CN1193683C - Process for separating soybean hypocoty in germinal phase to use soybean isoflavone - Google Patents
Process for separating soybean hypocoty in germinal phase to use soybean isoflavone Download PDFInfo
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- CN1193683C CN1193683C CNB021149909A CN02114990A CN1193683C CN 1193683 C CN1193683 C CN 1193683C CN B021149909 A CNB021149909 A CN B021149909A CN 02114990 A CN02114990 A CN 02114990A CN 1193683 C CN1193683 C CN 1193683C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for separating soybean hypocotyl in a sprouting period for utilizing soybean isoflavone by starting soybean seeds in a dormant state to quickly sprout. The method comprises: starting soybean seeds by the instant stimulation of scalding and soaking with hot water, soaking the soybean seeds in cold water for sprouting to an initial sprouting state, peeling off, splitting soybean cotyledon, separating cotyledons and soybean hypocotyl, drying at a low temperature, etc. The method has the advantages of simplicity, easy operation and high separation efficiency, and the method can effectively prevent the bioactivities of integral soybean hypocotyl and contained soybean isoflavone from damage. A solvent method can be used for further extracting soybean isoflavone from the obtained soybean hypocotyl. By the indication of research, the estrogenic effect of the soybean isoflavone influences in-vivo hormone level, is helpful to improve postmenopausal hot flush, vaginitis, etc. for women and has obvious effects on cardiovascular protection, bone metabolism influence and cancer prevention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soya seeds that is in the resting state by startup and sprout fast, separate the method for soybean plumular axis at sprouting period.
Background technology
Isoflavones (Isoflavones of Soybean) is mainly derived from fabaceous pod beans, wherein the content in the soybean is higher, be distributed in soya seeds plumular axis and the cotyledon, content is few in the kind skin, isoflavone content is 0.1%～0.3% in the cotyledon, and isoflavone content is 5～10 times of cotyledon concentration in the plumular axis.Human experimentation shows that isoflavones mainly is absorbed in enteron aisle, absorptivity is 10%～40%. and the soybean of bud can strengthen the absorption of isoflavones after edible, and absorptivity is 20%～60%.Discover, the estrogen-like action of isoflavones has influence on that sex hormone secretion, metabolism and BA, protein are synthetic, growth factor activity, cell malignant proliferation, differentiation, cell adheres to and blood vessel generates, its effect to important steroids biosynthesis key enzyme also influences the hormone in vivo level, help to improve symptoms such as postmenopausal women's hot flash and vaginitis, the generation of osteoporosis is also had prevention effect.The Japanese national dietary survey the analysis showed that, in Japan's resident meals every day approximately about human consumption soybean 70g, Watanabe etc. studies show that, because the equal human consumption soybean goods of morning, dinner of every day on Japanese resident's tradition diet structure, the intake of isoflavones is about 40mg/d, to the influence of cardiovascular protective action and bone metabolism and obvious for pre-anti-cancer generation effect.Discover, different processing methods is bigger to the isoflavone content and the composition influence of soy food product, process can cause the remarkable loss (P＜0.05) of isoflavones: as to soak after 36 hours loss be 14%, it is 51% that hot-working was boiled after 10 minutes, bean curd is fabricated to 44%, and soybean protein isolate is 53% if extract loss with alkali.Immersion and heating reduce and corresponding acetyl isoflavones increase the malonyl daidzin, and free glucoside is first to be increased.Fermentation and alkali extract the glucoside unit of dissociating is increased.Soybean and goods thereof all contain isoflavones, and content is 2014 μ g/g in heavy in the soy meal, and content is 531 μ g/g dry weights in the bean curd, and soybean protein isolate content is 987 μ g/g dry weights, and content is 73 μ g/g dry weights in the FSPC.By daily human consumption soybean and goods thereof no doubt is a channel of picked-up isoflavones, but influence health-care effect owing to intake is not enough, therefore, by soybean deep processing comprehensive utilization, separating soybean plumular axis from soya seeds is a kind of economically viable method for replenishing isoflavones.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of soya seeds that is in the resting state by startup and sprout fast, separate soybean plumular axis for the method for utilizing isoflavones at sprouting period.
Cover because the special morphosis of soya seeds, the soybean plumular axis of sesame size are close to the cotyledon of two hypertrophys and are formed cornified fine and close palisade tissue kind suitcase, it is very difficult to separate complete soybean plumular axis usually.The present invention finds that soya seeds scalds bubble moment stimulation through hot water and starts, can impel the soybean that is in the resting state to sprout fast, the soya seeds cotyledon of the initial bud of sprouting period and soybean plumular axis energy delamination also keep the complete and contained isoflavones biologically active of plumular axis not to be damaged.
Method of the present invention comprises sprouts soya seeds to initial bud through cold water soak, and technique process such as decortication, soybean cotyledon distinguish, cotyledon separate with soybean plumular axis, low temperature drying.Concrete steps are as follows:
One, cold water soak is sprouted to initial bud: use the cold water soak soya seeds, water temperature is 10～34 ℃, is generally 18～25 ℃; Soak time is 2.5 hours to 16 hours, is generally 4～10 hours.
The soya seeds sprouting period is from imbibition, and along with the increase of plumular axis and cotyledon water content, plasm is transformed into collosol state by gel state, and respiratory metabolism strengthens, and plants skin and expands, and oxygen penetrates, and the enzyme system activity strengthens.Paotoblastic metabolism promotes the plumular axis elongation to be initial bud.
Used soya seeds is fresh with mature and plump, complete, the no disease and pest of shape and kind skin light to be good, preferably rejects flat grain, breaks the lobe grain and the grain of damaging by worms through screening.
Two, decortication operation: the soya seeds that will be initial bud places common industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed to roll and peeled 1 minute to 3 minutes, rotating speed is 30 rev/mins to 500 rev/mins, the soya seeds cotyledon that is the expansion bud is peeled off easily with planting skin, further places separating tank to add the soybean peel that water will be suspended in the water surface and separates with cotyledon.
Three, soybean cotyledon distinguish and cotyledon separate with soybean plumular axis: the soybean cotyledon that will peel places common industrial dejacketer, adopt middling speed to stir scroll process 1 minute to 5 minutes, rotating speed is 600 rev/mins to 5000 rev/mins, make two cotyledons that are the state of holding tightly by distinguish, and will be close to separated the peeling off of soybean plumular axis of soybean cotyledon.Further placing separating tank to add the soybean plumular axis that water will be half suspended state separates with the soybean cotyledon of the distinguish that is deposited in bottom land.The soybean cotyledon of distinguish can be used as raw material and is applied to the soybean deep processing industries after heated-air drying.
Four, low temperature drying: with the common industrial low-temperature drying device drying of separating of soybean plumular axis warp, baking temperature is generally 25 ℃ to 65 ℃, and be 1 hour to 8 hours drying time, is generally 2 hours to 6 hours; Also can adopt Minton dryer or vacuum freezedrying device to carry out drying.Through the dried soybean plumular axis of low temperature drying device, can keep its contained isoflavones biologically active not to be damaged, and keep plumular axis complete.
Said method also can be before using the cold water soak soya seeds, and earlier soya seeds being scalded bubble with hot water stimulates, and the hot water amount of adding is generally more than 1 times of soya seeds weight; The hot water temperature is 55～93 ℃, is generally 70～83 ℃; Scalding the bubble time decides with water temperature, is generally 5 seconds to 2 minute; Brew cooling with cold water subsequently.And then sprout to initial bud with cold water soak.Ripe, dry soya seeds is because water content is low, and plasm is gel state, and the soya seeds that is in hibernation scalds bubble through hot water to stimulate, and the soya seeds sprouting period is started fast.
The inventive method is simple to operation, the separative efficiency height, and can effectively keep complete soybean plumular axis and contained isoflavones biologically active is not damaged.Resulting soybean plumular axis can be through further employing solvent lixiviation process extracting soybean isoflavone.Discover that the estrogen-like action of isoflavones has influence on the hormone in vivo level, help to improve symptoms such as postmenopausal women's hot flash and vaginitis, to the influence of cardiovascular protective action and bone metabolism and obvious for pre-anti-cancer generation effect.
The invention described above method is separated the soybean plumular axis that obtains can further adopt the more weak solvent leaching extraction glucoside unit of polarity again with the common stronger solvent leaching extraction glucoside of polarity that adopts of industrial production; Combining extraction liquid also is total isoflavones after low temperature drying.Leaching extraction can adopt industry leaching equipment commonly used, can select rotocel extractor for use, ring-like infuser, crawler belt-frame infuser or pot type infuser etc.; Mixed liquor separates can adopt the mixed liquor stripping apparatus, can select type equipment such as disk stripping column, laminar stripper, material filling type stripper or tubular type stripper for use.Can adopt following process conditions during leaching extraction (glucoside or glucoside unit): 20～100 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction temperature is 40～55 ℃ usually; Solvent and plumular axis weight ratio are 0.2～3: 1; Extraction time is 3～180 minutes, is generally 60～80 minutes.In the soybean plumular axis leaching extraction process, used solvent can be recycled.
Isoflavones is divided into the glucoside unit (Aglycon) of free type and glucoside (Glucosides) two classes of mating type, and glucoside unit accounts for the 2%-3% of total amount, and glucoside accounts for the 97%-98% of total amount.Therefore extracting soybean isoflavone adopts solvent leaching two step method to extract usually.The general available ethyl acetate of glucoside, acetone, ethanol, methyl alcohol, water or the stronger mixed solvent of some polarity extract as methyl alcohol and water (1: 1); Glucoside unit is with the more weak solvent of polarity, as extractions such as ether, chloroform, ethanol ethyl esters.Industrial production adopts the stronger solvent extraction glucoside of polarity usually, further adopts the more weak solvent extraction glucoside unit of polarity again.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one:
100 kilograms of the soya seeds of screening mature and plump, adding 83 ℃ of hot water 200 liters of moments scalds bubble and stimulated for 5 seconds, the soya seeds sprouting period is started fast, brew cooling with cold water subsequently, be positioned over again in the cold water and soaked 7 hours, soaking water temperature is 21 ℃, and soya seeds has expanded and has been initial bud; Peeled off soybean peel in 1 minute through industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed rolling decortication, rotating speed is 40 rev/mins, placing separating tank to add the kind skin that water will be suspended in the water surface separates with soybean cotyledon, stirring to roll through industrial dejacketer middling speed again made two cotyledons that are the state of hugging by distinguish in 2.5 minutes, soybean plumular axis is separated to be peeled off, rotating speed is 3000 rev/mins, and the soybean plumular axis that places separating tank will be half suspended state once more separates with soybean cotyledon.Adopt low temperature drying device that soybean plumular axis is carried out drying, baking temperature is 45 ℃, and be 5 hours drying time, can obtain the complete soybean plumular axis that contained isoflavones biologically active is not damaged.
Embodiment two:
100 kilograms of the soya seeds of screening mature and plump, add 200 liters of boiling hot bubble stimulations of moments of 70 ℃ of hot water 2 minutes, the soya seeds sprouting period is started fast, brew cooling with cold water subsequently, be positioned over again in the cold water and soaked 6.5 hours, soaking water temperature is 20 ℃, and soya seeds has expanded and has been initial bud; Peeled off soybean peel in 3 minutes through industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed rolling decortication, rotating speed is 30 rev/mins, placing separating tank to add the kind skin that water will be suspended in the water surface separates with soybean cotyledon, stirring to roll through industrial dejacketer middling speed again made two cotyledons that are the state of hugging by distinguish in 5 minutes, soybean plumular axis is separated to be peeled off, rotating speed is 600 rev/mins, and the soybean plumular axis that places separating tank will be half suspended state once more separates with soybean cotyledon.Adopt low temperature drying device that soybean plumular axis is carried out drying, baking temperature is 25 ℃, be 8 hours drying time, through further adopting solvent to leach the two step method extracting soybean isoflavone, the solvent that adopts can be that methyl alcohol and water (1: 1) extract, and then extract with chloroform, mixed liquor separates can adopt dish formula stripper stripping apparatus, and combining extraction liquid is isoflavones after low temperature drying.
Embodiment three:
100 kilograms of the soya seeds of screening mature and plump, add 200 liters of boiling hot bubble stimulations of moments of 75 ℃ of hot water 1.5 minutes, the soya seeds sprouting period is started fast, brew cooling with cold water then, be positioned over again in the cold water and soaked 5 hours, soaking water temperature is 24 ℃, and soya seeds has expanded and has been initial bud; Peeled off soybean peel in 2 minutes through industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed rolling decortication, rotating speed is 200 rev/mins, placing separating tank to add the kind skin that water will be suspended in the water surface separates with soybean cotyledon, adopting middling speed to stir rolling through industrial dejacketer again made two cotyledons that are the state of hugging by distinguish in 4 minutes, soybean plumular axis is separated to be peeled off, rotating speed is 1000 rev/mins, and the soybean plumular axis that places separating tank will be half suspended state once more separates with soybean cotyledon.Adopt Minton dryer that soybean plumular axis is carried out drying, baking temperature is 60 ℃, and be 2 hours drying time, can obtain the complete soybean plumular axis that contained isoflavones biologically active is not damaged.
Embodiment four:
100 kilograms of the soya seeds of screening mature and plump, add 200 liters of boiling hot bubble stimulations of moments of 60 ℃ of hot water 4 minutes, make the soybean kind sprouting period started fast, brew cooling with cold water subsequently, be positioned over again in the cold water and soaked 5 hours, soaking water temperature is 25 ℃, and soya seeds has expanded and has been initial bud; Peeled off soybean peel in 1.5 minutes through industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed rolling decortication, rotating speed is 300 rev/mins, placing separating tank to add the kind skin that water will be suspended in the water surface separates with soybean cotyledon, adopting middling speed to stir rolling through industrial dejacketer again made two cotyledons that are the state of hugging by distinguish in 3.5 minutes, soybean plumular axis is separated to be peeled off, rotating speed is 1500 rev/mins, and the soybean plumular axis that places separating tank will be half suspended state once more separates with soybean cotyledon.Adopt low temperature drying device that soybean plumular axis is carried out drying, baking temperature is 50 ℃, and be 4.5 hours drying time, can obtain the complete soybean plumular axis that contained isoflavones biologically active is not damaged.
Embodiment five:
100 kilograms of the soya seeds of screening mature and plump, adding 93 ℃ of hot water 200 liters of moments scalds bubble and stimulated for 4 seconds, the soya seeds sprouting period is started fast, brew cooling with cold water subsequently, be positioned over again in the cold water and soaked 4 hours, soaking water temperature is 30 ℃, and soya seeds has expanded and has been initial bud; Peel off soybean peel 50 seconds through the decortication of rolling of industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed, rotating speed is 450 rev/mins, placing separating tank to add the kind skin that water will be suspended in the water surface separates with soybean cotyledon, adopting middling speed to stir rolling through industrial dejacketer again made two cotyledons that are the state of hugging by distinguish in 2 minutes, soybean plumular axis is separated to be peeled off, rotating speed is 3000 rev/mins, and the soybean plumular axis that places separating tank will be half suspended state once more separates with soybean cotyledon.Adopt low temperature drying device that soybean plumular axis is carried out drying, baking temperature is 62 ℃, and be 2 hours drying time, can obtain the complete soybean plumular axis that contained isoflavones biologically active is not damaged.
Embodiment six:
100 kilograms of the soya seeds of screening mature and plump add 80 ℃ of hot water and rise moment and scald and steep 10 seconds of stimulation, and the soya seeds sprouting period is started fast, brew cooling with cold water subsequently, be positioned in the cold water again and soaked 16 hours, soaking water temperature is 10 ℃, and soya seeds has expanded and has been initial bud; Peeled off soybean peel in 1 minute through industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed rolling decortication, rotating speed is 300 rev/mins, placing separating tank to add the kind skin that water will be suspended in the water surface separates with soybean cotyledon, adopting middling speed to stir rolling through industrial dejacketer again made two cotyledons that are the state of hugging by distinguish in 1.5 minutes, soybean plumular axis is separated to be peeled off, rotating speed is 4000 rev/mins, and the soybean plumular axis that places separating tank will be half suspended state once more separates with soybean cotyledon.Adopt low temperature drying device that soybean plumular axis is carried out drying, baking temperature is 60 ℃, and be 2 hours drying time, can obtain the complete soybean plumular axis that contained isoflavones biologically active is not damaged.
Embodiment seven:
100 kilograms of the soya seeds of screening mature and plump, adding 78 ℃ of hot water 200 liters of moments scalds bubble and stimulated for 15 seconds, the soya seeds sprouting period is started fast, brew cooling with cold water subsequently, be positioned over again in the cold water and soaked 2.5 hours, soaking water temperature is 34 ℃, and soya seeds has expanded and has been initial bud; Peeled off soybean peel in 1 minute through industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed rolling decortication, rotating speed is 300 rev/mins, adding the kind skin that water will be suspended in the water surface in the separating tank separates with soybean cotyledon, adopting middling speed to stir rolling through industrial dejacketer again made two cotyledons that are the state of hugging by distinguish in 1.5 minutes, soybean plumular axis is separated to be peeled off, rotating speed is 4000 rev/mins, and the soybean plumular axis that places separating tank will be half suspended state once more separates with soybean cotyledon.Adopt low temperature drying device that soybean plumular axis is carried out drying, baking temperature is 30 ℃, be 8 hours drying time, through industrial production two step lixiviation process with polarity stronger solvent such as ethanol extraction glucoside, and then adopt more weak solvent of polarity such as ethanol ethyl ester to extract glucoside unit, mixed liquor separates can adopt dish formula stripper stripping apparatus, and combining extraction liquid is isoflavones after low temperature drying.
Embodiment eight:
100 kilograms of the soya seeds of screening mature and plump are positioned in the cold water and soaked 8 hours, and soaking water temperature is 25 ℃, and soya seeds has expanded and has been initial bud; Peeled off soybean peel in 1 minute through industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed rolling decortication, rotating speed is 300 rev/mins, placing separating tank to add the kind skin that water will be suspended in the water surface separates with soybean cotyledon, adopting middling speed to stir rolling through industrial dejacketer again made two cotyledons that are the state of hugging by distinguish in 1.5 minutes, soybean plumular axis is separated to be peeled off, rotating speed is 4000 rev/mins, and the soybean plumular axis that places separating tank will be half suspended state once more separates with soybean cotyledon.Adopt low temperature drying device that soybean plumular axis is carried out drying, baking temperature is 60 ℃, and be 2 hours drying time, can obtain the complete soybean plumular axis that contained isoflavones biologically active is not damaged.
Embodiment nine:
100 kilograms of the soya seeds of screening mature and plump place cold water to soak 9 hours, and soaking water temperature is 21 ℃, and soya seeds has expanded and has been initial bud; Peeled off soybean peel in 1 minute through industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed rolling decortication, rotating speed is 40 rev/mins, placing separating tank to add the kind skin that water will be suspended in the water surface separates with soybean cotyledon, stirring to roll through industrial dejacketer middling speed again made two cotyledons that are the state of hugging by distinguish in 2.5 minutes, soybean plumular axis is separated to be peeled off, rotating speed is 3000 rev/mins, and the soybean plumular axis that places separating tank will be half suspended state once more separates with soybean cotyledon.Adopt low temperature drying device that soybean plumular axis is carried out drying, baking temperature is 45 ℃, and be 5 hours drying time, can obtain the complete soybean plumular axis that contained isoflavones biologically active is not damaged.
Claims (6)
1. method of separating soybean plumular axis, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1), use the cold water soak soya seeds: water temperature is 10～34 ℃; Soak time is 2.5 hours to 16 hours;
(2), will place common industrial dejacketer stirring at low speed to roll through the soya seeds that step (1) is handled peeled 1 minute to 3 minutes, rotating speed is 30 rev/mins to 500 rev/mins, the soya seeds cotyledon is peeled off with planting skin, further placed separating tank to add the soybean peel that water will be suspended in the water surface and separate with cotyledon;
(3), the soybean cotyledon that will peel places common industrial dejacketer, adopt middling speed to stir scroll process 1 minute to 5 minutes, rotating speed is 600 rev/mins to 5000 rev/mins, will be two cotyledon distinguish of the state of holding tightly, and the soybean plumular axis that will be close to soybean cotyledon separates and to peel off; Further placing separating tank to add the soybean plumular axis that water will be half suspended state separates with the soybean cotyledon of the distinguish that is deposited in bottom land;
(4), with the soybean plumular axis separated through industrial low-temperature drying device drying usually, baking temperature is 25 ℃ to 65 ℃, be 1 hour to 8 hours drying time.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, the water temperature that it is characterized in that the soaking soybean seed is 18～25 ℃; Soak time is for being 5～10 hours.
3. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that be 2 hours to 6 hours the drying time in the step (4).
4. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that step (4) is to adopt Minton dryer or vacuum freezedrying device to carry out drying.
5. according to the described method of one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that before step (1) is with the cold water soak soya seeds, earlier soya seeds being scalded bubble with hot water stimulates, the hot water amount who adds is that 1 times of soya seeds weight is more than the amount, the hot water temperature is 55～93 ℃, scald the bubble time and be 5 seconds to 2 minute, brew cooling with cold water subsequently.
6. in accordance with the method for claim 5, the temperature that it is characterized in that used hot water is 70～83 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021149909A CN1193683C (en) | 2002-03-22 | 2002-03-22 | Process for separating soybean hypocoty in germinal phase to use soybean isoflavone |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021149909A CN1193683C (en) | 2002-03-22 | 2002-03-22 | Process for separating soybean hypocoty in germinal phase to use soybean isoflavone |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1372836A CN1372836A (en) | 2002-10-09 |
| CN1193683C true CN1193683C (en) | 2005-03-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB021149909A Expired - Fee Related CN1193683C (en) | 2002-03-22 | 2002-03-22 | Process for separating soybean hypocoty in germinal phase to use soybean isoflavone |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20050281938A1 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2005-12-22 | Pelican Co., Ltd. | Sterile dehulled soybean and method for producing sterile full fat soy flour |
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