CN1202283C

CN1202283C - Water-latex tye rust removing and rust protection liquid as well as its preparation method

Info

Publication number: CN1202283C
Application number: CN 02114388
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄奇伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-09-06
Filing date: 2002-09-06
Publication date: 2005-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2022-09-06
Also published as: CN1480559A

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of the surface chemical treatment of metal materials, and relates to water-latex type rust removing and rust preventing liquid and a preparing method thereof. The water-latex type rust removing and rust preventing liquid comprises the ingredients with part by weight: 32 to 38%of H3PO4, 12 to 17 % of aluminum (AL) powder, 1 to 1.4 % of NH4NO3, 0.05 to 0.1% of ALK (SO4)2 and 50 to 55 % of water (H2O). The preparing method comprises: the H3PO4 and the aluminium powder are sufficiently mixed and react to produce aluminum phosphate liquid for standby. The NH4NO3, the ALK (SO4)2 and the water (H2O) are mixed to be added into the produced aluminum phosphate liquid. The pH value of the water-latex type rust removing and rust preventing liquid is controlled to be from 0.5 to 1, and the water-latex type rust removing and rust preventing liquid of the present invention is obtained. The water-latex type rust removing and rust preventing liquid simultaneously has the characteristics of the three kinds of rust removing and rust preventing paint in a penetrating type, a converting type and a stabilizing type. The water-latex type rust removing and rust preventing liquid has the advantages of simple production, convenient use and operation, no environmental pollution in production and use, and no human body health damage, and is a product in an environmental protecting type.

Description

Water emulsion type rust-removing and-preventing liquid and its preparation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical treatment of metal material surfaces, and relates to an aqueous emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The prior coating needs to completely remove rust when the surface of steel is coated, even the metallic luster needs to be completely exposed, which is quite heavy work, at present, many industrial departments adopt semi-mechanical and manual rust removal processes, the labor intensity is high, the production efficiency is low, the construction cost is high, rust dust seriously harms human health, especially large-scale equipment engineering, such as ships, bridges, offshore oil production facilities, heavy machinery and the like, because the construction period is long, the original precoated primer is damaged and rusts again in the construction process, and secondary rust removal is needed. The rusty paint is a novel paint which can be directly coated on the surface of residual rusty steel, is researched from 50 s abroad, is generally applied in 60 s, can bedivided into 3 types, namely a penetration type, a conversion type and a stable type, according to the action principle of the rusty paint and the rust, and after the rusty paint is molded, the surface of the steel is covered by a colored mold. Whether rust removal is thorough or not is known, and from the fact that people contact, the existing anti-theft protective window is characterized in that rust-proof paint is painted on the base, then finish paint is covered, rust stains and finish paint fall off in less than six months outdoors, and the essence is that the inner rust arches the outer paint, so that the rust is accelerated, namely, no matter which kind of rust-carrying paint is, the rust removal is incomplete, and the film-forming rust-proof effect is not ideal. Therefore, at present, the rust-bearing coating at home and abroad is expected to develop towards the direction of saving energy and improving working environment on the basis of the variety of the oily rust-bearing coating. The surface phosphating treatment process for the steel workpiece is developed in the twentieth century and the fifties, forms a complete technology and a reliable production process after search and development of a half century, plays an important role in machining, manufacturing and workpiece appearance surface treatment, and has higher production cost because the production process is more complex, equipment investment is larger at one time, and a sewage treatment facility is required to be matched, so that the surface phosphating treatment process is not generally used in small and medium-sized machining and manufacturing industries in China.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the water emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid which simplifies the traditional complex phosphating process, reduces the one-time investment of phosphating equipment, realizes zero emission of environmental pollutants and has good rust removing and preventing effects and the preparation method thereof.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems of the invention is that the water emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: h₃PO₄32-38 percent of aluminum powder, 12-17 percent of aluminum powder and NH₄NO₃1％-1.4％、AlK(SO₄)₂0.05-0.1 percent of water and 50-55 percent of water.

The manufacturing method is to firstly prepare H₃PO₄Mixing with aluminum powder, reacting to obtain molten aluminum phosphate, and adding NH₄NO₃、ALK(SO₄)₂And mixing water and the prepared aluminum phosphate liquid, and controlling the pH value of the water emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid to be 0.5-1 to obtain the water emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid.

The water emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid has the characteristics of three types of rust removing and preventing coatings, namely, a penetration type rust removing and preventing liquid, a conversion type rust removing and preventing liquid and a stable type rust removing and preventing coating, is extremely simple to produce, convenient to use and operate, does not pollute the environment during production and use, does not harm the health of human bodies, and is an environment-friendly product.

The basic principle of rust removal and prevention of the product of the invention is as follows: when the active steel is exposed in the air and rusted by the action of water, oxygen and other media, the steel finally becomes stable iron compound. In a complex rusting process, the composition of rust and the structure of a rust layer are related to the climatic environment and the rusting time. The initial rust on the surface of the steel and the steel substrate are firmly adhered, but the initial rust is gradually aged and extruded to the surface of the rust layer along with the progress of the rust, so the appearance of the rust layer can be divided into two layers, the outer layer is loose rust (floating rust) which is not firmly adhered to the bottom layer of the steel and can be brushed off by a steel wire brush,the inner layer being rust, it being of steelThe iron substrate is firmly attached and it is hard to remove it completely. In addition, the lattice constants of rust and iron are greatly different, and the lattice constant of iron is 2.86 multiplied by 10^-10m and the lattice constant of ferric oxide is 8.3X 10^-10m, the structure of the rust layer is loose and porous and is not protective, and the loose and porous rust layer often contains a large amount of moisture, so that the substrate continues to be rusted. The rust layer is therefore a loose porous water-containing solid in structural terms. Is a mixture of a stable and harmless rust compound and an active harmful iron compound from the aspect of composition. The two characteristics of the rust layer are completely different from the surface properties of steel after rust removal, so the rust removing and rust preventing paint has the performance of common rust preventing paint, and has two special conditions, namely, the rust layer has enough permeability, namely, the whole loose and porous rust layer can be fully infiltrated and penetrated, so that the rust layer is bonded into a continuous closed coating. Secondly, the active harmful iron compound in the whole rust layer can be passivated or converted into stable harmless filler. Only if these two conditions are met, can the surface be adapted to the special surface of the rust layer. In the water emulsion system, water is a polar solvent and can permeate, fully infiltrate and permeate the whole loose and porous rust layer by matching with a trace amount of surfactant in the system; al in other system³⁺With Fe₂O₃、Fe₃O₄The oxide is fully reacted and dissolved in an acid system, to achieve passivation or conversion of the active harmful iron compounds in the rust layer, i.e. PO₄ ^3-And Fe³⁺The formed polymer phosphorization mold not only can stabilize the rust layer, but also has good corrosion-resistant passivation effect on the surface of steel and the rust layer, and the phosphorization structure is shown in figure 1. The antirust performance of the film layer comes from that Fe belongs to cubic lattice, and AlK (SO) is added in the invention₄)₂Can keep the aqueous dispersion medium stable at normal temperature. Fe atom accounts for 68% of the total volume, Al atom belongs to face-centered cubic tightly packed lattice, Al accounts for 74% of the total volume, obviously, after Al deposits and covers the surface of a workpiece, the space utilization rate is increased by 6% compared with that of the bulk iron, andthe formed oxide film is more stable, the finished piece does not generate rust spots indoors for six months without being covered with finish paint, and the color and luster of the rust-proof film layer are deepened and the hardness is increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of phosphating formed on a steel surface according to the present invention, in which a shaded portion in the bottom is an iron member.

Detailed Description

The following are non-limiting examples of the invention:

example 1: weighing H₃PO₄33 parts of aluminum powder, 15 parts of NH₄NO₃1 part of AlK (SO)₄)₂0.05 part of water and 50 parts of water (all parts by weight) are firstly added with H₃PO₄Mixing 33 parts of aluminum powder and 15 parts of aluminum powder, fully reacting to prepare molten aluminum phosphate for later use, and then adding NH₄NO₃1 part of AlK (SO)₄)₂0.05 part of water and 50 parts of water are mixed uniformly and then are mixed with the prepared phosphoric acid solution, and the water emulsion type rust removing and preventing solution is obtained. The water-emulsion rust removing and preventing liquid is used for a steel ball with the diameter of 15 meters on the roof of a building for an experiment, floating rust is removed by a wire brush before painting, two layers are coated by the water-emulsion rust removing and preventing liquid, and after finishing paint is covered for decoration, no rust is generated within one year after the natural conditions of wind blowing, rain spraying, burning sun and cold wind are detected. The adhesive force with the paint film reaches the first grade.

Example 2: get H₃PO₄34% of aluminum powder, 13% of NH₄NO₃1％、AlK(SO₄)₂0.1 percent of water and 51.9 percent of water are prepared into 5 tons of the water emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid for soaking rust removing and preventing of steel parts. The working procedures are only 2 times, namely soaking (derusting, rust preventing and phosphorizing) for 5-20 minutes and naturally drying. The product can be used 100%, and is colorless, transparent, nonvolatile, and has pH of 0.5, and when the stock solution is used for multiple times, if the pH value is greater than 1, the stock solution is added to make the pH value less than or equal to 1, and the product can be continuously usedAnd the quality is not affected when the adhesive is used. Basically realizes zero emission of pollution and improves the production conditions of operators.

Claims

1. The water emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: h₃PO₄32-38 percent of aluminum powder, 12-17 percent of aluminum powder and NH₄NO₃1％-1.4％、AlK(SO₄)₂0.05-0.1 percent of water and 50-55 percent of water.

2. The method for preparing the water emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH value of the water emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid is controlled to be 0.5-1.

3. A method for preparing the water-emulsion rust-removing and-preventing liquid as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that H is firstly added₃PO₄Mixing with aluminum powder, reacting to obtain molten aluminum phosphate, and adding NH₄NO₃、ALK(SO₄)₂And mixing the water with the prepared aluminum phosphate liquid to obtain the water emulsion type rust removing and preventing liquid.