CN1198311C - Glow-discharge lamp, illuminator and electrode for glow-discharge lamp use - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a glow discharge lamp which can improve spattering of electron emission material, shorten the starting time and improve starting characteristics substantially. This glow charge lamp is furnished with an discharge container 1, a pair of electrodes 2, 3, an discharge medium and an electron emission material 4 made of zinc alloy supported at least by the one 3 of a pair of the electrodes 2, 3. It is possible to use, for example, zinc - nickel alloy as the zinc alloy. In this case, 2-15 mass % is within a favorable range of the contents of nickel. The zinc alloy to be used as the electron emission material 4 raises its melting point in comparison with zinc, its dissipation due to spattering is restrained, and accordingly, electric discharge starting time is shortened for a longevity guaranteeing period, and as gas emission is reduced, rise of electric discharge starting voltage is extremely small.

Description

Glow-discharge lamp, ligthing paraphernalia and glow-discharge lamp electrode

Technical field

The present invention relates to be suitable as glow-discharge lamp, the ligthing paraphernalia that adopts this glow-discharge lamp and glow-discharge lamp electrode that the glow starter that starts discharge lamp etc. or thermal resistance polar form fluorescent lamp is used.

Background technology

Glow-discharge lamp was many in the past as the glow starter or the display lamp that start discharge lamps such as cold-cathode discharge lamp or hot cathode type fluorescent lamp.

The glow-discharge lamp of glow starter etc. has the trend that in the dark prolongs start-up time, so wish to shorten this start-up time.

In addition, be discharge delay time, glow discharge duration, shut-in time and pulse generating time sum for glow starter start-up time.

The reason that prolong start-up time in the dark is, the quantity delivered deficiency of initiating electron, and discharge delay time prolongs.

In the past, in order to shorten discharge delay time, taked following radioisotopic scheme.

With trace ¹⁴⁷Radioisotopes such as Pm are coated near the electrode, or by the electrochemical method lining, plate thereon with metals such as Ni (conventional art 1) again.

Will ⁸⁵Kr, ³Gaseous radioactivity isotopes such as H are enclosed in the discharge vessel (conventional art 2).

Conventional art 1 and 2 and since can utilize radioisotope in advance will be at ordinary times discharge medium in the discharge vessel carry out ionization, when lighting a lamp, can begin discharge thus rapidly, so the effect of shortening discharge delay time is very remarkable.

But,, and, also require to carry out strict control for safety operation even the isotope of trace also requires manufacturing facility must satisfy the radioactive ray safety standard.

In view of above-mentioned shortcoming, also groping not adopt radioisotopic scheme.

In Japanese patent laid-open 10-255724 communique, disclosed the technology (conventional art 3) that adopts fluorophor with long afterglow.

According to the conventional art, even in the dark, also there is twilight sunset to be incident to the electrode surface part, launch photoelectron therefrom, owing to supplied with initiating electron, therefore shortened discharge delay time.

But, utilizing fluorophor with long afterglow, it can keep the limited time of needed amount of persistence.

According to above-mentioned document, for FL15 type fluorescent lamp, the time of in the dark keeping required amount of persistence, after for example lighting a lamp 30 minutes with the light quantity of 100lx, its limit is that 60 hours (2.5 days) were to 90 hours (3.75 days).

In addition, the fluorophor with long afterglow must be arranged on the position that outside luminous energy shines, and is therefore restricted to shell, can not use the light-proofness material.

In addition, open in the clear 54-64873 communique, disclosed to utilize to electroplate and waited with the zinc covering electrodes to shorten the technology (conventional art 4) of start-up time in the dark the Japan Patent spy.

In conventional art 4, even zinc-plated film surface oxidation, its oxide surface layer is also utilized glow discharge and is splashed, and forms cleaning and quite active surface.

In addition, the impurity interior owing to zinc atom that splashes and discharge vessel combines, and attached to the glass tube inwall, discharge medium is purified, and also suppresses to emit impurity from canals of stilling simultaneously.

Thereby, according to conventional art 4, launch initiating electron easily from electrode surface, eliminated the shortcoming among the conventional art 1-3.

Summary of the invention

But the present inventor is through research, in conventional art 4, the zinc that bimetal leaf movable electrode or fixed electrode are covered, disappear from electrode in the usually sputter (splashing), and short time, can not keep the short time starting characteristic along with glow discharge or high pressure pulse discharge.

In addition, though increase and shorten along with the thickness of zinc start-up time, and have the shortcoming of making difficulty, electrical characteristic variation etc.

If particularly suppress sputter and improve the air pressure of discharge medium, then starting beginning voltage rises, and therefore has the shortcoming that discharge delay time prolongs, the discharge time started prolongs.

In addition, for conventional art 4, known existence discharge beginning probability is with the big or small shortcoming that changes of the thickness of zinc.

In addition, in conventional art 4, though because electronic emission material adopts zinc, thereby discharge ionization voltage is descended, but existing problems are, electronic emission material slow consumption in use, and the ground discharge ionization voltage that interrelates with it rises, becoming is difficult to discharge, result's needed time lengthening of discharging.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of glow-discharge lamp that can shorten start-up time, improve the starting characteristic of dark place, the ligthing paraphernalia that adopts this glow-discharge lamp and glow-discharge lamp electrode.

In addition, the object of the present invention is to provide the sputter (splashing) that reduces electronic emission material significantly to remove the impurity in the gas, glow-discharge lamp, glow starter, the ligthing paraphernalia that adopts them and the glow-discharge lamp electrode that the inhibition undesired discharging postpones and discharge ionization voltage rises simultaneously.

Have again, the object of the present invention is to provide the glow starter of steady operation in a kind of decline that in use suppresses again operating voltage, the use and use the ligthing paraphernalia of this glow starter.

The glow-discharge lamp of the present invention's the 1st form, it is characterized in that, have the pair of electrodes of installing in the discharge vessel, discharge vessel, enclose in the discharge vessel based on the discharge medium of rare gas and overlayed in the pair of electrodes at least one side and by fusing point at electronic emission material more than 450 ℃, that kirsite constitutes.

The glow-discharge lamp of the present invention's the 2nd form, it is characterized in that having the pair of electrodes of installing in the discharge vessel, discharge vessel, enclose discharge medium in the discharge vessel, overlayed at least one side in the pair of electrodes and thickness is that 1.0-10 μ m is the electronic emission material of Main Ingredients and Appearance with zinc based on rare gas.

The glow-discharge lamp of the present invention's the 3rd form, it is characterized in that, in above-mentioned the 1st form or the 2nd form, have the pair of electrodes of installing in the discharge vessel, discharge vessel, be enclosed in that at least a and neon (Ne) with in krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe) and the argon (Ar) in the discharge vessel mixes and the mist that constitutes be main body discharge medium, be formed on the electronic emission material that contains zinc at least one side of pair of electrodes.

The glow-discharge lamp of this form and following each form has discharge vessel, pair of electrodes, discharge medium and electronic emitting material as basic constituent element.Only otherwise specify, the definition and the art-recognized meanings of these terms are as follows.

＜glow-discharge lamp 〉

Glow-discharge lamp one speech of the present invention comprises and shows the discharge lamp of working with the generation glow discharge of glow lamp, cold cathode type fluorescent lamp, glow starter etc.

＜discharge vessel 〉

Discharge vessel by have high-air-tightness, processability and stable on heating material for example glass form, and in inside effective discharge space.

In addition, even in glass, soft glass is having superiority aspect processability and the cost.

＜electrode 〉

Glow-discharge lamp of the present invention has a pair of so-called cold cathode, does not have thermionic emission materials.

Showing that pair of electrodes is all fixed with in the glow-discharge lamp.

With last different being, at least one electrode is the movable electrode with bimetal leaf in the glow starter.

In glow starter, can be the form of fixed electrode and movable electrode combination promptly, also can all be the form that movable electrode is made up.

In addition, no matter any discharge lamp all is that pair of electrodes is installed in the discharge vessel.

The bimetal leaf that is fit to glow starter, can adopt having the 1st of the 1st thermal coefficient of expansion and making the 2nd with Ni-Cr-Fe alloy, Ni-Mn-Fe alloy, Mn-Cu-Ni alloy or Cr-Cu-Ni alloy and utilize the sheet metal of putting that method such as welding directly fits of for example the Fe-Ni alloy being made, perhaps adopt in sandwich to have the 3rd of the intermediate heat coefficient of expansion and the bimetal leaf of applying indirectly with the 2nd thermal coefficient of expansion.

Utilize the heat that the glow discharge that produces between electrode takes place that temperature is risen, along with temperature rises, movable electrode deforms, reach more than the setting in temperature, and for example 50-150 ℃ the time, the pair of electrodes contact.

The inter-electrode short-circuit owing to contact, glow discharge stops, and then the movable electrode temperature descends, and pair of electrodes is separately.

In glow starter,, interelectrode distance is set at about 0.1-2mm in order to shorten the duration of glow discharge as far as possible.

In addition, be installed in the assigned position in the discharge vessel in order to make pair of electrodes keep the interelectrode distance of regulation, can adopt stem, use in advance the support of interelectrode distance assembling in accordance with regulations.

Stem can suitably adopt loud-speaker type stem or spherical stem.

In addition,, can suppress surface discharge and take place, prevent that pulse voltage from descending by with the stem surface between the megohmite insulant covering electrodes.

＜discharge medium 〉

Discharge medium is based on rare gas, can adopt argon (Ar), neon (Ne) or their mist, it is desirable to mist that at least a gas in krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe) and the argon (Ar) is mixed with neon (Ne) especially, with authorized pressure for example 650-13300Pa, preferably enclose in the discharge vessel with 2600-10700Pa.

In addition, the voltage decline in order to shorten the glow discharge duration, to increase glow current or in use suppress to work again also can mix helium (He), hydrogen or organic gas etc. in discharge medium.

Here, in discharge medium, must adopt neon, thereby according to well-known Paschen (Paschen) theorem, the air pressure range of above-mentioned interelectrode distance and discharge medium is superior for ionization property especially, therefore can reduces discharge ionization voltage.And, even be the sputter of the electronic emission material of Main Ingredients and Appearance in order to suppress with zinc, and the pressure of rising discharge medium, discharge ionization voltage does not rise substantially yet.

In order to utilize the principle of Peng Ning (Penning) effect, with the argon combination, be 20% below, all the other are that discharge ionization voltage significantly descends under the situation of neon at argon.

In addition, discharge medium only be neon or utilize neon and the mist situation of the penning effect of argon under, confirm that by experiment discharge ionization voltage all descends with operating voltage again.

This is after operating voltage is meant discharge lamp lighting again, and glow starter is for task again and short circuit, must be added in magnitude of voltage between pair of electrodes.

This again operating voltage if be lower than below the setting, then in the discharge lamp lighting process, because glow starter work, the pair of electrodes short circuit, therefore along with this short circuit produces, discharge lamp extinguishes, and then light a lamp, so repeat such phenomenon, so must avoid again operating voltage to descend as far as possible.

So, mix with the neon of discharge medium Main Ingredients and Appearance by at least a gas krypton, xenon and argon, can confirm to suppress the sputter of electronic emission material, and can access desirable discharge ionization voltage and operating voltage again, suppress again operating voltage and descend, also can keep sufficiently high operating voltage again at end of lifetime.

＜electronic emission material 〉

Electronic emission material is set, makes the part of at least one in pair of electrodes of its lining or almost whole.

Electronic emission material comprises zinc monomer or kirsite at least.

Unqualified for formation with other metal species of the alloy of zinc.

For example, can adopt one or more that select among Ag, Al, Au, Ba, Be, Ce, Co, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ge, La, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pd, Pt, Te, Ti, W and the Zr for other metal.

Here, in combinations thereof that Ni is best as the effect of the kirsite of other composition, and also cheap.

In addition, Co, Fe, Cu, Al, Mn, Cr or Mo is also relatively good as the effect of the kirsite of other composition, and also cheap.

In order to improve anti-sputter, the fusing point of kirsite is preferably in more than 450 ℃.

And for the manufacturing process's ratio that makes kirsite is easier to, fusing point is preferably in 550-830 ℃ the scope.

In addition, for the electron emission characteristic that obtains stipulating, what the containing ratio of zinc was more satisfactory is more than 50 quality %, preferably in the scope of 65-98 quality %.

For film like zinc or kirsite are set, for example can adopt methods such as plating, hot-dip coated, vacuum evaporation, CVD or ion plating on electrode.

In addition, utilize these methods, can easily control thickness, can form densification and seldom sneak into the electronic emission material tunicle (zinc film) of impurity.In addition, plating is most economical.

When forming the kirsite film, also can adopt eutectoid galvanoplastic or second time electroplating method with plating.The eutectoid galvanoplastic are as an electrode, the electrode that will the electroplate electro-plating method as another electrode with kirsite.The second time electroplating method is at first will electroplate with other the metal such as nickel that zinc forms alloy, and is zinc-plated then, perhaps earlier zinc-plated, and then will electroplate with other the metal such as nickel that zinc forms alloy, heat-treats after this, forms the kirsite film.

In addition, if utilize hot-dip coated formation zinc film, then because thickness is blocked up, can not obtain fine and close film simultaneously, therefore the impurity level of emitting from the zinc film is many, and starting characteristic is descended.

In addition, the thickness of zinc film must be in the scope of 1.0～20 μ m.

But reasonable is in the scope of 2.5～10 μ m.

If thickness is less than 2.5 μ m, and then the sputter of zinc increases, and starting characteristic descends, moreover less than 1.0 μ m, then the decline of its characteristic is more remarkable as if thickness.

In addition, the zinc film is if surpass 10 μ m, and then the impurity level of emitting from this film increases, and starting characteristic descends, moreover if surpass 20 μ m, then its characteristic descends more remarkable.

The thickness of zinc film is more preferably in the scope of 3～7 μ m, it would be desirable about 4.5～5.5 μ m.In addition, the problem that the sputter of zinc film or impurity produce forms at the zinc monomer that by zinc is Main Ingredients and Appearance under the situation of zinc film and will become remarkable.

Moreover, can make the oxidation of a part of zinc film, form zinc oxide etc.

If have zinc oxide, then be easy to generate outer swash (Exo) electronics or Ma Erte (Malter) effect, therefore starting characteristic in the dark improves.

In addition,, allow also additional other electronic emission material except the zinc film as electronic emission material.

According to present inventor's research, therefore carbon nano-tube can add it to kirsite as electronic emission material of the present invention owing to have electron emission.In addition, also can use carbon nano-tube separately.

＜other formation 〉

Though not necessary key element of the present invention, can optionally additional as requested following structure.

1. getter: if having impurity in the discharge medium, then starting characteristic descends.

Therefore, the work getter of absorption impurity is set in discharge vessel, can removes impurity.

2. shell:, the shell that is surrounded around the discharge vessel can be set for the mechanical protection glow starter.

The material that shell can utilize metal, synthetic resin or pottery etc. to have needed mechanism intensity forms.

In addition, in order easily glow starter to be adorned folding to socket, can form and take off easily and anti-skidding prominent muscle.

3. lamp holder: lamp holder can adopt suitable lamp holder, for example screw cap E17 type or socket lamp holder P21 type etc. according to the specification of fluorescent lamp.

＜effect of the present invention 〉

In the glow-discharge lamp of the present invention's the 1st form, the zinc composition of zinc or formation kirsite produces activation, and emitting electrons.

The initiating electron emitting performance of kirsite is almost identical with the zinc monomer.

Therefore, can improve glow-discharge lamp starting characteristic in the dark.

In addition, because the fusing point of kirsite than zinc monomer height, has therefore obviously suppressed sputter, significantly improved the problem that characteristic descends along with the consumption of electronic emission material.

Thereby, can prevent from that electronic emission material from consuming quickly with characteristic to descend.

In addition we know, compare as the situation of electronic emission material with adopting zinc monomer tunicle, also less from the impurity level that kirsite is emitted.

This can think owing to lacked during than zinc monomer plated film by the impurity of absorption storage in the kirsite film when plated film.

Thereby, because the foreign gas of emitting in the course of work is few,, starting characteristic lacks so descending, the life-span of glow-discharge lamp prolongs.

In the glow-discharge lamp of the present invention's the 2nd form, the electronic emission material that the zinc film of prescribed limit thickness constitutes activates, and emitting electrons.

Therefore, can improve glow-discharge lamp starting characteristic in the dark.

And owing to have the zinc film that thickness is limited in prescribed limit, therefore, the consumptions such as zinc that cause along with sputter reduce, and the impurity level of emitting from the zinc film also reduces simultaneously, thereby can keep the electronics emission effect that the zinc film produces in the course of the work well.

In the glow-discharge lamp of the present invention's the 3rd form, use the mist that at least a gas in argon, krypton and the xenon is mixed with neon as discharge medium, can suppress again operating voltage so in the course of the work and descend, also can keep sufficiently high operating voltage again at end of lifetime.

Have again, by with at least a gas in krypton, xenon and the argon with mix with the discharge medium of neon as Main Ingredients and Appearance, the sputter of zinc or kirsite in the time of can suppressing to start, life-span of glow starter prolongs.

In the present invention, owing to adopt the discharge medium of best composition, discharge ionization voltage is reduced in addition, can suppress again operating voltage simultaneously and descend, and suppress again operating voltage decline in the course of the work, in the course of the work can steady operation.

In addition, can suppress sputter, reach the long-life.

Other form of the present invention is characterized in that electronic emission material is a Zinc-nickel alloys.

This form has been stipulated the concrete formation of kirsite.Under the situation of kirsite that with Ni is accessory ingredient, contain the Ni of the 25 quality % that have an appointment.Then constitute fusing point and be 881 ℃ Zinc-nickel alloys NiZn ₃In addition, contain the Ni of the 19 quality % that have an appointment, then constituting fusing point is about 870 ℃ zinc-nickel Zn ₂₁, further contain the Ni of the 11 quality % that have an appointment again, then constituting into fusing point is about 790 ℃ zinc-nickel Zn ₈, all form stable intermetallic compound.

Such Zinc-nickel alloys can adopt the form of various composition ratios in the scope that does not exceed aim of the present invention.

Zinc-nickel alloys also allows for example solid solution form.

In this form, the zinc composition of the electronic emission material that is made of Zinc-nickel alloys activates, easily emitting electrons.

The initiating electron emitting performance of Zinc-nickel alloys is approximate identical with zinc.

Therefore, can improve glow-discharge lamp in the dark in starting characteristic.

In addition, because electronic emission material is a Zinc-nickel alloys, so the fusing point height of electronic emission material, so sputter obviously reduces, significantly improved the problem that characteristic descends along with the consumption of electronic emission material.

Have, compare as the situation of electronic emission material with adopting zinc monomer tunicle, the impurity level of emitting from Zinc-nickel alloys is also few.

Thereby, can keep the electronics emission effect that Zinc-nickel alloys produces in the course of the work well, the life-span of glow-discharge lamp prolongs simultaneously.

Have, Zinc-nickel alloys can obtain with commercial scale easily again, and the electric light of the glow lamp with cheap electronic emission material can be provided.

In addition, when utilizing the eutectoid galvanoplastic to form the Zinc-nickel alloys film, because the fusing point height of Zinc-nickel alloys, the generation of nitrogen is few when therefore electroplating, and the impurity of inhaling storage in the Zinc-nickel alloys film is few, current efficiency height in the electroplating work procedure.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that, the nickel composition of Zinc-nickel alloys is than being 2-15 quality %.

This form has been stipulated the suitable ratio of components of Zinc-nickel alloys.

Be the nickel composition than if in above-mentioned scope, then can access fusing point and be about 550-830 ℃ Zinc-nickel alloys.

By the fusing point of zinc monomer be 419.4 ° as can be known, the fusing point of the Zinc-nickel alloys of this form is enough high.

Therefore, the glow-discharge lamp of this form is compared as the glow-discharge lamp of electronic emission material with having the zinc monomer, has sufficiently high anti-sputter.

In addition, less than 2 quality %, then fusing point is too low as if Ni.

In addition, if Ni surpasses 15 quality %, then fusing point demonstrates saturated trend.

The Zinc-nickel alloys of above-mentioned composition ratio can utilize the eutectoid galvanoplastic directly to form film like on electrode.

Thereby, electronic emission material can easily be set.

In addition, the Zinc-nickel alloys of above-mentioned composition ratio also can utilize for example hot-dip coated formation of Denging.

The Zinc-nickel alloys of above-mentioned composition ratio owing to contain more zinc, therefore has enough electron emission capabilities.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that, kirsite is the ternary kirsite that two kinds of metals selecting in zinc and cobalt, copper, nickel, tin and the molybdenum are Main Ingredients and Appearance.

This form has stipulated that electronic emission material is the glow-discharge lamp of ternary kirsite.

For example can adopt Zn-Co-Mo, Zn-Co-Cr, Zn-Ni-Co etc. as the ternary kirsite.

In Zn-Co-Mo, its composition ratio is Co:1-3 quality %, Mo:0.1-0.5 quality %, and all the other are Zn.

In Zn-Co-Cr, its composition ratio is Co:0.1-0.5 quality % (for example 0.3 quality %), Cr:0.01-0.1 quality % (for example 0.05 quality %), and all the other are Zn.

In Zn-Ni-Co, its composition ratio is Ni:15-20 quality % (for example 17 quality %), CO:0.1-0.5 quality % (for example 0.3 quality %), and all the other are Zn.

These ternary kirsites can utilize for example eutectoid galvanoplastic directly to form film like on electrode.

In this form,, thereby have and approximately uniform effect of binary kirsite and effect because kirsite is the ternary kirsite.

Other form of the present invention is characterized in that, electronic emission material is that to contain Zinc-nickel alloys and work function be that the following and fusing point of 4eV is that metal more than 500 ℃ constitutes.

This form has stipulated to have the discharge lamp of electronic emission material that comprises Zinc-nickel alloys and satisfy other metal (comprising alloy) of afore mentioned rules condition.

As other metal that satisfies rated condition Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, La, Zr, Hf, Th and Ce are arranged, can adopt one or more metals in them.

In addition, so-called " comprise work function and be the following and fusing point of 4eV be more than 500 ℃ special metal ", also mean to comprise the such metal and the alloy of Zinc-nickel alloys.

In addition, La also can form the compound with B.

In addition, Zinc-nickel alloys is arbitrarily with the ratio that satisfies other metal of afore mentioned rules condition.

Thereby their any component ratio can be bigger.

In this form,, thereby can access effect and the effect that the effect of the aforementioned excellence that Zinc-nickel alloys produces and effect and above-mentioned special metal produce simultaneously because the part of electronic emission material contains Zinc-nickel alloys.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that electronic emission material is across bottom is overlayed on the electrode.

Substrate layer has the electrode of inhibition constituent material and the electronic emission material effect of mutual interference mutually.

In this form, for example electrode of kirsite of electronic emission material is set, can be movable electrode, also can be fixed electrode.In addition, be to adopt the movable electrode of Mn-Cu-Ni alloy to be provided with in the form of kirsite at a side bimetal leaf, under situation about not being separated with, because the reaction of Mn and kirsite makes the easy deterioration of bimetal leaf, so produces effect especially to bottom.

Adopting electro-plating method to form under the situation of kirsite, the deterioration of bimetal leaf is remarkable especially.

In addition, this form is to adopt the movable electrode of Ni-Mn-Fe alloy, Ni-Cr-Fe alloy or Cr-Cu-Ni alloy also effective for a side bimetal leaf.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that electronic emission material utilizes current density to be 1-15A/dm ²Plating form.

This form has been stipulated the glow-discharge lamp of the employing zinc formation that minimizing hydrogen is emitted.

In the little glow-discharge lamp of the internal volume of such discharge vessel such as glow starter,, therefore must reduce gas as far as possible and emit because the suction air storage body of emitting with members such as electrodes is relatively large to the influence of the some modulation characteristic of glow-discharge lamp.

Yet, even known that the current density during plating also has a significant impact for the hydrogen release performance when utilizing plating to make zinc or kirsite.

Even making with high current density utilization plating is the electrode of the electronic emission material of Main Ingredients and Appearance coated with zinc, and the glow lamp that kind electrode has been installed after initialization discharge delay can take place.

This can think, if the current density when electroplating is big, then electroplating velocity is accelerated, electronic emission material organize chap, hydrogen storage amount increases, when glow-discharge lamp work, the discharging amount of hydrogen of then inhaling storage is many, so discharge ionization voltage rises, and produces discharge delay.

What utilize the plating lining in the scope of above-mentioned current density is the electronic emission material of Main Ingredients and Appearance with zinc, and its dense structure can reduce hydrogen storage amount.

The thickness that particularly makes electronic emission material is in the scope of 1.0-10 μ m, by suppressing hydrogen storage amount really like this.

The thickness of electronic emission material is if surpass 10 μ m, and then the storage hydrogen absolute magnitude in the electronic emission material increases, and discharge ionization voltage rises in the course of the work.

For the glow-discharge lamp that the few electronic emission material of hydrogen storage amount is set like this, the hydrogen discharging amount is reduced to does not in the course of the work have effect in the practicality.

In addition, in above-mentioned scope, then the precipitation efficiency of kirsite is also enough, is suitable for industrial production as if current density.

Above-mentioned current density ratio is comparatively ideal to be 1-10A/dm ², preferably about 5A/dm ²

In addition, the current density during plating is if surpass 15A/dm ², then the production efficiency of electroplating improves.

But organizing of zinc or kirsite is thick, and hydrogen discharging amount showed increased in the little glow-discharge lamp of the internal volume of the such discharge vessel of glow starter, because the hydrogen discharging amount has exceeded allowed band, is unfavorable therefore.

In addition, if current density is less than 1A/dm ², dense structure then, but because production efficiency is low to can not reaching practical degree, so also be unfavorable.

Like this, this form provides the glow-discharge lamp that a kind of discharging amount of hydrogen in the course of the work is few, be difficult to produce discharge delay.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that the hydrogen storage amount of electronic emission material is in the scope of 0.1-50PPM.

When the electrogalvanizing monomer, because electroplating efficiency is low, therefore hydrogen storage amount reaches 100PPM sometimes.

And known, the current density that the suction reserves of hydrogen can be when adjust electroplating as mentioned above or by selecting best plated material etc. is suppressed to a certain degree.

Particularly known, when kirsite is Zinc-nickel alloys, the suction reserves of hydrogen in the time of can reducing electroplating work procedure.This can think because characteristic that nickel has improves electroplating efficiency.

Then there is the shortcoming of discharge ionization voltage rising in the hydrogen discharging amount of glow-discharge lamps such as glow starter if increase.

If the storage hydrogen bomb amount of the electrode of electroplating part is then practical no problem below 50PPM.

In addition, make hydrogen storage amount less than 0.1PPM, this is very difficult on making, thus the scope of hydrogen storage amount more satisfactory be 0.1-50PPM.

But better scope is in the scope of 0.1-18PPM, and best scope is in the scope of 1.0-10PPM.

Here, hydrogen storage amount with the quality (μ g) of hydrogen to represent that with respect to the electrode of the part of lining electronic emission material and the all-mass (g) of electronic emission material PPM represents with unit symbol.

The storage hydrogen concentration of the electrode of lining zinc film is tried to achieve with following method.

The thickness that the wire surface of fixed electrode is electroplated coated with the current density in the 1-10A/dm2 scope is the zinc film of 0.1-10 μ m, and the sample that preparation is made like this carries out the weight conversion with this sample with TDS absolute quantitation value and tries to achieve.

At this moment, heat, make the temperature of sample rise to 800 ℃, detect the quality of the hydrogen of emitting from sample from room temperature (about 25 ℃).

At the zinc film is that hydrogen storage amount (concentration) is 1.70PPM when containing the Zinc-nickel alloys of 2-15 quality %, and when the zinc film was the zinc monomer, hydrogen storage amount (concentration) was 2.78PPM.

Thereby, can confirm can suppress to be ormal weight, and be suitable as the glow starter use from the hydrogen that the zinc film is emitted.

In addition, the hydrogen storage amount in the zinc film of electronic emission material is preferably in the scope of 10-300PPM.

Therefore this form can suppress the rising of discharge ionization voltage because the discharging amount of hydrogen is few, is particularly suitable as glow starter.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that discharge medium contains the hydrogen of 0.05-10%.

The amount that this form has stipulated to make the hydrogen that contains in the discharge medium is in prescribed limit and make the formation of the characteristic of glow-discharge lamp in the scope of desired value.

Generally,, then can produce discharge delay, or discharge ionization voltage rises if contain hydrogen in the discharge medium.

But discharge ionization voltage rose along with containing of hydrogen, this under the situation that operating voltage is low excessively again, the result that can bring.

For example, when the mist of the neon of discharge medium and xenon, there is operating voltage downward trend more in the course of the work, reaches below the standard value sometimes.

This form is by containing the hydrogen of above-mentioned component, can be all the time operating voltage again be limited in the desirable scope.

The comparatively ideal scope of the hydrogen content in the discharge medium is 0.1～10%, and preferably scope is 0.05～5%.

Hydrogen content in the discharge medium can be analyzed with mass-synchrometer.

In addition, in the course of the work, if getter arranged, then the hydrogen of emitting from kirsite etc. can be adsorbed by getter and reduce, but because the electronic emission material of kirsite is inhaled the hydrogen of storage and slowly emitted, has replenished the part that reduces again.

In this case, for the electrode that is installed in discharge vessel formation kirsite before, its hydrogen storage amount is that 0.1～50PPM (every 1g electrode is 0.1～50 μ g) is relatively more suitable.

The dividing potential drop of this hydrogen in the discharge medium then is preferably in 0.018～1.8torr/cm if represent with the dividing potential drop of the average internal volume of discharge vessel ³Scope in.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that, in the discharge medium, the voltage ratio of the gas of at least a formation in krypton, xenon and the argon is 0.1～60%, and remaining gas is neon.

The voltage ratio of the gas of at least a formation in krypton, xenon and the argon, according to discharge ionization voltage, the relations such as total head of operating voltage and discharge medium again, set 0.1～60%, more satisfactory is set at 0.1～40%, preferably is set in 3～20% the scope.

In addition, to a certain degree must krypton, during the gas of at least a formation in xenon and the argon, also can make its voltage ratio is 2～60%.

This form is by optimizing the mist voltage ratio of discharge medium, can access desirable discharge ionization voltage, therefore can access more reliable starting characteristic, the decline that can suppress again operating voltage is in the course of the work arranged again, so steady operation further in the course of work.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that, the getter that carries out impurity absorption is set in the light transmission discharge vessel.

As getter, suitable material has the alloy of Ba, Ba alloy, Ba compound, Zr, Al or Zr and Al.

As the Ba alloy, preferably for example be BaAl ₄

As Ba compound, preferably BaN ₆(barium azide).

If in discharge vessel, make GaAl ₄Or BaN ₆Flash distillation, then the Ba monomer free is finished the getter effect.

As the alloy of Zr and Al, preferably for example be ZrAl.

In addition, especially as the hydrogen getter, BaO can also be set ₂(barium peroxide).

In addition, getter can will form the getter and the electrode bonding of annular or sheet shape, and the getter that perhaps will form powder forms film like attached on stem or the light transmission discharge vessel.

Thereby, in this form, utilize above-mentioned getter, can adsorb the trace impurity of emitting in the light transmission discharge vessel from the zinc film of electronic emission material in the course of the work, and well with its removal.

In addition, above-mentioned getter is for the H that emits from the wall of members such as light transmission discharge vessel ₂Impurity such as O also have suction-operated, and can be well with its removal.

Therefore, in the course of work of discharge lamp, can suppress the decline of starting characteristic admirably.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that, has the zinc film at least a portion formation of discharge space enclosure body inner surface.

Here, discharge space enclosure body one speech comprises discharge vessel and stem.

This form has stipulated to remove as absorption the suitable structure of the getter of impurity.

The zinc film is because identical with the formation as the zinc of electronic emission material or kirsite that forms on the electrode, therefore form the zinc film for inner surface at the discharge space enclosure body, for example, as long as after making glow-discharge lamp, utilize the energising in the aging process, a part that is arranged on the zinc film on the electrode as electronic emission material is got final product to the inner surface sputter of discharge vessel.

In addition, also can in advance behind the inner surface or stem surface formation zinc film of discharge vessel, electrode suppor be contained in the discharge vessel.

It is oxide-film that the zinc film allows, the zinc film that this form forms owing to the inner surface at discharge vessel with big surface area, and presenting very strong impurity absorption effect is the getter effect, therefore can adsorb the moisture content H that discharge vessel is emitted ₂O and hydrogen H ₂Deng impurity, purify the inside of discharge vessel.

So, can prevent that undesired discharging from postponing and the rising of discharge ionization voltage.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that discharge medium contains 0.05～10% hydrogen.In addition, the ideal range that closes the hydrogen amount is 0.05～5%.

The amount that this form has stipulated to make the hydrogen that contains in the discharge medium in prescribed limit, make the formation of scope of desired value of the characteristic of glow-discharge lamp.

Generally,, then produce discharge delay, or discharge ionization voltage rises if contain hydrogen in the discharge medium.

But discharge ionization voltage rises along with containing hydrogen, this under the situation that operating voltage is low excessively again, the result that can bring.

For example, when discharge medium is the mist of neon xenon, there is the operating voltage downward trend in the course of the work, reaches below the standard value sometimes.

This form is by containing the hydrogen of above-mentioned component, operating voltage again can be limited in the desirable scope usually.

Hydrogen content in the discharge medium can be analyzed with mass-synchrometer.

In addition, the hydrogen of emitting from zinc or kirsite etc. in the course of the work if getter is arranged, is then adsorbed by getter and reduces, but because the hydrogen of being inhaled storage by the electronic emission material of kirsite is slowly emitted, has replenished the part that reduces again.

In this case, for the electrode that is installed in discharge vessel formation kirsite before, its hydrogen storage amount is that 0.1～50PPM (every 1g electrode is 0.1～50 μ g) is relatively more suitable.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that its formation is, at least one side of pair of electrodes is the movable electrode with bimetal leaf, the heat that utilizes glow discharge to produce, bi-metal plate deformed, and contact with another electrode, electronic emission material is overlayed on the bimetal leaf.

This form has been stipulated the formation as glow starter.

By electronic emission material is overlayed on the bimetal leaf, the electronic emission material of the requirement that can be covered at an easy rate.

Another other form of the present invention is characterized in that its formation is, one side of pair of electrodes is the movable electrode with bimetal leaf, the heat that utilizes glow discharge to produce, bi-metal plate deformed, and contact with another electrode, electronic emission material is overlayed on the fixed electrode.

This form is that with the difference of above-mentioned form electronic emission material is overlayed on the fixed electrode, even promptly electronic emission material is overlayed on the fixed electrode, also has desired effect and effect.

In addition, because restriction for materials used is few in the fixed electrode, therefore can select to be difficult to metal with the kirsite reaction.So, there is no need to use substrate layer, easy to manufacture like this, can also reduce cost.

Another other form of the present invention provides ligthing paraphernalia, and described luminaire has the ligthing paraphernalia main body and is arranged on the glow-discharge lamp of the above-mentioned form on the ligthing paraphernalia main body.

In this form, so-called " ligthing paraphernalia main body " refers to the remaining part of removing glow lamp from ligthing paraphernalia.

Thereby discharge lamp and discharge lamp ignition device can be put into the ligthing paraphernalia main body respectively, also can not pack into.

No matter its purposes of ligthing paraphernalia and structure.

When glow-discharge lamp was glow starter, for example fluorescent lamp was arranged on the ligthing paraphernalia main body, made fluorescent lamp starting, lit a lamp with glow starter.

At glow-discharge lamp is to show that when using glow-discharge lamp, itself becomes light source.

Another other form of the present invention provides the glow-discharge lamp electrode that the part that is contained in the discharge vessel is provided with electronic emission material.

This form has been stipulated the effective constitution as the electrode of glow-discharge lamp installation.

If the glow lamp power for illumination utmost point of this form is installed in discharge vessel, then can shorten start-up time, improve the starting characteristic of dark place, significantly improve the sputter of electronic emission material simultaneously, and also reduce from the impurity level that electronic emission material is emitted, obtain long-life glow-discharge lamp.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 shows that the front view of the glow starter of the present invention the 1st embodiment.

Figure 2 shows that the amplification front elevation of electrode suppor in the glow starter of Fig. 1.

Figure 3 shows that the graph of relation of zinc thickness and discharge beginning probability in the glow starter of the present invention the 2nd embodiment.

Figure 4 shows that the curve chart of discharge time started difference contrast during each glow starter initialization of the 1st and the 2nd embodiment.

Figure 5 shows that the curve chart of the discharge time started difference contrast of each glow starter behind 6000 on-off actions of the 1st and the 2nd embodiment.

Figure 6 shows that the curve chart of discharge ionization voltage difference contrast during each glow starter initialization of the 1st and the 2nd embodiment.

Figure 7 shows that the curve chart of the discharge ionization voltage difference contrast of each glow starter behind 6000 on-off actions of the 1st and the 2nd embodiment.

Shown in Figure 8 is the figure of the zinc surplus of each glow starter behind 1000 on-off actions of the 1st and the 2nd embodiment.

Figure 9 shows that the figure of gas discharging amount contrast of each each bimetal leaf of glow starter of the 1st and the 2nd embodiment.

The electronic emission material that Figure 10 shows that the 1st and the 2nd embodiment is the figure with the difference of its hydrogen discharging amount of each electrode of different current density electroplating zinc alloys.

The glow starter that Figure 11 shows that the 3rd embodiment operating voltage again increases the curve chart that situation about changing contrasts with the break-make number of times.

The glow starter that Figure 12 shows that the 3rd embodiment again operating voltage with the curve chart of gas composition than situation about changing.

Figure 13 shows that the amplification front elevation of electrode suppor in the glow starter of the 4th embodiment.

Figure 14 shows that the amplification front elevation of electrode suppor in the glow starter of the present invention the 5th embodiment.

Figure 15 shows that the front view of the glow starter of the present invention the 6th embodiment.

Figure 16 is the cut-away section front view of the glow starter of Figure 15.

Figure 17 shows that the front view of the trichocyst of the present invention the 7th embodiment.

Figure 18 shows that the cut-away section longitudinal sectional view of the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of the present invention the 8th embodiment.

Figure 19 shows that the cutaway view of the fluorescent ceiling light of the present invention the 9th embodiment.

Symbol description

1 discharge vessel

2 fixed electrodes

3 movable electrodes

4 electronic emission materials

5 shells

6 lamp holders

Embodiment

The embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows that the glow starter front view of the 1st embodiment of glow-discharge lamp of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows that the amplification front elevation of its electrode suppor.

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,1 is discharge vessel, and 2 is fixed electrode, and 3 is movable electrode, and 4 is electronic emission material, and 5 is shell, and 6 is lamp holder, and 7 is anti-noise capacitor.

The glow starter of present embodiment is a P type glow starter.

P type glow starter is characterised in that, in the shell 5 anti-noise capacitor is housed, and lamp holder 6 is P21 type socket lamp holders.

Discharge vessel 1 is made by soft glass, has glass tube 1a, stem 1b and exhaust body and seals 1c, forms discharge space 1d in inside.

The initial one end of glass tube 1a (illustrated lower end) opening is used for inserting electrode suppor, the integrally formed thin blast pipe of the other end (illustrated upper end).

Stem 1b is connected loud-speaker type stem HS described later with the openend of glass tube 1a, form one with glass tube 1a.

It is after by blast pipe the air in the glass envelope 1a being carried out exhaust that 1c is sealed in exhaust, blast pipe is carried out sealing-in form.

Enclose neon-xenon mist in the inside of discharge vessel 1 with as discharge medium.

Fixed electrode 2 and movable electrode 3 as shown in Figure 2, are installed in advance as electrode suppor EM.

This electrode suppor EM inserts in the glass tube 1a and is fixed on assigned position in the discharge vessel 1 from openend.

Electrode suppor EM is made of loud-speaker type stem HS, fixed electrode 2, movable electrode 3, outer seal wire OL1 and OL2 as shown in Figure 2, and electronic emission material 4 is overlayed on the movable electrode 3.

The loud-speaker partial fixing of loud-speaker type stem HS is at the openend of glass tube 1a, by like this fixed electrode and movable electrode 3 being installed in the discharge vessel 1.

Fixed electrode 2 is made of bar-shaped metal, and root is fixed on loud-speaker type stem HS, is connected with outer seal wire OL1.

Movable electrode 3 bent bar-shaped metal 3a and bimetal leaf 3b constitute.

Bar-shaped metal 3a is longer than fixed electrode 2, and the position relative with fixed electrode 2 that its root is fixed on loud-speaker type stem HS is connected with outer seal wire OL2.

Bimetal leaf 3b bends to the ㄑ word shape of Japanese ideogram, in figure A1, and the top welding of upper end and bar-shaped metal 3a, the bottom contacts with bar-shaped metal 3a under cold conditions.

The electronic emission material 4 of the 1st embodiment is Zinc-nickel alloys of zinc 90 quality %, nickel 10 quality %, forms on bimetal leaf 3b surface, and thickness is in 1.0～20 mu m ranges.

Shell is with the light-proofness urea resin or adds the polycarbonate resin one-tenth with appropriate optical diffuse of titanium oxide microparticle in right amount and be formed with bottom tube-like.The openend of shell 5 connects lamp holder 6.In addition, the annular knurl groove 5b that has the usefulness of taking off in the head edge.

Lamp holder 6 is made of insulated substrate 6b and a pair of bayonet peg 6c and 6c.

Insulated substrate 6b seals the opening of shell 5.

A pair of bayonet peg 6C and 6C are separated from each other, and pass insulated substrate 6b and fix.Bayonet peg 6c and 6c have the chucking projection 6c1 that gives prominence in the outside of shell 5 respectively, have link 6c2 in the inside of shell 5.

The lead-in wire 7a of anti-noise capacitor 7 and 7a are connected with the link 6c1 of a pair of pin 6c and 6c, are connected between fixed electrode 2 and the movable electrode 3 by arranged side by side like this.

The following describes the glow starter of the 2nd embodiment, the 2nd embodiment compares with the glow starter of the 1st embodiment, except that electronic emission material 4, have identical formation, the glow starter of the 2nd embodiment be at least one side lining thickness in pair of electrodes be 1.0～20 μ m (being preferably 1.0～10 μ m) be the electronic emission material 4 of Main Ingredients and Appearance with zinc.

Figure 3 shows that at least one side lining thickness with pair of electrodes be 1.0～20 μ m, be in the 2nd embodiment glow starter of electronic emission material 4 of Main Ingredients and Appearance with zinc, the graph of relation of zinc thickness and discharge beginning probability.

In the drawings, transverse axis is represented zinc thickness (μ m), and the longitudinal axis is represented discharge beginning probability (%).

In addition, when measuring, the zinc film thickness of electronic emission material is changed within the scope of the present invention and outside scope, make the sample of 40W type fluorescent-lamp-use glow starter like this, to this sample in measurement discharge beginning probability, generate the curve of Fig. 3 according to this measurement result.

Test is performed such, to 20 samples making with same thickness, during the initialization with connected in 25 seconds, in the dark place after 6000 break-make work that 35 seconds disconnect under 15 hours both of these cases, add that lower voltage limit is 180V.

Among the figure, curve X and curve Y represent during the initialization respectively and the discharge after 6000 the break-make work begins probability.

In addition, so-called " discharge beginning probability " is meant the probability that the dark place under normal temperature (25 ℃) began to light a lamp with interior 40W fluorescent lamp in 8 seconds.

As shown in Figure 3, during initialization, because lining zinc film, if its thickness is 1～5 μ m, then any sample all 100% begins discharge, even 20 μ m, also about 90% begins discharge.

And be after 6000 break-make work, if thickness surpasses 20 μ m, then because discharge beginning probability is lower than approximately 70%, therefore can not use with different.

In addition, the beginning probability obviously descends if thickness less than 1.0 μ m, discharges, simultaneously because the adhesion amount of zinc is few, so the lost of life, can not use.

If zinc film thickness is 3～7 μ m, then because discharge begins probability and the life-span is all good, therefore more satisfactory.

In addition, if thickness is 4.5～5.5 μ m, then, therefore ideal because discharge beginning probability is similar to 100%.

In the 2nd embodiment, though also can access enough starting characteristics, but if carry out overall merit in interior performance to comprise life characteristic, then the glow starter of the 1st embodiment is comparatively outstanding, here, with reference to Fig. 4 to Fig. 9, the electrical characteristic of the glow starter of the electrical characteristic of the glow starter of the present invention the 1st embodiment and the 2nd embodiment is compared and illustrates.

Among the figure, solid line a and dotted line b represent the curve chart of the glow starter characteristic of the glow starter characteristic of the 1st embodiment and the 2nd embodiment respectively.Below the 1st embodiment is described as " comparative example " as " present embodiment ", the 2nd embodiment.

In addition, present embodiment (the 1st embodiment) be kirsite with electronic emission material with 5 μ m thickness attached to the 40W fluorescent-lamp-use glow starter on the bimetal leaf.

With last different being, it is that thickness is the zinc monomer of 5 μ m that comparative example (the 2nd embodiment) adopts electronic emission material, in addition, identical with the specification of the 1st embodiment.

In addition, each figure is the result that the electrical characteristic that will make the sample of 20 present embodiments and comparative example respectively and measure makes curve.

The relative incidence of the longitudinal axis is that the number of time started of respectively discharging of whole 20 is represented with percentage

In addition, the discharge time started is that the method for testing of utilizing connection in 25 seconds repeatedly, disconnecting in 35 seconds is tested.

Figure 4 shows that the contrast of the discharge time started difference during each glow starter initialization of the present invention and comparative example.

Figure 5 shows that the contrast of the discharge time started difference of each glow starter after 6000 break-make work of the present invention and conventional art example.

As shown in Figure 4, during the initialization discharge time started of present embodiment extremely short, be about most 0.1 second.

And the discharge time started of conventional art example was about 0.2 second most.

As mentioned above, the discharge time started is all extremely short during the initialization, and both do not have marked difference.

With last different being, as shown in Figure 5, after 6000 break-make work, the discharge ETAD expected time of arrival and departure of present embodiment was similar in 1 second, but comparative example be 4 seconds with interior scope, produce than big-difference.

This can think, is the reason that the electronic emission material owing to the employing zinc monomer of comparative example consumes because of the sputter electronics.

Figure 6 shows that the contrast of discharge ionization voltage difference during each glow starter initialization of present embodiment and comparative example.

Figure 7 shows that the contrast of the discharge ionization voltage difference of each glow starter after 6000 break-make work of present embodiment and comparative example.

As shown in Figure 6, during the initialization, both discharge ionization voltages all are to be frequency peak with 150V, the difference of the about 10V scope in front and back, the difference curve steeper of present embodiment.

In addition, as shown in Figure 7, after 6000 break-make work, the discharge ionization voltage of present embodiment is frequency peak with 155V, and difference is in the scope with 150V to 170V.

With last different be, the discharge ionization voltage of comparative example is the highest to be 170V, and the difference of discharge ionization voltage is present in the scope of 160V to 180V.

The reason of this situation is, the gas discharging amount of emitting from the electronic emission material of comparative example is more than present embodiment, so discharge ionization voltage is higher relatively.

The contrast of part beyond bimetal leaf and bimetal leaf respectively of the zinc surplus of each glow starter of the present invention shown in Figure 8 and comparative example after 1000 break-make work.

As shown in Figure 8, the sample 1 of present embodiment and 2 is compared with the sample 1 to 3 of comparative example, and remaining electronic emission material is many in bimetal leaf, and the portions of electronics emissive material beyond bimetal leaf is few.

This situation represents, according to present embodiment, electronic emission material is owing to splashing that sputter causes, and the zinc monomer compared and will be lacked as the comparative example of electronic emission material.

Figure 9 shows that the contrast of gas discharging amount of each each bimetal leaf of glow starter of present embodiment and comparative example.

In Fig. 9, transverse axis is represented the sample 1 of present embodiment, the sample 1,2 and the reference example of comparative example, and the longitudinal axis represents to emit gas total head (Pa).

In addition, to represent to analyze what be not covered electronic emission material only be the result of the gas discharging amount of bimetal leaf to reference example.

As shown in Figure 9, according to present embodiment, because electronic emission material adopts kirsite, therefore compare as the comparative example of electronic emission material with adopting the zinc monomer, the gas discharging amount obviously reduces, with the reference example approximately equal of the electronic emission material that is not covered.

If the glass that discharge vessel 1 or stem 16 uses,, adopt MgO to surpass 2% and Na in quality % ₂O is the glass below 10%, or adopts Al ₂O ₃Surpass 1.8% and Na ₂O is the glass below 10%, then will further shorten start-up time.

This can think, be because MgO or the Al from glass ₂O ₃Emit exoelectrons, work as the electron source that starts usefulness.

In addition, the Na that contains ₂O surpasses 10% glass, for example from MgO or Al ₂O ₃Sneak into ormal weight, the effect that shortened start-up time reduces.

This can think, is owing to sneak into too much Na in the glass, and the conductivity of glass will be increased.

Promptly can infer like this, in order to emit exoelectrons from MgO, must carry out mechanical stimulus or electrostimulation etc., owing to contain too much Na in the glass, to make leakage current be not from the surface but pass through internally, so be exactly owing to do not give electrostimulation?

Below table 1 be depicted as an example of the glass that satisfies above-mentioned composition.

In addition, this glass is the so-called crown glass of leaded composition not in fact, and it is used for the stem 16 of glow starter, and the discharge time started is further shortened.

[table 1]

SiO ₂: 60～75 quality %

Li ₂O:1～5 quality %

Na ₂Below the O:10 quality %

K ₂O:3～8 quality %

SrO:4～8 quality %

BaO:1-4.5 quality %

MgO:2～8 quality %

Figure 10 shows that the difference of glow starter of the present invention with its hydrogen discharging amount of each electrode of different current density electroplating zinc alloys.

In Figure 10, transverse axis represents that current density is 10A/dm ²And 5A/dm ²Each 9 sample, the longitudinal axis is represented hydrogen discharging amount (relative value).

In addition, at the electroplating surface kirsite of bimetal leaf 3b of figure A1.

Then each 9 electrode is placed vacuum, be heated to 1000 ℃ and make it emit gas, try to achieve the amount of hydrogen with mass-synchrometer.

As shown in Figure 10, electroplate with little current density, its hydrogen discharging amount is few.

Adopt with the electrode of above-mentioned same specification and make glow starter, though the result after 6000 break-make work, the time of delay of lighting a lamp in the dark is also very short.

In addition, more than the glow starter of Shuo Ming the present invention the 1st embodiment is all because sputter and form film at the inner surface of discharge vessel, break discharge vessel for this reason, peel off attached to the film of inner surface and analyze, the result distinguishes and constitutes the kirsite film based on kirsite.

And the kirsite film has adsorbed hydrogen.

In addition, a part of kirsite film is oxidized.

Have, the hydrogen amount of closing based in the discharge medium of neon and xenon that the glow starter of the present invention the 1st embodiment is enclosed is analyzed, hydrogen is 0.3～2.8% as a result.

The 3rd embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, in the discharge medium, is 0.1～60% by the voltage ratio of at least a gas that forms in krypton, xenon and the argon, and remaining gas is neon.

Below with reference to Figure 11 and Figure 12, for in the discharge medium by the voltage ratio of at least a gas that forms in krypton, xenon and the argon be 0.1～60%, remaining gas is the 3rd embodiment of neon, the measurement result of the operating voltage again of various voltage ratios and example are in the past compared and illustrate.

The sample of the 3rd embodiment and relatively the discharge medium of sample of the example in the past of usefulness composed as follows shown in, percentage is represented the voltage ratio of gas respectively.

Embodiment A: neon (Ne) 90%-xenon (Xe) 10%

Embodiment B: neon (Ne) 90%-krypton (Ke) 10%

Routine in the past: argon (Ar) 100%

In this measurement, prepare 50 present embodiments respectively and reach the sample (200V specification) of the glow starter of example in the past, the discharge time started of measuring each sample when adding lower voltage limit 180V.

Measure according to this, embodiment A, B reach the discharge time started of routine in the past dark place in allowed band.

Figure 11 shows that the present invention and the contrast of the situation of variation of operating voltage again of each glow starter of example in the past along with the increase of break-make number of times.

Among the figure, solid line (thick line) A represents embodiment A, and dotted line B represents Embodiment B, and solid line (fine rule) C represents example in the past.

For routine in the past glow starter, operating voltage increases and reduces along with the break-make number of times again.

And when about 1000 break-makes, operating voltage is reduced to below the minimum tolerance level again.

For embodiment 1 and 2, the operating voltage again in its course of work maintains more than the minimum tolerance level.

The situation that the operating voltage again that Figure 12 shows that glow starter of the present invention changes because of the ratio of components of discharge medium.

Among the figure, solid line D represents to enclose the situation of neon-xenon mist, and dotted line E represents to enclose the situation of neon-krypton mist.

By the curve of the solid line D of Figure 12 as can be known, if the xenon voltage ratio is below 3%, then operating voltage is reduced to below the minimum tolerance level again.In addition, if surpass 60%, then operating voltage maintains more than the minimum tolerance level again, but there is the trend of prolongation the discharge time started in the dark.

In addition, dotted line E shows the variation of same operating voltage again under the situation that the voltage ratio that makes krypton changes.

By the curve of dotted line E as can be known, when the voltage ratio of the mist of krypton and xenon is changed, also approximate identical.

Like this, the electronic emission material that glow starter adopts kirsite to form is an electrode, as discharge medium is based on neon, wherein enclose the mist of argon, krypton, xenon or argon and krypton, xenon again, in 0.1～60% scope, by like this, can keep sufficiently high operating voltage again in the course of work, can shorten start-up time in the dark in addition greatly.

Below with reference to Figure 13 to Figure 18, the 4th to the 8th embodiment of the present invention is described.

In addition, in each figure, for the additional identical symbol of the same section of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, and omit explanation.

Figure 13 shows that the electrode suppor of the glow starter of the present invention the 4th embodiment.

The difference of the 4th embodiment and the 1st embodiment is that electronic emission material 4 is overlayed on the fixed electrode 2.

In addition, on loud-speaker type stem HS, adhere to exoelectrons emissive material Exo.

This exoelectrons emissive material Exo adopts adhesive and with Al ₂O ₃, MgO and Be powder coated formation.

By such employing exoelectrons emissive material Exo, even can confirm just in case take place when kirsite is emitted the abnormal conditions of impurity in a large number, because therefore the initiating electron that exoelectrons emissive material Exo covers the shortage can keep the shortening effect of the discharge time started of kirsite generation really.

Figure 14 shows that the electrode suppor of the glow starter of the present invention the 5th embodiment.

The difference of the 5th embodiment and the 1st embodiment is, lining getter 8 on fixed electrode 2.

Be that getter 8 is ZrAl alloy sheets, utilize spot welding to be fixed near the outside of root of fixed electrode 2.

The micro-H that these getter 8 main absorption are emitted engineering process from electronic emission material 4 ₂Gas.

Figure 15 shows that the glow starter of the present invention the 6th embodiment.

Figure 16 shows that the glow starter major part of Figure 15.

The 6th embodiment is an E type glow starter.

Shell 5 is will add the polycarbonate resin shaping with suitable optical diffuse of titanium oxide microparticle in right amount and be formed with bottom tube-like, forms rolling groove 5a at its outer ledge.

Discharge vessel 1 is housed, pair of electrodes 2,3 and electronic emission material 4 is installed and is enclosed discharge medium in this discharge vessel 1 inside.

In addition, pair of electrodes 2 and 3, electronic emission material 4 and discharge medium are identical with the formation of the 1st embodiment.

Lamp holder 6 is E17 type screw caps, is installed in the openend of shell 5, and in the openend riveted and fixed of shell 5.

In addition, the 6a among Figure 16 is the riveted joint vestige, forms when riveted joint.

The demonstration that Figure 17 shows that the present invention the 7th embodiment all is to be made of fixed electrode with straight tube glow-discharge lamp (below be called trichocyst) pair of electrodes 2,2.

Electronic emission material 4 is overlayed on the pair of electrodes 2,2.

Figure 18 shows that the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of the present invention the 8th embodiment.

Among the 8th embodiment, be provided with at inner surface on the two ends of length direction of elongated discharge vessel 1 of fluorescence coating 9, a pair of cold cathode type electrode 2,2 is installed, electronic emission material 4 is overlayed on the pair of electrodes 2,2.

Figure 19 shows that the fluorescent ceiling light of the present invention the 9th embodiment.

In Figure 19,11 is the ligthing paraphernalia main body, 12 and 13 is glow starter, and ligthing paraphernalia main body 11 has base 11a, lampshade 11b, fluorescent lamp 11c and 11d, lamp support 11e, normal bright lamp 11f, ballast 11g, diverter switch 11h, cord pendant 11i, messenger wire seat 11j and furred ceiling box 11k etc.

Base 11a is equipped with ballast 11g and diverter switch 11h in inside.

In addition, base 11a supports lamp support 11j in its lateral edge, supports lampshade 11b at upper surface.

By lamp support 11e fluorescent lamp 11c and 11d are supported on the base 11a.

Normal bright lamp exposes from the lower surface of base 11a.

Cord pendant 11I draws by messenger wire seat 11j from the upper surface of base 11a.

The length that messenger wire seat 11j can regulate cord pendant 11j.

Furred ceiling box 11k is arranged on the end of cord pendant 11i, is electrically connected with the hook ceiling that is arranged on the room ceiling, carries out machinery simultaneously and supports, ligthing paraphernalia main body 11 is hung down from ceiling.

Glow starter 12 and 13 is installed in base 11a inside, and head exposes outside from base 11a.

The 1st form according to the present invention, has discharge vessel, the electronic emission material that contains kirsite that at least one side of pair of electrodes, discharge medium and pair of electrodes is provided with, shorten start-up time by providing like this, improve starting characteristic in the dark, significantly improve the sputter of electronic emission material, impurity level and the long-life glow-discharge lamp that minimizing is emitted from kirsite simultaneously.

Special because kirsite is a Zinc-nickel alloys, therefore the glow-discharge lamp that has easily the cheap electronic emission material that obtains with commercial scale can be provided.

In addition, because kirsite is the Zinc-nickel alloys that contains 2～15 quality % nickel, therefore the fusing point height can be provided, for example utilizes the eutectoid galvanoplastic can on electrode, directly form film like, easily electronic emission material and have the glow-discharge lamp of enough electron emission capabilities is set.

The 2nd form according to the present invention, thickness with at least one side's lining of discharge vessel, pair of electrodes, discharge medium and pair of electrodes is that 1.0～20 μ m are the electronic emission material of Main Ingredients and Appearance with zinc, by the glow-discharge lamp that shortens start-up time, improves starting characteristic in the dark can be provided like this.

The 3rd form according to the present invention can provide the glow starter that has easily the cheap electronic emission material that obtains with commercial scale.

Claims (17)

1. a glow-discharge lamp is characterized in that having

Discharge vessel;

Be installed in the pair of electrodes in the discharge vessel;

Be enclosed in the discharge medium in the discharge vessel based on rare gas; And

Cover at least one side in the pair of electrodes and contain the electronic emission material of kirsite,

Wherein, the fusing point of described kirsite is more than 450 ℃.

2. glow-discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,

Kirsite is a Zinc-nickel alloys.

3. glow-discharge lamp as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,

Zinc-nickel alloys contains the nickel of 2～15 quality %.

4. glow-discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,

Kirsite is to be formed by the ternary kirsite that two kinds of metals selecting in zinc and cobalt, copper, nickel, tin and the molybdenum are Main Ingredients and Appearance.

5. glow-discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,

Electronic emission material is by to contain Zinc-nickel alloys and work function be below the 4eV and fusing point constitutes at the metal more than 500 ℃.

6. as each the described glow-discharge lamp in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that,

Electronic emission material is overlayed on the electrode across substrate layer.

7. as each the described glow-discharge lamp in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that,

It is 1～15A/dm that electronic emission material utilizes current density ²Electroplating current form.

8. as each the described glow-discharge lamp in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that,

The hydrogen storage amount of electronic emission material is in the scope of 0.1～50PPM.

9. as each the described glow-discharge lamp in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that,

Getter is set in discharge vessel.

10. as each the described glow-discharge lamp in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that,

The 1st gas that discharge medium forms based on neon and the mist of the 2nd gas of at least a formation in krypton, xenon and the argon, and by in the inclosure discharge vessel.

11. glow-discharge lamp as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that,

The voltage ratio of described the 2nd gas of discharge medium is 0.1～60%, and remaining gas is neon.

12. each the described glow-discharge lamp as in the claim 1 to 5 is characterized in that,

Discharge medium contains 0.05～10% hydrogen.

13. each the described glow-discharge lamp as in the claim 1 to 5 is characterized in that,

Textural, at least one side in the pair of electrodes is the movable electrode with bimetal leaf, and the heat that glow discharge takes place causes bi-metal plate deformed, thereby can contact with another electrode, and electronic emission material is overlayed on the bimetal leaf of movable electrode.

14. each the described glow-discharge lamp as in the claim 1 to 5 is characterized in that,

Textural, a side of pair of electrodes is for having the movable electrode of bimetal leaf, and the heat that glow discharge takes place causes bi-metal plate deformed, thereby can contact with another fixed electrode, and electronic emission material is directly overlayed on the fixed electrode.

15. each the described glow-discharge lamp as in the claim 1 to 5 is characterized in that,

Possesses the tunicle that is formed at discharge vessel inside and constitutes by electronic emission material.

16. a ligthing paraphernalia is characterized in that having

The ligthing paraphernalia main body;

The described glow-discharge lamp of in the claim 1 to 5 that is provided with on the ligthing paraphernalia main body each; And

Be arranged on the fluorescent lamp on the ligthing paraphernalia main body.

17. a glow-discharge lamp electrode is characterized in that,

On the part of installing in discharge vessel, the electronic emission material that contains kirsite is set, wherein, the fusing point of described kirsite is more than 450 ℃.

Images