CN1206637A - Precast module leveling assembly for metallurgical vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

An interconnected precast module refractory leveling assembly for a metallurgical vessel is disclosed. The precast modules compensate for the sloping bottom of a metallurgical vessel. At least one precast module is disposed in each of two partial rings each of which is essentially a mirror image of the other so that the height of the leveling assembly varies substantially uniformly from a high point where the two mirror image portions join to a low point 180 degrees of arc displaced the two portions. Each of the refractory precast modules has a slight taper in height so that the ends of each precast module are the same height as the juxtaposed ends of the adjoining precast module.

Description

The precast module leveling assembly of metallurgical furnace

The present invention relates to high-temperature refractory, relate to a precast module or a plurality of precast module particularly as leveling assembly in the smelting furnace with tilting bottom.

Known to those of ordinary skill in the art, in the high temperature furnace such as steel ladle, the previous noticeable problem of order is how to prevent when discharging molten steel from stove that slag from polluting or mix with purer molten steel.Because slag proportion is lighter than molten steel, so slag will rise and concentrate on the top of bottom molten steel.Be arranged on furnace bottom if topple over the hole, topple over the hole and molten steel is just therefrom flowed out to discharge unpolluted basically molten steel simply by opening.Yet when liquid level drops to when the furnace bottom, must incline with the residue molten steel at slag stops to topple over before; Thereby a large amount of molten steel is stayed in the stove and is failed to utilize.For making not the molten steel amount of utilizing as far as possible little, usual practicable way is that the tilting bottom is set, and this bottom has lower curtate being located on or near to be provided with to topple on the sole edge of locating in the hole.Yet, this way can make refractory brick install and utilization ratio lower.

Well-known slag has corrosivity and is coarse; In order to protect near the furnace wall the slag position, the more anti-slag of the refractory brick that needs a kind of ratio contact with molten steel corrodes a kind of refractory brick of (and more expensive).Thereby, the mal-condition the when refractory brick that is used for contacting with molten steel that price is lower is not enough to tolerate and contacts with slag.So normally adopt the lower refractory brick of price general main be that the field liner that contact with liquid steel is built the internal layer of a metal smelting furnace (for example steel ladle), and estimate generally with zone that slag contacts on the more expensive refractory brick of installation price.Because slag generally rests on the surface of molten steel, the refractory brick that this price is more expensive all is used for the lining cutting internal layer top of contiguous fire door usually.

For simplified structure with the benefit of high unit cost is provided, usually with fire-brick lined high temperature furnace internal layer from the bottom; After refractory brick was paved in the bottom, upwards block all was capped until whole inwall to cover inwall gradually from level to level again.If thereby as seen the bottom tilts, the continuous sidewall block of a circle circle also will tilt so, and the brick of a circle circle all tilts along with bottom angled.Yet the liquid surface in the stove will be a level, generally be to be parallel to the residing ground surface of stove; Contain like this liquid surface the plane will with the plane of a circle circle refractory brick at angle.Therefore, be in order to guarantee slag in a part of lining of the brick masonry lining more expensive with normal contact the between the refractory material by price, must build several circles in addition again or build some regional areas again with this more expensive refractory brick.

Can increase metal recovery rate because recognize the tilting bottom, so need make the hearth furnace modification make them that an effective tilting bottom be arranged and reclaim more no-pollution metal.

Therefore, not gratifying so utilize the pourability of refractory material or compacting compound to come compensating for tilt at present because cast or compacting filler can prolong the set-up time and make the cost height.

The present invention can satisfy the demand.The improvement of being done according to the present invention comprises that one or more layers is set has equity and one or more refractory material modules of precoating of inclined height, to form the slope compensation layer of correspondence.In circular or oval stove, inclined hole is positioned at bottom one side, and this forms a roughly annulus, this annulus from high point (this brick ring all is the highest) to from its low spot of 180 ° inclination (this module ring all is minimum).Thereby, but the inclination compensating for tilt bottom of a ring or many rings, other refractory masses (for example, brick or precast material) that compensation precast module layer top be installed like this is arranged in basically and liquid metal and the surperficial parallel plane of slag; And can avoid above-mentioned relative angle, thus only need the refractory material of the minimum anti-slag of which floor high price just can surround the slag contact zone of expectation, so cost-saved.

In circular or oval-shaped stove, inclined hole can be positioned at bottom centre, makes ring by refractory material, and its upper surface all is coplanar, and its bottom surface all is intilted to meet the downward-sloping of stove internal layer.

In having roughly flat stove, can adopt precast module, it can make stove and accessory that one tilting bottom is arranged, these modules can have integrally formed with it part, but these part compensating for tilt bottoms, side's mounted thereto like this fire brick layer all is positioned at the plane that is arranged essentially parallel to liquid metal and slag.

In the version of previous constructions, each section of slope compensation ring can be precoated into one or more modules, renders in the furnace shell downwards then, so can reduce stove time to wait and the labour during lining cutting again.In addition, because these modules all are local prefabricated (for example precoating), pro-rata is the butt tile shape so each module is according to round kiln adjacent base lining, and butt can provide required bottom surface to tilt and have the suitable opening that is used for discharge nozzle and injection device.

Being an of catalogue of the present invention improved the high-temperature flame-proof lining in the smelting furnace.

Another object of the present invention is to make that the bottom is easy to use to this stove of lopsidedness.

A further object of the present invention is to reduce the maintenance cost to the high temperature lining of the refractory material lining-up stove with tilting bottom.

Another purpose of the present invention is to reduce owing to slag destroys or the caused damage of other reason and change high-temperature refractory required time to wait for this reason.

Therefore, characteristics according to an embodiment of the invention, polylith refractory brick is assembled into the oblique angle of multilayer bottom compensating for tilt with inclined height, thereby, estimate that to being arranged essentially parallel to the follow-up flame retardant coating on surface provides support as the corrosion material of slag and so on.

According to another characteristics of the present invention, a layer of compensation (or multilayer) can be positioned near the stove tilting bottom or be positioned at top, part side, thereby can be flexible for installation.

According to another characteristics of the present invention, aforesaid fire brick layer structure can be mounted to annular for round kiln, and it can be configured to be in two 180 degree semicircles of mirror image separately, thereby can make simple installation.

According to another characteristics of the present invention, this annulus is prefabricated into (for example precoating) one or more snippets or module or a plurality of module in order to rendering in the stove downwards, thereby can reduce time to wait and expense.

According to also characteristics of the present invention, one or more snippets prefabricated component (for example precoating) or one or more prefabricated modules preferably include the adjacent segment of furnace bottom refractory brick, thereby can be more convenient for changing the furnace lining layer and can reduce time to wait of stove.

According to another characteristics of the present invention, for stove with center inclined hole, refractory brick is carried out standard (they can be installed separately or install as one or more modules), its upper surface all is a level, and its lower surface is inwardly with downward-sloping to meet the corresponding inclination of furnace bottom to its inclined hole.

Fig. 1 is the vertical view that is used to handle a kind of typical refractory material lining stove of molten steel;

Fig. 2 is the partial sectional view along Fig. 1 section line 2-2;

Fig. 3 is the partial sectional view along Fig. 1 section line 3-3;

Fig. 4 is the vertical view that is used to implement a general module of the present invention;

Fig. 5 A is the side view of module among Fig. 4;

Fig. 5 B is the side view of the another kind of form of the module that proposes among Fig. 5 A;

Fig. 6 is a stereogram, shows in two semicircle refractory brick rings manufactured according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 A is a stereogram, shows the multistage prefabricated modules of the part of semi-ring among Fig. 6;

Fig. 6 A ' is a stereogram, shows one section prefabricated modules of a semi-ring part among Fig. 6;

Fig. 6 B is a stereogram, shows the multistage prefabricated modules of semi-ring another part among Fig. 6;

Fig. 6 B ' is a stereogram, shows one section prefabricated modules of semi-ring another part among Fig. 6;

Fig. 7,7A and 7B are rectilinear (sectional side elevations), show a kind of modification of Fig. 6, the wherein two-layer fire-resistant major part of wanting overlapped with the formation semicircle, and thin end only is made of individual layer;

Fig. 8,8A and 8B show the vertical view of the inclination refractory brick of general type shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 9 is when adopting the quadrant shape module with extension, bottom, the vertical view of stove among Fig. 1.

Though the present invention can use a smelting furnace widely, this paper describes in conjunction with ladle.

See also accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 particularly makes as seen from the figure and is used to handle typical circular smelting furnace motlten metal, for example molten steel, such as ladle 10 in the steel industry.This stove generally comprises the internal layer of a metal shell 11, ground floor fire brick lining 12 and refractory brick 13 linings.The internal layer bottom comprises traditional inclined hole 14 and injection device position 15 and 16.Not all ladle all must adopt injection device.Inclined hole preferably is located on or near the minimum point place of stove tilting bottom, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, this stove (as shown in the figure) be from the center be offset near outer wall one locational.Departing from of injection device 15,16 as shown in Figure 1 is for miscellaneous equipment is installed.

For the internal layer that further specifies smelting furnace shown in Figure 1 and for refractory material level course constructed according to the invention is shown, in Fig. 2 and 3, show cross section 2-2 and 3-3 respectively.Fig. 2 shows two-layer refractory material 17,18, their general lining cutting pyrolytic semlting stoves, such as the bottom of furnace for treating liquid steel.As seen Fig. 2 show this two-layer 17 and 18 thickness separately thickness be uniformly, and be mounted for an inclined upper surface 19 of parts 18, these parts tilt so that pour out molten steel from stove to inclined hole 14 (not shown)s downwards.Aforesaid, this oblique layer has a plurality of advantages.Yet, in order to form aforesaid level, the invention provides a pair of oblique layer 20 and 21, the upper surface 22 that they are mounted to oblique layer 21 is approximate horizontal as shown in Figure 2.Therefore, Fig. 2 shows continuous multilayer brick, shows as the layer 23 and 24 that is arranged essentially parallel to the plane of containing stove 10 oral area (not shown)s, and the fire brick layer of above-mentioned so more anti-slag (with more expensive) must be highly minimum.If the ladle size makes that tiltedly the end of layer 20 and 21 is non-conterminous, they also can be made into " connections ", and that adopts ring of transition refractory material formation exactly.At the oblique two ends of layer 20 and 21, be respectively illustrated transition refractory material 25a/25b and 26a/26b, they with tiltedly layer be connected and pasting traditional sidewall refractory material 27 and 28 respectively.Refractory material 25a/25b and 26a/26b are sliver or quarter bat, and they are not oblique and identical with the thickness (highly) of adjacent bricks in the ring.

Fig. 3 shows the refractory material aforementioned layers becomes 90 degree with refractory masses shown in Figure 2 geometrical relationship; Certainly, identical parts illustrate with same numeral.Wherein show level course 20 and 21, and layer 21 surface 22 be level basically, and 29 reflections of the lining between the layer 20 and 21 the come out of the stove inclination and the bending characteristics of internal layer.

Fig. 4,5A and 5B show the refractory material module of first preferred embodiment according to the present invention.Fig. 4 is the concrete vertical view of implementing a kind of specific best general module 30 of the present invention.Because identical modules can be used for two semi-rings, is best so have the whole general module shape of identical inner face and outside.Half general module shape also is fit to, but since its thickness tilt, so institute need left and right module in the opposite direction to tilt, perhaps a mirror image semi-ring must be oppositely.The brick of half general key shape, circle, wedge shape and analogous shape all is fit to.Fig. 4 shows the shape of refractory material module 30, comprise a pair of substantially parallel surperficial 31 and 32, and a pair of complementation and be used to form the curved surface 33 and 34 that adjacent bricks shown in Figure 6 cooperates.

Fig. 5 A is the side view of refractory brick among Fig. 4, and shows the characteristics that tilt gradually that form compensation effect described herein.Thereby the brick height at 33 places, end of measurement size 35 is greater than the brick height at 34 places, end of measurement size 36; And its difference in size 37 forms a controlled inclination of brick height, and this is with shown in Figure 6.Thereby, each the brick height in the semicircular ring shown in Figure 6 different with adjacent bricks with form as shown in the figure from the smooth inclination of left end 40 to right-hand member 41.Equally, can see,, show the refractory material of lower (weak point), and its relevant surfaces be marked by label 32a and 34a at right-hand member 41 places.

Fig. 5 B shows another embodiment of the present invention, wherein is divided into two parts 37a and the 37b that locates to represent the apparent surface by the 37 represented inclinations of size among Fig. 5 A.

Those of ordinary skill in the art is appreciated that, in order to realize compensation effect of the present invention (as described herein), tilt quantity is to represent that by stove 10 bottom refractory materials 17 (Fig. 2) angle of inclination of the inclination of parts 19 (Fig. 2) upper surface determines, is represented by the inclination of parts 19 (Fig. 2) upper surface.So, the changes in pitch that will tilt with furnace bottom to the tilt quantity of right-hand member 41 (Fig. 6) from left end 40.

Fig. 6 is a stereogram, shows two semicircular rings of half general fire brick constructed according to the invention, complementary semicircular rings as shown in the figure be the mirror image of a semi-ring.Fig. 6 shows two-layer substantially the same refractory material, and one is layered on another layer.In order to finish a whole ring, the mirror image layer all is connected with 41 to form a circular mounting situation shown in Fig. 1-3 in end 40.Those of ordinary skill is appreciated that brick number of plies amount will tilt and the gradient of brick changes with furnace bottom in the art.

In order to connect two semi-rings, the brick that needs " left side " and " right side " direction to tilt.For fear of extra die cost, a more practical measure cooperates a plane vertical surface like this for cutting the two-layer end of two rings.If can not cut, the monolithic refractories filling can be used in the gap at the matching surface place of two semi-rings.Except unavoidable situation, do not recommend this practice, and should adopt high-intensity plastic refractory or compacting compound.

As described herein and, characteristics of the present invention are that it is to the prefabricated adaptability of module.Fig. 6 A and 6B show many members module 55 and 56, when they fit together, form one and the similar semi-ring of Fig. 6.Thereby those of ordinary skill can be recognized in the art, and for the module of assembly drawing 6A and 6B, the end shown in the label 57 and 58 will interconnect.

Further analysis chart 6B is shown dotted line 59,60 and 61.These dotted lines are represented another selection except the module of pie section 62, comprise the pro-rata part of the refractory material that covers furnace bottom.It can be butt that the summit 63 of this pie section (Fig. 6 B) has among the embodiment of a center inclined hole at some, is used for a space that is lined with the inclined hole nozzle (not shown) of refractory material to remove fraction 64 and to reserve.In the art those of ordinary skill as can be known, a similar pie extension can be attached on remaining each module, as module 55 (Fig. 6 A).

The module of Fig. 6 A and 6B also may be made in integrated poured or compacting module 55 ' and 56 ' (shown in Fig. 6 A ' and 6B '), forms and the similar semi-ring of Fig. 6 when they fit together.Thereby, for the module of assembly drawing 6A ' and 6B ', end 57 ' and 58 ' interconnect.

Further the dotted line 59 that illustrates of analysis chart 6A ' and 6B ' ', 60 ' and 61 '.These dotted lines (Fig. 6 B) expressions except a pie section 62 ' above-mentioned a kind of selection, comprise the refractory material pro-rata part that covers furnace bottom.The summit 63 of this pie section ' be butt in some embodiment with a center inclined hole is to remove fraction 64 ' and reserve the space of the inclined hole nozzle (not shown) that is used to be lined with refractory material.In the art those of ordinary skill as can be known, a similar pie extension can be attached on remaining each module, as module 55 ' (Fig. 6 A ').

Fig. 7 is the side view of a kind of modification shown in Figure 6, and wherein two-layer brick is stacked mutually forming the major part of semicircle, and thin end is made up of individual layer.Thereby at left end 42 places, the overlapping characteristics of brick layer are represented by overlapping refractory masses 30a and 30b, 42 form a total floor height in the end in an illustrated embodiment, for example as shown size 43 is approximately 8.5 inches, but are not limited thereto.In this embodiment, two geometries of brick are extended to a little 44 places, are reduced to remainder in this place's total height and include only a brick 45.As shown in the figure, the size 47 of holding the height at 46 places to be reduced to as shown in the figure is 1.25 inches, but is not limited in this.

For corresponding to the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 A and the 6B, can provide and the 70 and 71 similar sections of section shown in Fig. 7 A and the 7B.Herein, these two sections when fitting together, end 72 (Fig. 7 A) is connected with 73 (Fig. 7 B).

As described herein, design of the present invention can be used for non-circular stove; For this characteristics are described, figure 8 illustrates the arrangement that is comprised.Fig. 8 is a vertical view, and the inclination refractory material of a kind of general type shown in Figure 4 is shown.Left end 49 beginnings of arranging be a layer 50-50d, and be extended to right-hand member 51, finish with layer 55cc.Because foregoing structure, be with the corresponding gradient complementation of its stove lower surface of installing, so that the level compensation to be provided by refractory material 50 to 50cc formed gradients.Thereby this design can be applicable to comprise simultaneously in the lining of crooked and flat surfaces.

Moreover for the adaptability to the module prefabricating technique is described, shown module 75 (Fig. 8 A) and 76 (Fig. 8 B) are together corresponding to the arrangement of Fig. 8.Those of ordinary skill in the art it will be appreciated that assembling module needs end 77 (Fig. 8 A) and 78 (Fig. 8 B) are interconnected.

Fig. 9 shows the vertical view of stove shown in Figure 1, have this moment the extension, bottom 1/4th moulds (as the module 56 of Fig. 6 B ' ' and extend bottom cake fragment 62 ' shown in) on the throne, and show the cake fragment 62a-62d of bottom refractory material.Present technique field those of ordinary skill can recognize, cake fragment 62b, 62c and 62d as required can modification to hold biasing inclined hole 14 and injection device position (for example injection device outlet) 15 and 16.Also can recognize the connecting line of the adjacent cake sheet of line 80,81,82 and 83 (Fig. 9) expression.

It is more smaller than the stove diameter of being placed that present technique field those of ordinary skill is appreciated that all precast module refractory materials discussed in this article can make, so that insert.Any pourable refractory material of filling, this material can be tamped, pour into a mould or spray and put in place simply in formed any space between furnace shell wall or safe flame retardant coating and the precast module of the present invention.

Can recognize that as the technical field those of ordinary skill accurate dimension of precast module of the present invention can be according to the total capacity of the inclination of the adjacent bottom surface of stove, stove and geometric object-as topple over the possible position of impact pad and injection position.Present technique field those of ordinary skill is appreciated that geometry as herein described can provide the precast module refractory material leveling assembly of an interconnection, is used for improving the utilization ratio of smelting furnace refractory material.

Though in order to illustrate, the specific embodiment to present technique is described, those of ordinary skill only is appreciated that otherwise breaks away from by the present invention that appended claims limited in the art, also can make multiple modification and variation to it.

Claims (10)

1. interconnection refractory material leveling assembly that is used to have the smelting furnace of a tilting bottom, comprise a plurality of high-temperature refractory precast modules that are assembled into first local ring and a plurality of high-temperature refractory precast modules that are assembled into second local ring, described all precast modules have height, width and length three-dimensional dimension, the intermediate sizes that each precast module of each local ring has an inclined height and is different from the height of each the adjacent precast module in described each local ring.

2. interconnection refractory material leveling assembly as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first local ring is first semicircle, described second local ring is second semicircle, described semicircle has first end and second end separately, described first end of described first semicircle is connected with described first end of described second semicircle, and described second end of described first semicircle is connected to form a whole circle with described second end of described second semicircle.

3. interconnection refractory material leveling assembly that is used to have the smelting furnace of a tilting bottom, comprise a plurality of high-temperature refractory precast modules that are assembled into first local ring and a plurality of high-temperature refractory precast modules that are assembled into second local ring, described all precast modules have height, width and length three-dimensional dimension, the intermediate sizes that each precast module of each local ring has an inclined height and is different from the height of each the adjacent precast module in described each local ring, described first local ring is first semicircle, described second local ring is second semicircle, described semicircle has first end and second end separately, described first end of described first semicircle is connected with described first end of described second semicircle, described second end of described first semicircle is connected with described second end of described second semicircle to form a whole circle, and the described height of described precast module link all is essentially identical at the described first and second semicircle link places.

4. interconnection refractory material leveling assembly that is used to have the smelting furnace of a tilting bottom, comprise a plurality of high-temperature refractory precast modules that are assembled into first local ring and a plurality of high-temperature refractory precast modules that are assembled into second local ring, described all precast modules have height, width and length three-dimensional dimension, the intermediate sizes that each precast module of each local ring has an inclined height and is different from the height of each the adjacent precast module in described each local ring, also comprise having at least one deck to be stacked in refractory material precast module on described first local ring and described second local ring, in order at least one additional leveling refractory masses of the described tilting bottom of further compensation.

5. the refractory material leveling assembly of interconnection as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, two-layer precast module overlaps each other and forms the major part of semicircle, and the individual layer that is made of at least one precast module forms the remainder of described semicircle.

6. container that is used for the splendid attire high-temperature molten metal, described container has (a) and has the support shell of sidewall and the internal layer that a tilting bottom is used to form the described motlten metal of splendid attire, the described internal layer of described container comprises a fire brick lining, and (b) interconnection refractory material leveling assembly, comprise a plurality of high-temperature flame-proof precast modules of the first that is assembled into first local ring and a plurality of high-temperature flame-proof precast modules of second portion that are assembled into second local ring, described precast module has length, width, the height three-dimensional dimension, the intermediate altitude that each precast module of each local ring has an inclined height and is different from each the adjacent precast module in described each local ring.

7. container as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described interconnection refractory material leveling assembly is positioned at the adjacent described bottom of described container.

8. container as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described first local ring is first semicircle, described second local ring is second semicircle, wherein said semicircle has first end and second end separately, described first end of described first semicircle is connected with described first end of described second semicircle, and described second end of described first semicircle is connected to form a complete circle with described second end of described second semicircle.

9. container that is used for the splendid attire high-temperature molten metal, described container has (a) and has the support shell of sidewall and the internal layer that a tilting bottom is used to form the described motlten metal of splendid attire, the described internal layer of described container comprises a fire brick lining, and (b) interconnection refractory material leveling assembly, comprise a plurality of high-temperature flame-proof precast modules of the first that is assembled into first local ring and a plurality of high-temperature flame-proof precast modules of second portion that are assembled into second local ring, described precast module has length, width, the height three-dimensional dimension, the intermediate altitude that each precast module of each local ring has an inclined height and is different from each the adjacent precast module in described each local ring, also comprise having at least one deck to be stacked in refractory material precast module on described first local ring and described second local ring, in order at least one additional leveling refractory masses of the described tilting bottom of the described container of further compensation.

10. container as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, the described two-layer precast module that overlaps each other forms the major part of a semicircle, and the individual layer that is made of a pre-moulding forms the remainder of described semicircle at least.

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