CN1201020C - Cooling system for metallurgical smelting furnace - Google Patents

Cooling system for metallurgical smelting furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1201020C
CN1201020C CN01820346.9A CN01820346A CN1201020C CN 1201020 C CN1201020 C CN 1201020C CN 01820346 A CN01820346 A CN 01820346A CN 1201020 C CN1201020 C CN 1201020C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cooling
smelting furnace
cooling system
water
water coolant
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN01820346.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1479791A (en
Inventor
罗伯特·施梅勒
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Paul Wurth SA
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Paul Wurth SA
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Publication of CN1479791A publication Critical patent/CN1479791A/en
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/10Cooling; Devices therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/24Cooling arrangements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cooling system for a metallurgical smelting furnace, containing a cooling element (16i; i=1, 2, 3, 4) which is integrated into a wall in the metallurgical smelting furnace and which contains at least one internal cooling refrigerating channel (18i; i=1, 2, 3, 4). A predetermined cool water volume flow (Qi; i=1, 2, 3, 4) passes through said channel, guaranteeing the required cooling performance. The cooling system is embodied in such a way that a static absolute pressure which is less than the atmospheric pressure at the place of installation of the metallurgical smelting furnace is produced in the greater part of the at least one internal cooling channel (18i; i=;1, 2, 3, 4) of said predetermined cooling water flow (Qi; i=1, 2, 3, 4). A preliminarily container (24) for cooling water is arranged at a higher position than the cooling element(s) (16i; i=;1, 2, 3, 4) so that the geodesic superrelevation thereof determines the rest pressure in the cooling circuit.

Description

The cooling system that metallurgical smelting furnace is used
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cooling system that metallurgical smelting furnace is used.
Background technology
At present, crucible type or the used most of cooling systems of vertical two kinds of metallurgical smelting furnaces all are designed to airtight cooling water system.This system comprises the cooling unit that is combined into integral body with the furnace wall and cooling duct is housed.The water coolant cooling duct of pump pump through cooling unit.Adopt the static pressure in air cushion holdout device such as the case, with the each point static pressure that guarantees cooling duct in the scopes of number crust.Such cooling system is called " pressure circulation system " hereinafter.On the one hand, the vaporization temperature of water coolant is owing to the overvoltage in the cooling duct raises, and this safety to cooling system has sure influence, because the formation of steam can reduce cooling capacity greatly, and causes the local superheating of cooling unit thus.Yet from another point of view, people know this pressure circulation system already and are used for metallurgical furnace and are not safe from danger for a long time.Even because very little seepage is arranged, all can make relatively large water coolant enter smelting furnace, thereby cause the damage of refractory lining, in some cases, even cause fierce blast, for example, in water coolant accumulates in smelting furnace and when covering for liquid metal subsequently.
In order to prevent these dangerous situations, the sprinkling cooling system of understanding for people still is being used for metallurgical smelting furnace always over more than 100 years already.Yet this cooling system provides till the ass ascends the ladder as being combined in the same cooling capacity of cooling unit in the furnace wall, and also is a problem especially with regard to its maintenance.
The cooling system of spray water has developed into the cooling system of alternative pressure circulation system " novel ".This system comprises cooling tank, and it is combined in the furnace wall, and in an inner room many nozzles is arranged, and is used for the inwall sprinkling water coolant in the face of the chamber of furnace interior.Most of overvoltage in the nozzle is lowered, so that have only very little overvoltage to be stored in the cooling tank.However, make the appropriate litigation fees height of the cooling system of this spray water, but also in the furnace wall, occupy very large space.
Some part of it should be noted that metallurgical smelting furnace is not for security reasons still cooled off.For example, the bottom that is used for the electric arc furnace of electric steel factory is exactly this situation.
Suggestion already makes the cooling system of metallurgical smelting furnace produce negative pressure.Be intended that when cooling unit generation minor leakage and prevent that water coolant from entering smelting furnace.For example, the solution of this character of furnace wall refrigerative of relevant electric arc furnace, just open as far back as United States Patent (USP)s in 1984 4,603,423.This cooling system comprises service pump, the storage tank of water coolant, reducing valve, the cooling unit that is connected in parallel, off-gas pump and gas separator.Service pump is sent into water coolant the cooling unit through reducing valve from storage tank, and the pressure following current of reducing valve is lower than normal atmosphere.Suction pump is used for drawing water coolant through cooling unit and oppositely is pressed into storage tank through gas separator again.Similarly the negative pressure cooling system is described among the JP09287733.
Why such negative pressure cooling system does not also obtain the extensive admittance of metallurgical smelting furnace so far, and most possible reason is to have many doubts with regard to its security.In fact, even slight pressure surge also can cause the overheated of cooling unit.
Goal of the invention
The reliable cooling system that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of metallurgical smelting furnace to use, this system is than known pressure recycle system safety, it guarantees that cooling capacity is higher than conventional sprinkling cooling system, allow to use than compacter, the simpler cooling unit of known spray water cooling system, and more safer than the negative pressure cooling system that has proposed at present.Purpose of the present invention can be finished by means of the cooling system of protection that claim 1 is carried.
The description of invention
The present invention is used for the cooling system of metallurgical smelting furnace, comprises at least one cooling unit, and this unit is incorporated into the furnace wall of metallurgical smelting furnace.Title " furnace wall " comprises the sidewall of smelting furnace and the furnace bottom or the bell of smelting furnace.The cooling unit of a minimum has an inner cooling tube at least, the predetermined cooling-water flowing of guaranteeing necessary cooling capacity this pipe of flowing through.Cooling system also comprises storage tank and at least one cooling-water pump that at least one water coolant is used in addition, and this pump is used to extract the water coolant that has heated at cooling unit, and again with its blowback storage tank.In this case, cooling system is to become a kind of like this form according to the waterpower principle design, and with predetermined cooling-water flowing, the largest portion in described at least one inner cooling tube, the static pressure of existence are lower than at the environmental stress that the metallurgical smelting furnace zone is installed.In other words, in described at least one cooling unit, more the water coolant overvoltage can not appear with environmental stress.Even this just means that cooling unit has small seepage, water coolant can not enter smelting furnace yet.On the contrary, as the result of seepage, ambient air or furnace gas are drawn in the inside cooling tube of cooling unit.Owing to suck furnace gas, by the direct leakage monitoring of gas-detecting device.Therefore, the Generally Recognized as safe to people and equipment has clear improvement.The shortcoming of well-known sprinkling cooling system is through the water coolant of the inside of cooling unit cooling tube and can eliminate by controlling flow.Manufacturing to the necessary cooling unit of cooling system of the present invention is compacter, more cheap than the cooling tank of spray water.It should be noted that cooling system of the present invention is suitable for the use of crucible type and vertical metallurgical smelting furnace.In this case, might a partial design become negative pressure system with the smelting furnace cooling system.For example, the stove cooling in metallurgical smelting furnace special hazard zone can be designed to by negative pressure system of the present invention, but other parts of smelting furnace still are conventional overpressure system.Cooling system of the present invention advantageously has the feed-tank that water coolant is used, and it is installed in the top of described at least one cooling unit, and wherein keeps normal atmosphere.Described feed-tank is to described at least one cooling unit cooling water supply, and can determine the static pressure or the intake pressure of maximum in the cooling recirculation system by its geodetic altitude.This has formed the expansion container of water coolant.Because intake pressure stationary fixing, so the pressure wave kinetic energy basically eliminate of danger in the cooling system.Contrast known negative pressure cooling system, this point has significantly been improved the security of cooling system of the present invention.
Using cooling system of the present invention, might for example be the furnace bottom cooling system that metallurgical electric arc furnace produces safety.Advantageously, cooling system of the present invention equally also can be used as the bell cooling system in the metallurgical electric arc furnace of this class.Cooling system of the present invention especially advantageously is applicable to the furnace bottom cooling of blast furnace.Under all these situations, the height airtightness of cooling system of the present invention is a particularly important.
Usually design of Cooling System is become the airtight recycle system, that is to say, this cooling system has recooling system and at least a cooling-water pump.Cooling-water pump shifts out the water coolant that heats in cooling unit, through at least a recooling system it is sent back to water tank again.Yet, might operate cooling system as the open cooling system of operation equally, that is to say, reflux to feed-tank supply fresh water and eliminating hot water.
Advantageously, degassing case is installed between cooling-water pump (a plurality of) and the cooling unit (a plurality of).Gas-detecting device can detect furnace gas of being separated by water coolant in the degassing case and the seepage of indicating stove district internal cooling system.
In a preferred specific embodiments, degassing case comprises the gas space of water coolant top and is used for producing in this gas space the vacuum pump of vacuum tightness.
In cooling system of the present invention, the cooling plate of solid copper or cast iron can be advantageously used for cooling unit.Yet, in some zone of smelting furnace, do not get rid of comb and coiled pipe and be more cheap.
Description of drawings
To describe specific embodiments of the present invention hereinafter by means of accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 shows the interface chart of cooling system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of change scheme that is shown in the degassing case of the cooling system among Fig. 1.
By means of accompanying drawing the preferred embodiments of the invention are described
Fig. 1 represents the cooling system simplification interface chart that metallurgical smelting furnace is used.The cooling recirculation system of smelting furnace is decided to be 10.This cooling recirculation system 10 comprises water coolant standpipe 12 and water coolant backflow collector 14.Several cooling units 16 i(i=1,2,3,4) are connected between water coolant standpipe 12 and the water coolant backflow collector 14.Shown in cooling unit 16 i(i=1,2,3,4) are by for example copper or castiron cooling plate, this plate and the cooling tube 18 that is used for water coolant i(i=1,2,3,4) become as a whole.These cooling plates 16 i(i=1,2,3,4) are installed in the inside of outer furnace shell, and are covered by refractory lining usually, it should be noted that these cooling units 16 i(i=1,2,3,4) also can be called " cooling stave " on specialty.
Each cooling unit 16 i(i=1,2,3,4) all have valve 20 in its feedwater connects i(i=1,2,3,4) with in being connected of its backflow, all have valve 22 i(i=1,2,3,4).These valves 20i and valve 22 iCan make corresponding cooling unit 16 i(i=1,2,3,4) separate with cooling recirculation system 10.Design makes this two kinds of valves 20 equally like this iWith 22 iIn at least a can fine tuning corresponding cooling unit 16 iThe pressure-losses in (i=1,2,3,4).All cooling units 16 i(i=1,2,3,4) all are parallel the connection in Fig. 1.Yet, do not get rid of cooling recirculation system 10 and can comprise the cooling unit that is connected in series yet.
Label 24 is decided to be the water coolant feed-tank, and it is installed in the top of water coolant standpipe 12.Feed-tank 24 communicates with atmosphere by vent pipe 25, keeps normal atmosphere above causing the water coolant in the feed-tank 24.Water coolant can also flow into water coolant standpipe 12 from feed-tank 24 with low amount through feedwater piping 26.If needed, but water shoot 27 emptying feed-tanks 24 enter in the drainageway 28 water.In addition, overflow device 29 is ended in described water shoot 27 equally.
Label 30 among Fig. 1 is decided to be airtight degassing case, and water coolant flows into this degassing case from backflow collector 14.Vacuum pump 32 is connected with described degassing case 30.Produce negative pressure in the gas space 33 of vacuum pump above water coolant.What be worth emphasizing is, degassing case 30 is divided into by dividing plate 34 and injects case 36 and suction box 38.Water coolant flows into through return tube 40 and injects case 36, and most of solid particulate of being brought into by water coolant is deposited on injection case 36.When a little higher than dividing plate 34 of the water coolant level of the degassing in the case 30, water coolant just flows into suction box 38 and can also flow into suction tube 42.Vacuum pump 32 for example can be the squirt pump by means of the pressurized air operation.Label 44 is decided to be compressed air source (being compressed-air actuated compressor or compressed-air actuated system of distribution), and squirt pump 32 source therewith connects to produce air-intake, jet.Air-intake, jet produces vacuum tightness in degassing case 30.As shown in Figure 1, the outlet pipe of squirt pump 32 is connected with water trap 48 by off-air pipe 46, and here the water coolant that is sucked by degassing case 30 separates with off-air.Water trap 48 for example can be installed in the top of feed-tank 24, so that make isolating water coolant return to water tank 24 by gravity through pipeline 50.
Suction tube 42 links to each other with low-pressure charging station 52, and this station for example comprises two pumps that are connected in parallel 54 and 56, always has one in the pump 54 and 56 in operation, and another is standby.When being impeller pump as pump 54 and 56, the worthwhile required NPSH value of this impeller pump that so must be higher than of the existing NPSH of equipment (net pressure head).Therefore if necessary, impeller pump must be installed in certain height that is lower than under the degassing case 30.Yet,, also can use the insensitive pump in hole for fear of using dark pump shaft.
Thus, pump 54,56 is connected with degassing case 30 by suction tube 42 in suction one side.Be connected with feed-tank 24 by pressure pipeline 58 in pressure one side.The recooling system 60 that water coolant is used is installed in the pressure pipeline 58.Thus, pump 54,56 with water coolant from degassing case 30, and in the blowback feed-tank 24 through recooling system 60.Label 62 is decided to be the fresh water pipeline, and the loss of water can obtain replenishing or changing whereby.
According to key character of the present invention, cooling system becomes so a kind of form according to the waterpower principle design, so that cooling duct 18 iLargest portion under predetermined cooling-water flowing, keep static pressure, this pressure is lower than the barometric point of metallurgical smelting furnace installation region.In Fig. 1, Q i(i=1,2,3,4) are defined in corresponding cooling unit 16 iNecessary predetermined cooling-water flowing in (i=1,2,3,4) is in the temperature of being scheduled to shift out necessary heat under the feedwater and recover water coolant.To each cooling unit 16 iFeedwater piping all be designed to like this so that cooling duct 18 iInlet be in very little vacuum tightness.The water coolant cooling water pipeline 18 of flowing through from top to bottom iAt cooling water pipeline 18 iIn, static pressure is subjected to local and line pressure loss (expended energy), the influence of the cross section of pipeline (speed energy and gradient (potential energy)).It should be noted that the loss of pressure and the minimizing energy gas clean-up (being that static absolute pressure reduces) of pipeline section, and gradient can reduce vacuum tightness (being that static absolute pressure raises).Have under the even pipeline section, to be connected to the vacuum tightness of returning between connection from feedwater and slowly to raise in order to make, the minimizing of the energy specific potential energy of loss must increase a little hurry up.
Accurately calculating the existing static pressure of each point in the cooling recirculation system 10, is very important for control space problem.Yet, being used to calculate the modern computer programs of pipeline flow, it is no problem that this point is said the professional.Can reach enough safety in order to prevent from cavitation to occur in the cooling duct, the static absolute pressure of any point in the cooling recirculation system 10 should not be lower than kP D, k is greater than 1 safety coefficient and P DBe the evaporating pressure of water coolant under the highest temperature of cooling water.It is contemplated that for example when 40 ℃ the highest water coolant returned temperature, the static absolute pressure of any point in the cooling recirculation system should not be lower than 0.4 crust.
Cooling unit 16 i(i=1,2,3,4) though in vacuum tightness guarantee in cooling recirculation system 10 to occur very little seepage and also do not have water coolant and enter in the smelting furnace.In contrast, air or furnace gas are owing to seepage is sucked in the cooling recirculation system 10.In Fig. 1, label 70 is decided to be gas controlling device, and when seepage appearred in cooling recirculation system 10, this proofing unit can be made the furnace gas of the gas space 33 that accumulates in degassing case 30 and being replied.The operator of smelting furnace can receive the reliable indication that seepage appears in cooling recirculation system 10 soon by this gas-detecting device 70.
As the case 30 that outgases is installed in the below that significantly is lower than backflow collector 14, if necessary, can save vacuum pump 32.Fig. 2 represents such degassing case 130.This degassing case places a certain geodetic altitude H that is lower than backflow collector 14 and is connected with it by means of the Returning pipe 40 with very little pressure-losses, causes the static absolute pressure of the water coolant in the Returning pipe 40 to raise sharp and makes the static absolute pressure in the backflow collector 14 be higher than normal atmosphere a little.Therefore, the degassing in the degassing case 30 can realize by means of leading to atmospheric simple ventilator 132.In Fig. 2, label 134 is decided to be the gas controlling device that can reply furnace gas, and when cooling recirculation system 10 seepages, furnace gas accumulates in the forward position of the scavenging air valve 132 of degassing case 130, opens up to scavenging air valve.By means of this monitoring device 132, the operator of smelting furnace can receive the reliable indication that has formed seepage in the cooling recirculation system 10 very fast.

Claims (7)

1. cooling system that metallurgical smelting furnace is used comprises:
At least a cooling unit (16 iI=1 or 2 or 3 or 4), this unit is combined in the furnace wall of metallurgical smelting furnace and has at least a inner cooling duct (18 iI=1 or 2 or 3 or 4), Yu Ding cooling-water flowing (Q iI=1 or 2 or 3 or 4) this pipeline of flowing through, thus necessary cooling capacity guaranteed;
The storage tank that at least a water coolant is used; With
At least a cooling unit (16 that is pumped in iI=1 or 2 or 3 or 4) heated water coolant and with the cooling-water pump (54,56) of its blowback storage tank in;
Cooling system causes described at least a inner cooling duct (18 according to the waterpower principle design iI=1 or 2 or 3 or 4) largest portion is at predetermined cooling-water flowing (Q iI=1 or 2 or 3 or 4) under, keep static absolute pressure, this pressure is less than the barometric point that the metallurgical smelting furnace place is installed;
It is characterized in that,
The storage tank of water coolant is to be made by the feed-tank (24) that water coolant is used, and it is installed in and is higher than described at least one cooling unit (16 iI=1 or 2 or 3 or 4) above.
2. by the described cooling system of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be installed between at least one cooling-water pump (54,56) and the feed-tank (24) according to waterpower principle recooling system (60).
3. by the described cooling system in the claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that being installed in cooling-water pump (54,56) and described at least one cooling unit (16 according to the waterpower principle iI=1 or 2 or 3 or 4) degassing case (30,130) between; Be used for detecting with degassing case (30,130) in the gas controlling device (70,134) used of the furnace gas separated of water coolant.
4. by the described cooling system of claim 2, the top gas space (33) of the water coolant in the case (30) that it is characterized in that outgasing; With the vacuum pump of using for the generation of the gas space (33) above water coolant vacuum tightness (32).
5. by the described cooling system of claim 1, it is characterized in that described at least a cooling unit (16 i, i=1 or 2 or 3 or 4) and be by copper or castiron solid cooled plate.
6. metallurgical smelting furnace, it comprises the described cooling system of at least a aforementioned any one claim.
7. by the described metallurgical smelting furnace of claim 6, it comprises at least a by any one cools off described cooling system at the bottom of as smelting furnace in the aforementioned claim.
CN01820346.9A 2000-12-11 2001-12-11 Cooling system for metallurgical smelting furnace Expired - Fee Related CN1201020C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU90693A LU90693B1 (en) 2000-12-11 2000-12-11 Kuehlsystem fuer einen metallurgischen Schmelzofen
LU90693 2000-12-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1479791A CN1479791A (en) 2004-03-03
CN1201020C true CN1201020C (en) 2005-05-11

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CN01820346.9A Expired - Fee Related CN1201020C (en) 2000-12-11 2001-12-11 Cooling system for metallurgical smelting furnace

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EP (1) EP1346067B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1201020C (en)
AT (1) ATE283375T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002216099A1 (en)
DE (1) DE50104637D1 (en)
LU (1) LU90693B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002048406A1 (en)

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FI120850B (en) * 2008-02-11 2010-03-31 Outotec Oyj Method and arrangement for measuring at least one physical quantity, such as temperature, flow, or pressure, of a cooling fluid flowing in a single cycle of a cooling element of a metallurgical furnace
UA102520C2 (en) * 2009-12-29 2013-07-25 Украинский Государственный Научно-Технический Центр Технологии И Оборудования, Обработки Металлов, Защиты Окружающей Среды И Использования Вторичных Ресурсов Для Металлургии И Машиностроения "Энергосталь" COOLING system OF METALLURGICAL UNIT
UA102226C2 (en) * 2009-12-29 2013-06-25 Государственное Предприятие "Украинский Научно-Технический Центр Металлургической Промышленности "Энергосталь" COOLING UNIT for steel assembly
UA102519C2 (en) * 2009-12-29 2013-07-25 Государственное Предприятие "Украинский Научно-Технический Центр Металлурческой Промышленности "Энергосталь" COOLING system OF METALLURGICAL UNIT
RU2487947C1 (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-07-20 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Медногорский Медно-Серный Комбинат" Method of cooling metallurgical furnace assemblies and device to this end
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CN105716429B (en) * 2016-03-21 2017-12-22 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Cooling system
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LU500112B1 (en) * 2021-04-30 2022-10-31 Wurth Paul Sa Cooling system of a metallurgical furnace
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CN115627310A (en) * 2022-11-09 2023-01-20 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 Cooling device and method for responding to local temperature rise of side wall of blast furnace hearth

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DE50104637D1 (en) 2004-12-30
EP1346067B1 (en) 2004-11-24
ATE283375T1 (en) 2004-12-15
WO2002048406A1 (en) 2002-06-20
AU2002216099A1 (en) 2002-06-24
LU90693B1 (en) 2002-06-12
CN1479791A (en) 2004-03-03
EP1346067A1 (en) 2003-09-24

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