Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of lower side density and the Action3 bullet is provided the vest of protective effect.
According to the present invention, the realization of this purpose is that its flexible fabric is a kind of loose weave and the focusing surface that is placed in vest.This is lower than 6kg/m with regard to the surface density that has guaranteed vest of the present invention
2And provide protection to the Action3 bullet.
Loose weave with following indication refers to that wherein yarn can be convenient to mobile mutually fabric herein.Such fabric also is deformable.Beat allly be to have been found that the vest that loose weave is placed on the vest focusing surface can provide better the protection to the Action3 bullet.Simultaneously, the vest that has low surface density among the present invention also can provide and not contain in focusing surface the same protection of vest of loose weave.
An advantage of vest of the present invention is to make dress more comfortable because weight is lower.
The bulletproof ability of vest can be classified according to various criterion.Wherein a kind of standard is a NIJ standard 0101.03, and it has defined different protection levels.The vest that meets the NIJ2a standard must be able to stop that for example speed is the .357Magnum JSP of 381m/s and the 9mm FMJ that speed is 332m/s.
The vest that meets the NIJ3a standard must be able to stop that speed is the .44Magnum SWC of 426m/s and the 9mm FMJ that speed is 426m/s.Except that preventing that bullet from penetrating, the deformation range of health one side after being impacted is second requirement of NIJ standard 0101.03.This deformation measurement vest wearer suffered damage when projectile impacts.An advantage of vest of the present invention is except that its lower weight, and the distortion of vest health one side meets the requirement of NIJ standard 0101.03.
Loose weave can be for example twill-weave, honeycomb weave, rope form tissue or three dimensional fabric.Here the drapability of fabric is necessary.The drapability fabric is often referred to its lappet number and is at least 3, that is to say that the contained yarn of this fabric passes at least 3 other yarns simultaneously.
Preferably, the fiber in the loose weave is fully stretched.Nonwoven is found and is not suitable for and stops the Action3 bullet.
The preferred twill-weave fabric of loose weave.The twill-weave fabric refers to that warp thread interts mutually with weft yarn ratio with 1: 1 unlike in the plain weave fabric, but with non-1: 1 ratio.For example in 4.1 twill-weave fabrics, weft yarn passes 4 warp thread in the one side of fabric, passes 1 warp thread at another side, by that analogy.Lappet number in this fabric is 4.Preferred 5.1 twill-weaves of fabric among the present invention.When it provides the lightest vest weight to the maximum protection of Action3 bullet.
The UD layer laminate can be made up of one or more UD assemblies.The UD layer laminate preferably is made up of a plurality of UD assemblies, and each UD assembly comprises 2 or 4 UD layers.Preferably, all there is smooth film on the two sides of assembly, in order to reduce the friction between the assembly and to obtain higher lamination pliability.
Here " fiber " should be understood that the tissue that is elongated, and its length is significantly greater than width and thickness.Fiber comprises that continuous monofilament and multifibres and discontinuous silk are as staple fiber or short-fibre silk.
In general, loose weave lamination and the percentage by weight of UD layer laminate in vest can be 10: 80 to 50: 50.If the percentage by weight of loose fiber less than 10%, then must add out-of-proportion a plurality of UD layer in vest, cause advantage forfeiture than low weight.If the percentage by weight of loose fiber is greater than 50%, any twill layer protective capacities to the Action3 bullet of adding is lower than normal ratio state, can cause the advantage forfeiture than low weight again.
The percentage by weight of loose weave lamination and UD layer laminate is preferably 15: 85 to 30: 70.
This has guaranteed that the composite surface density that contains of the present invention is less than 6kg/m
2The bulletproof ability that vest had of first and second laminations can stop that speed reaches the Action3 bullet of 437m/s, and its according to the degree of injury of NIJ standard less than 44mm.
This total areal density of having guaranteed first and second laminations wherein simultaneously is less than 5.2kg/m
2Vest of the present invention have the bulletproof ability that meets the NIJ3a standard.
This has guaranteed that also composite surface density of the present invention is less than 4.5kg/m
2The bulletproof ability that vest had of first and second laminations can stop that speed reaches the Action3 bullet of 385m/s, and its according to the degree of injury of NIJ standard less than 44mm.
The first kind and second class " strong fiber " can be dissimilar or same kind, and in the present invention normally intensity be 6dN/tex, modulus 130dN/tex and the energy to failure fiber of 8J/g at least at least at least.The strong fiber preferred intensity is 10dN/tex, modulus 200dN/tex and the energy to failure fiber of 20J/g at least at least at least.Strong fiber more preferably intensity is 16dN/tex, modulus 400dN/tex and the energy to failure fiber of 27J/g at least at least at least.Strong fiber most preferably intensity is 28dN/tex, modulus 1200dN/tex and the energy to failure fiber of 40J/g at least at least at least.If first kind fiber does not have the intensity of the same race of second fibrid, suggestion first kind fiber should be more solid than second fibrid.
Suitable strong fiber is aramid fibre, poly-indoles (PBO) fiber, silicon carbide fibre and/or strengthens ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (HPPE) and/or its composition fiber of polymer as stretching.Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene refers to that weight average molecular weight is at least 500, the polyethylene of 000kg/kmol.
This molecular weight is preferably more than 2,000,000kg/kmol.Vest of the present invention preferably has the UD layer laminate that its UD layer mainly contains aramid fibre or pbo fiber.This composite surface density that has guaranteed its first and second lamination is less than 4kg/m
2The bulletproof ability that vest had can stop that speed reaches the Action3 bullet of 385m/s, and its according to the degree of injury of NIJ standard less than 44mm.
An advantage of vest of the present invention is that the structure of loose weave replacement unidirectional ply has improved the protective capability that the ammunition of defending particular types comprises the Action3 bullet.Because it is much simple that the production loose weave is wanted, so the production cost of vest of the present invention will be lower than those known vests of only being made up of the UD layer.
Ballistic fabric, as be used for the ballistic fabric of known vest, mainly be the close fixed fabric of knitting, its denier count as received is low as far as possible usually.The manufacturing of yarn and the manufacturing of resultant fabric are all than high many of the manufacturing cost of UD cross-ply.
The denier count as received of loose weave need not meet any particular requirement, yet vest of the present invention preferably contains a fabric assembly, and its fabric mainly is made up of the yarn that fiber number is at least 1000dTex.The effect that obtains with this yarn is better than the fabric assembly be made up of less than the yarn of 1000dTex fiber number.Another advantage of the yarn that fiber number is higher is to produce yarn and all more cheap than low-titer yarn with the fabric of yarn weaving.
Has embodiment
The present invention is illustrated with some embodiment.
The surface density of fabric or UD layer or assembly (AD) refers to the fabric or the UD layer weight of per unit area.
UD-SB2 is one four a cross-ply assembly, all substantially parallel distribution of the fiber in its each layer and perpendicular to the adjacent layer fiber alignment, and each layer is all weaved by HPPE yarn (Dyneema ).Every layer yarn weight is 26g/m
2The UD-SB2 assembly contains a rubber mass and the two sides is all covered by the PE film.The AD of UD-SB2 assembly is 155g/m
2
UD-SB21 is the assembly of one four cross-ply, all substantially parallel distribution of the fiber in its each layer and perpendicular to the adjacent layer fiber alignment, and each layer is weaved by HPPE yarn (Dyneema ).Every layer of yarn weight is 26g/m
2The UD-SB21 assembly contains a rubber mass and the two sides is all covered by the PE film.The AD of UD-SB21 assembly is 145g/m
2
It is 233g/m based on 1100dTex aramid yarns, AD that Goldflex is one
24 layers intersect cord UD layers.
W557 is 5.1 twill-weave fabrics, and its warp thread and weft yarn are made up of 1760dTex HPPE yarn (Dyneema ).The tissue layer surface density is 270g/m
2This fabric sleaze and drapability are good.
Aromatic poly-amide fabric be a kind of be 200g/m based on 930dTex aramid yarns (Twaron TC), AD
2Non-distortion plain weave fabric.
Twaron VD0461 be a kind of be 475g/m based on 3360dTex aramid yarns, surface density
2Fixing, non-distortion fabric.
Fraglight be a kind of be 205g/m based on HPPE staple fiber, AD greater than 880dTex
2Adhesive-bonded fabric.
In all embodiment and contrast experiment, except that explicit state was arranged, its fabric all was placed in the stress surface of fabric UD vest.
Embodiment one:
With Action3 (A3) bullet respectively with 440,432,433,430 and the shooting of the speed of 437m/s be 5.85kg/m by the total areal density that 29 UD-SB2 assemblies and 5 layers of W557 form
2The vest of lamination preparation.
Penetrate fully without any bullet.This result is very wonderful, because used fabric is the very coarse fabric with 1760dTex Dyneema yarn weaving.Up to now, the developing direction of perfect day by day ballistic fabric still is use meticulousr fabric and every layer lower surface density on the technology.This direction is opposite with the present invention who uses loose weave.
Embodiment two:
The vest that the lamination of being made up of 20 UD-SB2 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 with the shooting of the speed of 385m/s with the A3 bullet prepares.AD is 4.2kg/m
2Vest do not have and penetrate sign fully.Can the stop speed related with embodiment one is that the vest of the Action3 bullet of 430m/s is compared, and for the speed of 385m/s, is 5.85kg/m with reference to AD
2Vest to the absorption of energy, this vest compares envisioned light.
Embodiment three:
Intersect vest that lamination that cord UD layer (Goldflex) assembly and 4 layer W557 forms prepare with the shooting of the speed of 385m/s by 12 aromatic polyamides with the A3 bullet.AD is 3.9kg/m
2Vest do not have and penetrate sign fully.
Embodiment four:
Respectively with 362,378,416,422,430 and the shooting of the speed of 431m/s (every layer AD is 275g/m by 3.1 twill-weave fabrics of 20 UD-SB2 assemblies and 4 layers of 1760dTex yarn weaving
2) (AD is 4.4kg/m for the vest of the lamination preparation formed
2).
378 with taken place to penetrate fully during the speed of 430m/s.362,416,422 and even successfully stop during in 431m/s speed.Because this contradiction (when 378m/s speed penetrate with 431m/s speed the time stop), therefore tested second kind of vest forming preparation by of the same race, the result is: once penetrate fully during 431m/s, and other all stop, just 407,415,426,431,433,425 with during 436m/s speed.Therefore this fabric can stop the A3 bullet in conjunction with SB2, but seems stable inadequately because of penetrating fully when the 378m/s speed.
Embodiment five:
Shooting experimental basis NIJ2 standard is carried out, and promptly with the speed of 425m/s the vest that the lamination of being made up of 20 UD-SB2 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 prepares is tested with the speed of 360m/s and .357Magnum with 9mm.Either way do not occur penetrating fully.Therefore, the AD of the lamination preparation of being made up of 20 UD-SB2 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 is 4.2kg/m
2Vest meet the NIJ standard.It is 4.5kg/m by 29 AD that existing suggestion to the SB-2 vest that meets the NIJ2 standard is one
2The lamination formed of UD-SB2 assembly.
Embodiment six:
Shooting experimental basis NIJ3a standard is carried out:
A, use 9mm: the vest of the lamination preparation of forming by 26 UD-SB2 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 with the speed shooting of 425m/s with 9mm, definite then V50.Discovery has when the speed of 425m/s and stops for three times and V50 is 491m/s.
B, use .44Magnum: vest and definite another V50 of the lamination preparation of forming by 26 UD-SB2 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 with the speed shooting of 425m/s with .44Magnum.Discovery when the speed of 425m/s, have stop for three times and degree of injury less than 44mm, V50 is 476m/s.
Conclusion: the AD of the lamination preparation of being made up of 26 UD-SB2 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 is 5.1kg/m
2Vest meet standard at the NIJ3a of 9mm and .44Magnum.Existing suggestion to the SB2 vest that meets this standard is by 5.3kg/m
2The vest of the lamination preparation formed of UD-SB2 assembly.
Embodiment seven:
The protection test of defence RangerSXT+P+ ammunition.Similar to the Action3 bullet, this is a kind of recessed chieftain's bullet with shell case.
(AD is 4.2kg/m by 20 UD-SB2 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 with the velocity test of 425m/s with Ranger SXT 9mm bullet
2) vest of the lamination preparation formed.
Respectively 421 with realize during 425m/s speed stopping, degree of injury is respectively 33 and 35mm.
Because it is identical to contain the vest of 6 extra UD-SB2 assemblies among vest among tested vest and the embodiment five and the embodiment six, this just means that the vest that is used for NIJ2 and NIJ3a test in embodiment five and six also can stop Ranger SXT+P+ bullet.
Embodiment eight:
, its warp thread loose with 4 layers, easily deformable by 20 UD-SB2 assemblies with the shooting of the speed of 410m/s with the A3 bullet and weft yarn have all added the plain weave fabric (368g/m of 5 parallel HPPE1760dTex yarns (5 lappets)
2) vest of the lamination preparation formed.Do not find that AD is 4.6kg/m
2Vest have and penetrate sign fully.
Embodiment nine:
Loose, easily deformable by 20 UD-SB2 assemblies and 3 layers with the A3 bullet with the shooting of the speed of 410m/s, rope form tissue fabric (287g/m 3 and more a plurality of lappets, that made by the HPPE of 1760dTex arranged
2) vest of the lamination preparation formed.AD is 4.3kg/m
2Vest do not have and penetrate sign fully.
Embodiment ten:
Is 4kg/m with FSP fragment shooting by the total areal density that 20 UD-SB21 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 form
2The vest of lamination preparation to determine V50.
V50 is 549m/s.
Embodiment 11:
Launch with 9mm copper shell that to hit the total areal density of being made up of 20 UD-SB21 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 be 4kg/m
2The vest of lamination preparation.When 383m/s speed, realize stopping.Lesion depths is 25-35mm.
Embodiment 12:
Is 3.7kg/m with FSP fragment shooting by the total areal density that 18 UD-SB21 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 form
2The vest of lamination preparation to determine V50.
V50 is 523m/s.This shows that vest of the present invention has the surprising high V50 value when this low surface density is defendd the FSP fragment.Therefore the energy absorption of per unit surface density is all high especially.
Embodiment 13:
Is 3.7kg/m with standard 9mm bullet shooting by the total areal density that 18 UD-SB21 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 form
2The vest of lamination preparation.When 382m/s speed, realize stopping.Lesion depths is 29-38mm.
Embodiment 14:
Launch with 9mm copper shell that to hit the total areal density of being made up of 18 UD-SB21 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 be 3.7kg/m
2The vest of lamination preparation, when 382m/s speed, realize stopping.Lesion depths is 24-33mm.
Embodiment 15:
Is 3.7kg/m with 9mm patrol SXT bullet (ranger bullets) shooting by the total areal density that 18 UD-SB21 assemblies and 4 layers of W557 form
2The vest of lamination preparation, when 375m/s speed, realize stopping.Lesion depths is 26-31mm.
Comparative experiment A:
Shoot experiment with the A3 bullet with the assembly of different compositions.
The result is as follows:
A) AD of the lamination preparation of being made up of 12 layers of aromatic poly-amide fabric and 29 UD-SB2 assemblies is 6.9kg/m
2Vest when 411m/s speed, penetrate.
B) AD of the lamination preparation of being made up of 20 layers of aromatic poly-amide fabric and 14 SB2 assemblies is 6.2kg/m
2Vest when 442m/s speed, penetrate.
C) AD of the lamination preparation of being made up of 24 layers of aromatic poly-amide fabric and 9 UD-SB2 assemblies is 6.2kg/m
2Vest when 436m/s speed, penetrate.
D) AD by the preparation of the lamination of 28 layers of aromatic poly-amide fabric and 4 layers of SB2 is 6.2kg/m
2Vest when 436m/s speed, penetrate.
E) AD by 31 layers of aromatic poly-amide fabric preparation is 6.2kg/m
2Vest when about 430m/s speed, penetrate.
F) AD for preparing later of the lamination that is placed on 20 UD-SB2 assemblies by 18 layers of aromatic poly-amide fabric is 6.9kg/m
2Vest when 417m/s speed, have fully and penetrate.
G) AD for preparing previously of the lamination that is placed on 29 UD-SB2 assemblies by 10 layers of fraglight is 6.5kg/m
2Vest when about 421m/s speed, have fully and penetrate.
H) be used to stop that speed is that the A3 bullet of 385m/s need use the AD by 21 W557 assemblies preparations to be 5.7kg/m
2Vest.
I) AD by 51 UD-SB2 assembly preparations is 7.9kg/m
2Vest be proved to be and can not stop fully that speed is the A3 bullet of 400m/s.
J) be used to stop that speed is that the number of plies of aromatic poly-amide fabric of the A3 bullet of 430m/s is determined.Reaching this purpose need use an AD to be 6.5kg/m
231 layer laminate.
Contrast experiment B:
Since 20 UD-SB2 assemblies, determine to stop the A3 bullet to need what layer denier count as received be 3360dTex, place the indeformable plain weave aromatic poly-amide fabric (Twaron VD 0461) before the UD-SB2 assembly lamination.Discovery is used to stop that it is 6.8kg/m that A3 needs 20 UD-SB2 assemblies and 8 layers of AD
2Aromatic poly-amide fabric.This is significantly greater than the 4.2kg/m of UD-SB2 and W557 combination
2This result.
Contrast experiment C:
Prepare about 3.2kg/m
2Vest to measure the standard ballistic performance of different materials, determine the V50 of 9mm parabellum then.
The result
Material | The number of plies | AD(kg/m
2)
| V50(m/s) |
SB2 | 20 | 3.1 | 439 |
W557 | 12 | 3.2 | <295 |
Twaron?CT 930?dTex | 16 | 3.2 | 353 |
Twaron VD0461 | 7 | 3.3 | <304 |
These results verifications independent loose weave provide the viewpoint of low water-mark performance: DyneemaW557 and Twaron VD0461 fabric even can not stop the 9mm bullet of about 300m/s speed.The result points out simultaneously that under comparable surface density condition the SB2 performance is better than the aromatic poly-amide fabric based on Twaron CT930dTex.