CN1203719C - Handover procedures in radio communication system - Google Patents
Handover procedures in radio communication system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1203719C CN1203719C CN00819367.3A CN00819367A CN1203719C CN 1203719 C CN1203719 C CN 1203719C CN 00819367 A CN00819367 A CN 00819367A CN 1203719 C CN1203719 C CN 1203719C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- mobile unit
- message
- switching
- new
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 101000821257 Homo sapiens Syncoilin Proteins 0.000 claims description 65
- 102100021919 Syncoilin Human genes 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 47
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 441
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 51
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 41
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 37
- 108010003272 Hyaluronate lyase Proteins 0.000 description 26
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 4
- LNYQYQFDAYWLAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N BSCC Chemical group BSCC LNYQYQFDAYWLAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013439 planning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100135744 Caenorhabditis elegans pch-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000454 anti-cipatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011181 container closure integrity test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001915 proofreading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009131 signaling function Effects 0.000 description 1
- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
- H04W36/0072—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of resource information of target access point
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a cross-area switching method in UMTS mobile systems by a TDD type full duplex TDMA-SCDMA technique (and FDMS-SDMA). The complexity of the used technique requires to use a frame synchronous mechanism of a downlink pilot signal, wherein the downlink pilot signal is broadcast by a base station and is responded by a signature sequence transmitted by a single mobile unit in the predicted process of accessing an uplink; high encryption speed required by a CDMA technique (1.28M code sheets) together improperly increase other fields to a downlink pilot frequency sequence kept as a pure synchronous sequence; relative to GSM, a field used for transmitting system frame numbers FSN lacks in synchronous burst; FSN for super frame synchronization and encryption on a channel is indispensable; SFN information comprises use as other broadcast information in a public signalling channel, which results in the unacceptable slowness of switching speed; therefore, a message is created; moreover, the message is sent to a network for returning a current system frame number FSN in a new cell in a dedicated mode for using the message as a reply of a switching access message transmitted by the mobile unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mobile radiotelephone field, particularly a kind of method that is used for carrying out handover at third generation mobile communication system.
Background technology
Over past ten years, mobile radio telephone system has experienced one section continual technical development, from abandoning first generation system (it is characterized in that transmitting the analog-modulated of carrier wave) gradually, being altered to second-generation system (is characterized in that digital modulation and the baseband signal that is converted to numeral is carried out digital processing widely (DigitalSignal Processing, DSP)).Now ripe when entering that more the mobile system of level concepts is served, so-called third generation system that Here it is, it mainly is the different cut-in methods of service-user to physical channel with the difference of front two generations system.The application that the design utilization of these systems obtains under military environment is continued to use and relevant be suitable for protecting the confidentiality of transmission information and guarantee because the transmission feasibility study that the noise (interference) that destruction causes has certain immunity.These targets reach, and it is to realize by manually widening with respect to the transmission carrier modulation frequency spectrum of baseband frequency spectrum.Therefore this modulation technique is called spread spectrum, promptly the pseudo noise type codes sequence of each low character rate symbol of the signal that will transmit with higher spreading rate multiplied each other, its scope makes it can only allow the people who obtains proper authorization conduct interviews for information transmitted is spread on the wide spectrum actually.For this reason, band spread receiver carries out demodulation to received signal, and comes the reconstruct initial data by the time correlation between the local replica of the sign indicating number sequence carrying out restituted signal and use in modulator.Relevant according to the symbol of restituted signal with mathematics between the correct sign indicating number sequence, be in the primary signal of its maximum level in the output acquisition of receiver, so it can make a distinction with noise and interference.In commercial environment, particularly in the mobile radiotelephone communications field, it is quite different with foregoing military target to predict modulation spread spectrum purposes.Special purposes is to make same physical channel can carry out sharing simultaneously between the more users that identify with different spreading codes.The correlation technique of being abbreviated as CDMA (code division multiple access, code division multiple access) adopts mutually orthogonal spread spectrum code sequence, and just their each other relevant can be assumed to sky.This just makes that the different user that is superimposed is distinguished in transmission band, because on the channel that is characterized as its own sign indicating number sequence, because relevant, the signal of other channel will occur as noise.Compare with conventional narrowband systems, other benefit that spread spectrum provides is the higher insensibility to the decline of Rayleigh (Rayleigh) selectivity, these declines are owing to repeatedly reflecting on the aerial path of transmission signals caused, and the portions of the spectrum relevant with the height decline is the very little part by the occupied whole frequency spectrums of useful signal.
Be about to the third generation mobile communication system or UMTS (the Universal MobileTelecommunications System of introducing, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) brings and has now (the Public Land Mobile Network of PLMN system to the whole world, Public Land Mobile Nerwork) Jian Rongxing a lot of huge problem, a wherein the most general problem is undoubtedly pan-European system GSM 900MHz (Global System forMobile communication, whole world mobile communication system) and directly offspring DCS 1800MHz (Digital Cellular System, Digital Cellular System).GSM follows the standard as recommendation issue by corresponding supranational institution (CEPT/CCIT is in the ETSI/ITU-T environment), and purpose is to make the operation of different telecommunication systems unified, thereby makes them compatible and therefore can communicate by letter.The applicant works in 3GPP tissue (3rd Generation Partnership Project, the 3rd generation partner plan) and China organize CWTS (Chinese Wireless Telecommunication Standards, China's aerogram standard), be engaged in its exploitation based on the third generation mobile communication system of CDMA technology.Immediate objective is to preserve the functional character of GSM as much as possible, but as long as the influence of new CDMA technology necessarily requires special solution, just intervenes.Therefore, before embodiments of the present invention were described, in order to understand the technical problem that the present invention must solve better, the certain operations characteristic of describing gsm system was necessary.
Fig. 1 shows the simple and clear block diagram of GSM or DCS type mobile system functional structure; This figure can be used for describing the cdma system involved in the present invention (TD SCDMA) that will describe too.In Fig. 1, portable phone and vehicular phone symbol M S (MobileStation, travelling carriage) expression, be also referred to as mobile unit below, they with belong to the relevant TRX transceiver (not illustrating in the drawings) that is distributed in ground relevant base transceiver station BTS (Base Transceiver Station, base transceiver station) and carry out wireless connections.Each TRX links to each other with one group of antenna, and this group arrangement of antennas is guaranteed the unified wireless coverage to the sub-district of BTS service.One group of adjacent N sub-district that takies all carrier waves that are used for the mobile wireless business is called troop (cluster).Same carrier wave can be in the adjacent middle repeated use of trooping.The base station of a plurality of BTS types is connected to the public base station controller of representing with BSC (Base StationController, base station controller) by physical carrier.A plurality of BTS by the BSC administration form the functional subsystem that is defined as BSS (Base Station System, base station system).A plurality of BSS (BSC) are directly or by TRAU parts (Transcode and Rate Adaptor Unit, sign indicating number type conversion and Rate Adapter Unit) be connected to moving exchanging center MSC (Mobile Switching Centre, mobile switching centre), the TRAU parts allow on 64k bps connection line to 16 or 8k bps channel carry out submultiplex (submutiplexing), thereby optimize related application.TRAU carries out the sign indicating number type conversion of the GSM full rate (perhaps to 6.5k bps GSM half rate) from 64k bps voice to 13k bps, thereby allows with 16k bps or 8k bps stream they to be handled.
The MSC parts are connected to the switching center of ground network PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network, public switched telephone network) and/or ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network, integrated services digital network) again.Two databases (not illustrating in the drawings) that are called HLR and VLR are generally positioned at MSC; First database comprises the static data of each mobile unit MS, and second database comprises variable data; These two databases coact and make system can follow the tracks of the ground user who moves on a large scale who is expanding to different European countries.The BSC station control is also connected to can carry out the people/personal computer LMT (Local Maintenance Terminal, LMT Local Maintenance Terminal) of machine dialogue, execution is called O﹠amp; M function (Operation ﹠amp; Maintenance, function operations and the OMC of maintenance centre (Operation and Maintenance Centre) such as supervision operation and maintenance), management, warning, traffic measurement assessment, and be connected to the SGSN parts that are used for packet switched data service [GPRS (General Pakcet Radio Service, GPRS) support node] of regulation in GSM 04.64 at last.
Vertical dotted line among the figure is used for marking the interface boundary line between the main function components, that is: represent wave point between MS and BTS with Um, represent interface between BTS and BSC with A-bis, represent interface between BSC and TRAU with A-sub, represent interface between TRAU and MSC with A, the perhaps direct interface between MSC and BSC is represented RS232 interface between BSC and LMT with T, represent interface between BSC and OMC with O, and represent interface between BSC and SGSN with Gb at last.Above-mentioned interface has description: 04.01 (Um), 08.51 (A-bis), 08.01 (A), 12.20 and 12.21 (O), 04.60 (Gb) in following GSM recommendation.
Fig. 2 illustrates coming and compared to Figure 1 more advanced scene graph.Among Fig. 2, have a sub-district of being served adjacent to the base station BTS C by the new system that is called 3G (the 3rd generation) by the sub-district of the BTS service of gsm system at least, this new system comprises the application's goal of the invention.On the connecting line of different parts, show description to relevant interface.In the figure, we can see the station control unit BS CC that is connected to BTS and BTSC station; After representing the BSC that only is used for GSM suitably revised, the BSCC parts can support the station control at new BTSC station (dash area is represented to revise).Be connected the interface that utilization is similar to A-bis between BSCC and new BTSC.Air interface between BTSC and mobile unit is called Uu, so that it is distinguished mutually with the Um of GSM.Equally, mobile unit is called UE (UserEquipment, subscriber equipment), represents different descriptions, to be consistent with different design setting to air interface and mobile unit with different titles.From the scene of Fig. 2, can see and between GSM and these two systems of 3G, have the possibility of switching (switching between system), this switching therefrom obtains the double mode and Multiband-operation of mobile subscriber equipment UE by supporting the inner BSCC parts that switch of General System to support.
In the design of mobile system, the main aspect that influences method for designing be select to plan on physical channel, to realize access style, between different user, to share available band.Known access technology comprises: the FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access, frequency division multiple access) that carries out frequency division multiple access; Carry out the TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access, time division multiple access) of time division multiple access; Carry out the CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access, code division multiple access) of code division multiple access; And the SDMA (Space Division Multiple Access, space division multiple access) that carries out space division multiple access.
Use the FDMA technology, each user can not share its frequency channels with any other user in the whole service request time.This situation is called SCPC (Single Channel Per Carrier, channel of every carrier wave), typically belongs to first generation analogue system.Use the TDMA technology, whole radio-frequency spectrum is assigned to a plurality of users in the different time (being called time slot).In a time slot, have only a user to send and/or to receive.Use CDMA technology, whole radio-frequency spectrum is distributed to a plurality of users simultaneously, and this technology had been carried out explanation in front.Use the SDMA technology, be similar to described CDMA technology, whole radio-frequency spectrum is distributed to a plurality of users simultaneously, by confirming the different arrival directions of radio signal, different user is distinguished.
In same mobile system, above-mentioned access technology can be used separately, perhaps combines to carry out possible being used.The FDMA-TDMA technology that gsm system adopt to mix is compared with pure FDMA, has avoided the excessive use of carrier wave, and has compared with pure TDMA, has avoided the frame structure long and can not provide.New 3G system adopts the FDMA-TDMA-SCDMA access technology in conjunction with the advantage of GSM and CDMA technology.Gsm system and new 3G system can utilize smart antenna, also the SDMA access technology can be joined existing multiplexing in, this will be applied in the 3G system.
In the PLMN system, the user can send information to the base station simultaneously when receiving information from the base station.This communication pattern is called full duplex, and can realize by using frequency domain and Time-Domain Technique.The FDD technology of using in GSM (Frequency Division Duplexing, Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD)) adopts different frequency ranges to uplink path (up link) with downlink path (down link).These two frequency ranges are not separated with the interval frequency range with one, to carry out suitable rf filtering.TDD technology (TimeDivision Duplexing, time division duplex) is that up link adopts the different business hours with down link for all multiplexing in two transmission directions channels.If the time-division between two business hours is very little, then sends and receive and for the user, feel to be simultaneously.The new 3G employing TDD of system technology involved in the present invention.
Any plan provides the common moving system (PLMN) of the quality of service standard that can compare favourably with fixed-line telephone network must be suitable for adopting complicated signaling to the user.In gsm system, we can notice that this problem is by adopting special solution to be resolved to the FDMA-TDMA technology.At least for the wave point with main influence, these solutions can not be grafted directly to the telephone system based on CDMA technology.We can say that third generation mobile system still is in the stage at daybreak, the information of therefore relevant complete Signalling method definition is the committee of the company internal circulation in limited their system definition of several participations, and is not considered as public field as yet.Therefore it is useful gsm system (or DCS) being carried out general description, and according to internationally recognized viewpoint, this system is being state-of-the-art a kind of aspect providing diversity of operations and the quality.Next step is discussed to gsm system (or DCS) to Fig. 8 with reference to Fig. 3, begin to relate to content of the present invention then, the structure of signaling channel and use, particularly about by mobile unit with switch access wireless channel, and the aspect of the dissimilar CDMA technology of channel multiplexing (characteristic of himself is considered to known).
In the GSM900 system, available frequency band is divided as follows:
-uplink direction frequency sub-band (the 880-915MHz of MS → BTS);
-down link direction frequency sub-band (the 925-960MHz of BTS → MS);
-interval frequency range 10MHz 915-925MHz; Channel width 200kHz; Every frequency sub-band carrier number 173; Every carrier wave timeslot number 8; Full speed channel several 1384; Half-rate channel several 2768.
In the DCS1800 system, available frequency band is divided as follows:
-uplink direction frequency sub-band (the 1710-1785MHz of MS → BTS);
-down link direction frequency sub-band (the 1805-1880MHz of BTS → MS);
-interval frequency range 20MHz 1785-1805MHz; Channel width 200kHz; Every frequency sub-band carrier wave 374; Every carrier wave timeslot number 8; Full speed channel several 2992; Half-rate channel several 5984.
Fig. 3 illustrate 8 time slot TS0 ..., the sequential organization of TS7, in other words, the time slot in basic frame, they are used for the sub-district for use of those general carrier waves repeats aperiodically.The set of carrier wave and time slot forms the physical channel of Um Interface, is used for supporting channel characteristics information from logical perspective.The basic frame of Fig. 3 comprises all time slots from single transmission direction, and the working method of gsm system is a FDD symmetry full duplex.
Can see the outburst type of four kinds of different possible contents corresponding to any time slot in the figure.Organize in the sequence frames multilevel hierarchy that employed all carrier waves are observed in by gsm system.Therefore frame by all carriers carry phase mutually synchronization of BTS transmission allows frequency hopping, and the carrier wave of promptly distributing to physical channel can exchange, and increases system flexibility thus, and simplified between neighbor cell synchronously.Look up from the below of this figure; each time slot has 0.577 millisecond duration; corresponding to the bit duration of 156.25 * 3.69 microseconds, its carrying comprises the information burst of guard time GP that 142 useful bits, 3 stature bit TB and 3 tail bit TB and length are the breath of not taking a message of 8.25 bits.This burst can be divided into four kinds of different types (referring to GSM05.02, paragraph 5.2) according to scope:
Conventional burst, the 26 bit training sequences that comprise 2 * 58 useful bits (comprising redundancy) and be in mid-(midamble) position, this training sequence is used to estimate the radio channel impulse response, the wireless signal that it is modulated according to GMSK scheme (Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying, Guassian Minimum Shift Keying GMSK) for correct demodulation is useful.Different mid-be predictable, particularly relating under the situation of using the SDMA technology.Conventional burst is used for Traffic Channel and signaling associated therewith.Under the situation of voice, these 2 * 58 useful bits are to carry out the final result of complex process at each 260 bit block of the per 20 milliseconds of generations of the output of 13k bps speech coder.With big length this operation is described in GSM05.03, it comprises the steps: block encoding and convolutional encoding, introduces redundancy, and bit number is increased to 456 from 260; The diagonal angle of rearrangement, subregion and the 8 time slot degree of depth is staggered burst error is expanded to a plurality of bursts, add and steal flag of frame, and it is right to obtain 2 * 58 sub-blocks of bits; Encrypt, just, formed encryption stream by bit mutually; And burst makes up, adds mid-and bit TB with the acquisition access burst.To interlock with the bit of back piece and front piece and the encoding block bit is distributed to a plurality of bursts, this will reduce every bit loss under the situation that burst destroys, thereby improve the possibility of convolution decoder reconstruct raw information.
Frequency correction burst, this burst comprise 142 useful bits of logical layer " 1 ", are used for when receiving this burst, allow the clock frequency of mobile unit is proofreaied and correct.
Synchronization burst, this burst comprise 64 bits " synchronizing sequence " and 2 * 39 the encryption bits that are in middle seated position.This burst is received by 8 time-slot delay of mobile unit with the distance frequency correction burst, therefore the mobile unit that its oneself clock frequency has been carried out overcorrect can be distinguished the tram of " synchronizing sequence " in the burst of reception, and the zero hour of time slot.Encrypting bit comprises reconstruct frame number FN (Frame number, frame number), finishes the required information of synchronizing process.
Access burst, it comprises the 41 bit synchronous sequences that are in the starting position, is 36 subsequently and encrypts bit.The duration of protection period GP is 58.25 bits; Also there are 7 stature bit TB and 3 tail bit TB in addition.This burst is a kind of burst of short type, typically is used for first signaling is sent to network by mobile unit, and carrying out for example caller or access when switching, so its duration is shorter than the universal class type burst of front, and the time slot part of usefulness is not higher yet.In fact this characteristic makes mobile unit its message to be sent to network in the mode of non-complete time alignment (typical reason is because the propagation delay that the variable range between wireless station and mobile unit causes changes), and can not make the position of adjacent time-slots invalid and produce the danger of the current communication of interference.
Continue to look up in Fig. 3, can see, duration is that the basic frame of 4.615 milliseconds TDMA comprises 8 time slots (TS0...TS7).In the frame of identical information stream, two different order multiframes are predictable, and wherein, duration is that 120 milliseconds professional multiframe comprises 26 basic frames of TDMA, and duration is that 253.38 milliseconds control multiframe comprises 51 basic frames of TDMA.The superframe that it is 6.12 seconds that these two multiframes can constitute duration, comprise 1326 basic frames of TDMA; At last, 2048 order superframes form duration be 3 hours 28 minutes 63 seconds 760 milliseconds, comprise the hyperframe (iperframe) of 2,715,648 basic frames of TDMA.The frame number FN of radio broadcasting in the sub-district refers to the frame position in the hyperframe.
Fig. 4 illustrates the logic channel structure by tdma frame structural support shown in Figure 3.Can see that with reference to Fig. 4 foreseeable logic channel collection is divided into two classes: Traffic Channel TCH and control channel.TCH channel basis is that single logic channel or two alternate links are assigned to related time-slot or according to employed chnnel coding, are divided into full rate TCH/F or half rate TCH/H type.
The control channel class comprises following main channel: broadcast channel BCCH (Broadcast ControlCHannel, Broadcast Control Channel), Common Control Channel CCCH (Common Control CHannel, Common Control Channel) and some Dedicated Control Channel DCCH (Dedicated Control CHannel, Dedicated Control Channel).The BCCH channel comprises three subchannels: proper BCCH subchannel, synchronization suchannel SCH (Synchronization CHannel, synchronizing channel), with frequency correction channel FCCH (Frequency Correction CHannel, frequency correction channel).The CCCH channel comprises three subchannels: share and insert subchannel RACH (Random Access CHannel, Random Access Channel), permit subchannel AGCH (Access Grant CHannel, access grant channel) and paging channel PCH (PagingCHannel, paging channel).Dedicated Control Channel DCCH can be divided into two classes: " independence " channel SDCCH (Stand-alone Dedicated Control CHannel, Separate Dedicated Control Channel) and professional correlated channels ACCH (Associated Control CHannel, associated control channel).Professional correlated channels ACCH is divided into two kinds of channel types again: low relevant SACCH (Slow ACCH, slow ACCH) and fast FACCH (Fast ACCH, fast ACCH) type.After the generality tabulation of listing channel, studying from the formation of channel and application point of view, these channels are worth.
The TCH/F Traffic Channel is to distribute to the two-way channel of the mobile unit of finishing caller or called network access procedure; To switch and frequency hopping.They adopt conventional burst, and transmission comprises that 13k bps encoded voice or pure bit rate can reach 9.6k bps the circuit switching or the pay(useful) load of packet switched data.
6.5k bps encoded voice of TCH/H traffic channel transmission or pure bit rate can reach 4.8k bps circuit switching or packet switched data.The TCH/H Traffic Channel is compared with the TCH/F Traffic Channel, and quality is lower.
The BCCH control channel is the down link one-way channel, and point-to-multipoint is utilized the time slot 0 of carrier wave f0, described carrier wave BCCH.This channel is unique in the sub-district, and neither switches, and does not also carry out frequency hopping.Proper BCCH channel is used for propagating the information of general using system, for example: the channel architecture in the sub-district, thereon carry out level measurement neighbor cell bcch carrier tabulation, lane place identification number and be used for cell selecting and reselect some movable parameters, complete cell identification number, be used for the parameter of mobile unit operation under the idle pulley, be so-called RACH Control Parameter (being used to dispatch the mobile unit access attempts on the RACH channel) at last.
FCCH and SCH channel by the carrying of frequency correction burst and synchronization burst, are used in order by mobile unit respectively, with the frequency of their carrier wave synchronously, the zero hour (0 zero hour of time slot) and the position in hyperframe thereof of local delta frame.In tdma system, after the interference generation through adjacent time-slots, it is very important that burst still occurs in institute's distributed time slot, and this in addition situation also needs to check during mobile unit moves.For this reason, BTS adopts a process that is called " adaptive frame alignment " (in the GSM04.03 recommendation description being arranged), it is by the size of this process indication mobile unit transmission lead, thereby it is to the transmission of the mobile unit time slot with the delay receiving uplink frame of fixing three time slots, and no matter since between MS and the BTS round-trip delay that variation produced of distance change.The SCH channel comprises the BSIC field (Base Station Identity Code, base station identity code) that has cell ID, and this field is useful for the bcch carrier of mobile unit identification Serving cell with bcch carrier from neighbor cell.
The CCCH control channel is the two-way channel of the whole sub-district of service, and it neither switches and does not also carry out frequency hopping, and uses the time slot 0 of f0 carrier wave.
RACH shares access channel, only is present on the uplink direction, and the mobile unit of random distribution inserts request to be used for sending in time to network; It is carried by access burst.Multichannel inserts and can produce the channel occupancy dispute, and for example this dispute solves by " branch time slot ALOHA " process, as described in the GSM04.08.
The AGCH of two point-to-multipoint types and PCH channel, they only are present in downlink side upwards, transmit respectively mobile unit at the answer of the network insertion request of making on the RACH channel and network sends to mobile unit in called process so-called beep-page message.
Dedicated Control Channel DCCH is the two-way channel of point-to-point type, switches and frequency hopping.They can the transmitted bit speed range be 333.3 to 8000 bps signaling.
" independence " channel SDCCH, transmission is used for the network function signaling of (as adding (affiliation) etc.), and is used for the signaling up to the calling control of distribution T CH channel.After the mobile unit access network, distribute a SDCCH channel immediately.
ACCH channel (being respectively SACCH and FACCH) is included in the identical multiframe of related service channel.Specific as follows:
The SACCH channel, at uplink direction, the transmission mobile unit is to the transmission measurement of the signal that received by serving BTS and neighbor cell; In the down link direction, transmission is used for the different command of mobile unit, for example relevant with relevant TCH (first) SDCCH channel Timing Advance, power control etc., and the information of neighbor cell.
The FACCH channel, by with its TCH channel bit interlock (bit is stolen frame) obtain, therefore and can be used for the signaling that rate request is higher than the SACCH channel.
During Fig. 5 illustrates/situation of small-sized BTS (promptly the transceiver of Pei Beiing is less) under and in/situation of large-scale BTS under two kinds of possible structures of logic channel in the multiframe.Just can see this point expressly from the caption of this figure.In both cases, 26 traffic frames and relevant signaling multiframe 1 thereof) with 1 ') that yes is identical, different is 51 control frame multiframes.In multiframe 1) and 1 ') the frame free time (-) during, mobile unit is carried out power measurement to the bcch carrier of neighbor cell, and obtains relevant FCCH and SCH channel, with because presynchronization (frequency, time slot, frame number, BSIC) is carried out in possible switching.Because at the length 26 and 51 of these two multiframes prime number each other, these measurements are possible, thereby the channel that guarantees the skew of monitoring neighbor cell is in acquisition window.Can also see, always take two consecutive frames that mutual spacing is approximately 45.6 milliseconds at the FCCH and the SCCH channel of time slot 0 downlink transmission; This time is reasonably short, to satisfy access network first or to remain on synchronous needs of mobile unit under the idle condition.For access channel RACH (CCCH), can see that they take whole up link multiframe 3) or up link multiframe 5) major part.This is possible, because they are unique channels of TS0 group on the uplink direction.Remaining time slots 0 channel that downlink side makes progress, that is: proper BCCH and CCCH (AGCH, PCH) appear in four continuous basic frame groups, have the priority of CCCH group.Compare with small-sized BTS, in/large-scale BTS requires control channel to be distributed on two multiframes subsequently.
For example carry information is uploaded in two directions of propagation exchanging messages between mobile unit and network of the control logic channel of the air interface Um of structure as shown in Figure 5.This information is transmitted on the Um Interface frame, and more or less relates to other network portion shown in Fig. 1 and 2.In order to allow the routine operation of complicated mobile system GSM, it is necessary message being managed on form and flow process by appropriate protocol.
Fig. 6 illustrates the schematic diagram of the agreement with some levels of the telephone signaling of being used by gsm system, be used to manage distinct interface.This agreement major part is from the agreement of using in mobile analogue system TACS and pstn telephone system at present, and new demand and user that it is adjusted to adapt to air interface Um move the new demand that is produced.Some parts (PHL, MAC, RRM) with dashed lines carries out mark, and expression 3G system adopts the suitable version of specific protocol.Hierarchy is divided into control plane (C-Plane) with the signaling protocol function and goes up stacked parts group mutually, and they are described as continuous separate phases.Every layer of communication service that all utilizes low layer to provide, and its oneself service offered high level.The layer 1 of above-mentioned agreement strictly depends on the type of the physical carrier that is used for connecting the distinct interface two ends; It is described in the wireless connections of interface Um and the ground of A-bis and A interface is connected the required function of transmission bit stream.G.703 and G.711 the layer 1 that connects ground has description in the recommendation at CCITT.The function (transfer function) of the correct message sequence stream of layer 2 description control, purpose is the error-free virtual carrier of realizing between two tie points.The message processing function of 3 (being called network layer) of layer and higher layer description control master application process.Appendix A PP1 comprises the employed term explanation of Fig. 6 and two tables of describing each component function of Fig. 6, is respectively the 2nd layer (Table A) and the 3rd layer (table B).
Introduced at present the formant that helps the gsm system operation, studying some exemplary functions of being initiated by the activity of MS mobile unit then simply is worth.Then, the manner of execution of these functions and similar functions involved in the present invention are compared.
In mobile communication system GSM, mobile device MS does not carry out specific activities yet under " idle pulley " (promptly being its assigned with dedicated channel).In fact, as first step, mobile unit needs and can communicate with sub-district of Continuous Selection in moving process and be attached thereto by network.Above-mentioned activity belongs to " cell selecting " envelop of function, and this function has description in GSM03.22 and 05.08 recommendation.The another one demand is the monitoring beep-page message, and is possible called to answer.
Under the situation of " cell selecting ", the bcch carrier that mobile unit can be in troop more receives near the sub-district of the given number of its position by scanning it selects a sub-district to be attached thereto.This be by to BCCH broadcast channel content synchronously and read, carry out according to preceding method.For each bcch carrier, mobile unit is measured the power and the quality of received signal, thereby is updated to the tabulation of rare six best cell.First sub-district in the tabulation is the most reliable, and mobile unit links to each other with it.MS occurs under the following situation the access of network:
1. calling subscriber's spontaneous (self-initiative);
2. the MS on the called network signaling is spontaneous;
3. spontaneous by the MS on the network signal of transmission switching command, below will do brief description to switching;
4. for example add in specific function, under the situation of authentication etc., do not have the MS of user and network operation spontaneous, below this is not described.
After above-mentioned access is that network is set up handshake phase when setting up the connection of dedicated channel, encrypts with definition in the RR connection.Encryption method adopts the cryptographic algorithm A5 (encryption method) that describes in GSM03.20.According to this method, carry out addition by the key (mode according to sub-clause 4.3 defineds is determined) that by bit customer traffic and use is called " encryption key " by the encrypted bitstream that algorithm A5 generates, layer 1 data flow that obtains on DCCH or TCH, to transmit.For accurate synchronization, algorithm A5 need know System Frame Number TDMA FRAME NUMBER.Decryption method (decryption method) is used the identical encryption method stage to received signal, but adopts opposite order.
Owing to the objective of the invention is handover and carry on an agreement, therefore the switch application with background technology is an example, only front the 3rd in some is studied.
Fig. 7 is illustrated in and completes successfully the message sequence chart under the switch instances between asynchronous BSC in the gsm system.In the figure, for for purpose of brevity, all agreement phase relevant have been ignored with the protocol entity that is referred to as " network ".This can't influence explanation, can oneself finish the abridged part because be familiar with those skilled in the art of the relevant GSM of switching standard.If deletion MS receives the stage of so-called physical message, this figure can also illustrate synchronous switching.With reference to Fig. 7, this process is as follows:
Depend on and switch and transfer point is initiated the agreement phase of reason in case finish major part, network just is ready for sending the message that comprises all switching information needed to new BSC, thereby provides new channel for switching.When new BSC work as implied above, it sends switching command by MSC, and wherein the channel and the mobile unit that are distributed of indication places all required on new channel information at first, even with regularly and be not perfect mode aspect the power level.This order is used relevant FACCH channel by still keeping the old BSC that is connected to send to mobile unit with mobile unit for this reason.The switching command content comprises: the BSIC of new sub-district, and switching type (synchronous or asynchronous), frequency that adopt and number of time slot and transmitting power surely not comprise Timing Advance and the frame number that only just can know after synchronously.
The old channel of mobile unit temporary adandonment, and switch to the new TCH channel of new sub-district, wherein, its sends to switch and inserts message and insert.This message is 8 bit long, and the channel request message as the mobile unit of linking the sub-district sends on the RACH channel still comprises different contents; For example, it comprises " switching benchmark " field.Switch access message and channel request message and encode in short burst then and aerial transmission, length is 88 bits.
Switch access message and on special-purpose TCH channel, repeat repeatedly, show that up to receiving full burst this information is received by mobile unit.
Mobile unit receives the physical message that is sent by new BTS, inserts message to reply to switch on the FACCH channel, and finishes to switch the transmission that inserts.Physical message comprises that mobile unit is at happen suddenly the subsequently lead (Timing Advance) of institute's foundation of new channel.In this stage, mobile unit oneself can carry out on frame perfectly synchronously with new BTS, and adjusts delivery time.Old encryption key remains unchanged.
Mobile unit sends handoff completion message to new BTS on the FACCH channel, new then BSC and old BSC communicate, and allows it discharge old Traffic Channel and relevant signaling.
Fig. 8 illustrates the process that has schematically illustrated failure switching (synchronous or asynchronous) with the form of shaking hands.In fact, if after receiving switching command message, mobile unit can not receive physical message from new BTS in the prediction time, and it switches on the old channel of old sub-district, and sends switch failure information, starts the process that rebulids of calling out.
Laying particular emphasis on the gsm system technical characterstic that compares with the present invention in this end describes.The content that enters on now is, with respect to some shortcomings of general CDMA technology; Need adopt the peculiar aspect of general CDMA technology with the different solutions of gsm system; What others, emphasis were mentioned is to describe different characteristics with execution mode, and they are just done simple the observation.This emphasis mention aspect as follows:
Channel separation is the GSM FDMA-TDMA technology of 200kHz, unless seek help from multi-slot structure different with standard architecture and the specific planning of needs, bit rate with the restriction unique user: data are 9.6k bps, and voice are 13k bps, and these values are not suitable for the needs that broadband services is provided to the user in the future.
In GSM, specific shared access technology and relative low bit frequency are not provided with strict synchronous restriction.Can consider to adopt quite slow mechanism when therefore, keeping synchronous in research and under idle pulley and dedicated mode.Be actually synchronously that FCCH and SCH signal copy finish by sending in the down link multiframe with about 45.6 milliseconds interval by BTS.Under dedicated mode, keep can considering synchronously to adopt and on the SACCH channel, sending the Timing Advance correction parameter of mobile unit with about twice interval of per second by BTS.These synchronization mechanisms are not suitable for the 3G system (for example: TD-SCDMA or TDDUTRAM (UMTS grounding wireless access network network)) of TDD type, it is characterized in that much higher bit rate and very strict with because the restriction of the too loose interference that produces synchronously.This is because access technology is considered the user of a plurality of co-located, thereby the step-out between them can produce the phase mutual interference.
The access mechanism at random of network is different from synchronization mechanism (before this stage and during this stage among the GSM, basically all be down link), therefore do not require and insert uplink synchronisation simultaneously, in fact, use as previously mentioned the short time misalignment that happens suddenly between two stations that allow to recover mutual in up link connects.Owing to lack the description of 3G system, now said is not too clear, but it is very important continuing this theme, because it relates to the application's goal of the invention.The theme that is proposed is the setting of coming from two different layers 1 between the mobile system more, rather than comes from the angle of advantage or shortcoming.Compare with GSM, in the 3G system, the difference of physical channel is arranged on the other collision problem of generation between the random network access periods, also can have problems for asynchronous switching, and these problems can not take place in GSM.
During the full duplex FDD type that realizes in GSM inserted, the up link multiframe was identical with the down link multiframe, thereby the mandatory Traffic Channel number that exists is controlled at two symmetric relations in the transmission direction with relevant.This setting is not best for the highly unbalanced situation of managing business, for example with being connected of internet in, the path of more uses is undoubtedly downlink path.
The physical resource relevant with the GSM channel be fix and can not revise, therefore, can not dynamically change channel capacity and come variation in the face of business or message demand.
CDMA technology is the optimization technique of third generation system, and exactly because its GSM shortcoming that can avoid the front emphasis to mention, particularly those are owing to low bit rate, have the needs of accurate frequency planning and can not efficiently manage asymmetric traffic the shortcoming that is produced.As described in preface, the different company of this industry is developing third generation system, and immediate objective is that agreement mutually produces a large amount of UMTS general specifications of describing in detail, as the situation of past GSM in unique European environment.At present, for cdma system, what moving is the IS-95 standard, adopts 64 coded orthogonal sequences that are also referred to as Walsh (Walsh) function.In addition, adopt pseudo noise (PN) sequence, for example " long code " is used for user ID, and is used for Base Station Identification by the pilot frequency sequence PN of base station transmits.For pilot channel adopts Walsh 0 function.Remaining 63 walsh codes is used for synchronizing channel (synchronizing channel), calls out (paging channel) and conversation (Traffic Channel).Encrypt with walsh code with the information content of data mode carry out band spectrum modulation then before, carry out content by chnnel coding, interleaver and long code and divide.The data speed scope of encoder input is 1200 to 9600 bps.All channels of cdma base station form so-called " forward link ", in fact are exactly the signal to the mobile unit emission.In the opposite direction, the signal launched of mobile unit (is different from the signal that launch the base station aspect the biasing-QPSK) at chnnel coding and employed modulation type.The pilot frequency sequence PN that is arranged in the receiver of mobile unit carries out being used for again modulating data is carried out band spectrum modulation synchronously with base station pilot signals.Another feature of distinguishing the mobile unit signal is that mobile unit is not launched any pilot signal.Can between base station and all movable mobile units, adopt the launching electrical level closed-loop control, to compensate the attenuation change that causes owing to different distance and channel fading from antenna.By this control, can adjust the transmitting power of all mobile units, thereby make the input signal strength of base station receiver have approximately identical level.
According to this standard, in pure CDMA technology, all Channel Sharing whole frequency band just, are not sought help from other multiple access technology in addition.This also is applied to full duplex, and the signal that signal of launching for the base station and mobile unit are launched adopts different modulation types and different chnnel codings (certainly, keeping using identical walsh function).Quite obvious, the system of IS-95 defined also far is not really UMTS third generation system.In fact, it can not satisfy the possibility of asymmetric traffic on the bit rate of desired main demand, particularly individual channel, two paths and the possibility that dynamically changes spreading factor.And the full-duplex method that is adopted can cause the cross-talk (cross-talk) between different channels not in classical FDMA and TDMA scheme scope.For mobile unit synchronously, suppose the known PLL mechanism of using, emission pilot signal PN proofreaies and correct the frequency of oscillation of mobile unit and the phase place of emission bit because there is not the frame of hierarchy, calibration burst and frame there is no need.And the applicant thinks, this standard do not have definition relevant in fact can with all challenges of framework, signaling and the actual realization of the UMTS system of current GSM competition, it is compared with GSM, the status of GSM is still unshakable.For this system that adopts the IS-95 standard, can following such conclusion: this particular system, though adopt CDMA technology, do not provide any how advanced content to come to third generation system evolved than gsm system itself.In this case, it can not allow manufacturer reach new industrywide standard.
Following emphasis is given in some problems that occur in the design third generation system, can influence design alternative to their answer:
A) first problem is relevant with reception technique.TDD type mobile communication system, as system involved in the present invention, the receiving course of the interference of adopting elimination or reducing at least greatly useful signal of interest is produced, this interference are to be caused by the signal that other users that share (sign indicating number divides) identical time slot launch.For example, for the reception technique known to the those skilled in the art is called joint-detection: when the information of user x is decoded, also the information of co-located user y and z is decoded, deducting the latter's signal from received signal, thus the interference-free influence of the signal of user x.Yet the signal that these reception techniques require to transmit in identical time slot has identical form.This can not mix universal class type and short type burst in identical time slot.Now, consider to switch inserting message and send on the time slot of sharing with other user, adopt associated detection technique, message is made as and is used for carrying data or the different form of signaling under dedicated mode, is impossible.Therefore produce a problem that is associated with outburst type, thereby be reflected on access and the simultaneous techniques.
B) second is with respect to GSM, how to change to make mobile unit at the synchronous device of radio frames, because they will be inadequate under new environment.
C) thirdly be how to adopt new synchronizer in agreement phase, the radio frames of the neighbor cell under prediction mobile unit access service sub-district or the switch instances.
D) the 4th is how to share the logic channel that comprises system information in multiframe, if particularly relate to and the signaling that the is allowed compatible synchronous mutually of delaying time.
E) the 5th is as the received signal of how correct power level acquisition from a plurality of travelling carriages.
For specified point d), it must be noted that, in cdma system, must be different from the structure of the synchronization burst that in the SCH of GSM channel, transmits to the ad hoc structure of the synchronization burst of all mobile unit broadcasting by the base station, good cause is arranged, referring to for example standard IS-95.Required in cdma system is pilot signal, this is to resemble the light of spotlight to the mobile unit pure synchronizing sequence of emission continuously, frequency and phase place with the individual bit (chip) that is used to correct the signal that generates by mobile unit, and be used to recover the frame synchronization with Reference BTS, as known application actual the generation.Suggestion is not added to pilot signal with the out of Memory field, and its reason is as follows:
Cdma system, the candidate of UMTS should keep maximum general characteristics, to help standardisation process in the pilot signal function;
Extra field will strengthen synchronization delay;
The field of the involved variable data of frame synchronization meeting is upset, for example the frame number FN in the tdma system; In fact, in cdma system, because low-down channeling (even location), pilot signal operates in the wireless environment that highly disturbs.Therefore, described signal should have extraordinary cross-correlation and autocorrelation performance, thereby travelling carriage is easily decoded under this environment;
The shared wideer time slot that happens suddenly will reduce the useful load resource in the TDD application (time division duplex);
Pilot signal is associated with the sub-district, and mobile unit can be it as cell identifier (referring to standard IS-95), and this affirmation will be more expensive owing to extra field, and more unreliable.
In general, pilot signal is modulated (we will see the back), to upload transmission information at CTCH Common Traffic Channel; Modulation necessarily relates to a kind of fixed mode, adds extra field and can not keep this pattern.
As mentioned above, can draw, in CDMA uses, downlink pilot only partly replaces FCCH and the SCH channel of GSM, and lack BSIC and SFN (System Frame Number, System Frame Number) information field is called the station identifier and the System Frame Number (hyperframe) of transmitting synchronous burst wherein respectively.For the BSIC field, its not lacking in downlink pilot, can bring special problem, because downlink pilot itself is exactly a station identifier, and for frame number SFN, spontaneous selection is an information unit in the different information units that it is considered as comprising in the system message by the broadcasting of BCCH control channel.Yet, by SCH Channel Transmission SFN parameter, rather than broadcast with the BCCH parameter, there is difference between the two.The SCH kind of message is transmitted in unique full burst, therefore, obtaining of it is occurred in a radio frames in the time.In GSM, the FCCH channel for discerning by travelling carriage before the SCH channel, so MS knows and receives the SCH signal when, thus obtain the SFN parameter.BCCH message is transmitted in a plurality of frames (being typically 4), therefore, obtains the longer time of cost.Even pilot signal allows to know when common signaling channel begins in cdma system, what can not determine to be transmitted is exactly information of interest (for example, it also can comprise paging).Therefore, it is not suitable for during the handoff procedure, and travelling carriage has to the BCCH channel of Target cell is decoded, to recover the SFN parameter.These considerations are not suitable for the mobile unit under the idle pulley, and under this pattern, requirement is read and obtained BCCH message, thereby knows the attribute of system and selected sub-district, therefore, under this environment, reads the SFN parameter and can not bring any extra delay.
In the UMTS system that adopts CDMA technology, the most urgent system requirements are real-time resource-sharings of optimizing between useful load and the signaling.This required in a different manner information to be sent to travelling carriage according to free time or single user state.Under dedicated mode, in fact the signaling information major part relates to the very fast operation of execution, for example power control and maintenance synchronously, and keep having more generally function synchronously, and be that whole connection session is prepared.Therefore, the control information under the dedicated mode is compared with the control information under operating in broadcast mode, must have higher dynamic.This occurs among the GSM, and it must appear at wherein more continually, and real-time requirement more importantly adopts in the system of CDMA technology.In other words, the problem that the reposition of frame number SFN caused when the separate processes that lacks device provided by the present invention will occur owing to handover, the execution that the acquisition time of new cell SFN value that Here it is because it is impatient at causes postpones.In more detail, the knowledge of system frame number SFN works in all processes of prediction mobile unit access network, and for example mobile unit caller, mobile unit is called and switch.It is used for finishing synchronously, can carry out Code And Decode to information under the synchronous mode between two mutual stations, and the encrypt/decrypt on the beginning dedicated channel.As mentioned above, mobile unit obtains the SFN value owing to the BCCH channel that reads Serving cell requires certain initial time delay.Keep between sync period for whole mobile unit and network then, described knowledge remains unchanged, and refreshes when newly reading the BCCH channel any.This means, just begin to be affected, just no longer include the latency issue that causes owing to the SFN in the Serving cell when carrying out relevant process later on.Unfortunately, handover is not within this scope, because mobile unit is abandoned this Serving cell, and appear at neighbor cell, and it does not know the SFN value (if Serving cell is even for all nonsynchronous Target cell of frame number, yet being the same) of neighbor cell under situation about switching synchronously.The accurate operation that switching is during conversing with regard to himself character to be done.Therefore, it must finish fast, does not produce noise to the user, and handles switching down and do not make system overload at the very large environment of density (city Microcell).Third generation system designer has two kinds of possible schemes to this: accept owing to switching the decreased performance that causes at a slow speed, perhaps increase the physical channel density of supporting the BCCH logic channel, therefore reduce the useful load resource with fixing with mode independently.
Goal of the invention
Therefore, scope of the present invention is that a kind of process of switching of handling in UMTS system (employing CDMA technology) is shown, and keep high hand-off process speed under the situation that does not reduce the useful load resource, and the front related content of discussion is not accomplished this point.
Summary of the invention
Main scope of the present invention is a kind of method of handling synchronous handover in the 3G (Third Generation) Moblie network, in according to the method for in third generation mobile communication system, carrying out synchronous handover of the present invention, this third generation mobile communication system is made up of the sub-district that comprises base transceiver station BTS, wherein, base transceiver station BTS sends by at least one transmission and communicates by letter with mobile unit UE with the reception-transmission carrier wave of received signal, the base band bit sequence that is generated is called burst, be included in the adjacent time-slots that belongs to sequence frame, this sequence frame repeats in multistage hyperframe erratically, and each bit sequence has the associated code that is used for code division multiplexing on common carrier; Described transmitting and receive signals to less comprises: by the pilot frequency sequence DwPTS of base station to the mobile unit transmission; By the signal that voice or transfer of data produce, after the base band bit sequence being carried out encrypt/decrypt, support by two-way or uni-directional wireless Traffic Channel TCH by the algorithm that needs the System Frame Number in the frame hierarchy; The signaling relevant with described Traffic Channel after by described algorithm the base band bit sequence being carried out encrypt/decrypt, supported by two-way Dedicated Control Channel DCCH, FACCH, SACCH; The method comprising the steps of: base station side BTSC, be also referred to as network side and send handoff command, be switching command to the mobile unit UE by the service of old sub-district, below Serving cell and the channel of " old " definition before switching, and " newly " represents switching target small area and channel; This order sends on old Dedicated Control Channel DCCH, and comprises following message unit at least: switch benchmark, about the system information of new sub-district, new business channel TCH and the structure of relevant signaling FACCH, SACCH; Mobile unit side receives handoff command, be switching command and carry out following operation: the old connection of releasing operation different agreement layer, interrupt the wireless connections of old sub-district, time and power are synchronous, be transformed into wireless channel TCH, the FACCH, the SACCH that in new sub-district, distribute, for described wireless channel is set up the new LAPDm of connection and with its activation, is set up the data connection; Mobile unit side sends the switching that comprises described switching benchmark to network and inserts message, promptly switches access in new sub-district, this information sends on new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH; It also is included in carries out following operating procedure in the new sub-district: network side sends message to mobile unit, comprising relevant by System Frame Number in the frame hierarchy of the carrier wave support of in new sub-district, using, be the information of frame number, this message sends on described new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH; The reception of mobile unit side comprises System Frame Number, is the message of frame number information, uses the current frame number of this information acquisition, in the encryption/decryption algorithm that is included in new business channel TCH and relevant the above bit sequence of signaling DCCH; Mobile unit side sends the frame corresponding to described new business channel TCH or relevant signaling of encoding and encrypting through suitably; Mobile unit side sends on described new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH by what network used and finishes switching command, promptly switches and finish, to indicate the connection of the old sub-district of last release.
Another object of the present invention is a kind of method of handling asynchronous switching in the 3G (Third Generation) Moblie network, be used for carrying out in the method for asynchronous handover at this at third generation mobile communication system, this third generation mobile communication system is made up of the sub-district that comprises base transceiver station BTS, wherein, base transceiver station BTS sends by at least one transmission and communicates by letter with mobile unit UE with the reception-transmission carrier wave of received signal, the base band bit sequence that is produced is called burst, be included in the adjacent time-slots that belongs to sequence frame, this sequence frame repeats in multistage hyperframe erratically, and each bit sequence has the associated code that is used for code division multiplexing on common carrier; Described transmitting and receive signals to less comprises: by the pilot frequency sequence DwPTS of base station to the mobile unit transmission; By the signal that voice or transfer of data produce, after the base band bit sequence being carried out encrypt/decrypt, support by two-way or uni-directional wireless Traffic Channel TCH by the algorithm that needs the System Frame Number in the frame hierarchy; The signaling relevant with described Traffic Channel after by described algorithm the base band bit sequence being carried out encrypt/decrypt, supported by two-way Dedicated Control Channel DCCH, FACCH, SACCH; Identifier SYNC1, be also referred to as signature sequence, on the network insertion channel UpPTS that shares by a plurality of mobile units, be transferred to described base station by mobile unit, comprise the steps: base station side BTSC, be also referred to as network side and send handoff command, be switching command to mobile unit UE by the service of old sub-district, below Serving cell and the channel of " old " definition before switching, and " newly " represents switching target small area and channel; This order sends on old Dedicated Control Channel DCCH, and comprises the following message unit at least: switch benchmark, relevant system information of subdistricts newly, about the information of new business channel TCH and the structure of relevant signaling FACCH, SACCH; Mobile unit side receives handoff command, be switching command and carry out following operation: the old connection of releasing operation different agreement layer, interrupt old sub-district wireless connections, be transformed into the wireless channel TCH, the FACCH that distribute in the new sub-district, SACCH, for described wireless channel set up the new LAPDm of connection and with its activation, set up data and connect; It also is included in the new sub-district carries out following operating procedure: mobile unit side sends signature sequence collection available in new sub-district, is the signature sequence SYNC1 that selects at random the UpPTS group number, and before this mobile unit inserts dedicated channel DCCH, on the Common Control Channel P-FACH of its command transmitting, wait for network answer message, be physical message; Mobile unit side receive network to the answer message of the signature sequence SYNC1 of transmission, be physical message, this message comprise the signature sequence SYNC1 of transmission at least and be used for synchronizing signal, promptly by the dependent body of mobile unit in the order that is right after timing that the stage of the included switching of active procedure after inserting send and power level; Network side sends the switching that comprises described switching benchmark and inserts message, promptly switches access, and this message is sending on new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH; Network side sends message to mobile unit, comprise relevant by the System Frame Number in the frame hierarchy of the carrier wave support of in new sub-district, using, be frame number information, this message sends on described new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH; The reception of mobile unit side comprises System Frame Number, is the message of frame number information, uses the current frame number of this information acquisition, in the encryption/decryption algorithm that is included in new business channel TCH and relevant the above bit sequence of signaling DCCH; Mobile unit side send through suitable coding and encrypt with described new business channel TCH or the corresponding frame of relevant signaling; Mobile unit side sends on described new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH by what network used and finishes switching command, promptly switches and finish, to indicate the connection of the old sub-district of last release.
These two processes all have original creation technical characterstic of the present invention, are used for the specific messages of transmission system frame number corresponding to establishment.
The invention advantage
The method according to this invention adopts a kind of like this ability of the mobile system of CDMA technology: carry out keeping high hand-off process speed under the too slow environment of reading speed at the synchronous required System Frame Number that allows the time (200 milliseconds) to compare on the new channel of new sub-district with maximum.It must be noted that in addition it is too complicated for MS to decode by the BCCH channel of neighbor cell.The present invention eliminates the bottleneck problem that produces owing to the field that lacks the SFN information unit of depositing new sub-district in downlink pilot signal.This task relates to directly and uses immediately the new cell base station of the inherent knowledge of the described information unit that it necessarily has.Obtain above-mentioned advantage and can not sacrifice useful load, and continue to keep the position of SFN field in the BCCH channel, to be used for not producing other access procedure of handoff technique problem.
According to the applicant's viewpoint and above-mentioned reason, new handover agreement adopts the particular message that is exclusively used in transmission SFN field, expression and GSM and the general different intention of background technology.For above-mentioned reasons and the invention " especially " protocol message relative fully with common observed process in GSM, in GSM, system message field (as the SFN field in the new environment) belongs to broadcast, does not transmit under dedicated mode.
Description of drawings
In conjunction with the drawings a preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the block diagram of GSM or DCS type mobile system;
Fig. 2 illustrates the scene block diagram that comprises gsm system and 3G mobile system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates the signal sequence frame hierarchy of the interface wireless Um of the GSM mobile system that is transferred to Fig. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 illustrates the logic channel structure of being supported by the sequence frames hierarchy of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 illustrates two possibility structures of the interior Fig. 4 logic channel of sequence frames hierarchy of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 illustrates the agreement block diagram with many levels of two mobile radio system operations of control chart 2;
Fig. 7 illustrates and is subject to the protocol-dependent message sequence chart of handover of carrying out message on the wave point Um of the GSM of Fig. 1 mobile system;
Fig. 8 illustrates the relevant message sequence chart of handshake phase under the failed handoff scenario with Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 illustrates the signal sequence frame hierarchy that is transferred to the wave point Uu that comprises mobile system of the present invention;
Figure 10 a, 10b, 10c illustrate the basic frame of some possibilities that belongs to Fig. 9 hierarchy;
Figure 10 d illustrates the DwPTS burst structure in the basic frame that is included in Figure 10 a;
Figure 10 e illustrates the UpPTS burst structure in the basic frame that is included in Figure 10 a;
Figure 10 f illustrate burst Ts0 in the basic frame that is included in Figure 10 a ... the general structure of Ts6;
Figure 10 g illustrate burst Ts0 in the basic frame that is included in Figure 10 a ... the Ts6 practical structures;
Figure 11 is illustrated in different DwPTS (Figure 10 d) that being used between different districts of adopting in the 3G mobile system share and the standard of scrambler group and mid-group (Figure 10 f, 10g);
Figure 12 illustrates the table of finishing Figure 11 standard by the UpPTS that shares Figure 10 e;
Figure 13 illustrates the logic channel structure of being supported by the sequence frames hierarchy of Fig. 9;
The part that Figure 14 illustrates Fig. 3 and Fig. 9 sequence frames is represented and their comparison;
Figure 15 illustrates the physics relevant with the basic frame of Figure 10 a and the expression of logic channel;
Figure 16 illustrates and uses the protocol-dependent message sequence chart of internal system handover of the wave point Uu of 3G mobile system of the present invention;
Appendix A PP1 is illustrated in the Table A that the general utility functions of the layer 2 protocol that uses in the GSM of Fig. 2 and the 3G mobile system are described, and to layer 3 protocol-dependent similar table B; And
Appendix A PP2 illustrates the table 1 of some physics of the wave point Uu that specify to use 3G mobile system of the present invention and functional characteristic to 9.
Preferred implementation
Fig. 9 (figure of front had done explanation) illustrates 7 time intervals in the basic frame of 3G or the sequential organization of time slot and other three special time slots (back will be described), the repetition erratically of this basic frame for one in those general carrier waves of being used for the sub-district (owing to adopt the broadband, on number much smaller than employed general carrier wave in GSM).The basic frame of Fig. 9 comprise m time slot UL#0 from mobile unit MS ..., UL#m (up link) and from n the time slot DL#n of BTSC (Fig. 2) ..., DL#0 (down link), that realizes in the 3G system is TDD type full duplex.Comprise that the set of carrier wave and use time slot and spreading code forms the physical channel of Uu interface, is used for supporting channel characteristics information from logical perspective.Sequence frames is organized with the many levels of observing by all carrier waves that use in the 3G system.By the frame of the carrier transmission phase mutually synchronization of BTS transmission, therefore simplify between neighbor cell synchronously.The present invention is not provided with restriction, carrying out general frame synchronization between all sub-districts that difference is trooped is easily, this embodies the characteristics as the 3G system of TD-SCDMA (Time Division Synchronous Code Division MultipleAccess, TD SDMA) system.In other words; look up from the below of this figure; can see that the basic frame of 3G comprises n+m=7 useful time slot; wherein the duration of each time slot is 0.675 millisecond; and three special time slots; be followed successively by the DwPTS time slot (DownlinkPilot Time Slot, down link pilot timeslot) of 75 microseconds, the guard time GP of 75 microseconds and the UpPTS time slot (Uplink Pilot Time Slot, uplink pilot time slot) of 125 microseconds.Total duration of basic frame is 5 milliseconds.24 basic frames of 3G form one 120 milliseconds professional multiframe.48 basic frames of 3G form one 240 milliseconds control multiframe.24 * 48=1152 the basic frame of 3G forms a 3G superframe of 5.76 seconds.These 1152 frames can be from 48 traffic frames or 24 control frames.2048 3G superframes form one and comprise that 2,359,296 3G frames, total duration are 3 hours 16 minutes 36 seconds 3G hyperframe.The GSM that relatively illustrates of Fig. 3 and Fig. 9 adopts and the quite approaching value of different time-division order with the 3G system.Shown hierarchy is not bound, and for example, the signaling chance that is used for two of Fig. 2 continuously basic frames are thought of as two subframes of the new frame with twice duration is possible, and wherein this new frame belongs to the multiframe that total duration is 72 new frames of 720 milliseconds.In the basic frame of 3G, protection period GP is used for avoiding the interference between up link and the downlink transmission, and absorbs the propagation delay between travelling carriage and base station when travelling carriage sends first signal on the UpPTS channel; And expression DL/UL transfer point.
Being in close proximity to before the protection period GP is special DwPTS time slot, after the protection period GP is the UpPTS time slot and be in close proximity to, and they all comprise the synchronization burst of not using spreading code, and their function back will be described.Remaining time slot comprises the burst with same structure application spreading code, and is used for business or signaling.Figure 10 a, 10b and 10c illustrate the different structure of the basic frame of 3G, and the structure of preceding two figure has more symmetry than the 3rd figure.Figure 10 a illustrates the basic frame of the Fig. 9 that is in the different time position in the multiframe; particularly begin with UpPTS; and then three uplink time slot Ts0, Ts1 and Ts2 are four downlink time slots Ts3, Ts4, Ts5 and Ts6 then, are DwPTS and guard time GP at last.Between time slot Ts2 and Ts3, there is transfer point UL/DL (different) with the front.Figure 10 b is illustrated in the complete symmetric case of three useful time slots on the both direction and is used for the down link Td6 time slot of signaling, and Figure 10 c illustrates the asymmetric situation with two uplink time slots and four downlink time slots that is more suitable in the internet connection.In Figure 10 a, the duration of different useful time slots is represented by the measuring unit that is called chip, the chip duration is 0.78125 microsecond, equals to be used in useful time slot to carry out according to CDMA technology the inverse of spreading rate (=1.28M chips/sec) of public frequency correspondence of N sequence code collection of spread spectrum.Figure 10 d illustrates down link pilot timeslot DwPTS and comprises 32 chip protection period GP and 64 chip SYNC sequences subsequently.Figure 10 e illustrates uplink pilot time slot UpPTS and comprises 128 chip SYNC1 sequences and 32 chip protection period GP subsequently; and last Figure 10 f illustrate useful time slot Ts0 ..., the public structure of Ts6 comprises two data fields with identical 352 chip lengths; it is mid-before with afterwards to lay respectively at 144 chips; and finish with 16 chip protection period GP, altogether 864 chips.
With the sequence code of preset number in two fields shown in Figure 10 f each modulated, in the spread spectrum frequency band, to generate the wireless channel of similar number, these channels occupy whole frequency band separately, and the so-called Resource Unit RU (Resource Unit, Resource Unit) that is used for professional and signaling of expression similar number; The mid-training sequence that is used by BTS base station and mobile unit that comprises on next door, the impulse response with the wireless channel number estimating to be generated is used for the purpose that the back will be mentioned.
Cardinal process with reference to Figure 10 f is sent out, relational expression: T below using
s k=Q
k* T
c, Q wherein
kBe spreading factor SF (spreading factor), from 1,2,4,8 and 16, freely select, corresponding to the described number N of sign indicating number sequence; T
sBe the duration of transmission symbol, and T
cIt is the fixedly duration of chip.From this relational expression as can be seen, increase the duration that spreading factor also can increase transmission symbol, in other words, send out the physical channel that links to each other with cardinal process and increase, but the transmission speed that is allowed on the channel descends.
In appendix A PP2, provide two tables of summarizing above-mentioned notion.Table 1 illustrates the number of symbols that can obtain from each data field that the cardinal process of Figure 10 f is sent out for the different spreading factor SF of CDMA modulation sequence.Table 2 illustrates for different RU
SF1...16The approximate data transmission speed.From the information that provided as can be seen, in the frame of Figure 10 a, adopt and equal 16 vague generalization spreading factor, in 7 useful time slots each all carried 54 symbols, adds that 10 UpPTS symbols, 6 DwPTS symbols, 6 GP cycles are equal to symbol, altogether 400 symbols.
Before the use of describing physical channel, beginning to provide physical channel characteristics information from wireless angle from radio spectrum is worth.The frequency range that is used for the 3G system can be distributed about 2GHz, and can have variable-width with situation according to frequency spectrum.More particularly, Free Region is currently included between 1785 to 2220MHz, width range is in 15 to 60MHz the discontinuous frequency range, and therefore, it is possible that the professional business coexistence that provides with other system of 3G is provided.The table 3 of appendix A PP2 illustrates the main modulation parameter of Figure 10 f burst.The frequency expansion sequence that data (symbol) are modulated is the sequence that is called Walsh (n) function.For the spreading factor SF that is distributed, it is possible selecting different Walsh (fertile assorted) function S F, and these SF all keep quadrature, and have the possibility of freely distributing to mobile unit in identical time slot.In the burst of Figure 10 f, 16 maximum possible users that share time slot also can identify at the mid-level of not using spreading code.For this reason, by with the multiple of minimum phase shift width to the phase shift that circulates of basic cycle sequence code, (use known method) obtains 16 different editions of same mid-maximum, verified is useful.Last important operation that also will consider is scrambling, just, each sequence units that will obtain by the spread spectrum process with represent the scramble sequence (mixing) of sub-district to multiply each other.Scrambling gives applied sequence pseudo noise feature.Spread spectrum → scrambling operation can liken to uses the spreading code with sub-district feature.Distribute to the spread spectrum of RU and the knowledge of scrambler particular combinations and make it possible to signal is transferred to wave point Uu, and received signal is carried out descrambling and despreading reverse operating with the reconstruct primary signal.Similarly method is applicable to mid-.
Figure 11 illustrates the SYNC sequence, scrambler of the share standard of following entity between 3G system different districts: DwPTS burst, the SYNC1 sequence (being also referred to as signature) of mid-and UpPTS burst.With reference to Figure 11, can see that table is divided into 32 row, every row is assigned the SYNC sign indicating number of similar number, be expressed as respectively DwPTS1 ..., DwPTS32.Suppose it is the situation of each carrier wave in sub-district, the group of 32 SYNC sign indicating numbers is also represented 32 sub-districts, otherwise, the sub-district of its expression lesser number; Last standard can be used for predicting with the 3G system or when needing to increase the identical DwPTS pilot tone of one carrier number during it is trooped.The scrambler group that comprises 4 scramblers is corresponding with each DwPTSn, and 32 groups and 128 sign indicating numbers altogether distribute with as shown in the figure order numerical order.4 mid-groups are corresponding one by one with 32 scrambler groups respectively, and 32 groups and 128 are mid-altogether, distribute with the numerical order identical with scrambler.From 4 mid-, only select one of them, its SF of obtaining by the SF time shift (maximum 16) is provided when needing version as mentioned above.
Figure 12 illustrates the share standard of signature sequence SYNC1 in 3G system different districts, and wherein each is corresponding to the content of uplink pilot time slot UpPTS.Can see that from the table of this figure the table of this table and front Figure 11 has capable corresponding relation, in fact, also be in this case, and every line display is by the carrier wave (sub-district) of its oneself DwPTS pilot tone sign, 32 altogether.The group of 8 different SYNC1 sequences is corresponding with each downlink pilot DwPTS, and 256 SYNC1 sequences are distributed according to the numerical order among the figure altogether.Can see, mobile unit select at random with corresponding 8 the SYNC1 sequences of pilot signal DwPTS in one, with by sub-district access network by specific pilot signal sign.The caption of this figure provides the length of different units in two tables.
The different time-gap of the basic frame shown in Figure 10 a more or less all carries out wave beam forming (beamforming) (yes in single BTSC) by resident smart antenna.The time slot that carries out wave beam forming be used for BTSC the plural wave beam forming constant collection that transmits and receives time slot and carry out space or spatio-temporal filtering be associated.
The entity of introducing at present, just: distribute to structure, scrambler, the mid-and relevant time shift of frequency range, carrier frequency and their distribution, basic frame structure and frame hierarchy, pilot time slot DwPTS, UpPTS and useful time slots between different districts of system, numeral and spreading code, wave beam forming constant, and the out of Memory that will be briefly described the formation of physics and logic channel etc., form 3G system framework by designer's conception.This information generally shows the feature of protocol layer 1, and all or part of relating to distributed to the semipermanent data that are distributed in interior different B SCC of manor scope and BTSC office.The mobile unit of carrying out roaming or being in idle condition is always through linking it the adition process of " lane place ", particularly sub-district, and wherein, it must know semipermanent data (frequency, DwPTS, mid-substantially, scrambler, UpPTS group).Suitable system message is finished this purpose, it combines with subsequently " distributions " message then, divides to match the residue unit (mid-offset code, spreading factor and spreading code, wave beam forming parameter, transmitting power and Timing Advance) that the channel of distributing to the connection that relates to wave point Uu under temporary mode carries out more accurate configuration.
Consider DwPTS, UpPTS and the mid-unit importance in the 3G system, the back will be described in more detail them.Pilot tone DwPTS is transmitted by general BTSC station, does not carry out wave beam forming, perhaps carries out the sector beam figuration, and makes mobile unit can carry out the cell selecting process when start.For this reason, mobile unit is at its volatile storage SIM (Subscriber Identity Module, subscriber identification module) stores all frequencies and the corresponding pilot tone DwPTS that are used for the 3G system in, thereby can begin simultaneous downlink scanning, with the DwPTS pilot tone of determining to receive with peak power, self being added related cell, and continue to read broadcast system information.Therefore mobile unit knows the mid-substantially and relevant scrambler that is used for the sub-district.Distinguish the digital filter that the DwPTS pilot tone need use its coefficient coding and the SYNC sequence of checking at any time to be coupled.Between sync period, the frequency tracking algorithm that allows to eliminate frequency offset from received signal can enliven.For for purpose of brevity, it is starting position and the stagger cycle that the synchronously aerial of adjacent base station and indication mobile unit therefrom obtain the public control primary channel (CCPCH) of broadcast system information in this other function relevant of making brief summary with downlink pilot DwPTS task.This back function can adopt different technologies known to those skilled in the art to obtain.
On the other hand, uplink pilot UpPTS is begun to start by mobile unit in the adition process (position renewal) of cell selecting after the stage, is the first time and the additional random network insertion stage in cell reselection procedure and asynchronous switching then.Mobile unit selects one to be used for the up link transmission from 8 SYNC1 sequences at random, and begins it is sent.8 sequences of one group are mutually orthogonal, thereby they can be simultaneously sent by the mobile unit of similar number, and can be distinguished by base station BTS C, and do not produce interference.Be applied to all 256 SYNC1 sequences as mentioned above.Confirm the BTSC station measurement correlation delay of SYNC1 sequence and the power level that is received, and use suitable physical channel P-FACH (will be described below) in single burst, to send access and regularly adjust message (regularly adjusting), to limit the single frames time delay to mobile unit.Mobile unit uses the value through adjusting to send next message.Response SYNC1 sequence, the power of beginning is controlled and is reduced by the total interference on the channel of network allocation synchronously.Mobile unit stops to send pilot tone UpPTS when receiving from network when sending the adjustment response of SYNC1 sequence.After the assigned with dedicated channel, by using the mid-synchronous and correct transmitting power that keeps.
One mid-substantially can in a sub-district, generate maximum 16 different mid-, specify by the coding time shift value of similar number, this different editions with the burst that can coexist in a time slot owing to maximum spread spectrum value SF is identical.Mid-data with the place burst are the same passes through identical wave beam forming and adopts identical data transmission power.Specifying mid-code is the training sequence code that is used to estimate associated wireless channel impulse response.As follows with the mid-function that is associated:
-estimation wireless channel.It is carried out to received signal by mobile unit and BTSC: because the BTSC station receives same mid-a plurality of phase-shifted version in the time slot, so it can advantageously adopt known combined estimation method, by this method, in an associated period, just can obtain the certain pulses response relevant in proper order at the output of correlator with the wireless channel that participates in by different mobile units.
-power control measurement.The grade of transmitting power is decided in the measurement of carrying out signal/noise power ratio on up link and down link.Use a kind of mechanism based on interior ring control, it is very fast, because it is operated by first sample of impulse response, it can also be finished by the outer shroud based on mass measurement, but speed can be slow.Layer 1 field can be predicted in cardinal process is sent out, and gives with assignment commands to allow the reflector of interior ring fast.
-maintenance uplink synchronisation.BTSC calculates at the station with respect to the mid-of its fiducial time and distinguishes that constantly it should compare with the front corrected value constantly, and this difference becomes new timing advance value, is used for proofreading and correct the beginning x time of next burst to send to mobile unit.The accuracy of ul transmissions is 1/8 of a chip duration, and layer 1 field can be predicted in cardinal process is sent out, and gives the reflector that allows quick control with assignment commands.
-frequency offset correction.It is the process of only upwards being carried out at downlink side by mobile unit when affirmation is mid-.
Figure 10 g illustrates the possible structure that the cardinal process of Figure 10 f is sent out, and wherein, can see two layers, the 1 field L1 that is in close proximity to mid-both sides.Each L1 field is adjacent with an additional field respectively again, and these added field all are used for the SACCH channel that will describe the back.The table 4 of appendix A PP2 illustrates implication, burst position and the size of the L1 field of Figure 10 g.Tertial expression means spreading factor 16.This table comprises three two-bit field that are called PC, SS and SFL.PC and SS field comprise pass to reflector be used for carrying out power control (Power Control, PC) and simultaneous bias (Synchronizaiton Shift, SS) order of function.Field SFL is the flag of frame steathily that uses in the mode identical with GSM: the even bit of the burst of the first bit control chart 10g of SFL symbol, and second bit control odd number bit.If the value of control bit is made as " 1 ", corresponding burst even number or odd number bit transfer high-level signaling (FACCH), otherwise corresponding burst even number or odd number bit transfer data, for example speech data.The SFL value is fixed for depending on the professional whole stagger cycle of N frame.Field PC, SS and SFL 6 bits altogether are equivalent to 96 chips (6 symbols).304 chips of the residue of data field exceed the burst capacity, and therefore, four symbols of SACCH channel must be included in the data field.Table 5 subsequently and 6 illustrates the bit of PC and SS field and the mapping of related command, remembers minimum step P
StepFor ± 1dB, and 1/kT
cBe the chip time T
c1/8.
With reference to the table 7 of appendix A PP2, study now corresponding to the physical channel of described layer Unit 1 so far.This table also illustrates the mapping of physical channel and logic channel.The difference that compares with outstanding layer 1 with the respective channels of GSM also is worth.Physical channel shown in the table 7 is: DPCH (DedicatedPhysical CHannel, DPCH), P-CCPCH (Primary-Common Control PhysicalCHannel, substantially-Common Control Physical Channel), S-CCPCH (Secondary-Common ControlPhysical CHannel, auxiliary-Common Control Physical Channel), P-RACH (Physical RandomAccess CHannel, Physical Random Access Channel), P-FACH (Physical Forward AccessCHannel, the physics forward access channel), and PDPCH (Packet Data Physical CHannel, packet data physical channel).The logic channel that can shine upon in above-mentioned physical channel is represented with following title in table: TCH (Traffic CHannel, Traffic Channel), SACCH (Slow Associated ControlCHannel, associated control channel at a slow speed), FACCH (Slow Associated Control CHannel, fast associated control channel), BCCH (Broadcast Control CHannel, Broadcast Control Channel), PCH (Paging CHannel, paging channel), AGCH (Access Grant CHannel, access grant channel), optCH (Optional CHannel, optional channel), COCH (Common OmnidirectionalCHannel, public omnidirectional channel), RACH (Random Access CHannel, Random Access Channel), FACH (Forward Access CHannel 1 burst, forward access channel 1 burst), PDTCH (PacketData Traffic CHannel, packet data traffic channel), PACCH (Packet Associated ControlCHannel, grouping associated control channel).
Two peculiar physical channels of 3G system undoubtedly are two pilot time slot DwPTS and UpPTS.Wherein, downlink pilot DwPTS carries out under new environment and is similar to the SCH that supports GSM and the burst function of FCCH, and except not carrying tdma frame number this situation, therefore tdma frame number need send by broadcast system information.On the other hand, uplink pilot UpPTS and GSM do not match, because it is more suitable in tdd frame.Can see that mobile unit force to use the signature SYNC1 by the UpPTS carrying, synchronous with the time and the power that obtain next message signale of emission (typically on accidental channel RACH, be used for asking assigned with dedicated channel).Time and power need betide network insertion for the first time synchronously, when network is given mobile unit (UE) with dedicated channel allocation, provide mid-then; Therefore, until that constantly, the SYNC1 sequence all is necessary.Therefore access and synchronization mechanism are different from GSM, are exactly because the different physics settings of 3G system.In GSM, up link time and power before the unpredictable assigned with dedicated channel are synchronous, because it is relatively not too strict to accept the requirement of degree of disturbance, and because do not have the up link that is equal to of SYNC1 sequence.Correct dynamic process is referring to the description of Figure 16 relevant with an embodiment of the invention, and that uses internal system of the present invention shown in it distinguishes asynchronous handoff procedure more.What need stress at this is to insert the RACH channel as before inserting for the first time or inserting dedicated channel, between transfer period, mobile unit continues to send the SYNC1 sequence, up to obtaining network validation by the P-FACH channel, and just before being transformed into dedicated channel, this sequence can also be sent (except switching) once more.For for purpose of brevity, do not have to describe and mobile unit caller or the relevant example of the called process of mobile unit, wherein, compare with switching, more can embody the dynamic process that sends SYNC1.
For noted earlier, can easily understand in passing through the access mechanism of SYNC1, the conflict possibility of UpPTS channel is higher than the possibility of GSM on the RACH channel; Because system provides 8 mutually orthogonal different SYNC1 for described channel, can partly overcome this shortcoming.Yet going deep into of this one side is not scope of the present invention.
Continue the physical channel of table 7 and describe, primary channel P-CCPCH for example always is distributed in the downlink time slots that is in close proximity to before the DwPTS pilot tone (referring to Figure 10 a).Its spreading factor always 16.This channel has can be omnidirectional or carry out limited wave beam forming to provide the fixedly radiation mode of given shape to the sub-district.Mid-minimum deviant always is associated with this channel.Primary channel P-CCPCH transmits 23 high layer information bytes, and the information of relevant other Common Control Channel is provided.Auxiliary channel S-CCPCH can freely be distributed in all downlink time slots.Spreading factor always 16, and can carry out omnidirectional or self-adapting changeable wave beam forming.
The P-RACH accidental channel can be distributed in one or more uplink time slots, and it is professional that its number depends on prediction, and is used for transmitting with request distribution service channel the message of mobile unit.Spreading factor always 16, and can carry out omnidirectional or self-adapting changeable wave beam forming.It partly comprises layer 1 information.
The P-FACH direct channels can freely be configured in all downlink time slots.Spreading factor always 16, and can carry out omnidirectional or self-adapting changeable wave beam forming.It partly comprises layer 1 information.The correct network to each SYNC1 sequence that discloses of P-FACH channel bearing is replied.This answer message provides in single burst, time delay is restricted to single 5 milliseconds of basic frames.By being attached to the answer of P-FACH channel, network provides the identifier of confirming sequence and about being used to transmit the correct lead of next message (this message very may be the requested service message on the P-RACH channel) and the indication of power level to the travelling carriage that sends the SYNC1 sequence.Relate to definite this situation of method of distributing next P-RACH that is right after the stage, P-FACH and P/S-CCPCH (being AGCH) under this situation by SYNC1 sequence access network in parallel mode to mobile unit.In the definition of this pattern, we have to face and some opposite aspect of conflict.In fact, owing to can be a plurality of described channels of each cell configuration, so mobile unit has definition, and it must reply this problem to the network of front SYNC1 sequence (perhaps, to channel request) from which wait of these channels.Also be the solution that has in the nearest patent application of submitting to the applicant's name problem shown in just now, it has avoids because the system of system information reads this advantage of signaling time delay that causes.Shown solution is exactly to create the link of following type basically:
SYNC1→P-FACH→P-RACH→AGCH
Be equivalent to following link:
SYNC1→P-FACH→P-RACH→P/S-CCPCH
Have following restriction:
-mapping must be associated in 8 SYNC1 sequences each with the P-FACH channel.Each P-FACH must be the target of at least one SYNC1.
-mapping from P-FACH to AGCH must be created related with through the P/S-CCPCH of configuration.P/S-CCPCH channel bearing AGCH.Each AGCH through configuration represents the mapping target of at least one P-RACH.
The information of the different prediction of definition links are included in the broadcast system information, and link is just for known to mobile unit and the network therefore even before connecting.The table 8 of appendix A PP2 provides this related example of SYNC1 sequence set and P-FACH channel.Can see that from this table increase the number of time slot that the P-FACH channel uses, SYNC1 organizes corresponding increase, and the interior number of unit of group reduces on average.Set up a link as desired this situation of link make mobile unit can obtain the answer of automatic network, allow advantageously to carry out suitable connection.
Dedicated physical channels DPCH has the described burst structure of Figure 10 g.They are the two-way or one-way channels that carry out wave beam forming.The burst structure of Figure 10 g is not enough to use during access network, is characterised in that during this period to use PC and the SS order of passing to different mobile units widely, and this task is carried out by the physical channel P-FACH that adopts whole burst.
The PDPCH channel has the structure identical with the DPCH dedicated channel, and the implication of layer 1 field obviously changes.
We will be described in the logic channel that shines upon in the physical channel of Fig. 7 now, and they are also referred to as transmission channel, because they will be delivered to the physical layer of wave point by the piecemeal that the agreement high level provides.Say that from functional perspective the logic channel of Fig. 7 divides into groups as shown in figure 13.With reference to this figure, can see following three main groups: Traffic Channel, control channel and Packet Data Channel.The control channel group comprises following channel type: broadcast channel, Common Control Channel and Dedicated Control Channel.Can also see that in table following division: TCH/F is the TCH full rate, TCH/H is the TCH half rate, and optional channel is represented with NCH (Notification CHannel, notification channel) and CBCH (Cell Broadcast CHannel, CBCH).As can be seen, all channels that are called broadcast channel also can put omnidirectional (COCH) under.There are some similarities in this and GSM channel, but corresponding relation is inaccurate, and there is difference in functional layer, and general difference is physics and mapping layer.Describe below and comprise function aspects and mapping method, and from dedicated channel:
TCH (Traffic Channel).These are two-way channels of carrying encoded voice or the data that generated by the user under circuit switched mode.Can use two types: full rate TCH/F and half rate TCH/H.Whole useful load is mapped to part and the SACCH channel that is not used in layer 1 signaling among the physical channel DPCH.Mapping RU
SF8Perhaps one or two RU
SF16Be possible.For High Data Rate, can merge the TCH channel.They carry out wave beam forming.
FACCH (fast associated control channel).It is associated with the Traffic Channel TCH that foregoing bit is stolen under the frame pattern.It is through shining upon 23 byte allocation in the frame that one or two process is interlocked.It is used by network and mobile unit, to transmit some urgent important information, as handover information.This channel is also referred to as main DCCH (Dedicated Control Channel), because form for RR and connect (Radio Resource, Radio Resource) unique so-called main signaling link (just, bidirectional wireless link) framework, but it can temporarily even be a twice for switching, and is made of at least one up link RU and a down link RU of carrying the FACCH channel.SACCH is the part of main signaling link, and the TCH channel also can form a part.
SACCH (associated control channel at a slow speed).It is associated with Traffic Channel TCH, and is used by network and network element, to transmit some non-emergent and non-key information, for example measurement data.Its process is shone upon 23 byte allocation in 24 5 milliseconds of frames, and has four symbols for the SACCH channel in each TCH burst.Figure 14 compares 120 milliseconds professional multiframe of GSM26 frame and 120 milliseconds 24 frame 3G multiframes.In up link, mapping is to two 6 260 bit piecemeals by speech coder output that system is all common.Can see, in GSM, have two not TCH frames of usefulness, can be used for the SACCH channel.Especially, the 26th frame is used for carrying out the relevant measurement that closes on the BTS station, and do not lose voice or data.In the 3G system, there is not this frame, therefore, channel SACCH must be mapped in each TCH channel.
BCCH (Broadcast Control Channel).In the sub-district with broadcast mode down link broadcasting system information.The BCCH channel Mapping is at two RU of P-CCPCH physical channel
SF16In.BCCH channel is with the blank frame of PCH channel or shared this physical channel of other Common Control Channel.The sequence modulation of pilot tone DwPTS represents to comprise the beginning of stagger cycle of the P-CCPCH channel of BCH channel (broadcast channel).The layout of physical channel P-CCPCH carry out signalingization in system information.The table 9 of appendix A PP2 is given in the multiplexing of Common Control Channel BCCH and PCH in the multiframe of 48 control frames.For this reason, multiframe is divided into the blank block that a plurality of length are four basic frames.
PCH (paging channel).It gives mobile unit with the beep-page message downlink transmission.It can have omnidirectional or carry out the radiation mode of wave beam forming.It is represented being mapped in the system information of being carried by BCCH of P-CCPCH or S-CCPCH.
AGCH (access grant channel).When correct announcement and when accepting channel request message that mobile unit sends on the P-RACH channel, network uses this channel to come to send answer to this front message to the mobile unit down link.Note and carry different to the P-FACH of the answer of SYNC1.
CBCH (CBCH).It is the channel that is used for SMSCB business (Short Message ServiceCell Broadcast, short message service Cell Broadcast CB).
NCH (notification channel).It is to be used for channel to mobile unit notification of meetings type call.
RACH (Random Access Channel).It is used for sending the request message of Traffic Channel by mobile unit.Its being mapped in the system information of being carried by BCCH in P-CCPCH is represented.
FACH (forward access channel).It is used for to mobile unit transmission power control (PC) and simultaneous bias (SS) order, as the immediate response to transmission SYNC1 by network.
PDTCH (packet data traffic channel).They carry packet switched data.
PACCH (grouping associated control channel).They carryings signaling relevant with packet switched data.
In the 3G system, can not continue to use size division and distribution that the method identical with gsm system carried out logic channel.In GSM, each downlink time slots is associated with a uplink time slot, and therefore, this provides the connection of nature between all logic channels of the channel combination of sharing the time slot multiframe.Situation about adopting at GSM is that the PCH channel is associated with the RACH channel, and RACH is associated with AGCH.If channel group is combined in the sub-district and appears on a plurality of time slots, exist in interchannel distribution mobile unit to reach the method for the purpose of sharing load.In the 3G system, do not have this connection naturally, so the similar connection between control channel should be set up by its definition.Broadcast system information comprises the content of contracting definition.The control channel of being considered represents to be called the allocation set of CCHset (ControlCHannel Set, control channel collection).In the 3G system, can dispose a plurality of CCHset.Figure 15 is illustrated in the possible layout of interior CCHset of 5 milliseconds of basic frames of 3G and P-FACH channel.
Figure 16 illustrates according to content of the present invention and the message sequence chart of the internal system handover procedure (synchronous or asynchronous) that all notions that provide in the 3G system are at present carried out on dedicated channel.The reason of switching is described as GSM.Handoff procedure is always initiated beginning with network, and comprises:
The normal running (layer 3) of-interruption except RRM RR
-disconnect " main signaling link " and other link (layer 2) by discharging local end connection, and disconnect dedicated channel DCH.
-disconnect and forbid the channel of previous distribution, and they are discharged (layer 1)
-activate new channel, and (if can) activates their connection.
SAPI=0 (Service Access Point Identifier symbol, sign signaling) is set up in-beginning on new channel data connect.
With reference to Figure 16, network sends switching command message by going up to mobile unit at the main signaling link DCCH of old sub-district (FACCH channel), initiates the internal system handover procedure to mobile unit, the network timing of device T3103 that picks up counting then.
After receiving switching command message, mobile unit begins to discharge the old connection to the agreement different layers, it disconnects physical channel, draw and be directed at the channel that is distributed in the new sub-district and change, on the downlink pilot DwPTS of new sub-district, carry out synchronously, and the new connection (this comprises the activation of channel, their connection and data establishment of connection) that begins to set up low layer.Switching command message comprises:
The feature of-Xin channel comprises the AGCH channel that is used for many resource structures and the correct indication of FACCH and SACCH channel, and alternatively in the power level of new channel.This message can also comprise the channelling mode definition that must be applied to one or more channel sets.If with the undefined channel set in switching command message definition front, message itself should comprise the channelling mode definition of new channel set.The new sub-district feature that success communication is required comprises allowing mobile unit to use its data (for example, frequency and the power level of cell scrambling+channel PCCPCH/DwPTS) from the anticipatory knowledge of the relative synchronous of measuring process acquisition.The power level of PCCPCH/DwPTS is used for being provided with initial power on the new channel by mobile unit.
-power command (optional).The power level that defines in this power command is used for being provided with initial power on the new channel by mobile unit, and does not influence employed power on the old channel.
-be used for activating the process indication of new physics channel.
-switching the benchmark that in the different agreement layer, uses.
-owing to switching some parameters that insert dedicated channel, wherein: the identifier of the SYNC1 sequence set that is allowed in the new sub-district, the description of P-FACH channel.
-timing advance the value (optional: as to be used for synchronized cells) that in new sub-district, uses.
-mobile unit is used for computing application in the real-time difference (optional: as to be used for synchronized cells) of the Timing Advance of new sub-district.
-be applied to the encryption mode of new channel alternatively.If this information does not exist, encryption mode is identical with employed pattern on the former channel.In both cases, should not change encryption key.Unless before transmitted the encryption mode command messages, switching command message should not comprise the IE (Information Element, information unit) of the encryption mode setting that expression " begins to encrypt "; In an example shown,, then should think and make mistakes, return former handoff failure information immediately, and do not take any further operation because of " not specified protocol mistake " if receive similar switching command information.
-be defined in the optional target pattern information unit VGCS (VoiceGroup Call Service, voice group call business) of the RR pattern of using on the new channel.If this information unit not, then this pattern supposition was with before channel was identical.Target pattern VGCS information unit also should be represented the set of encryption keys number of the set of encryption keys that must use on new channel, whether perhaps new channel unencryption.If this information unit does not exist, this pattern is identical with previous channel with encryption key.If target pattern VGCS information unit is included in this message, then do not support the travelling carriage of VGCS conversation to ignore switching command message, and the RR status message that will have specific reasons send to network.On the other hand, if above-mentioned information unit and being used for defines the additional information cell of encryption node and is included in the same message, then support the mobile unit of VGCS conversation to think that switching command message makes mistakes, and immediately former switch failure information because of " not specified protocol mistake " is sent to network and do not take any new operation.
Up to mobile unit new sub-district send switch insert message phase till below the stage situation that is used between non-synched cells, switching, but these stages also can be used for synchronized cells, to optimize turn-on time and power parameter.In necessary these two processes of activation which network notify in switching command message.
After receiving switching command message, send the SYNC1 sequence on the UpPTS channel that mobile unit begins in indicated sub-district.Mobile unit starts timer T3124, the timing starting point is arranged on the time slot that for the first time SYNC1 is sent to UpPTS.If a plurality of SYNC1 sequences that the switching command message indication is allowed, mobile unit is selected a SYNC1 sequence at random in the SYNC1 sequence that is allowed.Under synchronous switch instances, start timer T3124, the timing starting point is arranged on primary link DCCH, sends the time slot that switches access message for the first time.
Network obtains required RF characteristic from the SYNC1 burst, and under " unconfirmed " pattern physical information message is being sent on the relevant P-FACH channel by the consecutive frame carrying.
Mobile unit just begins to monitor indicated P-FACH channel after sending first SYNC1 burst, to disclose physical information message.This message comprises the signature benchmark number that is used by mobile unit, and receives SYNC1 and confirms the relevant frame number (seeing note) of burst (through confirming), interference level on the corresponding P-ARCH and Timing Advance.Wait for physical information message from sending in four frames that SYNC1 begins.If any significant response do not occur, repeat said process, until the timing end of timer.
Annotate: it doesn't matter for the absolute frame number of being implemented in above-mentioned relative system frame number and the sub-district, otherwise can cause technical problem, and still, on the other hand, it is the number of distance between the mobile unit indication physics message pick-up frame SYNC1 transmit frame corresponding with this frame.Whether this is apart from helping the mobile unit awareness network to reply towards it.When mobile unit received physical information message, it stopped to send the SYNC1 burst, and beginning sends switching access message repeatedly with successive frame on main signaling link DCCH.This message sends in single burst with non-encrypted pattern.Because mobile unit is not still known the frame number SFN of new channel in the Target cell, so can not begin encrypt/decrypt.This problem is by understanding the layer 1 of the downlink synchronization mechanism of 3G system with comparing of GSM.As previously mentioned, downlink pilot DwPTS does not comprise frame number SFN, and it need to begin to obtain by P-CCPCH (being BCCH in this case).Therefore, first switches after access message mobile unit in transmission, and lacking under the device situation provided by the present invention, need begin to monitor BCCH, with detection system information and acquisition frame number SFN.As mentioned above, above-mentioned message be per 240 milliseconds of signaling multiframes once: certainty is unfavorable for time of switching.Before the device that description solve the technical problem, studying the message of switching access is worth, and this message comprises following parameter:
-switching the benchmark that in switching command, receives.
-subscriber equipment is used for from the Timing Advance and the power level of new sub-district access network.Network activates primary link DCCH under receiving mode.
When network receives switching access message, it sends to mobile unit with suitable frame number informational message (including the information of closing system frame number SFN) with " unconfirmed " pattern on primary link DCCH, use the encoding scheme of in single burst, working for this reason, and allow to use decoding scheme to receive by service request.If of course, begin deciphering immediately.This message comprises following information:
-the frame number of carrying frame number informational message in single burst.
-regularly adjust and order.
Network repeats to send the frame number informational message in layer 1 frame subsequently, send and the correct TCH frame of deciphering of process up to receiving by mobile unit.Maximum number of repetitions is preset.Being correctly decoded of frame meaned that decipherment algorithm and error detection test (if existence) expression do not have mistake.
When network when mobile unit receives through the control frame that is correctly decoded or TCH frame, it stops to send the frame number informational message, and allows to use the encoding scheme by service request to send.When can the time, begin immediately to encrypt.
When mobile unit received the frame number informational message, it stopped timer T3124; It stops to send switching inserts message, and its permission physical channel uses the coding/decoding scheme by service request under transmission and receiving mode, and if necessary, its connecting channel.When can the time, begin encrypt/decrypt immediately.
When successfully setting up the low layer connection, mobile unit returns the handoff completion message of appointment " normally " incident reason to network on the DCCH link.The reception (network side) of the transmission (mobile unit side) of this message and this message allows to be different from the transmission at once of the signaling message of RR management level.
When network received handoff completion message, it stopped timer T3103, and discharged the old channel of old sub-district with the signature that may be used for handoff procedure.
As long as ask in switching command message, mobile unit just is included in the time difference of the synchronization point of measuring in the hand-off process in handoff completion message, and it is proofreaied and correct with half of synchronous lead (Timing Advance parameter).
Unconventional situation can occur in the handoff procedure, and in these cases, mobile unit will send to network with the switch failure information of specific reasons.The some of them of these situations are as described below:
In switching synchronously, if mobile unit knows that the Timing Advance of new sub-district is greater than maximum magnitude, and new sub-district can not receive the value outside the allowed band, mobile unit sends former switch failure information because of " it is impossible to switch; Timing Advance goes beyond the scope " to network so, and does not reattempt the processing switching.
If switching command message indication mobile unit uses unsupported channel to describe or pattern, if perhaps channelling mode does not define for all channel sets, mobile unit returns former switch failure information because of " channelling mode is unacceptable " so, and uses old model to remain in the current channel.
If switching command message indication mobile unit uses unsupported frequency, mobile unit returns former switch failure information because of " frequency is not supported " so, and remains in the current channel.
In mobile unit side, if when the timing that sends timer 3124 before the handoff completion message finished or on new channel the low layer failure takes place, mobile unit made new channel invalid, activates old channel once more, reconnect TCH channel (if existence), and begin to set up main signaling link.Mobile unit sends switch failure information on main signaling link, and attempts carrying out again normal running as not switching.The operating parameter (for example, encryption node) of old channel after returning remains applied those parameters before receiving switching command message.
After receiving switch failure information, if new channel is a dedicated channel, network release new channel, and under asynchronous situation, stop timer T3103.If new channel is the VGCS channel, should keep these channels.
In network side, if at reception handoff completion message on the new channel or before receiving switch failure information on the old channel, the timing of timer 3103 finishes, perhaps mobile unit has rebulid calling, if old channel is dedicated channel then discharges these channels, and all environment that relevant mobile unit is connected reset.If old channel is the VGCS channel, should keeps this channel, and the up link connection can arbitrarily be set.
In network side, if do not receive correct control frame or correct TCH frame, be under the situation of dedicated channel at newly assigned channel, should discharge these new channels.If new channel is the VGCS channel, should keeps these channels, and the up link connection can arbitrarily be set.
In network side, ignore and send after the switching command message than the more failure that takes place of low layer of old channel.
Processing receives the failure that SABM frame (SetAsynchronous Balanced Mode is provided with asynchronous balanced mode) takes place at low layer afterwards on new main signaling link according to general approach.
Appendix A PP1
Caption (Fig. 6)
PHL physical layer (PHysical Layer)
MAC medium access control (Medium Access Control)
LAPD D channel link access protocol (Link Access Protocol on the D channel)
LAPDm D channel link access protocol (revision) (Link Access Protocol on the D
channel modified)
MTP message transfer part (Message Transfer Part)
RRM RRM (Radio Resource Management)
SCCP SCCP (Signalling Connection Control Part)
MM mobile management (Mobility Management)
CM connection management (Connection Management)
DTAP Direct Transfer Application Part (Direct Transfer Application Part)
BSS_MAP base station system _ MAP (Base Station System_Mobile Application
Part)
Table A (layer 2) (GSM-3G)
| Interface | Describe | |||
| Transfer function | Um (Uu) | A-bis (similar A-bis) | A | |
| LAPDm (GSM 04.06) | LAPD | MTP | These two agreements allow with the correct sequential delivery information relevant with application layer.These two agreements are similar; The main difference part is in LAPD, the signaling connection relevant with different user can be carried out multiplexing on same physical support, and in LAPDm, the connection of different user is also distinguished in physical layer.Permission in the connection of adopting shared channel signaling CCITT SS7 with the correct sequential delivery information relevant with application layer.It also allows by recovering signaling circuit management fail condition. | |
Table B (layer 3) (GSM-3G)
| Interface | Describe | |||
| Um (Uu) | A-bis (similar A-bis) | A | ||
| Transfer function network function RRM | CM MM RRM | RRM | SCCP CM MM BSS-MA P | The supplementary service that activates with respect to MTP is provided, for example, the signaling of setting up between BSS and the MSC connects, and transmits the information of relevant mobile unit.DTAP (CM) controls between MS and the MSC the transparent message of BSS; It can be divided into three sublayer: CC (calling out control): carry out typical CCF.SS (supplementary service): carry out the specific function that is used for accessing supplementary services.SMS (short message service): allow mobile unit and serve as the telecommunication service of service centre's exchange message of " storage and forwarding ".DTAP (MM) manages between MS and the MSC the transparent message of BSS.Definition is used for the function (adding, authentication) of mobile unit mobile management.Control BSS carries out mobile network's exemplary functions.The channel architecture function of managing power control, frequency hopping, radio frames, encryption, switching.Comprise: the part of talking with between permission MS and BTS.The part of talking with between permission MS and BSC.The part of talking with between permission BSC and BTS. |
Appendix A PP2
Table 1: the symbolic number of each data field during cardinal process is sent out (Figure 12 f)
| Spreading factor SF (Q k) | The symbolic number of each data field during cardinal process is sent out |
| 1 | 352 |
| 2 | 176 |
| 4 | 88 |
| 8 | 44 |
| 16 | 22 |
Table 2: the approximate data transmission speed of different RU
| Spreading factor (SF) (Q) | The RU title | The symbolic number of each data field (N) in the burst | The approximate data speed of physical channel (bps) |
| 1 | RU SF1 | 352 | 281.600 |
| 2 | RU SF2 | 176 | 140.800 |
| 4 | RU SF4 | 88 | 70.00 |
| 8 | RU SF8 | 44 | 35.200 |
| 16 | RU SF16, basic RU | 22 | 17.600 |
Table 3 homophony system parameter
| Spreading rate | 1.28M chips/sec |
| Carrier spacing | 1.6MHz |
| Data-modulated | QPSK |
| The chip modulation | Root raised cosine Roll_off α=0.22 |
| The spread spectrum characteristic | Quadrature (Q k* chip)/symbol, wherein, Q k＝2 p，0≤p≤4 |
Table 4: layer 1 field that cardinal process is sent out
| Parameter | Bit length | Symbol in the burst |
| Simultaneous bias (SS) | 2*16/ | 16/SF symbol after mid- |
| Power control (PC) | 2*16/ | 16/SF symbol after the SS symbol |
| Steal flag of frame (SFL) | 2*16/ | 16/SF symbol before mid- |
Table 5: the bit mapping of power control PC
| Bit value | Respective operations |
| 00 | Tx power is increased P stepdB |
| 01 | There is not |
| 10 | There is not |
| 11 | With Tx power reduction P stepdB |
Table 6: the bit mapping of simultaneous bias SS
| Bit value | Respective operations |
| 00 | With Timing Advance T aIncrease 1/kTc |
| 01 | There is not |
| 10 | There is not |
| 11 | With Timing Advance T aReduce 1/kTc |
Logic channel mapping in table 7 physical channel
| Physical channel | Logic channel | |
| DPCH | DPCH | TCH，SACCH，FACCH |
| P-CCPCH | Substantially-Common Control Physical Channel | COCH(BCCH，PCH，AGCH，optCH) |
| S-CCPCH | Auxiliary-Common Control Physical Channel | COCH(BCCH，PCH，AGCH，optCH) |
| P-RACH | Physical Random Access Channel | RACH |
| P-FACH | The physics forward access channel | FACH (1 burst) |
| DwPTS | Down link pilot timeslot | Except that transmission FN frame number, also carry out SCH and FCCH task |
| UpPTS | Uplink pilot time slot | SYNC1 |
| PDPCH | Packet data physical channel | PDTCH，PACCH |
Table 8: the group of SYNC1 sequence is multiplexing in the time slot of transmission P-FACH channel
| The timeslot number of P-FACH channel | SYNC1 is the 1st time slot | SYNC1 is the 2nd time slot | SYNC1 is the 3rd time slot | SYNC1 is the 4th time slot | SYNC1 is the 5th time slot | SYNC1 is the |
| 1 | 1-8 | |||||
| 2 | 1-4 | 5-8 | ||||
| 3 | 1-3 | 4-6 | 7-8 | |||
| 4 | 1-2 | 3-4 | 5-6 | 7-8 | ||
| 5 | 1-2 | 3-4 | 5-6 | 7 | 8 | |
| 6 | 1-2 | 3-4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Table 9: the Common Control Channel among the physical channel P-CCPCH is multiplexing
| Transmission channel | Block interleaved and interval |
| BCCH | 1 (4 frame) |
| BCCH/PCH | 2 (4 frames) |
| PCH | 3 (4 frames) |
| PCH | 4 (4 frames) |
| PCH | 5 (4 frames) |
| PCH or other | 6 (4 frames) |
| PCH or other | 7 (4 frames) |
| PCH or other | 8 (4 frames) |
| PCH or other | 9 (4 frames) |
| PCH or other | 10 (4 frames) |
| PCH or other | 11 (4 frames) |
| PCH or other | 12 (4 frames) |
Claims (17)
1. method of in third generation mobile communication system, carrying out synchronous handover, this third generation mobile communication system is made up of the sub-district that comprises base transceiver station BTS, wherein, base transceiver station BTS sends by at least one transmission and communicates by letter with mobile unit UE with the reception-transmission carrier wave of received signal, the base band bit sequence that is generated is called burst, be included in the adjacent time-slots that belongs to sequence frame, this sequence frame repeats in multistage hyperframe erratically, and each bit sequence has the associated code that is used for code division multiplexing on common carrier; Described transmitting and receive signals to less comprises:
-by the pilot frequency sequence DwPTS of base station to the mobile unit transmission;
-by the signal that voice or transfer of data produce, after the base band bit sequence being carried out encrypt/decrypt, support by two-way or uni-directional wireless Traffic Channel TCH by the algorithm that needs the System Frame Number in the frame hierarchy;
-the signaling relevant with described Traffic Channel after by described algorithm the base band bit sequence being carried out encrypt/decrypt, supported by two-way Dedicated Control Channel DCCH, FACCH, SACCH;
Described method comprises the steps:
A) base station side BTSC, be also referred to as network side and send handoff command, be switching command to mobile unit UE by the service of old sub-district, below Serving cell and the channel of " old " definition before switching, and " newly " represents switching target small area and channel; This order sends on old Dedicated Control Channel DCCH, and comprises following message unit at least: switch benchmark, about the system information of new sub-district, new business channel TCH and the structure of relevant signaling FACCH, SACCH;
B) mobile unit side receives handoff command, is switching command and carries out following operation: the old connection of releasing operation different agreement layer, interrupt the wireless connections of old sub-district, time and power are synchronous, be transformed into wireless channel TCH, the FACCH, the SACCH that in new sub-district, distribute, for described wireless channel is set up the new LAPDm of connection and with its activation, is set up the data connection;
C) mobile unit side sends the switching that comprises described switching benchmark to network and inserts message, i.e. switching access in new sub-district, and this information sends on new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH; It is characterized in that: it also is included in and carries out following operating procedure in the new sub-district:
D) network side sends message to mobile unit, comprising relevant by System Frame Number in the frame hierarchy of the carrier wave support of in new sub-district, using, be the information of frame number, this message sends on described new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH;
E) reception of mobile unit side comprises System Frame Number, is the message of frame number information, uses the current frame number of this information acquisition, in the encryption/decryption algorithm that is included in new business channel TCH and relevant the above bit sequence of signaling DCCH;
F) mobile unit side sends the frame corresponding to described new business channel TCH or relevant signaling (L2) of encoding and encrypting through suitably;
G) mobile unit side sends on described new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH by what network used and finishes switching command, promptly switches and finish, to indicate the connection of the old sub-district of last release.
2. method that is used for carrying out asynchronous handover at third generation mobile communication system, this third generation mobile communication system is made up of the sub-district that comprises base transceiver station BTS, wherein, base transceiver station BTS sends by at least one transmission and communicates by letter with mobile unit UE with the reception-transmission carrier wave of received signal, the base band bit sequence that is produced is called burst, be included in the adjacent time-slots that belongs to sequence frame, this sequence frame repeats in multistage hyperframe erratically, and each bit sequence has the associated code that is used for code division multiplexing on common carrier; Described transmitting and receive signals to less comprises:
-by the pilot frequency sequence DwPTS of base station to the mobile unit transmission;
-by the signal that voice or transfer of data produce, after the base band bit sequence being carried out encrypt/decrypt, support by two-way or uni-directional wireless Traffic Channel TCH by the algorithm that needs the System Frame Number in the frame hierarchy;
-the signaling relevant with described Traffic Channel after by described algorithm the base band bit sequence being carried out encrypt/decrypt, supported by two-way Dedicated Control Channel DCCH, FACCH, SACCH;
-identifier (SYNC1) is also referred to as signature sequence, is transferred to described base station by mobile unit on the network insertion channel UpPTS that is shared by a plurality of mobile units, comprises the steps:
A) base station side BTSC, be also referred to as network side and send handoff command, be switching command to mobile unit UE by the service of old sub-district, below Serving cell and the channel of " old " definition before switching, and " newly " represents switching target small area and channel; This order sends on old Dedicated Control Channel DCCH, and comprises the following message unit at least: switch benchmark, relevant system information of subdistricts newly, about the information of new business channel TCH and the structure of relevant signaling FACCH, SACCH;
B) mobile unit side receives handoff command, is switching command and carries out following operation: the old connection of releasing operation different agreement layer, interrupt old sub-district wireless connections, be transformed into the wireless channel TCH, the FACCH that distribute in the new sub-district, SACCH, for described wireless channel set up new connect (LAPDm) and with its activation, set up data and connect;
It is characterized in that: it also is included in and carries out following operating procedure in the new sub-district:
C) mobile unit side sends signature sequence collection available in new sub-district, is the signature sequence SYNC1 that selects at random the UpPTS group number, and before this mobile unit inserts dedicated channel DCCH, on the Common Control Channel P-FACH of its command transmitting, wait for network answer message, be physical message;
D) mobile unit side receive network to the answer message of the signature sequence SYNC1 of transmission, be physical message, this message comprise the signature sequence SYNC1 of transmission at least and be used for synchronizing signal, promptly by the dependent body of mobile unit in the order that is right after timing that the stage of the included switching of active procedure after inserting send and power level;
E) network side sends the switching that comprises described switching benchmark and inserts message, i.e. switching access, and this message is sending on new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH;
F) network side sends message to mobile unit, comprise relevant by the System Frame Number in the frame hierarchy of the carrier wave support of in new sub-district, using, be frame number information, this message sends on described new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH;
G) reception of mobile unit side comprises System Frame Number, is the message of frame number information, uses the current frame number of this information acquisition, in the encryption/decryption algorithm that is included in new business channel TCH and relevant the above bit sequence of signaling DCCH;
H) mobile unit side send through suitable coding and encrypt with described new business channel TCH or the corresponding frame of relevant signaling (L2);
I) mobile unit side sends on described new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH by what network used and finishes switching command, promptly switches and finish, to indicate the connection of the old sub-district of last release.
3. the method for the asynchronous handover of execution according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described mobile unit is before asynchronous handoff procedure between the termination current area, repeat to send signature sequence (SYNC1) and wait for the described step c) preset times of replying, perhaps receive described answer message that network sends, finish transmission when being physical message when it.
4. the method for the asynchronous handover of execution according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described mobile unit begins second timing (T3124) sending signature sequence SYNC1 for the first time, ends asynchronous handoff procedure between current area when this timing finishes.
5. the method for the synchronous handover of execution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the access message that described mobile unit causes owing to switching in transmission, i.e. switching access, begin second timing (T3124), asynchronous handoff procedure between termination current area during this timing end.
6. the method for execution handover according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, network is at the described switching command of transmission, when being switching command, begin first timing (T3103), when finishing, this timing ends asynchronous handoff procedure between current area, perhaps network side receives and describedly finishes switching command, promptly switches when finishing, and stops timing.
7. the method for execution handover according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described access message, i.e. the switching access that causes owing to switching comprises that also the transmit timing of being adopted by mobile unit shifts to an earlier date value and power level, to insert new subzone network.
8. the method for execution handover according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described access message, the i.e. switching that causes owing to switching inserts and encode in single burst, and do not encrypt.
9. the method for execution handover according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, repeats described in the frame subsequently of the described adjacent time-slots that belongs to sequence frame by mobile unit owing to switch the transmission that causes and insert message, promptly switch the step that inserts.
10. the method for execution handover according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, describedly comprises System Frame Number, is that the message of frame number information is encoded in single burst and do not encrypted, and send on described new Dedicated Control Channel FACCH.
11. the method for execution handover according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, describedly comprises System Frame Number, is that the message of frame number information comprises following information:
-comprising System Frame Number, be the System Frame Number of the frame of the described coded message of transmission in the single burst of frame number information;
-be used for the time-controlled order of mobile unit reflector.
12. the method for execution handover according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, network send in the frame subsequently of the described adjacent time-slots that belongs to sequence frame with maximum times describedly comprise System Frame Number, be the message of frame number information.
13. the method for the asynchronous handover of execution according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, describedly comprise System Frame Number when mobile unit receives, when being the message of frame number information, stop described second timing (T3124), and the encoding scheme that allows to use new speech dedicated channel TCH or relevant signaling DCCH type of service to be asked is transmitted, and allows these channels are carried out encrypt/decrypt.
14. the method for the asynchronous handover of execution according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described mobile unit to network send through coding and encrypt with described new business channel TCH or the corresponding frame of relevant signaling (L2).
15. the method for the asynchronous handover of execution according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, network receive through suitable coding and encrypt with the corresponding frame of described new business channel TCH or relevant signaling (L2) time, stop to send describedly comprise System Frame Number, be the message of frame number information.
16. the method for execution handover according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described pilot frequency sequence (DwPTS) also sends to neighbor cell.
17. the method for the synchronous handover of execution according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step a), described handoff command also comprises and is used for inserting the relevant power level of new channel and the additional information cell of transmit timing lead.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IT2000/000102 WO2001072081A1 (en) | 2000-03-23 | 2000-03-23 | Handover procedures in a radio communication system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1451250A CN1451250A (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| CN1203719C true CN1203719C (en) | 2005-05-25 |
Family
ID=11133497
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00819367.3A Expired - Fee Related CN1203719C (en) | 2000-03-23 | 2000-03-23 | Handover procedures in radio communication system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1281289A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003528507A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1203719C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001072081A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1747598B (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2010-11-03 | 上海宣普实业有限公司 | Hard switch method and apparatus and TD-SCDMA system therewith |
Families Citing this family (92)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10023826B4 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2015-07-09 | Qualcomm Incorporated | A method of transmitting a frame number in a communication system |
| FI110736B (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2003-03-14 | Nokia Corp | Data Transfer Method, Subscriber Terminal and GPRS / EDGE Radio Access Network |
| GB0200091D0 (en) * | 2002-01-04 | 2002-02-20 | Roke Manor Research | Scheduling algorithm for nodeb steady state sync |
| CN100508474C (en) * | 2002-02-10 | 2009-07-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for switching over between switch-in points moving terminal in wireless local network |
| CN1200590C (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2005-05-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method of realizing GSM and CDMA network information intercommunication |
| AU2003219391A1 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2003-11-17 | Nokia Corporation | Handovers of user equipment connections in wireless communication systems |
| AU2003283156A1 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2004-06-15 | Tenxc Wireless | Hybrid space-time diversity beam forming method |
| CN1157969C (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-07-14 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Switching method used in mobile comunication system |
| CN100334848C (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2007-08-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | An implement method for controlling user terminal switching between different networks |
| JP4225087B2 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2009-02-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | Mobile communication system, radio base station control apparatus, and outer loop power control method used therefor |
| KR100689508B1 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2007-03-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method for performing handover in a communication system |
| US9226308B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2015-12-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method, apparatus, and system for medium access control |
| US8284752B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2012-10-09 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method, apparatus, and system for medium access control |
| US8462817B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2013-06-11 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method, apparatus, and system for multiplexing protocol data units |
| US8483105B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2013-07-09 | Qualcomm Incorporated | High speed media access control |
| US8472473B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2013-06-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Wireless LAN protocol stack |
| US8233462B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2012-07-31 | Qualcomm Incorporated | High speed media access control and direct link protocol |
| US8903440B2 (en) | 2004-01-29 | 2014-12-02 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Distributed hierarchical scheduling in an ad hoc network |
| KR100827105B1 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2008-05-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method and apparatus for ranging to support fast handover in broadband wireless communication system |
| KR100612675B1 (en) | 2004-03-10 | 2006-08-14 | 에스케이 텔레콤주식회사 | Handover Method Using Interworking Interoperability Function and ISUP for Minimization of Mute Interval in Mixed Mobile Communication System of Asynchronous Network and Synchronous Network |
| US8315271B2 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2012-11-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for an ad-hoc wireless communications system |
| US7564814B2 (en) | 2004-05-07 | 2009-07-21 | Qualcomm, Incorporated | Transmission mode and rate selection for a wireless communication system |
| CN100393031C (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2008-06-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Encrypted active point confirming method in wireless resource controlling layer |
| US8401018B2 (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2013-03-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for scheduling in a wireless network |
| US7933600B2 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2011-04-26 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Smooth hard handover method, mobile station and base station adapted for the method |
| WO2006015524A1 (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2006-02-16 | Shunde Xinbao Electrical Equipments Co., Ltd. Foshan City | The steam generator and the double function coffee machine employing the same |
| US8086241B2 (en) * | 2004-11-18 | 2011-12-27 | Mediatek Incorporation | Handoff methods, and devices utilizing same |
| WO2006073279A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 | 2006-07-13 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Improvements to high speed uplink packet access scheme |
| CN100393172C (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2008-06-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method of seamless switching for mobile telephones in personal handheld telephone system |
| US8855704B2 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2014-10-07 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Fast cell selection in TD-CDMA (UMTS TDD) |
| US8600336B2 (en) | 2005-09-12 | 2013-12-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Scheduling with reverse direction grant in wireless communication systems |
| CN100388820C (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2008-05-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Cluster calling business controlling method and terminal apparatus and system using said method |
| US8130727B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2012-03-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Quasi-orthogonal allocation of codes in TD-CDMA systems |
| US8068464B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2011-11-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Varying scrambling/OVSF codes within a TD-CDMA slot to overcome jamming effect by a dominant interferer |
| TW200729990A (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-08-01 | Interdigital Tech Corp | Method and system for adjusting uplink transmission timing immediately for long term evolution handover |
| WO2007124677A1 (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-11-08 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method and device for switch controlling |
| JP4744599B2 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | Mobile terminal and mobile communication system |
| JP4265620B2 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2009-05-20 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | ACCESS CONTROL DEVICE, WIRELESS DEVICE, NETWORK, ACCESS CONTROL METHOD, AND ACCESS CONTROL PROGRAM |
| GB0611343D0 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2006-07-19 | Roke Manor Research | Method of handover of packet switched resources |
| CN100454819C (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2009-01-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for realizing multiple packet broadcasting service |
| EP3668179A1 (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2020-06-17 | InterDigital Technology Corporation | Content of the handover command in an intra-lte handover |
| CN101110633B (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2011-08-31 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Method and device for initial synchronization between GSM system and TD-SCDMA system |
| CN101111055B (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2010-09-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and terminal for controlling switch and execution |
| CN1889785B (en) | 2006-07-27 | 2010-05-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, system and network for processing switch failure in group switching process |
| JP5125027B2 (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2013-01-23 | 富士通株式会社 | Radio relay communication method, radio base station and radio relay station in radio communication system |
| TWI354465B (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2011-12-11 | Qualcomm Inc | Method and apparatus for flexible pilot pattern |
| CN101162918B (en) * | 2006-10-09 | 2010-09-15 | 北京信威通信技术股份有限公司 | Method and system for detecting the third symbol of SCDMA system access exploration sequence |
| GB2443236B (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2009-03-25 | Motorola Inc | A cellular communication system |
| PL2958393T3 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2018-07-31 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Distribution of broadcast/multicast data in telecommunications systems |
| CN101179844B (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2011-07-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Process of packet switch cancellation, packet switch method |
| WO2008096317A1 (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2008-08-14 | Nokia Corporation | System and method for providing dedicated system frame number (sfn) transmission in handover |
| CN101267593B (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2011-04-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and base station for activating multicast and broadcast multimedia service in target cells |
| EP2007033A1 (en) * | 2007-06-19 | 2008-12-24 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and system to synchronize a GSM device |
| CN101351009B (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2011-07-06 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Method for detecting fast relevant control channel/half velocity with high-reliability |
| CN101365224B (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2011-09-07 | 鼎桥通信技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus reducing interference between adjacent cells |
| CN101136777B (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2010-06-23 | 网经科技（苏州）有限公司 | Security management method of dual-encryption channel cooperation in network management system |
| US9544828B2 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2017-01-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Handover failure procedures in communication systems |
| WO2009075622A1 (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-06-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | An improved broadcast channel. |
| GB0724435D0 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2008-01-30 | Icera Inc | Physical channel establishment |
| CN101500189B (en) * | 2008-02-03 | 2011-06-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, system and terminal for implementing information scheduling |
| US8649353B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2014-02-11 | Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. | Method and apparatus for accessing a random access channel by selectively using dedicated or contention-based preambles during handover |
| US8712415B2 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2014-04-29 | Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. | Timing and cell specific system information handling for handover in evolved UTRA |
| US8570977B2 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2013-10-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for handover in a wireless communication system |
| CN101594175B (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2012-12-26 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Method, system and device for beamforming transmission |
| JP5107465B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2012-12-26 | インターデイジタル パテント ホールディングス インコーポレイテッド | Method and apparatus for performing handover in E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) |
| CN101742518B (en) * | 2008-11-06 | 2013-04-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Timing adjustment method, system and device |
| CN101835228B (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2014-01-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for keeping reverse logic channel consistence |
| US20120170549A1 (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2012-07-05 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and Apparatus for System Frame Number Synchronization in Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) Networks |
| CN102100106B (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2017-09-08 | 高通股份有限公司 | The method and apparatus that link during recovering switching in TD SCDMA systems fails |
| WO2011056259A1 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-05-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for continuing hspa during baton handover in td-scdma systems |
| US20120230295A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2012-09-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and Apparatus to Support HSDPA ACK/CQI Operation During Baton Handover in TD-SCDMA Systems |
| JP5627899B2 (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2014-11-19 | 京セラ株式会社 | Base station and base station communication method |
| CN102196511A (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-21 | 中国移动通信集团公司 | Method, system and device for optimizing cell parameters |
| CN102487547B (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2014-12-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Channel resource distribution method, apparatus and terminal |
| US8768390B2 (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2014-07-01 | Mediatek Inc. | Surrounding cell monitoring method |
| US9226213B2 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2015-12-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enhanced slow associated control channel (ESACCH) |
| CN103369606B (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2018-09-25 | 南京中兴软件有限责任公司 | Method and system for the switching of GSM end packet switching domains |
| KR20130124004A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2013-11-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method and apparatus for resource allocation based on transmission scheme in milimiter wave communication system |
| CN103874149B (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2020-06-09 | 索尼公司 | Mobile handover management method, equipment and system in wireless communication network |
| CN104168640A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Reception end PDCP layer HFN out-off-step recovering method and device |
| GB2516886A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-11 | Nec Corp | Communications system |
| US11452121B2 (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2022-09-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Apparatus and method for synchronous multiplexing and multiple access for different latency targets utilizing thin control |
| US10278178B2 (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2019-04-30 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Apparatus and method for inter-band pairing of carriers for time division duplex transmit- and receive-switching |
| US9264887B2 (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2016-02-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems and methods for enhanced system information decoding |
| EP3291491B1 (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2020-01-08 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Signal processing method and device |
| US9924482B2 (en) | 2015-06-17 | 2018-03-20 | Hughes Network Systems, Llc | Unique word (UW) based multiple access message processing |
| EP3253117B1 (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2021-02-17 | HTC Corporation | Handling a handover |
| FR3088792A1 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-22 | Orange | Latency-free handover management for multi-attachment mobile terminal |
| CN113630860B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2023-11-24 | 北京佰才邦技术股份有限公司 | Information confirmation method, terminal equipment and network equipment |
| CN112598895B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2023-05-19 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | System and method for preventing multichannel conflict during verification of electric energy meter |
| CN113890592B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-05-24 | 广州爱浦路网络技术有限公司 | Communication satellite switching method, integrated sky-ground information network system, device and medium |
| CN114070383B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-06-27 | 东方红卫星移动通信有限公司 | Communication method and device for improving spectrum efficiency in low-orbit satellite communication system |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6094575A (en) * | 1993-11-01 | 2000-07-25 | Omnipoint Corporation | Communication system and method |
| JP3479935B2 (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 2003-12-15 | 富士通株式会社 | Handover method in CDMA mobile communication, CDMA mobile communication system, base station and mobile station thereof |
| FI106494B (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2001-02-15 | Nokia Networks Oy | Ramsynkroniseringsmekanism |
| FI107487B (en) * | 1999-03-08 | 2001-08-15 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Procedure for encrypting data transmission in a radio system |
-
2000
- 2000-03-23 CN CN00819367.3A patent/CN1203719C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-23 EP EP00917263A patent/EP1281289A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-03-23 JP JP2001568653A patent/JP2003528507A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-23 WO PCT/IT2000/000102 patent/WO2001072081A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1747598B (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2010-11-03 | 上海宣普实业有限公司 | Hard switch method and apparatus and TD-SCDMA system therewith |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1451250A (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| JP2003528507A (en) | 2003-09-24 |
| EP1281289A1 (en) | 2003-02-05 |
| WO2001072081A1 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1203719C (en) | Handover procedures in radio communication system | |
| CN1205834C (en) | Access channel scheduling in a radio communication system | |
| CN1209942C (en) | Method for optimizing the random access procedures in the CDMA cellular networks | |
| CN1186893C (en) | Apparatus and method for gated transmission in CDMA communication system | |
| CN1204701C (en) | Channel communication device and method for CDMA communication system | |
| CN1184749C (en) | Method of down-chain power control in packet switching cellular system | |
| CN1173491C (en) | Telecommunications system with wireless code and time-division multiplex based telecommunication | |
| CN1172463C (en) | Method of assigning uplink random access channel in CDMA mobile communication system | |
| CN1163009C (en) | Method and system of code division multiple access mobile communication | |
| CN1096202C (en) | A base station for a mobile telecommunications system | |
| US8072960B2 (en) | Networking method of single frequency network in TD-SCDMA system | |
| EP1739862B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for soft handoff in a cdma communication system | |
| CN1589541A (en) | Signal measurement apparatus and method for handover in a mobile communication system | |
| JP2002505563A (en) | Telecommunications system for performing wireless telecommunications between mobile and / or stationary transmitters / receivers based on code multiplexing and time division multiplexing | |
| CN1703851A (en) | Frame structure for radio communications system | |
| CN1934804A (en) | Method and apparatus for joint detection in downlink TDD CDMA | |
| CN1792105A (en) | Quality packet radio service for a general packet radio system | |
| CN1338192A (en) | Method for establishing a communication between a user equipment and a radio network | |
| JP2002520922A (en) | Wireless interface for a telecommunications system that performs wireless telecommunications between mobile and / or stationary transceivers | |
| CN1273462A (en) | Pilot signal for synchronous and/or channel estimated | |
| JP2002505564A (en) | Telecommunications system for performing wireless telecommunications between mobile and / or stationary transmitters / receivers based on code multiplexing and time division multiplexing | |
| CN1722640A (en) | A multi-carrier based public physical channel assignment method | |
| JP2002505545A (en) | TDD telecommunications system for performing wireless telecommunications between mobile and / or stationary transmitting / receiving equipment based on code and time division multiplexing | |
| CA2324039A1 (en) | Method for equalizing the propagation delays and optimizing the power level in a radio communication system | |
| CN1205816A (en) | Coexisting communication systems |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |