CN1202758A

CN1202758A - Enclosed circular magnetic fluid generator using pure mercury as working medium

Info

Publication number: CN1202758A
Application number: CN 97112811
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李石开; 孟祥军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-06-18
Filing date: 1997-06-18
Publication date: 1998-12-23

Abstract

In the magnetic fluid generator, the mercury vapor outlet of mercury boiler is connected to the inlet of ionization deivce,the outlet of the ionization device to the inlet of accelerating nozzle, a the outler of the accelerating nozzle to the inlet of magnetic field. There are two electrodes arranged on two sides of the airflow and the magnetic field, the outlet of the magnetic field is connected to the inlet of mercury condensator, liquid mercury outlet of mercury condensator to the inlet of mercury pump, and the outlet of the mercury pump to the liquid mercury inlet of the mercury boiler. The magnetic fluid generator has high heat efficiency, simple structure and low working temperature, and it may operate on any heat source or fuel and may be used in various transport facilities and heat power stations.

Description

With pure mercury is the enclosed circular magnetic fluid generator of working medium

The present invention is to use pure mercury fluid to carry out the device of enclosed circular magnetic fluid generating as working medium.Can be directly, change heat energy into electric energy efficiently.

The basic principle of magnetohydrodynamic generation is to allow the magnetic line of force of the plasma air-flow that can conduct electricity (combustion gas nonionic attitude wherein only works the effect of element ionization such as the potassium that makes adding, caesium) cutting magnetic field, thereby sends electric current.There is the subject matter of five aspects at least in the hydromagnetic generating device of development in the world before this: (one) working temperature is too high, generally more than 2600%, have in addition up to 3400%, the selection of magnetic field, electrode and insulating material and cooling all are difficult to solution.Particularly high temperature and magnetic field constitute sharp contradiction, because the existence of Curie point, will make magnetic field weaken greatly even disappear; (2) must add " seed " (alkali metals such as sodium, potassium, caesium) of realizing ionization in high-temperature fuel gas stream, and " seed " must reclaim so that recycle, make structure become huge and complicated, ion concentration is also not high enough; (3) be not that any fuel all can use; (4) can only send direct current; (5) can only make power station power, can't on small-sized surface carrier, use.Therefore, magnetohydrodynamic generation does not also enter the commercial practical stage at present in the whole world.

Task of the present invention is that structure is a kind of simple light and handy, working temperature is lower, can use the Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of any thermal source or fuel, overcome the deficiency of present hydromagnetic generating device comprehensively, and improve its efficient, make it at various surface carriers, all fields of activity or stationary electric power plant all can be used.

Task of the present invention is achieved in that with the liquid mercury in certain thermal source or the fuel heating mercury boiler and makes it produce mercuryvapour, after reaching design pressure, mercuryvapour enters the acceleration jet pipe, be subjected to effect (the X line of ionizer during through the acceleration jet pipe, ultraviolet ray, the ray of radioactivity unit rope etc. all can be used as ionizer) generation ionization, again at a high speed by permanent magnetic field or excitation field, be provided with electrode with airflow direction both sides vertical with magnetic direction, mercury ion and free electron will assembled on two electrodes respectively under the effect of Lorentz force, thereby formation electrical potential difference, after connecting power circuit, just form operational electric current, mercury ion after the reduction forms mercuryvapour and enters mercury condenser, the liquid mercury that congeals into after cooling is sent the mercury boiler back to mercury air pump again, thereby is finished closed circulation.Because the ionization potential of mercury is low than other element, only 356.6 ℃ of boiling points, during 20 atmospheric pressure, only 582.4 ℃ of the temperature of its saturated steam, even be designed to 50 atmospheric pressure, its working temperature is also much lower than present Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator, so the cooling of magnetic field electrode and insulating material is easy to solution, and does not have the problem that adds and reclaim " seed ", structure is simplified greatly, because boiler can use any fuel and thermal source, thus range of application expand greatly, low owing to working temperature again, can easily change the character of exciting current, thereby send direct current or alternating current,, can not form the leakage pollution of mercury vapor as long as sealing problem solves well.The mercury vapor of generating back reduction still has surplus heat, and can enter thermo-electric generation equipment, also can supply the usefulness of resident living with its cooling water.If with methods such as air-cooled, oil cooling, cooling liquid cooling, its volume will be more compact without water-cooled, also very suitable as the power of electric automobile, train, steamer, submarine etc., and machinery noise can not appear.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is that A-A among Fig. 1 is to profile;

(1) is that mercury boiler (2) is an ionization device among Fig. 1, and (3) are to quicken jet pipe, and (4) are magnetic field, and (5) are mercury condensers, and (6) are that mercury air pump (7) (8) all is electrodes.When the mercuryvapour in the mercury boiler (1) is heated to design pressure when beginning to spray, enter acceleration jet pipe (3) through ionization device (2), be ionized after device (2) ionization mercury ion vapour from jet pipe (3) at a high speed ejection enter magnetic field (4), if magnetic field is the unidirectional magnetic field, then send direct current, if magnetic field is alternating magnetic field, then send alternating current, decide on the character of exciting current.Mercury ion and free electron can be assembled to two electrodes (7) (8) respectively under the effect of Lorentz force, thereby form electrical potential difference, behind the connection power circuit, can provide electric energy.Mercury ion after the reduction liquid mercury that congeals in mercury condenser (5) is sent mercury boiler (1) back to through mercury air pump (6), thereby is finished closed circulation.Because boiler can heat with any thermal source or fuel, the temperature of mercuryvapour is well below the temperature of present magnetohydrodynamic generation, and the problem of material and cooling just solves easily.There are not simultaneously the adding of setting " seed " and the problem of reclaimer.So it is simply light and handy to plant electric generator structure, specific volume power is big, if condenser can be used on electric automobile, train or movable power station, the family's Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with wind, oil, liquid or natural cooling; If can in the power station or have on the steamer, submarine, train of bath apparatus with water cooling, supply condenser used beat water.Make the residence row convenient.Five subject matters that exist in the present hydromagnetic generating device have so just comprehensively been overcome.

Because no combustion gas exists in circulation, and ion concentration improves greatly, generating efficiency must be higher than the theoretical limit of present magnetohydrodynamic generation mode in addition.

By above narration, visible purpose of the present invention reaches.

Claims

1, with pure mercury is the enclosed circular magnetic fluid generator of working medium, by mercury boiler (1), ionization device (2), quicken jet pipe (3), magnetic field (4), mercury condenser (5), mercury air pump (6), electrode (7) (8) is formed, it is characterized in that: the mercuryvapour outlet of mercury boiler (1) links to each other with the inlet of ionization device (2), the outlet of ionization device (2) links to each other with the inlet that quickens jet pipe (3), the outlet of quickening jet pipe (3) links to each other with the inlet of magnetic field (4), and the both sides that magnetic field (4) inherence and airflow direction are vertical with magnetic direction are provided with electrode (7) (8), and the outlet of magnetic field (4) links to each other with the inlet of mercury condenser (5), the liquid mercury outlet of mercury condenser (5) links to each other with the import of mercury air pump (6), and the outlet of mercury air pump (6) links to each other with the liquid mercury inlet of mercury boiler (1).