CN1194178C - Multilayer slide bearing material - Google Patents

Multilayer slide bearing material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1194178C
CN1194178C CNB011193794A CN01119379A CN1194178C CN 1194178 C CN1194178 C CN 1194178C CN B011193794 A CNB011193794 A CN B011193794A CN 01119379 A CN01119379 A CN 01119379A CN 1194178 C CN1194178 C CN 1194178C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
protective layer
volume
percentage
thermoplastic resin
thermosetting resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB011193794A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1327131A (en
Inventor
力示京子
田中拓也
平松伸隆
柴山隆之
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DAIDO BUSH INDUSTRY Co Ltd
Original Assignee
DAIDO BUSH INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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Application filed by DAIDO BUSH INDUSTRY Co Ltd filed Critical DAIDO BUSH INDUSTRY Co Ltd
Publication of CN1327131A publication Critical patent/CN1327131A/en
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Publication of CN1194178C publication Critical patent/CN1194178C/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/201Composition of the plastic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • F16C33/205Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining with two layers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20Thermoplastic resins
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/80Thermosetting resins

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multilayer slide bearing material comprising the protection layer on the surface of a bearing alloy layer. The protection layer 10 is composed of a solid lubricator and a binder comprising a thermoplastic resin dissolvable in a polar solvent and a thermosetting resin. When the thermoplastic resin and the thermosetting resin are dissolved in the solvent, they are harmoniously mixed in a very minute unit near a molecule, and the binder has intermediate nature between the nature of the thermoplastic resin and that of the thermosetting resin.

Description

The material for sliding bearing of multilayer
The present invention relates to the material for sliding bearing of multilayer, its slip surface is coated with the protective layer of solid lubricant.
Sliding bearing is commonly used to as the bearing as marine engine or automobile engine crankshaft.Sliding bearing is to be made of steel base and the copper bearing metal that combines with it or aluminium matter bearing metal.Protective layer normally is coated in the surface of sliding bearing, to improve and to improve adaptation and the stickiness and the wear resistance of sliding.
JP-A-2000-27868 has reported the sliding bearing that is covered in the marine engine on surface if any the teflon of selflubricating.JP-A-58-108299 has then reported the sliding bearing of motor car engine, and its slip surface is coated with protective layer, and protective layer comprises as the solid lubricant of graphite or molybdenum disulfide with as the tackiness agent of phenolic resin or epoxy resin.
Phenolic resin or epoxy resin belong to thermosetting resin, their hardness height, thereby all lack enough adaptations and stickiness.Almost there is not a kind of oiling agent to use can be for engine start the time.The wear debris that is produced when especially between resin and bent axle skimming wear taking place will damage protective layer, will make protective layer just lose effectiveness at the early stage of its use sometimes.
In order to prevent above-mentioned skimming wear, people have proposed to use as contain at protective layer the soft thermoplastic resin of teflon.Yet it lacks enough wear resistancies.In addition, when bent axle caused contacting with a portion of end office (EO) of bearing because of warpage, the contact segment that the thick thermoplastic resin of 10 μ m is arranged approximately was with attenuate, so that protective layer just loses effectiveness at the early stage of its life time.Metal between consequent bearing metal and bent axle and Metal Contact have the possibility of jam (seizure) that cause sliding.
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of material for sliding bearing of multilayer, it can prevent the too early wearing and tearing that protective layer causes because of wear debris, and can prevent to contact with the part of mating section and the slip jam that produces.
Multilayer plain bearing material provided by the invention includes the surface that a protective layer is coated on bearing alloy layer, is characterized in that protective layer (10) includes solid lubricant and tackiness agent, and tackiness agent comprises thermoplastic resin and the thermosetting resin that dissolves in polar solvent; Solid lubricant comprises at least a in teflon, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide and the graphite; Thermoplastic resin comprises polyether sulfone; Thermosetting resin comprises at least a in polyamidoimide, the epoxy resin; Polar solvent comprises dimethylacetylamide or N-N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N-; When the percentage by volume of thermosetting resin is 100%, the percentage by volume of thermoplastic resin from 1 to 100%.
When thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin were dissolved in the solvent, they were to mix fully each other as the small unit of molecule.The tackiness agent of Xing Chenging has the intermediate characteristic of thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin thus.Even correspondingly protective layer has local the contact also to be difficult to distortion with mating section, thereby has sizable intensity.Therefore can prevent that too early wearing and tearing that protective layer uses and slip alloy-layer from contacting with metal-metal between mating section.In addition, because tackiness agent has suitable hardness, can keep desired slip adaptation and stickiness.Even tackiness agent exhausts with the slip of mating section the time, can there be the damage of the degree of depth on the protective layer surface at its use early stage yet and loses effectiveness.
A kind of preferred form of protective layer is that the percentage by volume of thermosetting resin is 100% o'clock, and the percentage by volume of thermoplastic resin is 1% to 100%.When the percentage by volume of thermoplastic resin less than 1% the time, tackiness agent has the characteristic that is similar to thermosetting resin.Correspondingly the adaptation of tackiness agent and stickiness are poor, the too early skimming wear that abrasive dust causes can occur.And when thermoplastic resin volume percentage surpassed 100%, tackiness agent had the characteristic that is similar to thermoplastic resin.Because at this moment the hardness of protective layer reduces, the decline of wear resistance will be arranged, and appearance contacts with the part of mating section and the metal-metal that produces contacts.
Another kind of preferred form is that protective layer contains the solid lubricant that is not higher than 80% percentage by volume.Solid lubricant has reduced the friction factor of protective layer.Be higher than 80% volume as solid lubricant, the percentage of thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin reduces, and at this moment solid lubricant can not remain, and the wear resistance of the intensity of protective layer and corresponding protection layer all will lower.
Another preferred form is that protective layer contains the solid particles that is no more than 5% percentage by volume.Solid particles can improve the wear resistance of protective layer.When the solid particles percentage by volume surpasses 5%, the impact of protective layer increases, and causes its mating section to damage, or owing to the damage of its mating section makes protective layer lose effectiveness.
The present invention will only make narration with example with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the sectional drawing of the sliding bearing in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of sliding bearing; With
Fig. 3 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of marine engine crank.
Table 3 has been listed the sliding bearing and the friction with sliding bearing of traditional protection layer of the protective layer 10 with the present embodiment, wearing and tearing and jam result of experiment in addition.
One embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.This embodiment is that the present invention is applied on the sliding bearing of marine engine crank pin.
At first referring to Fig. 3, it shows for the crank pin bearing 1 that uses on the marine engine bent axle.Crank pin bearing 1 comprises bearing box 2 and the sliding bearing 3 that is enclosed within on the bearing box.Bearing box 2 comprises toggle-action lever 4, is contained in last box 5 and the following box 6 that is contained in the box bottom on the toggle-action lever.Sliding bearing 3 comprises self two half-cylindrical sliding bearing 7 to putting.A half-cylindrical bearing 7 as shown in Figure 2, each bearing 7 is called " half bearing " after herein.Fig. 1 shows that each half bearing 7 comprises the metallic matrix 8 of steel plate system, contains protective layer 10 alumin(i)um bearing alloy and that be attached to the alloy-layer 9 on the metallic matrix and applying at alloy-layer surface (bearing surface).Protective layer 10 is to use suitable painting method, and methods such as for example spraying, roller coat or brushing apply.
Protective layer 10 comprises solid lubricant and the tackiness agent of being made up of thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin.The thickness range of protective layer 10 is at 5 to 40 μ m, preferably at 10 to 30 μ m.The solid lubricant of protective layer 10 comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), molybdenum disulfide (MOS 2), tungsten disulfide (WS 2), or graphite (GR).The polyether sulfone (PES) that is dissolved in polar solvent such as dimethylacetylamide (DMAC), N-N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N-(NMP) is used as thermoplastic resin.The polyamidoimide (PAI) or epoxy (EP) resin that are dissolved in the polar solvent are used as thermosetting resin.
Now narrate the making method of half bearing 7.At first, on the steel plate that constitutes parent metal 8, place the aluminum alloy (plate) that is bonded to steel plate, on aluminum alloy, place the alumin(i)um bearing alloy plate again, by the roll-in method they are pressed into alloy-layer 9 then, just make the bimetallic alloy-layer that is attached on the steel plate thus.Obtain to have the small pieces of the size of pre-determining with this bimetal.This sheet is curved into uncoated semifinished product.Subsequently these semifinished product are made predetermined mechanical process, further these semifinished product are done to comprise the pretreatment that degrease and acid dip or acyl are washed again.
Aspect in addition is with solid lubricant such as PTFE, MOS 2, WS 2Or Gr is incorporated among polar solvent such as DMAC or the NMP.In case of necessity, again will be as TiO 2Deng solid particles, be incorporated in the polar solvent as the thermoplastic resin of PES with as the thermosetting resin of PAI or EP.These materials are mixed with each other and stir and make the liquid of dispersion.Thermoplastic resin can mix as the small unit of molecule in solvent each other fully with thermosetting resin.In this case, the preferred solid lubricant percentage by volume of protective layer is no more than 80%.Further preferably when the thermosetting resin percentage by volume is 100%, the percentage by volume scope of thermoplastic resin is 1% to 100%.In addition, as be added with solid particles, solid particles content should preferably be no more than 5% volume in the protective layer.
120 ℃ heat pretreatment semifinished product.Use spray method that the liquid of above-mentioned dispersion is sprayed on the surface of semifinished product alloy-layer 9.Semifinished product are heated to 180 ℃ subsequently, dried liquid that order disperses and semifinished product solidify., curing, solvent makes half bearing 7 because evaporating.The half bearing 7 of gained contains the protective layer 10 that tightly invests alloy-layer 9 surfaces.Protective layer 10 includes tackiness agent, solid lubricant and the solid particles that contains thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin.The thickness of protective layer 10 is 20 μ m.
The sliding bearing that the present embodiment protective layer 10 and traditional protection layer are arranged is at friction coefficient measurement, and the experimental result of friction and wear experiment and jam experiment aspect is as shown in table 3.Numeral in the table 3 in the tackiness agent one row bracket is that the percentage by volume of thermosetting resin is the percentage by volume ratio of 100% o'clock thermoplastic resin.The experimental condition that the friction and wear that uses the promotion testing machine to do is tested sees Table 1.Wear extent is the measured load that promotes after testing machine started to work 2 hours.Friction factor shown in the table 3 is the measured load after experiment finishes.The experimental condition that the jam of using same promotion testing machine to do is tested is as shown in table 2.Each testing machine work makes the bearing surface pressurized continue half an hour can make bearing surface pressure increase 3MPa.When the bearing substrate temperature reaches 200 ℃ or the motor of electric current by the live axle rated load that bearing is born when recording the current anomaly value for producing the required rated load of jam.
Table 1
The experimental condition of friction and wear experiment
Experiment slice size φ 22 * φ 27.2mm
Surface pressure 5MPa
Rotating speed 4rpm
Circumferential speed 0.005m/sec
Unlubricated dose of lubrication
Time 2hrs
Temperature normal temperature
Rotating shaft material S55C
Roughness 1.0R Maxμ m
180 to 220Hv10kg
Table 2
The experimental condition of jam experiment
Experiment slice size φ 22 * φ 27.2mm
The surface pressure 3MPa that at every turn adds up
Rotating speed 1500rpm
Circumferential speed 2m/sec
Lubrication SAE#30
Each surperficial pressurized 0.5hr of time
60 ℃ of temperature
Rotating shaft material S55C
Roughness 1.0R Maxμ m
500 to 700Hv10kg
Table 3
Tackiness agent Solid lubricant Solid particles Friction factor Wear extent (μ m) The rated load of jam (MPa)
PAI EP PES PTFE Gr TiO 2
Contrast product 1 80 20 0.15 10 9
2 40 60 0.12 18 12
3 10 90 0.08 20< 3
4 40 60 0.12 16 15
5 40 60 0.12 18 15
6 39 60 1 0.13 13 15
7 40 60 0.12 16 9
The embodiment product 8 60 (100) 20(33.3) 20 0.11 10 15
9 20(100) 20(100) 60 0.10 14 18
10 20(100) 20(100) 60 0.10 10 21
11 38(100) 1(2.6) 60 1 0.11 12 18
Numeral in the bracket is that the percentage by volume of thermosetting resin is 100% o'clock, the percentage by volume ratio of thermoplastic resin.
See the friction factor of the present embodiment product from table 3, wear resistance and antiseize characteristic all are superior to contrast product.Contrast product 2,4, every kind of resin that 40% percentage by volume is all arranged is as tackiness agent in 5,7, and this value is same as in the present embodiment product 9,10 every kind resin volume percent value.Yet every kind of thermosetting resin and contrast product 5 that only contains 40% percentage by volume only contains 40% thermoplastic resin in the contrast product 2,4 and 7.Aspect in addition, every kind of thermoplastic resin that contains 20% percentage by volume thermosetting resin and 20% percentage by volume in the present embodiment product 9,10, total amount is the resin of 40% percentage by volume.
Contrast product 2,4,5 and 7 wear extent scope is 16 to 18 μ m, and the wear extent scope of the present embodiment product 9 and 10 is 10 to 14 μ m.In addition, contrast product 2,4,5 and 7 jam load value is 9 to 15MPa, and the jam load value of the present embodiment product 9 and 10 is 18 to 21MPa.Therefore, the present embodiment product is superior to contrast product.
Further again, to make comparisons each other as contrast product 1 and the present embodiment product 8, two kinds of products all are the resins that contains 80% percentage by volume.But, contrast product 1 only contains the thermosetting resin of 80% volume, and the present embodiment product 8 then is to contain the thermosetting resin of 60% volume and the thermoplastic resin of 20% volume.Although the present embodiment product 8 and contrast product 1 have same wear resistance, be that the former is superior to the latter aspect the anti-slip jam characteristic.
Two series products with the resin that contained as tackiness agent.Contrast product 3 has the solid lubricant of 90% percentage by volume.Correspondingly, the tackiness agent percentage by volume that contains of contrast product 3 has only 10%.Therefore tackiness agent is bad to the adhesiveness of solid lubricant, and contrast product 3 will not have enough intensity, and its wear extent has surpassed 20 μ m.And on the other hand, the present embodiment product 8 to 11 every kind of contained solid lubricant percentage by volumes all are no more than 80%.Owing to the bonding of solid lubricant forms by means of tackiness agent, so the wear extent of these products is little.
In addition, in the present embodiment product 8 to 11, when the percentage by volume 100% of thermosetting resin (PAI or EP), the percentage by volume of thermoplastic resin (PES) has 2.6% to 100%.Each product of De the present embodiment product 8 to 11 all has the good wear resistance and the characteristic of antiseize thus.Thereby when the percentage by volume of thermosetting resin be 100% and the percentage by volume of thermoplastic resin when having 1% to 100% can obtain satisfactory product aspect wear resistance and antiseize characteristic.
Relatively contrast product 2 and 6 shows that adding solid particles can improve wear resistance and antiseize characteristic.Further, relatively contrast product 6 and 11 of the present embodiment products show when the adding solid particles and contain thermosetting property simultaneously and during thermoplastic two kinds of resins, the wear resistance of product and antiseize characteristic also will further improve in tackiness agent.
Solid lubricant is not limited to PTFE, MoS 2, WS 2Or Gr.Thermoplastic resin is not limited to PES.Thermosetting resin is not limited to PAI or EP.Tackiness agent can comprise polyester resin or vinylite.Although used TiO in the described in front embodiment 2As solid particles, but it also can be by Al 2O 3, BN or SiO 2Replace.Be to apply the present invention to marine engine in aforesaid embodiment, but the present invention also can be applicable to motor car engine or other motor.
The narration of front and accompanying drawing only are the explanations to main points of the present invention, and it is not construed as limiting the invention.Various change of the present invention and mutation will be to understand easily for a person skilled in the art.Can see various changes and variation in the scope of the invention fully from appending claims.

Claims (4)

1. a multilayer plain bearing material that includes the protective layer (10) that coats the bearing metal laminar surface is characterized in that protective layer (10) includes solid lubricant and tackiness agent, and tackiness agent comprises thermoplastic resin and the thermosetting resin that dissolves in polar solvent; Solid lubricant comprises at least a in teflon, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide and the graphite; Thermoplastic resin comprises polyether sulfone; Thermosetting resin comprises at least a in polyamidoimide, the epoxy resin; Polar solvent comprises dimethylacetylamide or N-N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N-; When the percentage by volume of thermosetting resin is 100%, the percentage by volume of thermoplastic resin from 1 to 100%.
2. the multilayer plain bearing material of claim 1 is characterized in that the percentage by volume of solid lubricant is not higher than 80% in the protective layer when the percentage by volume of whole compositions of protective layer is 100%.
3. the multilayer plain bearing material of claim 1 is characterized in that the percentage by volume of the solid particles that contains in the protective layer is no more than 5%, and described solid particles comprises TiO 2, Al 2O 3, BN and SiO 2In at least a.
4. the multilayer plain bearing material of claim 2 is characterized in that the solid particles percentage by volume that contains in the protective layer is no more than 5%, and described solid particles comprises TiO 2, Al 2O 3, BN and SiO 2In at least a.
CNB011193794A 2000-06-01 2001-06-01 Multilayer slide bearing material Expired - Fee Related CN1194178C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP164433/2000 2000-06-01
JP2000164433A JP3715512B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2000-06-01 Multi-layer sliding material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1327131A CN1327131A (en) 2001-12-19
CN1194178C true CN1194178C (en) 2005-03-23

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KR (1) KR100685546B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1194178C (en)
CH (1) CH695221A5 (en)

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JP2001343022A (en) 2001-12-14
CH695221A5 (en) 2006-01-31
KR20010109478A (en) 2001-12-10
JP3715512B2 (en) 2005-11-09
KR100685546B1 (en) 2007-02-22
CN1327131A (en) 2001-12-19

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