CN1205728C - Permanent magnet rotor portion for electric machines - Google Patents
Permanent magnet rotor portion for electric machines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1205728C CN1205728C CN 00813143 CN00813143A CN1205728C CN 1205728 C CN1205728 C CN 1205728C CN 00813143 CN00813143 CN 00813143 CN 00813143 A CN00813143 A CN 00813143A CN 1205728 C CN1205728 C CN 1205728C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic pole
- permanent magnet
- rotor
- independent magnetic
- independent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
- H02K1/2773—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect consisting of tangentially magnetized radial magnets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
A rotor for an electric machine comprising a plurality of independent poles (58) having a triangular cross section shape and permanent magnets (56) having a trapezoidal cross section shape. The shapes of the independent poles and permanent magnets cooperate to improve the integrity of the lodgment of each permanent magnet.
Description
Technical field:
Generally speaking, the present invention relates to a kind of vehicles that are used for electric power to be provided to drive auxiliary equipment and to be the alternating current generator of battery charge.Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of improved permanent magnet rotor portion that is used for alternating current generator and other motors.
Background technology:
United States Patent(USP) Nos. 5,693,995,5,710,471,5,747,909 and 5,753,989 disclose the common rotor structure that is used for alternating current generator.
Summary of the invention
Permanent magnet rotor portion of the present invention solves a plurality of technical problems and the defective of prior art rotor.Common prior art rotor is shown in attached Fig. 1 and 2, and the rotor 16 of prior art makes to be made by the material with high magnetic permeability.Rotor 16 generally includes a plurality of rotor field poles 18, and these magnetic poles radially extend out from rotor core 20, has space 22 between rotor field pole 18, and it is sized to receive has tangential permanent magnet magnetized (not shown).Between space 22 and magnet size, need certain mechanical tolerance, in manufacture process, to insert magnet.Therefore, the result of this structure has produced " association " (machinery) air gap, and this can make the motor properties that adopts rotor 16 descend.In addition, can produce useless magnetic flux path or flux leakage path at rotor core 20.This useless magnetic flux path can cause " flux leakage " significantly, thereby makes efficiency of motor and the decreased performance that adopts rotor 16.Permanent magnet rotor of the present invention has been eliminated these problems of prior art rotor.
On the one hand, the present invention relates to a kind of rotor that is used for motor, it comprises: along being arranged circumferentially a plurality of independent magnetic pole and the permanent magnet that strikes a bargain for structure, make each permanent magnet be located in succession or continuous a pair of independent magnetic pole between form.This set of permanent magnet and independent magnetic pole has been determined an external rotor periphery and a central opening that is used to hold axle, rotor rotation on described axle.Each independent magnetic pole all has and is roughly leg-of-mutton cross section, and an apex portion and an end have been determined in described triangular-section, and described apex portion faces central opening, and described end has formed an outside part of changeing in periphery.Each permanent magnet all has the second end facing to the part of the first end of central opening and formation external rotor periphery.Each permanent magnet is tapered towards the second end from first end.Here, this geometry in particular of each permanent magnet is called as " inverse taper ".The key character of rotor of the present invention is that the centrifugal force that is produced by the rotation of rotor radially promotes each permanent magnet away from central opening.In addition, the form fit of above-mentioned centrifugal force and independent magnetic pole and permanent magnet is with holding fully of each permanent magnet of further raising between corresponding paired continuous independent magnetic pole.All by a separated by spaces, the shape in described space is consistent with the shape of the corresponding permanent magnet that is positioned at the space to continuous independent magnetic pole for each.
Rotor of the present invention also comprises a pair of propeller boss.Permanent magnet and independent magnetic pole are between propeller boss.Independent magnetic pole is installed on the propeller boss in the following manner, promptly between the apex portion of independent magnetic pole, do not have interconnected, can respond to the magnetic force that its direction is approximately perpendicular to rotor radius.
Permanent magnet is to be made by the magnetic material of selecting from ferrite, neodymium, pottery and samarium-cobalt etc.
In related fields, the present invention relates to a kind of rotor that is used for motor, comprising: be provided with alternating structure at least two independently magnetic pole and at least two permanent magnets make the form of each permanent magnet between a pair of independent magnetic pole in succession or continuous.This set of permanent magnet and independent magnetic pole has been determined an external rotor periphery and a central opening that is used to hold axle, rotor rotation on described axle.Each independent magnetic pole all has first end that faces central opening and the second end that forms the part of external rotor periphery.The second end of each independent magnetic pole all has pair of lips, and described lip is consistent with the qualification curve of the external rotor periphery of determining at this place.Each permanent magnet all has first end that faces central opening and the second end that forms the part of external rotor periphery.Each lip of the second end of each independent magnetic pole all abuts against the part of the second end of corresponding permanent magnet, thus, the centrifugal force that is produced by the rotation of rotor radially promotes each permanent magnet away from central opening, and, above-mentioned centrifugal force cooperates with independent magnetic pole and permanent magnet, has improved in corresponding holding fully of each permanent magnet between the continuous independent magnetic pole in pairs with further.All by a separated by spaces, the shape in described space is consistent with the shape of the corresponding permanent magnet that is positioned at the space to independent magnetic pole in succession or continuous for each.In one embodiment, each permanent magnet all has the cross section of inverse taper.In another embodiment, each permanent magnet all has the cross section that is roughly rectangle.
Description of drawings
Should think that feature of the present invention is novel.Following accompanying drawing only is schematically and not to draw in proportion.But, the present invention itself, promptly its structure and method of operation can be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and with reference to following detailed better, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the exploded view of the permanent magnet rotor portion of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the top view of magnetic pole shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the exploded view of permanent magnet rotor portion of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the side sectional view of permanent magnet shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 5 is the view of cutting open along 5-5 shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 6 is the view of cutting open along 6-6 shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 7 is the stereogram of permanent magnet shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 8 is the stereogram of permanent magnet rotor portion of the present invention.
Fig. 9 has represented the part of permanent magnet rotor portion shown in Figure 8 and the magnetic flux path that passes this rotor portion.
Fig. 9 A is the top plan view of Fig. 3,8 and 9 described magnetic poles.
Figure 10 is a chart, and it shows the characteristic by the gathering magnetic flux path that structure obtained of permanent magnet rotor portion of the present invention.
Embodiment
When describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, can be with reference to accompanying drawing 1-10, wherein similar sequence number is represented element similar among the present invention.
For the ease of the advantage of understanding and cognition permanent magnet rotor portion of the present invention, at first the permanent magnet rotor portion of typical prior art is described with reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2.
Referring to Fig. 1, the figure shows the rotor arrangement 10 of prior art.Device 10 generally includes propeller boss 12, screw 13, propeller boss 14 and field structure 16.Screw 13 is set to pass the corresponding opening on the field structure 16 and screws in the screwed hole 17 in the propeller boss 14.
In the time of in being installed in motor, rotor 10 rotates with respect to the stator (not shown).Described the typical structure that is used for alternating current generator in the United States Patent (USP) 5,693,995,5,710,471,5,747,909 and 5,753,989 of ordinary license, the content of these patent disclosures is included in this article as a reference.
Referring to Fig. 2, ten (10) rotor field poles 18 are radially extended from rotor core 20.Rotor 16 is made by high-permeability material.Rotor 16 can be made of independent solid members, perhaps is made of a plurality of laminated pieces with cross section shown in Figure 2.The size in the space 22 between the magnetic pole 18 is made and can be held the permanent magnet (not shown) with tangential magnetic force.In order to insert magnet during fabrication, between the size in space 22 and magnet size, need mechanical tolerance.The result of this structure has produced " association " (machinery) air gap that reduces motor performance.In addition, useless magnetic flux path or flux leakage path have been produced at iron core 20 places.This useless magnetic flux path can cause significantly " flux leakage " and reduce efficiency of motor and performance.The permanent magnet rotor portion of prior art has above-mentioned shortcoming, and permanent magnet rotor portion shown in the present then can be avoided these shortcomings.
Referring to Fig. 3, the figure shows the exploded view of permanent magnet rotor portion 50 of the present invention.Rotor portion 50 generally includes propeller boss 52 and 54, permanent magnet 56, independent magnetic pole 58, fastening bolt 60 and 62.Each magnetic pole 58 also comprises a plurality of extend vertically and size is made the opening 63 that can hold corresponding bolt 60.Propeller boss 52 and 54 has the threaded openings 64 that is used to hold bolt 62.Propeller boss 52 and 54 is made by nonmagnetic substance (low magnetic permeability material).Independent magnetic pole 58 and fastening bolt 60 are made by high-permeability material.
Referring to Fig. 3,4-7 and 8, in a preferred embodiment, permanent magnet 56 has specific structure and orientation, is called as " inverse taper " here.Each all has the shape that cooperates with corresponding permanent magnet 56 to the space between the magnetic pole 58 in succession or continuous, and corresponding permanent magnet 56 is paired in succession or in the space between the continuous magnetic pole 58.It is the end 68 of W2 that each magnet 56 all has end 66 and the width that width is W1, and described width W 2 is less than width W 1.Magnet 56 also comprises a pair of side, and one of them is indicated with sequence number 70, and another is expression not.Referring to Fig. 8, the layout of given shape that a key character of the present invention is a magnetic pole 58 and each magnet 56 in layout and the space between magnetic pole 58.Referring to Fig. 9 and 9A, each magnetic pole 58 is all made fan-shaped and is had and is roughly leg-of-mutton cross section, and wherein the summit 71 of each magnetic pole 58 is all pointed to rotor center or pointed to the axle (not shown), and rotor 50 rotates on this axle.The shape of each magnetic pole 58 and each magnetic pole 58 provide at each the trapezoidal space that is roughly between the magnetic pole 58 in succession with respect to the position of other magnetic poles 58.Each magnet 56 all inserts each in succession or in the corresponding space between the continuous magnetic pole 58.Therefore, the end 68 of each magnet all roughly is positioned on the external diameter or circumference of rotor 50.Compare with prior art rotor structure shown in Figure 2, a key character of magnet shown in Fig. 3, the 4-7 and 8 and field structure is that on the inside diameter horizontal plane, do not interosculate in the summit 71 of triangle magnetic pole 58.The result of magnet of the present invention and field structure is that the magnetization direction of arrow 72 (see figure 4)s indication is approximately perpendicular to the radius of rotor 50.That is to say that the structure and layout of magnet 56 and magnetic pole 58 force magnetic flux to focus on the effect air gap between rotor and the stator (not shown).Final magnetic flux path is presented among Fig. 9 and with sequence number 74 and indicates.
The form fit of magnet 56 and magnetic pole 58 gets up to prevent that magnet 56 from shifting out from the space between the magnetic pole 58.In rotor 50 operation process, centrifugal action on magnet 56, and on diametric(al) the extruding and locking rotor 50.Therefore, the ad hoc structure and the layout of permanent magnet 56 and magnetic pole 58 by rotor 50 of the present invention can be avoided being created in the rotor structure of prior art shown in Figure 2, are formed problem and the shortcoming that useless magnetic flux path brings by the interconnected of magnetic pole 18.In this manner, from fact having eliminated " association " air gap.Referring to Fig. 9 A, in a preferred embodiment, each magnetic pole 58 all comprises lip 75 and 76 with further fixed magnet 56, and prevents that each magnet 56 from radially outwards moving in the effect air gap between rotor 50 and the stator (not shown).In alternative embodiment, the contact surface between each magnet 56 and contiguous magnetic pole 58 has applied bonding film.
In alternative embodiment, also can replace magnet 56 with rectangular magnet.In this structure, every pair continuously or the space between the independent magnetic pole in succession all be roughly rectangle, and independent magnetic pole has the lip (similar lip 75 and 76) that radially fetters rectangular magnet.On the contact surface between rectangular magnet and the magnetic pole 58, also applied bonding film.
In the assembling process of rotor 50, it is rotor 50 that a step is preferably arranged, and radially promotes magnet 56 to make centrifugal force before balancing rotor 50.
Referring to Figure 10, the figure shows the chart of Φ and mmf (magnetic flux and motor magnetic force) and equivalent electric circuit, it has represented the characteristic of the magnetic flux path that the structure and layout by magnet 56 and magnetic pole 58 form.Symbol shown in the equivalent electric circuit has following implication:
R
Gap: the motor gas-gap magnetic resistance;
R
Pgap: the association air-gap reluctance between each magnet 56 and magnetic pole 58;
R
Lk: the leakage magnetic resistance that is present in the magnet end;
R
Mg0: by the inside magnetic resistance of magnet thickness decision;
Φ r: interior flux is equivalent to ideal current source (Φ r:=B in magnetic circuit
rA
MgThe residual magnetic flux density of having represented permanent magnet and product) perpendicular to the area of magnetization direction;
Φ m: by the magnetic flux of magnet generation;
Φ
Gap: the magnetic flux in the motor gas-gap.
Referring to Figure 10, each permanent magnet 56 is all radially pushed by centrifugal force, and therefore, the association air gap reduces, and makes R
PgapValue near zero.This is reflected in the chart of Φ and mmf is to make load line near magnetic flux line.The result is that air-gap flux is higher.Therefore, adopt independent magnetic pole 58 and prevent that magnetic flux from finding the shorter path will be from reducing to leak magnetic resistance in fact.
Owing on the inside diameter aspect, do not have the junction between the independent magnetic pole 58,, reduced main leak path so compare with the permanent magnet rotor portion of prior art.In the structure of the magnet 56 that adopts inverse taper, these magnet can be from reducing the association air gap in fact, and these air gaps are needed (because rigging errors) when the rectangular magnet of prior art is inserted corresponding coffin.Because the following fact, promptly when rotor 50 rotations, independent magnetic pole 58 radially is fixed under propeller boss 52 and 54, fastening bolt 60 and 62 effects, and permanent magnet 56 is radially pushed by centrifugal force.Therefore, from having reduced the association air gap in fact.
As can be seen, rotor 50 is simpler than the rotor structure of prior art from top description.In addition, should be understood that although rotor 50 is described as being applied in alternating current generator or the mixing alternating current generator, rotor 50 also can be applied in the motor of any employing permanent magnet.
Above-mentioned declarative description principle of the present invention, preferred embodiment and mode of operation.The content that this invention is intended to protect should not be interpreted as being only limited to particular form disclosed herein, and these embodiment should think schematic rather than restrictive.Under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various deformation to the present invention.Therefore, foregoing description should be thought exemplary, is not described scope of invention of claims and spirit are limited.
Claims (17)
1. rotor that is configured for vehicles alternating current generator, its rotor is positioned at vehicles alternator frame and rotates with respect to stator, described rotor comprises: a plurality of independent magnetic pole and the permanent magnet that is provided with alternating structure along the circumferential direction, make the form of each permanent magnet between a pair of independent magnetic pole in succession, this set of permanent magnet and independent magnetic pole has been determined an external rotor periphery and a central opening that is used to hold axle, rotor rotation on described axle, each independent magnetic pole all has and is roughly leg-of-mutton cross section, a top and an end have been determined in described triangular-section, described top faces central opening, and described end has formed the part of external rotor periphery, each permanent magnet all has the inverse taper cross section, face first end of central opening and second end of a part that forms the external rotor periphery, each permanent magnet all is tapered towards second end from first end, thus, the centrifugal force that is produced by the rotation of rotor radially promotes each permanent magnet away from central opening, and the form fit of centrifugal force and independent magnetic pole and permanent magnet, further make the chucking more completely of each permanent magnet between corresponding every pair of independent magnetic pole in succession, this rotor is configured to without any being installed in being used for permanent magnet and the fixing ring-type element of independent magnetic pole of surrounding rotor circumference on the rotor.
2. rotor as claimed in claim 1, also comprise a pair of propeller boss, permanent magnet and independent magnetic pole are between propeller boss, and independent magnetic pole is installed on the propeller boss in the following manner, promptly between the apex portion of independent magnetic pole, do not have interconnected so that can respond to the magnetic force that direction is approximately perpendicular to rotor radius.
3. rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pair of lip has all been determined in the end of each independent magnetic pole, and described lip is along circumferentially extending, and the curve that makes its periphery and external rotor periphery determine at this place is consistent.
4. rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein each independent magnetic pole all have vertically extend, be roughly rectangle and size and make and be suitable for holding hole with the fastening bolt that is roughly the square-section, axially extended hole has prevented that independent magnetic pole from rotating around fastening bolt and independent magnetic pole radially moves.
5. rotor as claimed in claim 4, wherein independent magnetic pole is made by the relative high material of magnetic permeability with fastening bolt.
6. rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein each magnet all is to be made by the magnetic material of selecting from ferrite, neodymium, pottery and samarium-cobalt etc.
7. rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein each all by a separated by spaces, the shape in described space is consistent with the shape of the corresponding permanent magnet that is positioned at the space to independent magnetic pole.
8. independent magnetic pole that is used in the permanent magnet rotor portion, described permanent magnet rotor has: be used to hold the central opening of axle, rotor rotation on described axle; An external rotor periphery; At least two permanent magnets, independent magnetic pole have and are roughly leg-of-mutton cross section, and this triangular-section defines a top and an end, and described top surface is facing to central opening, and described end has formed the part of external rotor periphery.
9. independent magnetic pole as claimed in claim 8, wherein a pair of lip has all been determined in the end of each independent magnetic pole, and described lip is along circumferentially extending, and the curve that makes its periphery and external rotor periphery determine at this place is consistent.
10. independent magnetic pole as claimed in claim 8, wherein each independent magnetic pole all have vertically extend, be roughly rectangle and size is suitable for holding the hole with the fastening bolt that is roughly the square-section, axially extended hole has prevented that independent magnetic pole from rotating around fastening bolt and independent magnetic pole radially moves.
11. independent magnetic pole as claimed in claim 8, wherein each independent magnetic pole is all made by the high relatively material of magnetic permeability.
12. permanent magnet that is used for vehicles alternating current generator, it is configured between independent in succession magnetic pole paired on the rotor, wherein each independent magnetic pole all has and is roughly leg-of-mutton cross section, rotor has central opening and the external rotor periphery that is used to hold axle, rotor rotation on described axle, permanent magnet has the inverse taper cross section, face first end of central opening and form second end of the part of external rotor periphery, and permanent magnet is tapered towards second end from first end.
13. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 12, wherein permanent magnet is to be made by the magnetic material of selecting from ferrite, neodymium, pottery and SmCo etc.
14. rotor that is used for motor, comprise: be provided with alternating structure at least two independently magnetic pole and at least two permanent magnets, make each permanent magnet between paired independent magnetic pole in succession, this set of permanent magnet and independent magnetic pole has formed an external rotor periphery and a central opening that is used to hold axle, rotor rotation on described axle, each independent magnetic pole all has first end that faces central opening and the second end that forms the part of external rotor periphery, the second end of each independent magnetic pole all has a pair of lip, described lip is consistent at the curve that this place limits with the external rotor periphery, each permanent magnet all has first end that faces central opening and second end that forms the part of external rotor periphery, each lip of second end of each independent magnetic pole all abuts against the part of the second end of corresponding permanent magnet, thus, the centrifugal force that is produced by the rotation of rotor radially promotes each permanent magnet away from central opening, and the form fit of above-mentioned centrifugal force and independent magnetic pole and permanent magnet, each permanent magnet between corresponding paired independent magnetic pole is tightened more completely, each independent magnetic pole all has extension vertically, be roughly rectangle and its size is suitable for holding the hole with the fastening bolt that is roughly the square-section, axially extended hole has prevented that independent magnetic pole from rotating around fastening bolt and independent magnetic pole radially moves, and this rotor is configured to without any being installed on the rotor surrounding rotor circumference with permanent magnet and the fixing ring-type element of independent magnetic pole.
15. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 14, wherein each all by a separated by spaces, the shape in described space is consistent with the shape of the corresponding permanent magnet that is positioned at the space in succession independent magnetic pole.
16. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 14, wherein each permanent magnet all has the cross section of inverse taper.
17. permanent magnet as claimed in claim 14, wherein each permanent magnet all has the cross section that is roughly rectangle.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15471899P | 1999-09-20 | 1999-09-20 | |
US60/154718 | 1999-09-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1375122A CN1375122A (en) | 2002-10-16 |
CN1205728C true CN1205728C (en) | 2005-06-08 |
Family
ID=22552479
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN 00813143 Expired - Fee Related CN1205728C (en) | 1999-09-20 | 2000-09-19 | Permanent magnet rotor portion for electric machines |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2003510998A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1205728C (en) |
DE (1) | DE10084941T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001022560A1 (en) |
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- 2000-09-19 WO PCT/US2000/025657 patent/WO2001022560A1/en active Application Filing
- 2000-09-19 CN CN 00813143 patent/CN1205728C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-09-19 DE DE10084941T patent/DE10084941T1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-09-19 JP JP2001525825A patent/JP2003510998A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
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CN103036334A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-10 | 蒙塔纳里朱利奥&C.有限责任公司 | Permanent magnet rotor for a rotary electric machine |
CN103036334B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2016-06-22 | 蒙塔纳里朱利奥&C.有限责任公司 | PM rotor for electric rotating machine |
CN103959608A (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2014-07-30 | 法雷奥电机设备公司 | Rotor for a rotary electric machine and rotary electric machine comprising such a rotor |
CN103959608B (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2016-08-17 | 法雷奥电机设备公司 | Rotor and the electric rotating machine including the type rotor for electric rotating machine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2001022560A1 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
DE10084941T1 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
CN1375122A (en) | 2002-10-16 |
JP2003510998A (en) | 2003-03-18 |
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