectric ceramic.
5. from the energisation mode of piezoelectric ceramic, as far as our knowledge goes, do not see that so far this working method is used for the piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer.This also is the key point of structure of the present invention: it makes the piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer have above each advantage, makes the design of step-down transformer and makes the flexibility that more becomes.
Below further illustrate the feature and advantage of structure of the present invention with specific embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic configuration diagram of Rosen type piezoelectric ceramic step-up transformer;
Fig. 2 is the schematic configuration diagram of piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer;
Fig. 3 is the schematic configuration diagram of autocoupling type radial direction vibrating piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the piezoelectric ceramic shape after the piezoelectric ceramic disk grinds off the part pottery symmetrically.
Fig. 5 illustrates the equivalent electric circuit of piezoelectric ceramic disk radial vibration;
Fig. 6 has the test data curve chart of the relation at load under the different impedance loads and phase angle at output for piezoelectric ceramic transformer of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is input voltage, electric current and the phase place of the two, output voltage and the electric current of autocoupling type radial direction vibrating piezoelectric ceramic transformer of the present invention, and the electrical power conversion efficiency is with the characteristic curve of load impedance variation.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 3, be depicted as piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer provided by the present invention, it comprises: two piezoceramic materials that are arranged on the input and output side of transformer are made piezoelectric ceramic piece 1, these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces, 1 usefulness epoxy adhesive tack coat, 3 bondings, two surfaces of each piezoelectric ceramic piece are provided with electrode 2, and the lead-in wire 4 that is connected to the input and output terminal voltage of respective electrode, these two piezoelectric ceramic polarised direction P are identical, encouraging the input voltage vin of this two piezoelectric ceramic pieces 1 vibration is to be added on two piezoelectric ceramic pieces 1, between the ground wire of 1 electric wire of drawing 4 of these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces and input as the step-down output of this piezoelectric ceramic transformer.
Piezoelectric ceramic of the present invention can be circular, at this moment, grind off an arcuate part on the circumference of another sheet symmetrically, form the shape of ellipse as shown in Figure 4, these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces are drawn the output lead-in wire 4 of piezoelectric ceramic transformer on the electrode 2 that does not grind ceramic segment after bonding.
In the present invention, this piezoelectric ceramic piece encourages in the radial vibration mode, and mode of oscillation comprises the mode of oscillation of low order and high-order.
In the present invention, the thickness of these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces can equate, also can be unequal.
The piezoelectric ceramic piece of its output of piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer of the present invention is at least a slice piezoelectric ceramic piece, for further reducing output voltage V
OutWith input voltage V
InRatio, adopt two or two above piezoelectric ceramic pieces usually.
In the present invention, these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces 1 can be made with diverse ways, such as adopt dry pressing, roll embrane method, The tape casting is made this piezoelectric ceramic piece, respectively this piezoelectric ceramic piece also can have different thickness.
In the present invention, the tack coat 3 that these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces are 1 is the organic material binding agent, also comprises the integrated ceramic/electrode that burns altogether with the silver electrode 2 of this piezoelectric ceramic piece integral sintering and biscuit of ceramics and silver-palladium inner electrode.
In the present invention, the polarised direction P of these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces 1 is parallel to each other, and this piezoelectric ceramic piece 1 in the longitudinal direction, encourage with lateral vibration mode, on thickness direction, encourage with longitudinal vibration mode, and on disk or annulus, encourage with radial vibration mode, and its mode of oscillation is low order and high frequent vibration pattern.
The preparation method of preparation stepdown piezoelectric ceramic autotransformer provided by the invention comprises: cover on two piezoelectric ceramic disks 1 with silver electrode 2 slips; Afterwards, these two piezoelectric ceramic disks are carried out this silver electrode of high temperature sintering; Again the pottery with this electrode is polarized, make it have piezoelectric property; The symmetrical edge of a slice piezoelectric ceramic piece therein respectively grinds off an arcuate part, makes it the ovalisation shape; Be coated in equably with epoxy adhesive on the electrode surface of this two wafer pressers electroceramics, with mould these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces 1 closely bonded together, this epoxy adhesive just forms tack coat 3; Again at the highest and lowest of these two potsherds 1 face electrode 2, and on that part of electrode that does not grind off on the ceramic edge between these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces 1, weld respectively with electric wire 4 as the input and output side of transformer.
Preparation of devices method of the present invention also comprises rolls embrane method and The tape casting and interior electrode burning technology altogether.On the modular construction of piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer of the present invention, comprise and adopt two layers of identical ceramic thickness and different thickness, and the ceramic piezoelectric ceramic transformer of forming different transformation ratios more than three layers or three layers.On ceramic vibration mode, except that radial vibration mode, also comprise the lateral length pattern of stretching, longitudinal thickness modes.
Embodiment
Prepare ceramic disks with the PZT based piezoelectric ceramic materials as the stock of structure of the present invention, by after the last silver electrode at this silver electrode of high temperature sintering, this pottery that polarizes, to obtain the monolithic piezoelectric ceramic disk, its size is as follows:
Diameter phi=22.15 millimeter,
Thickness t=1.53 millimeter,
Area A=385.2 square millimeter.
Performance in order to the material of the layered ceramic disk of making stepdown piezoelectric ceramic autotransformer of the present invention in the foregoing description is tested, and its measurement result is as follows: dielectric coefficient ε
T 33Be 1000 (1kHz); Electromechanical coupling factor K
pBe 0.51
Fig. 5 illustrates the equivalent electric circuit of the piezoelectric ceramic monolithic radial vibration of stepdown piezoelectric ceramic autotransformer of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5 monolithic piezoelectric ceramic radial vibration equivalent electric circuit is carried out performance test, its result: the resonance that records this monolithic piezoelectric ceramic radial vibration is f frequently
rBe 102.8kHz, and its antiresonant frequency f
aBe 115.9kHz; Also recording its equivalent load resistance R is 4.95 ohm, and equivalent inductance L is No. 4.20 Henry, equivalent capacity C
aBe 567 micromicrofarads, equivalent capacity C
bBe 1880 micromicrofarads, mechanical Q factor Q
mBe 554.
Grind off the shape behind the edge of a slice piezoelectric ceramic wherein in the piezoelectric ceramic transformer of the present invention as shown in Figure 4 symmetrically.The dome height that has ground off as shown in FIG. is 1 millimeter.Grind off the edge with epoxy adhesive bonding and become as shown in Figure 3 structure with the piezoelectric ceramic disk that does not grind off the edge.Measure as shown in Figure 3 constitute the equivalent electric circuit performance of the radial vibration of piezoelectric ceramic transformer under the output open circuit situation by two piezoelectric ceramic pieces, test result is as follows: equivalent load resistance R is 9.31 ohm, equivalent inductance L is 10.6 millihenries, equivalent capacity C
aBe 231 micromicrofarads, equivalent capacity C
bBe 905 micromicrofarads, mechanical Q factor Q
mBe 725.
From above-mentioned measurement result, can see that binding agent does not have big influence to the radial vibration of piezoelectric ceramic step-down transformer.Result of calculation, the build-out resistor of the load of output are 90 ohm.
Fig. 6 illustrates with the HP4194 electric impedance analyzer and measures piezoelectric ceramic transformer at the phase angle relationship that has on the output under the different loads impedance, wherein: during the output short circuit, θ is approaching+and 90 °, show that circuit is an inductive circuit; When output was open circuit, approaching-90 ° of θ showed that circuit is a capacitive circuit; And during near build-out resistor, θ approaches zero degree, that is near the pure resistance circuit.So when output connects the coupling pure resistor load, the input electrical power will consume in load.Therefore, when piezoelectric transformer self mechanical impedance was very little, piezoelectric ceramic transformer had big electrical power conversion efficiency.
When Fig. 7 is illustrated in and measures the input effective voltage and be 35V, the phase angle when different output loading between the input current of piezoelectric ceramic transformer, input voltage and electric current, output voltage and electric current and electrical power conversion efficiency.Fig. 7 shows that output voltage is 16.5V, is about 1/2 of input voltage when load matched; Phase angle θ with use the electric impedance analyzer basically identical, promptly when output and load impedance mated, θ approached zero degree.Power output under this voltage most effectively reaches 94% between 0.3～0.4.In the above piezoelectric ceramic transformer performance measurement process, the temperature of piezoelectric ceramic transformer does not change.
Claims (9)
1. stepdown piezoelectric ceramic autotransformer, it comprises: from two input and output sides that piezoelectric ceramic piece is drawn of piezoelectric ceramic transformer, described two piezoelectric ceramic pieces bond with epoxy adhesive, two surfaces of each described piezoelectric ceramic piece are provided with electrode, and the lead-in wire that is connected to the input and output terminal voltage of respective electrode, it is characterized in that: described two piezoelectric ceramic polarised directions are identical, with the bottom of transformer as ground wire, encouraging the input voltage of two piezoelectric ceramic vibration is to be added on described two piezoelectric ceramic pieces, between electric wire of drawing between described two piezoelectric ceramic pieces and the described ground wire as the step-down output of described piezoelectric ceramic transformer.
2. transformer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: a slice piezoelectric ceramic in two piezoelectric ceramic pieces is circular, grind off an arcuate part on the circumference of another sheet symmetrically, after described two piezoelectric ceramic bonding, do not grinding the output lead-in wire of drawing piezoelectric ceramic transformer on the electrode of ceramic segment.
3. transformer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described piezoelectric ceramic encourages in the radial vibration mode, and mode of oscillation comprises the mode of oscillation of low order and high-order.
4. transformer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of described two piezoelectric ceramic pieces equates.
5. transformer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of described two piezoelectric ceramic pieces is unequal.
6. transformer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic of output is a slice piezoelectric ceramic piece.
7. according to any described transformer in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: the tack coat between these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces is made of the organic material binding agent, also comprises the silver electrode with this piezoelectric ceramic piece integral sintering.
8. transformer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the shape of described two piezoelectric ceramic pieces is disc or annular, the polarised direction of described two piezoelectric ceramic is parallel to each other, this piezoelectric ceramic piece encourages with radial vibration mode diametrically, on thickness direction, encourage, and its mode of oscillation can be low order and high frequent vibration mode with longitudinal vibration mode.
9. method for preparing stepdown piezoelectric ceramic autotransformer, described method comprises:
On two piezoelectric ceramic disks, cover the silver electrode slip;
With the high temperature sintering method silver electrode is bonded on described two piezoelectric ceramic disks;
Again the piezoelectric ceramic piece with described electrode is polarized, make it have piezoelectric property;
The symmetrical edge of a slice piezoelectric ceramic piece therein respectively grinds off an arcuate part;
Be coated in equably with epoxy resin adhesive on the electrode surface of described two disk piezoelectric ceramic pieces, with mould described two piezoelectric ceramic pieces closely bonded together, this epoxy adhesive just forms a tack coat;
Burn-on electric wire as input at the highest and lowest of described two potteries face electrode again, with bottom electrode as earth connection, and on the electrode on that part of piezoelectric ceramic piece that does not grind off ceramic edge between described two piezoelectric ceramic and bottom electrode weld the output of electric wire respectively as transformer.
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| CN104821224A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-08-05 | 中国科学技术大学 | Inductance based on piezoceramic ceramic material and application thereof |
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| CN102281041A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-14 | 湖南嘉业达电子有限公司 | Method for insulation and moisture-proofness of piezoelectric ceramic frequency device chip in radial vibration mode |
| CN104771909B (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2017-03-29 | 湖南大学 | A kind of supersonic wave suspended toy car |
| CN112366271B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-09-09 | 安徽大学 | Integrated piezoelectric transformer capable of realizing capacitive impedance self-compensation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104821224A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-08-05 | 中国科学技术大学 | Inductance based on piezoceramic ceramic material and application thereof |
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