CN1191936A

CN1191936A - Variable-capacity type compressor

Info

Publication number: CN1191936A
Application number: CN98106325A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 太田雅树; 村上叶子; 滨崎胜; 堀真嘉
Original assignee: Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd
Current assignee: Toyota Industries Corp
Priority date: 1997-02-10
Filing date: 1998-02-10
Publication date: 1998-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2018-02-10
Also published as: KR100274693B1; JPH10220347A; CN1090290C; FR2759425A1; KR19980071194A; DE19803863A1; FR2759425B1

Abstract

To provide a variable capacity compressor, which can reduce possibility that the peripheral edge of a shoe is bitten into a space between a cam plate and a piston, can secure the lubrication of a sliding part between the shoe and the piston, and is inexpensive. A piston is connected around the periphery of a cam plate through a pair of approximately semisphere shoes. The piston is reciprocated through the cam plate by the rotation of a driving shaft, and refrigerant gas compression operation is carried out by delivery capacity according to the inclination angle of the cam plate. Cut parts are formed around the peripheral edges of the shoes. These cut parts are formed in a manner that, when the at least cam plate is displaced in a condition of the maximum inclination angle, the peripheral edges of the shoes are positioned on the inner side of the spherical receiving seat 21c of the piston.

Description

Variable-capacity type compressor

The present invention relates to a kind of variable-capacity type compressor, for example, be applied in the on-board air conditioner.

For example, a kind of variable-capacity type compressor of the type of being told about in Japanese unexamined patent open file 61-171886 number still is applied in the on-board air conditioner so far.In this habitual device, in this body, formed a crankcase, and a rotatable live axle is supported by this body also.In a cylinder block of a part that constitutes this body, formed a lot of cylinder-bore, and piston is installed in these cylinder-bore so that to-and-fro motion therein.In this crankcase, cam disk is installed on this live axle so that with its common rotation and can swing, and these pistons are connected to the outer rim position of this cam disk by paired hemisphere guide plate.Because this live axle rotation drives these reciprocating motions of the pistons by this cam disk, thereby makes this piston compress cooled gas according to the tilt angle of this cam disk with certain output capacity.

In this habitual variable-capacity type compressor, each guide plate comprises a hemisphere portion and a planar section, and the boundary between this hemisphere portion and this planar section forms an outer rim side of an acute angle.When the planar section of these two guide plates is connected to the outer surface of this cam disk, formed a spheroid basically by the hemisphere portion of these two just opposed guide plates.Therefore, when because the rotation of this live axle when driving these reciprocating motions of the pistons by this cam disk, just may cause that the sharp-pointed outer rim side of these guide plates is stuck or is absorbed in the slit between this cam disk and these pistons,

Moreover, in above-mentioned habitual variable-capacity type compressor,, must accurately control the pressure in this crankcase in order to control output quantity, therefore, this crankcase is not directly linked gas-entered passageway.In other words, the suction chamber of the cooled gas that contains sufficient lubricant oil from this body end is by in direct this cylinder-bore of inspiration.

Therefore, be that lubricant oil only is inhaled into this crankcase by following dual mode assembling is poured in this machine except lubricant oil.Promptly, a kind of be the seepage gas that lubricant oil is accompanied by the slit of flowing through between cylinder-bore and the piston, another kind is when capacity control drive is opened, lubricant oil is accompanied by this cooled gas of supplying with by gas-entered passageway.Therefore, if when making lubricant oil quantity in crankcase reduce for a certain reason, such as between these guide plates and this piston and those sliding partss between these guide plates and this cam disk tend to the insufficient lubrication that becomes.

In addition, when lubrication state is abominable, in order between these sliding partss of these guide plates and this cam disk, to keep good lubrication state, habitual device has used a kind of metal cam disk by iron content, this metallic surface, is handled such as copper or this type of another kind of metal such as the surface treatment mode that melts the costliness of spraying by a kind of.To this.Hope is made this cam disk by a kind of metal that use contains aluminium, and to reduce the cost of production of this machine, still, in order to keep necessary strength, this cam disk must increase thickness.Yet.Because the thickness of this cam disk increases, for making a pair of guide plate that this cam disk is inserted therebetween form a spheroid, the thickness of these guide plates must reduce, and the result causes the outer rim side of these guide plates to become sharper keen, thereby is easy to be stuck in the slit between cam disk and these pistons.

The present invention is in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, thereby main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of cheap variable-capacity type compressor, when live axle rotation drove these reciprocating motions of the pistons by cam disk, the outer rim side that it can solve these guide plates was stuck in the problem in the slit between cam disk and these pistons.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of variable-capacity type compressor.Make lubricant oil in crankcase can supply with the sliding parts between these guide plates and these pistons effectively, so that lubricated fully these sliding partss.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of variable-capacity type compressor, be included in the body that a crankcase and cylinder-bore are wherein arranged, support and a rotatable live axle by this body, be installed in reciprocating piston in these cylinder-bore, supported by this live axle and with its common rotation and a cam disk in crankcase, swinging, piston is connected to the hemispheric paired guide plate that is roughly on this cam disk, so that because this live axle rotation drives these reciprocating motions of the pistons by this cam disk, thereby make this piston compress cooled gas with certain output capacity, and each guide plate have an outer fringe surface and at least one notch portion on this outer fringe surface according to the size at the tilt angle of this cam disk.

In this variable-capacity type compressor, this notch portion is processed forming on the outer fringe surface of this guide plate, has a bigger angle so that this guide plate of the variable-capacity type compressor of this outer rim side and prior art is compared.Therefore, when the rotation of this live axle drove these reciprocating motions of the pistons by this cam disk, the less meeting in outer rim side of these guide plates was stuck in the slit between this cam disk and these pistons.

And, because these notch portion, between the outer fringe surface of the semi-spherical grooves of these pistons and these guide plates, formed the space of wedge shape.Lubricating in this crankcase by the sliding parts that is sucked effectively by these spaces between these guide plates and these pistons.Therefore, these sliding partss are lubricated fully.

Preferably piston has hemispheric groove, in order to admit these guide plates slidably, and the notch portion of this guide plate has an outer rim side that forms like this and makes that the outer rim side of this guide plate is in the semi-spherical grooves of this piston when this cam disk is placed in position of tilt angle maximum.

In this device, this notch portion forms like this, and when being transformed into the tilt angle of a maximum at least with this cam disk of box lunch, the outer rim side of this guide plate will be in the semi-spherical grooves of this piston.Therefore, even when during the compression process of the output capacity of maximum, having applied bigger compression load, in the also unlikely slit that is stuck between this cam disk and these pistons, the outer rim side of this guide plate.

Preferably each guide plate has the hemisphere portion of the semi-spherical grooves sliding contact of and this piston, a planar section with the outer surface sliding contact of this cam disk, and a cylindrical part that forms along the border between this hemisphere portion and this planar section, described at least one notch portion is formed described cylindrical part.

In this device, this cylindrical part i.e. this notch portion is along the hemisphere portion of this guide plate and processed the forming in border between this planar section.Therefore, be processed to this cylindrical part of a predetermined width on this hemisphere portion and the border between this planar section of this guide plate, thereby process this notch portion easily.

Preferably be processed into this cam disk with a kind of metal that contains aluminium.

In this device, this cam disk is to process with a kind of metal that contains aluminium, therefore can reduce the cost of producing this cam disk.Even increase and these guide plates when being processed to have a thickness that reduces when this cam disk thickness, the outer rim side that also can prevent these guide plates effectively is stuck in the slit between this cam disk and these pistons.

With reference to following accompanying drawing, can from following description, understand the present invention better to the embodiment that preferentially selects for use:

Fig. 1 is according to one embodiment of the present of invention, shows an a kind of sectional view of variable-capacity type compressor;

Fig. 2 is a front view that has the part section that amplifies in proportion, shows the attachment portion of this piston and swash plate; With

Fig. 3 is a sectional view that amplifies by vast scale more, this compressor major component in the displayed map 2.

With reference now to accompanying drawing, describes one embodiment of the present of invention in detail.

With reference to figure 1, an anterior body 11 that constitutes the part of a body is connected to a previous section of a cylinder block 12 of the another part that constitutes this body.A terminal body 13 that also constitutes the part of this body is connected to an end portion of this cylinder block 12 by a valve dish 14.

A suction chamber 13a and an exhaust chamber 13b in this end body 13, have been formed.This valve dish 14 is furnished with a suction valve 14a and an outlet valve 14b.A crankcase 15 is made of the confined space that this front portion body 11 and this cylinder block 12 form.A rotatable live axle 16 supports and passes this crankcase 15 by a pair of radial bearing 17 by this front portion body 11 and this cylinder block 12.

A rotary support member 18 is fixed on this live axle 16.A swash plate (cam disk) 19 is supported by the live axle in this crankcase 15 16, so that this swash plate can slide and swing along its axial direction, and is processed by a kind of metal integral that contains aluminium.This swash plate 19 is connected on this rotary support member 18 by a hinge means 20, and this swash plate 19 can be slided on this axial direction and swing by these hinge means 20 guiding, and can rotate together with this live axle 16.

An allowable angle of inclination of this swash plate 19 is by limiting at a supporting surface that forms and lean against a block 19a on this rotary support member 18 on this swash plate 19.A minimal tilt angle of this swash plate 19 is limited by a supporting surface that is fixed on this live axle 16 and lean against an annular intermediate plate 16b on this swash plate 19.

In this cylinder block 12, form a plurality of cylinder-bore 12a.Attention only demonstrates a cylinder-bore 12a in the plane of Fig. 1, but for example should be understood that, five cylinder-bore 12a can be settled along the axis of this compressor.Reciprocating single head pison 21 is inserted among this cylinder-bore 12a with its top part 21a.A neck location 21b at each piston 21 processes a pair of opposed semi-spherical grooves 21c.A pair of being essentially between the side surface of radially outer position that hemispheric guide plate 22 is positioned in this groove 21c and this swash plate 19, so that the neck location 21b of this piston 21 is connected to the outer fringe position place of this swash plate 19.Anterior body 11 passes through this guide plate 22, this swash plate 19, and this hinge means 20, this rotary support member 18 and this thrust bearing 23 bear the compression reaction force that compression work produced by this piston 21.

A formed gas-entered passageway 24 is in order to be communicated with this crankcase 15 with this exhaust chamber 13b.A capacity control drive 25 is installed in this gas-entered passageway 24.This capacity control drive 25 comprises 26, one control valve bore 27 of a control valve body and one diaphragm 28 in order to the aperture of the control valve bore 27 of regulating this control valve body 26.According to the suction pressure Ps among this suction chamber 13a that acts on by a pressure sensing passage 29 on this diaphragm 28, regulate the aperture of this inlet valve hole 27 by this control valve body 26.

By adjusting the aperture of this capacity control drive 25, will change by the quantity that this gas-entered passageway 24 is fed to the high pressure compressed cooled gas of this crankcase 15 from this exhaust chamber 13b.Acting on pressure P c on the preceding and rear surface of this piston 21 and the difference between the pressure in this cylinder-bore 12a in this crankcase 15 is conditioned.Therefore, the tilt angle of this swash plate 19 changes, and the stroke of this piston 21 will change, thereby this swept volume obtains adjusting.

A formed bleeder passage 30 is in order to be communicated to this suction chamber 13a with this crankcase 15.This bleeder passage 30 comprises a central passage 16a who forms in the central authorities of this live axle 16, an inner space in a terminal central pockets 12b who forms of this cylinder block 12, at a pressure release groove 12c who processes on the not end surfaces of this cylinder block 12 and a pressure relief opening 14c who on this valve dish 14, processes.The front end of this central passage 16a forwardly leads to this crankcase 15 near the radial bearing 17.By this bleeder passage 30, the cooled gas of some is advanced this suction chamber 13a by row by this bleeder passage 30 from this crankcase 15.

Be arranged among this pockets 12b of this cylinder block 12 at the terminal surface of this live axle 16 and a thrust bearing 31 and the axle supported spring 32 between this valve dish 14.

To describe the shape of this guide plate 22 below in detail.

Shown in Fig. 2 and 3, each guide plate 22 has a hemisphere portion 22a and a planar section 22b who contacts with a side slip of the outer fringe position of this swash plate 19 with the semi-spherical grooves 21c sliding contact of this piston 21.A cylindrical part 22c is a notch portion, along processing at this spherical part 22a of this guide plate 22 and the whole circumference face on the border between this planar section 22b.And, along processing a surface with a slope or a conical surface 22d at this cylindrical part 22c of this guide plate 22 and the whole circumference face on the border between this planar section 22b, on the border between this cylindrical part 22c and this hemisphere portion 22a, provide a curved section that has small radii of curvature, so that this cylindrical part 22c is connected smoothly with this hemisphere portion 22a.

Form this cylindrical part 22c by the outer rim position of following a kind of mode by this guide plate 22 of cutting, make when this swash plate 19 moves to position of its tilt angle maximum, the outer rim side of this guide plate 22 can be placed among this semi-spherical grooves 21c of this piston 21

With reference to figure 3, this cylindrical part 22c has formed one first wedge shape space C1 between the outer rim side of this semi-spherical grooves 21c of this piston 21 and this guide plate 22.And this conical surface 22d has formed one second wedge shape space C2 between the 22b surface, this plane of the outer side surface of this swash plate 19 and this guide plate 22.

So the function situation of this variable-capacity type compressor that constitutes will be described below.

In this compressor, when making these live axle 16 rotations by an external drive equipment that carries motor such as a chassis, this swash plate 19 is by this rotary support member 18 and this hinge means 20 and rotation therewith.Rotatablely moving of this swash plate 19 converts a kind of linear reciprocating motion of this piston 21 to by this guide plate 22, and the top section 21a of this piston 21 to-and-fro motion in this cylinder-bore 12a.Because the return movement of this piston 21 from the upper dead center to the lower dead centre, cooled gas is sucked into this cylinder-bore 12a from this suction chamber 13a by pushing this suction valve 14a open.Then, because the outside motion of this piston 21 from the lower dead centre to the upper dead center, the cooled gas in this cylinder-bore 12a is compressed and reaches a predetermined pressure and be discharged among this exhaust chamber 13b by pushing this outlet valve 14b open.

Below, the function situation of controlling its capacity in the variable-capacity type compressor is described.

Under the bigger situation of cooling load, higher suction pressure Ps will act on this diaphragm 28 of this capacity control drive 25 in this suction chamber 13a, and this control valve body 26 will be closed this control valve bore 27.Therefore, this gas-entered passageway 24 is closed, thereby this high pressure compressed cooled gas can not infeed this crankcase 15 from this exhaust chamber 13b, and in this case, the cooled gas in this crankcase 15 is sneaked among this suction chamber 13a by this bleeder passage 30.Therefore, pressure P c in this crankcase 15 and the difference that acts in this cylinder chamber 12a between the pressure of this piston 21 are smaller, and this swash plate 19 is arranged in the position of a tilt angle maximum shown in Fig. 1 solid line, therefore, the stroke of this piston 21 increases, thereby this compressor is worked under the state of maximum swept volume.

On the other hand, under the less situation of cooling load, lower suction pressure Ps acts on this diaphragm 28 of this capacity control drive 25 in this suction chamber 13a, thereby this diaphragm 28 is subjected to a displacement of depending on this suction pressure Ps, be accompanied by moving of this diaphragm 28, this control valve body 26 will be opened this control valve bore 27, and the high pressure compressed cooled gas will be according to the size of the aperture of this control valve bore 27, by this gas-entered passageway 24 from this exhaust chamber 13b row eight these crankcases 15.The result causes the pressure P c in this crankcase 15 to raise, and the pressure P c in this crankcase 15 and the difference that acts in this cylinder-bore 12a between the pressure of this piston 21 increase.According to the size of this pressure reduction, this swash plate 19 will shift to as among Fig. 1 by the position of the tilt angle minimum shown in the dot and dash line, the stroke of this piston 21 will reduce whereby, thereby this swept volume reduces.

In above-mentioned variable-capacity type compressor, pressure P c in this crankcase 15 increases according to the aperture of this capacity control drive 25 or reduces, and the aperture of this control valve 25 changes according to this cooling load, just, change according to the variation of this suction pressure Ps, thereby the tilt angle of this swash plate 19 can change.

In the variable-capacity type compressor in the present embodiment, this cylindrical part 22c i.e. a notch portion, is that the outer fringe surface along this guide plate 22 processes.By processing this cylindrical part 22c, when this swash plate 19 moved to the position of an allowable angle of inclination as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the outer rim side of this guide plate 22 can be positioned among this semi-spherical grooves 21c of this piston 21.Therefore, when 16 rotations of this live axle drove these piston 21 to-and-fro motion by this swash plate 19, the outer rim side that can prevent this guide plate 22 was stuck among the slit S1 between this swash plate 19 and this piston 21.

Moreover this cylindrical part 22c has formed first wedge shape space C1 between the outer rim side of this semi-spherical grooves 21C of this piston 21 and this guide plate 22.Therefore, the lubricant oil in this crankcase 15 is easy to be attracted the sliding contact part between the semi-spherical grooves 21c of the hemisphere portion 22a that enters at this guide plate 22 through this first wedge shape space C1 and this piston 21.In addition, this conical surface 22d on the outer fringe surface of this planar section 22b has formed second wedge shape space C2 between this planar section 22b of the outer side surface of this swash plate 19 and this guide plate 22.Therefore, lubricant oil is easy to be attracted the sliding contact part between the outer side surface of this planar section 22b of entering at this guide plate 22 by this second wedge shape space C2 and this swash plate 19.

The effect that expection obtains from the foregoing description is described below,

In the variable-capacity type compressor of present embodiment, on the outer fringe surface of each guide plate 22, process this cylindrical part 22c.When 16 rotations of this live axle drove these piston 21 to-and-fro motion by this swash plate 19, therefore, the outer rim side of this guide plate 22 seldom can be stuck among the slit S1 between this swash plate 19 and this piston 21.

In the variable-capacity type compressor of present embodiment, this cylindrical part 22c on the outer fringe surface of this guide plate 22 has formed first wedge shape space C1 between the outer rim side of this semi-spherical grooves 21c of this piston 21 and this guide plate 22.Therefore, the lubricant oil in this crankcase is attracted to enter sliding contact part between this guide way and this piston 21 by this first wedge shape space C1 effectively, so that the degree of a sufficient lubrication is partly kept in these sliding contacts.

In the variable-capacity type compressor of present embodiment, this notch portion 22c processes on the outer fringe surface of this guide plate 22, when moving to the state of at least one maximum inclined degree with this swash plate 19 of box lunch, the outer rim side of this guide plate 22 is placed among this semi-spherical grooves 21c of this piston 21.Therefore, even when applying bigger compression load in the compression operation process of maximum swept volume, the outer rim side of this guide plate 22 can be prevented from being stuck among the slit S1 between this swash plate 19 and this piston 21 reliably.

In the variable-capacity type compressor of present embodiment, this cylindrical part 22c is along processing at this hemisphere portion 22a of each guide plate 22 and the border between this planar section 22b, is processed to a cylindrical part 22c of a predetermined width in this spherical part 22a of this guide plate 22 and this outer rim side, border between this planar section 22b; Promptly this notch portion is easy to processed.

In the variable-capacity type compressor of present embodiment, this swash plate 19 is to be made by a kind of aluminium.Therefore, with this swash plate is to be compared by a kind of metal of iron content and the prior art that forms such as copper or this type of another kind of metal that is melted and is ejected into its outer surface, the cost of producing this swash plate 19 has reduced, in addition, can keep a predetermined strength for making this structure, this swash plate 19 is processed to a bigger thickness and this guide plate 22 is processed to a thickness that reduces, and the outer rim side that still can prevent this guide plate 22 reliably is stuck among the slit S1 between this swash plate 19 and this piston 21.

In the variable-capacity type compressor of present embodiment, on the outer rim side of this planar section 22b of each guide plate 22, process this conical surface 22d, and between this planar section 22b of the outer side surface of this swash plate 19 and this guide plate 22 owing to this conical surface 22d has formed second wedge shape space C2, therefore, lubricant oil in this crankcase 15 can be attracted effectively by this second wedge shape space C2 and enter sliding contact part between this guide plate 22 and this swash plate 19, and these sliding contacts parts can be kept the degree of a sufficient lubrication.In addition, this swash plate 19 can be cooled off effectively.When this swash plate 19 is when being made by a kind of metal that contains aluminium that is easy to lose heat resistent property under high-temperature situation, wish to obtain above-mentioned effect especially.

Present embodiment can improve by following a kind of mode.

On this guide plate 22, can be processed into and not have conical surfaces 22d.

This swash plate 19 can be processed by a kind of metal of iron content.

Also this cylindrical part 22c so can be provided with, make that the outer rim side of this guide way 22 is positioned among this semi-spherical grooves 21c of this piston 21 when this swash plate 19 is arranged to position of its tilt angle minimum.By this arrangement, between this semi-spherical grooves 21c and this cylindrical part 22c, can form first wedge shape space C1 usually.

These structures can obtain with those substantially the same effects of the above embodiments.

In above-mentioned structure, this conical surface 22d has formed the space of a wedge shape between this planar section of the outer side surface of this cam disk and this guide plate.Therefore, the lubricant oil in this crankcase is attracted to enter sliding contact part between this guide plate and this cam disk by this wedge shape space effectively.Therefore, this cam disk is more effectively cooled off.This is for being when being made by a kind of metal that contains aluminium that is easy to lose heat resistent property under high-temperature situation when this cam disk, and is particularly effective,

The present invention is formed and is demonstrated following effect by said structure.

According to claim 1 of the present invention, when this driving shaft rotation drives by this cam dish During this piston reciprocating motion, can prevent that the outer rim side of this guide plate is stuck in this cam dish and is somebody's turn to do In the slit between the piston. And lubricating oil can be by inspiration is alive to this guide plate and this effectively Sliding-contact part between the plug, and these sliding-contact parts can be lubricated fully.

According to claim 2 of the present invention, even in the compression operation of maximum exhaust capacity When having applied bigger compression load in the journey, also can prevent reliably the outer rim side of this guide plate Be stuck in the slit between this cam dish and this piston.

According to claim 3 of the present invention, by processing this sphere part peace of this guide plate Border outer fringe surface between the face portion and can be processed into a cylinder with a predetermined width The shaped part branch, thus a notch portion made easily.

According to claim 4 of the present invention, this cam dish is to comprise one by what reduce production costs Planting the metals such as metal that contain aluminium processes. In this kind structure, although this wheel disc is processed to Keep a bigger thickness and these guide plates are processed to a thickness that reduces, still, The outer rim side that still can prevent reliably these guide plates is stuck between this cam dish and this piston The slit in.

Claims

1. a variable-capacity type compressor comprises:

Has the body that has formed a crankcase and cylinder-bore therein;

A rotatable live axle by this body support;

Be placed in pistons reciprocating in this cylinder-bore;

Support and its common cam disk that rotates and in this crankcase, swing by this live axle;

Piston is connected to the hemispheric a pair of guide plate that is essentially on this cam disk, so that when this live axle rotation drives reciprocating motion of the pistons by this cam disk, according to the size at the tilt angle of this cam disk, in order to compress cooled gas with certain output capacity; With

Described each guide plate has an outer fringe surface and at least one the notch portion on this outer fringe surface.

2. variable-capacity type compressor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described piston has in order to admit the semi-spherical grooves of these guide plates slidably, and described at least one notch portion of described guide plate has an outer rim side that forms like this, make that the outer rim side of this guide plate is positioned in the described semi-spherical grooves of this piston when this cam disk is positioned in a position at its maximum tilt angle.

3. variable-capacity type compressor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, each described guide plate has a hemisphere portion with this semi-spherical grooves sliding contact of this piston, a planar section with one of this cam disk outside sliding contact, and a cylindrical part that processes along the border between this hemisphere portion and this planar section, described at least one notch portion has constituted described cylindrical part.

4. variable-capacity type compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described cam disk is to be processed by a kind of metal that contains aluminium.