CN1191155A - 抗燃织物袋及其制造方法 - Google Patents

抗燃织物袋及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1191155A
CN1191155A CN97114951A CN97114951A CN1191155A CN 1191155 A CN1191155 A CN 1191155A CN 97114951 A CN97114951 A CN 97114951A CN 97114951 A CN97114951 A CN 97114951A CN 1191155 A CN1191155 A CN 1191155A
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fabric
layer
fire
fiber
oxygen
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CN1070386C (zh
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孙宰翼
朴永玉
具喆五
林正焕
金相道
金洪龙
朴炯重
李忠重
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Korea Institute of Energy Research KIER
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    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
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Abstract

一种用于织物过滤器的抗燃织物,它包括一些用于去除尘粒的无纺织物层和一层用于增强粘滞性的机织物层,其特征在于,抗燃织物的一侧还包括由氧戊烯(oxypene)纤维或氧戊烯纤维和在任何温度下不熔融的粘合纤维的混合物制成的无纺织物层、并且氧戊烯纤维制的无纺织物层和无纺织物基层与低熔点的热熔粘合纤维混合,其粘合纤维是从聚酯,聚丙烯,PPS(聚苯硫)和PVC或其双组分混合物中选择的具有不熔融性的单纤维制成的。

Description

抗燃织物袋及其制造方法
本发明涉及一种用于织物过滤器的抗燃织物及其制造方法，尤其是涉及在废物焚化工厂或有色金属铸造车间工作期间用来净化所被排放的带有尘粒的不净烟道气的一种抗燃织物，并且当织物与火焰接触时防止燃烧织物。
通常，在废物焚化炉，有色金属铸造车间或其它工业废物或原料被燃烧或熔化的工厂的各种各样的工作期间，具有大量尘粒的烟道气会随时被排放。含有尘粒那样的污染物的烟道气当其被排放到大气里而没有任何烟道气净化系统时会引起空气污染。因此，所有工业工厂在把气体排放到大气里之前必须净化被污染的烟道气。
然而，上述烟道气净化纯化所采用的一种通常的再燃烧焚化炉有如下一些缺点：耐用性不良，操作费用增加，并且因为所被引入的具有粉尘的火焰有时会引起织物过滤器中的过滤袋的燃烧，这就有可能使与其相邻的其它一些装置着火。
近采在韩国的工业中随着许多原油燃烧锅炉普遍使用，具有大量原油成分的尘粒日益被排放到大气中。因此，目前一些工厂己装备具有织物过滤器的再燃烧焚化炉，以便在烟尘被排放到大气之前用来净化烟道气。
为净化烟道气，一种具有相当于织物的过滤介质的织物过滤器过滤烟道气。另外，通过滤袋的方式提供一种长圆形的或非圆形的袋以便净化脏的烟道气。
对于这种用于净化脏烟道气的滤袋有如下的一些要求：第一，滤袋必须是充分通风的并且具有高的过滤特性和一些可通过被净化的烟道气但不可通过粉粒的细微小孔，而无纺织物最满足该要求；第二，它必须是耐热的和高阻燃的，因为许多工艺过程所使用的织物过滤器要经受在高温下由树脂或金属的燃烧和熔化所引起的火焰；最后一点，它要求有高的透气性和良好的吸湿性。
满足该目的滤袋是由无纺织物，最好是一种层状无纺织物层制成。
图2表示了一种传统织物的横截面结构，它包括一个放入在第一和第三无纺织物层21、23之间的第二个机织物层22，以便增加粘滞性。但是，具有这样织物的织物过滤器常常会引起着火。
第一无纺织物层21可涂覆一种树脂与耐热粉状的碳的混合物，以便解决引燃问题。但是，这种方法具有通风不良缺点。
韩国专利94-703223中公开了传统滤袋的另一种结构，它包括一种特殊的纤维材料，即，聚间苯二酰胺苯(Polyphenylene isophthalaide)、聚酯或聚苯硫纤维的层状毡层与其外表面上的聚对苯甲二酰胺苯(polyphenyene relephthalamide)纤维的薄无纺织物相针刺，其与含有粉尘的空气相接触，以便防备热火花增进阻燃，尤其是不熔融。然而，除了织物形态不稳定外，使用用于织物过滤器的这种特殊材料是非常不经济。
因此，本发明定向于用于织物过滤器的抗燃无纺织物，其基本上消除了所述技术的局限性和缺点所造成的一个或多个问题。
本发明的目的是提供一种用于织物过滤器的抗燃无纺织物，当滤袋与火焰接触时，其具有高的抗燃特征。
本发明的另外一些特征和优点将在下面的描述中表述出，其中一部分通过描述将会清楚，或通过本发明的实地应用可获知。本发明的一些目的和其它优点通过说明书和其权利要求以及附图中特别指出所给出的结构来了解和获得。
为实现上述目的和其它一些优点，根据本发明的目的，就具体和概括的描述来说，用于织物过滤器的抗燃无纺织物包括一些用于过滤尘粒的无纺织物层和用于增加粘性的一层机织物，其中抗燃无纺织物的一侧还包括由氧戊烯(oxypene)纤维或氧戊烯纤维与具有低熔点的粘合纤维的混合物制成的无纺织物层。
氧戊烯纤维制的无纺织物层和无纺织物基层与低熔点的热熔粘合纤维混合，其粘合纤维是由从聚酯，聚丙烯，PPS(聚苯硫)和PVC，或其双组分混合物中选择的具有低熔点的单纤维构成。此外，各无纺织物层通过针刺法和采用热辊的热熔法而被结合在一起。
一种制造用于织物过滤器的抗燃织物的方法，所述的织物包括一些用于去除尘粒的无纺织物层和一层用于增强粘性的机织物层，该方法包括把一基层的无纺织物层与一带有一顶部无纺织物层的机织物层结合在一起，并且把结合一起的织物层通过用于热熔目的热辊之间，以便全部或部分熔化放置在各层之间低熔点的粘合纤维并牢固地结合各织物层。
应理解的是上述一般的描述和下面详细的描述是典型的和解释性的描述，并且是用来对本发明如权利要求的进一步解释说明。
用以进一步理解本发明并组成本发明说明书一部分的附图，说明了本发明的具体实施例。附图与描述一起可用来解释本发明的原理。附图中：
图1是根据现有技术的一个通常实例的脉冲喷气式织物过滤器的横截面图；
图2是一种根据现有技术所生产的织物的横截面图；
图3是根据本发明一最佳实旋例的一种抗燃织物的织物过滤布的横截面图。
现详细介绍本发明的最佳实施例，这些实例举例说明在附图之中。
图1是根据已有技术的普遍实例的一种脉冲喷气式织物过滤器的织物的横截面图。该脉冲喷气式织物过滤器包括一个壳体1，一个设置在壳体1下部上的脏烟道气进口2，一个以垂直和水平方向形成在壳体1中部的格状框架3，一个由枢架3所支承的护圈4，一个连接框架3和护圈4的袋笼6，一个围绕于袋笼6的滤袋5，以及一个设置在壳体1上部的净化烟道气出口7。
此外，袋笼6通过一隔板8的支承件而被安装在壳体1内，并且壳体内的空间被分成一净化空气室9和一脏烟道气室10。用于排放收集的粉尘的粉尘出口11设置在壳体1的底部。
尽管图1所示的粉尘收集器包括4个过滤袋，但根据其用途及容量，织物过滤器可具有数个过滤袋。
图3示出了根据本发明一最佳实施例的抗燃织物的织物。将与脏烟道气接触的顶层31是由氧戊烯纤维制的无纺织物或氧戊烯纤维和其它低熔点纤维的混合无纺织物制成。顶层31与基层无纺织物32并连，并且一机织物层33放入在两基层无纺织物32之间，以便增强粘滞性。
在本发明中，低熔点纤维通过加热而被熔化到顶层31和基层无纺织物32之中。低熔点聚酯纤维最好作为所述的低熔点纤维。
除了聚酯纤维外，聚丙烯、聚苯硫和PVC纤维也可用作该低熔点纤维。
形成高抗燃的氧戊烯纤维是氧化的丙烯腈纤维，丙烯腈纤维己主要用于工业构型材料或绝缘材料。氧戊烯纤维在550℃以上的高熔点时呈现出1.5g/d的低粘滞性，并且是不熔融的和不收缩的。
本发明还涉及用于脉冲喷气式织物过滤器的抗燃织物的制造方法。根据该方法，基层无纺织物32与机织物层33一起首先同顶层无纺织物31结合在一起。在把结合在一起的织物层通过用来完成热熔的热辊之间之后，放入在纤维层之间的低熔点粘合纤维被完全或部分熔化，以便牢固地结合纤维层。
如上所述，为稳固层状织物层的结构粘合纤维与热熔法和针刺法一起使用。
尽管粘合纤维最好由具有低熔点的聚酯制成，但也可使用聚丙烯，PPS(聚苯硫)，PVC和类似的材料用作粘合纤维。PPS适合于高温，而PVC适合于低温。
在如上所述的所构成的织物过滤器中，在生产过程之前或之后，被排放的脏烟道气输入列脏烟道气进口2并进入到袋笼6，以便用附着在袋笼6外表面上的无纺织物滤袋去除尘粒和污染物。净化的烟道气从壳体1的上部处的净化烟道气出口7中排出。尘粒和污染物在壳体1的底部被积累，并且所收集的烟尘通过烟尘出口11被排出。
对于本领域的技术人员来说应将清楚地知道，用于本发明织物过滤器的抗燃织物能作各种改善和变化而不会脱离本发明的精神和范围。因此，本发明意指是覆盖所提供的发明的改进和变化，这些改进和变化包含在附加的权利要求和其等同物的范围之内。

Claims (4)

1、一种用于织物过滤器的抗燃织物，它包括一些用于去除尘粒的无纺织物的层和一层用来增强粘滞性的机织物层，其特征在于，抗燃织物的一侧还包括有由氧戊烯(oxypene)纤维或氧戊烯纤维与具有在任何温度下不熔融的粘合纤维的混合物制成的无纺织物层。
2、根据权利要求1所述的抗燃织物，其特征在于，氧戊烯纤维制的无纺织物层和无纺织物基层与低熔点的热熔粘合纤维混合，其粘合纤维是从聚酯、聚丙烯、PPS(聚苯硫)和PVC，或其双组分混合物中选择的具有低熔点的单纤维构成。
3、根据权利要求1所述的抗燃织物，其特征在于，各无纺织物层是通过针刺法和采用热辊的热熔法而被结合在一起。
4、一种制造用于织物过滤器的抗燃织物的方法，其织物包括一些用于去除尘粒的无纺织物层和一个用于增强粘滞性的机织物层，该方法包括：
把一基层无纺织物层与一带一顶层无纺织物的机织物层结合在一起；和
把结合在一起的织物层通过用于热熔目的热辊之间，以便全部或部分熔化放置在各层之间的低熔点的粘合纤维并且牢固地结合各织物层。
CN97114951A 1997-02-20 1997-06-09 抗燃织物袋及其制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1070386C (zh)

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US5419953A (en) * 1993-05-20 1995-05-30 Chapman; Rick L. Multilayer composite air filtration media
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US5352511A (en) * 1993-11-15 1994-10-04 W. L. Gore & Associates, Onc. Hydrophilic compositions with increased thermal resistance
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