CN1191005A

CN1191005A - Sequential formwork system for concrete buildings

Info

Publication number: CN1191005A
Application number: CN96195513A
Authority: CN
Inventors: S·布赖恩特
Original assignee: Newtec Concrete Constructions Pty Ltd
Current assignee: Newtec Concrete Constructions Pty Ltd
Priority date: 1995-05-25
Filing date: 1996-05-08
Publication date: 1998-08-19
Also published as: NZ306374A; EP0828907A4; KR19990021916A; JPH11505900A; BR9609213A; ATE248274T1; WO1996037674A1; EP0828907A1; EP0828907B1; AUPN317395A0; DE69629677D1; MX9709041A

Abstract

A method of construction of column(s), wall(s), beams and/or the like using pourable concrete material and apparatus for performing the method. The method comprising the steps of: a) positioning and securing base portion formwork (40) atop foundation means, each said panels base portion formwork being comprised of a pair of opposing base panels defining the base portion surfaces of said column(s), wall(s) or the like to be formed; b) positioning and securing upper portion formwork(s) (27) of said wall(s) formwork atop of said base portion formwork(s), each said upper portion formwork(s) being comprised of at least one pair of substantially parallel opposing upper panels defining the upper portion surfaces of said wall(s) to be formed. Pouring concrete between the panels and allowing it to set. The method further comprises the steps of (i) providing a foundation, (ii) constructing the corners, (iii) constructing the base portions of the walls, between the corners, (iv) constructing the wall portions atop the wall base portions and between the corners, and (v) removing the reusable formwork. Blanking panels are used for windows/doors. Insulation may be provided within the walls. Door frames may be moulded in the walls with door hinges and/or striker plates may be insert moulded in the concrete.

Description

The progressively finishing die system of concrete structure

Technical field

The present invention relates to substantially the method that the building structure that formed by concrete and employing concrete form building.The present invention is specifically related to be used to build the wall of building that concrete forms, the mould of inclined roof beam and pillar etc. and corresponding supporting member.

Description of the Prior Art

Particularly for the construction of aedicula, building contractor's job practices generally commonly used has following shortcoming, and promptly people must handle big quantum contract business.

" holding up after the concrete wall column the is cast-in-place " system of Yin Ruing haves much room for improvement aspect a lot of in recent years.The precast plate that is adopted in the above-mentioned system is only carried by special-purpose lifting means, and if can not realize correct sealing between the seam, moisture content and insect can enter in the building.The structural stability of upright wall is the shortcoming of above-mentioned system.

Timber can cause the demand a large amount of to forest, and forest is bringing the meaning aspect the benefit to increase day by day to environment and quality of life, and timber also can be subjected to termite and attacks in addition.

Concrete has multiple advantage, comprises intensity, durability, and the stability of supply and price, and generally be used for practicable occasion.Steel concrete is used for large-scale construction, and uses very generally, demonstrates its validity as constructional materials.

The scene of prior art forms and the job practices of fluid concrete wall bothers.Mould is set needs bigger labour intensity, this mould must be made by businessman, and after fluid concrete, the major part in the material of formation mould can not be reused.The mould of wall both sides interconnects by the bolt that passes wall cavity, so not only make to have many through holes that needs are filled on the wall, and above-mentioned bolt price is higher, needs labor intensive to be inserted into and to remove.

In a word, the shortcoming of existing die body system is, upright template will be assembled, by manually being supported on stand up position, or interconnect by bolt or steel connector, and trouble so comparatively, and also cost is higher.

Fix dismountable connecting rod so that the operation that the relative plate of paired mutual keeping parallelism is interfixed has limitation, and need two people to finish.The isolation layer of reliable quality control checking point and wall is difficult to introduce existing die body, and at least two people of majority operation requirement in the existing die body system, or heavy lifting means is realized.

Recently, people have proposed a kind of wall of pourable concrete formation building or method and apparatus of other structure of adopting, and this method and apparatus can overcome the multinomial shortcoming of prior art concrete construction method.Said method is described this method in the applicant's AU647783 patent by the present inventor's invention.

In brief, said method comprises the steps:

A) on wall both sides formation to be formed basis along horizontal expansion;

B) the relative template of pair of parallel at least is set,, and constitutes being used between above-mentioned template and hold the wall cavity of castable material so that constitute the vertical surface of wall to be formed along the wall line;

C) by being arranged at the distance piece in the wall cavity outside, the top margin of above-mentioned at least one pair of template is fixed according to predetermined spacing;

D) by being arranged at the fixture in the wall cavity outside, the base of above-mentioned at least one pair of template is fixed according to predetermined spacing;

E) reinforcing bar is arranged on the above-mentioned wall cavity outside, and fixes with the external surface of above-mentioned at least one pair of template;

F) the pourable material of cast in wall cavity, thus formed wall does not have disadvantageous passage and/or the cavity that is formed by fastener or other structural member of strengthening template.

Equipment described in the above-mentioned AU647783 patent comprises the built-up member that are used to form above-mentioned wall, and it comprises:

The relative template that at least one pair of is parallel is used to constitute the vertical surface of wall to be formed, and constitutes being used between this template and hold the wall cavity of pourable concrete material;

Distance piece, this distance piece is fixed with the top margin of above-mentioned at least one pair of template in the wall cavity outside, and this top margin is fixed according to preset space length;

Fixture, this fixture is fixed with the base of basis and template in the outside of wall cavity, and according to preset space length the base of template is fixed;

Be positioned at the reinforcing bar in the wall cavity outside, fix with the external surface of at least one pair of template;

Thereby the wall that forms in wall cavity does not have disadvantageous passage and/or cavity that above-mentioned built-up member produce.

Though the method and apparatus described in the applicant's the AU647783 patent adopts the known job practices and the equipment of pourable concrete material relatively, have bigger difference and outstanding advantage, a kind of building uses but the inventor has developed again at present, job practices and equipment with significant improvement, its aforesaid relatively method has outstanding advantage.

Aforesaid system depends on concrete foundation, this concrete foundation in the both sides of wall along horizontal expansion, and the pin of supporting fixed outer mould bottom.But above-mentioned system can produce following technical problem for less building contractor, that is:

A) adopt concrete floor or foundation of wall,, three reasons arranged so that the fixing way in bottom of the relative template that will be parallel to each other by pin is insecure:

I) concrete needed 28 days just can reach intensity;

Ii) when concrete did not reach intensity, the intensity of the concrete mixture of different concrete pouring person's cast can create a difference, and pin is come off, thereby concrete is spilt from wall cavity;

Even iii) reach under the situation of intensity of regulation at concrete, still to rely on artificial setting fully and the pin that above-mentioned pin-is not in an erectility is installed, or correct hole that forms can cause concrete split-this operation is unacceptable for unskilled constructor particularly;

B) mould being installed in suitable position is a loaded down with trivial details operation, in pouring liquid concrete process, make mould keep its tram to be equivalent to the situation of whether hitting, it is very difficult that to check out in casting process whether mould has slightly mobile-have only when assembly room's inside door and built-in close, just can find the uneven situation of surface of wall;

C) when template have slightly damage or concrete in pellet when being positioned at template and connecting the surface and go up, if template interconnects, the length of wall is produced creep, thus make the template body of wall keep length-specific aspect can have problems;

D) above-mentioned system underaction is because the wall of different length requires the specific template form of different size.Under the situation that does not change template size, above-mentioned system can not allow multiple body of wall length.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of job practices and equipment that overcomes the shortcoming in the prior art.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new mould is used to pour into a mould pillar, the complete job practices and the equipment of wall and beam.Can carry out cast-in-site to the roof beam that tilts, its wall with building be coupled together, thereby higher stability is provided, form the roof purlin simultaneously, the supporting member that roof covering layer and ceiling are used.

Also purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of construction cost that reduces, and reduces the construction time limit, and building structure, job practices and the equipment of higher structural stability are provided.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of building structure that can have quality control checking point in each stage of job practices.

Also purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of all moulds and built-up member not only all reusable, and can long-term serial job practices and equipment.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of job practices and equipment that only relies on the major part operation that a people just can carry out the dismounting mould.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of job practices and equipment, this job practices and equipment make and can design door opening, and carry out molded according to the shape of admitting door, thereby the labeled door that can provide its outer rim to have hinged support spare and door lock tongue orifice plate, above-mentioned hinged support spare and door lock tongue orifice plate are embedded in the outer peripheral areas of door in molded mode.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of job practices and equipment, and wherein the inside of concrete wall is as the hot body of storing and releasing energy.Can isolation layer be set in body of wall inside, so that make the outside of wall and inboard have heat-proof quality, thereby the temperature that can stop variation better and sound are by the body of wall transmission and/or prevent to produce condensation because the temperature in the interior outside is different and see through body of wall.

According to general form, the invention provides the pourable concrete constructions pillar of a kind of employing, wall, the method for beam and/or similar structures, its step comprises:

(a) at basic top the bottom mould is positioned, and be fixed, each bottom mould comprises a pair of relative bottom template, and this template constitutes pillar to be formed, the lower surface of wall or similar structures;

(b) top die to above-mentioned pillar, wall, beam or similar mould positions at mould top, above-mentioned bottom, and be fixed, each top die comprises the relative top template that at least one pair of is parallel to each other, and this top template constitutes the top surface of above-mentioned pillar to be formed, wall, beam etc.

In a kind of preferred form, in step (a), after above-mentioned bottom mould being positioned and is fixed, before the operation that above-mentioned top die is positioned and be fixed of carrying out step (b), between the template of bottom, pour into a mould pourable concrete and make its sclerosis, between the template of above-mentioned top, pour into a mould pourable concrete afterwards and make its sclerosis.

In another kind of preferred form, after step (b), after bottom and top die being positioned and are fixed, the pourable concrete of cast between bottom template and top template simultaneously, and make its sclerosis.

Preferably, before the interstitial segment that forms above-mentioned wall, form the bight of above-mentioned wall and/or the bottom of pillar sections at least;

Preferably, before fluid concrete, the precalculated position in above-mentioned wall sections mould is provided with window, door and/or other Open end plate, thus can avoid concrete to enter this aperture position.

In addition, best above-mentioned corner part forms by following step, this step is: at mould top, bottom above-mentioned template is positioned, by the distance piece that is positioned at this template outside the template top margin is fixed, by the C shape fastener device that is positioned at the template outside end plate mould and corner template are fixed.

In a kind of preferred form, above-mentioned wall bottom mould comprises a pair of relative bottom bracket that is parallel to each other, each support comprises bottom and top, tablings such as corresponding end plate in this bottom and above-mentioned basis or supporting protuberance, above-mentioned top is used to admit wall sections mould, one side of above-mentioned bottom bracket is arranged between above-mentioned top and the bottom, thereby can constitute outside concrete surface.

Most preferably be, above-mentioned wall bottom bracket also comprises the decompressor that is opened in the top, thereby can may enter castable material and/or the air and the discharge of other gas of support bottom in casting process.

In a preferred embodiment, relative bottom bracket is fixed by stop pin, and this stop pin is preferably taper, thereby can be convenient to its dismounting behind above-mentioned pourable hardened material.

Preferably, above-mentioned bottom bracket is fixed together by side fascia and one or more dismountable C shape fasteners.

Preferably, supporting fastener on the top of each relative wall sections mould that is parallel to each other at interval by wall fixes.

Preferably, in concrete wall, be provided with isolation layer,, can make full use of fuel factor simultaneously so that between outer surface and inner surface, realize completely cutting off.

Preferably, above-mentioned base apparatus comprises substrate surface, comprises the sheet material of raft shape plate, and/or basic column.

In a preferred embodiment, building method also comprises the steps:

(c) be provided with at the top of described upper mould and the mould of fixing one or more levels or inclined beams.

According to another general form, the invention provides a kind of being used for to form one or more pillars by pourable concrete, wall, or the built-up member of similar structures, it comprises:

The bottom mould is fixed in the top of base apparatus, and each bottom mould comprises paired relative bottom template, and this bottom template constitutes above-mentioned pillar to be formed, wall, or the lower surface of similar structures;

Top die is fixed in the top of above-mentioned bottom mould, and each top die comprises paired relative top template, and this top template constitutes above-mentioned pillar to be formed, wall, or the top surface of similar structures.

Preferably, above-mentioned bottom mould and top die have can form pillar, the straight line sections in the above-mentioned wall, the shape of corner segments and/or interstitial segment.

Preferably, above-mentioned built-up member also comprise wall and end plate, be provided with according to the precalculated position in the above-mentioned wall sections mould fenestrate, door and/or other Open end plate, thus avoid concrete to enter above-mentioned space.

According to another general form, the invention provides a kind of wall bottom mould holder, it comprises the bottom, top and bottom template, above-mentioned bottom is chimeric with the end plate or the supporting protuberance that are arranged on the basis, and above-mentioned top is used to admit wall sections mould, and above-mentioned bottom template is positioned at a side of above-mentioned support, and roughly between above-mentioned top and bottom, thereby can constitute outside concrete surface.

Best, also comprise the decompressor that is opened in the top at above-mentioned support, thereby can be in casting process, with enter the support bottom castable material and/air and other gas discharges.

The accompanying drawing summary

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and, can understand the present invention more all sidedly according to following specific descriptions to preferred non-limiting embodiment.

Figure 1A～1E among Fig. 1 represents the key step of the formation building structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 A among Fig. 2 and 2B are respectively the end-view and the elevation of the bottom mould that is supported on the column;

Fig. 3 represents the end-view with the contacted wall of various basic unit/surface of base bottom, Fig. 3 A represents directly and the contacted bottom of substrate surface, Fig. 3 B represents directly and the contacted wall of the side portion of concrete slab bottom that Fig. 3 C represents directly and contacted wall bottom, the top of available coagulation cob wall;

Fig. 4 is the plan view that is used to form the parts of the bottom channel of T t shore and/or template;

Fig. 5 represents to be used to form the concrete structure of the parts of the bottom channel of L t shore and/or template;

The plan view and the elevation of the various wall forms that the inventive method that is respectively Fig. 6 A～6G among Fig. 6 adopts;

Fig. 7 is the decomposition diagram that is used to form the bottom part of wall bottom;

Fig. 8 is the plan view that is used to form the parts of the middle wall body sections between pillar/bight;

Fig. 9 A～9C is respectively the elevation of the parts that are used to form the middle wall body sections that has openings such as window, end-view and partial view;

Figure 10 is the sectional drawing that is used to form the parts of wall, and it has the external bracing frame that is used for providing in construction supporting;

Figure 11 A～11C represents various other purposes of end plate;

Figure 12 is the plan view of door opening, the hinged support spare and the door lock tongue orifice plate of its expression installation in position;

Figure 13 is the phantom drawing of mould, and this mould is used to control inspection, and this there is shown the reinforcement of fix in position;

Figure 14 A among Figure 14 and 14B represent C shape fastener;

Figure 15 A～15C represents stop pin of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED

In the accompanying drawings, except otherwise representing, identical label is represented similar feature.

When reading this manual, suppose that the reader understands the Modular building technology very much.Suppose that in addition the reader has read and understood the applicant's AU647783 patent, the description of this patent should be considered as for reference fully in this manual and quote.

Know with it should also be clear that,, can adopt independent construction parts and independent job practices respectively though the construction parts of described various systems and method are used to constitute compound job practices and equipment in this manual.Therefore, should know clearly, the invention is not restricted to after this described compound system and method, also relate to independent parts and method.

As shown in the figure, the parts in the construction system of the present invention comprise a plurality of assemblies.Master unit will be described more fully in this manual back.

In Fig. 1, Figure 1A～1E represents 5 key steps of the job practices of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Shown in Figure 1A, the 1st step in the above-mentioned job practices is to determine construction location, and the decision type of foundation.Various bases be can adopt, beam or subterrane surface between sheet material, raft shape plate, column, column comprised.As shown in the figure, determine the inside and outside corner and the position of pillar then, determine the position of corner/pillar bottom flute profile mould at basic top.

Can be in the flute profile mould of bottom, corner/pillar fluid concrete, and make its sclerosis, or and then form a corner, top or a column template again, fluid concrete in bottom and top die hardens it, simultaneously shown in Figure 1B afterwards.In case the corner mould is just removed in the corner sclerosis.

Shown in Fig. 1 C, the 3rd step is that wall bottom supporting channel is placed between the portion/pillar of corner.The thickness of corner flank equates with the thickness of wall cavity.Can suitably adjust with sliding type the wall bottom supporting channel that embeds between the corner like this, so that be fit to the error of body of wall length, thereby the template that makes full-length is fit to the body of wall length of variation, and this point is described in this manual back with reference to Fig. 8.

In case fix with bottom mould fix in position and with the corner, then can be to its fluid concrete so that form the wall bottom, this wall bottom can be supported the liquid concrete that constitutes the wall top afterwards, perhaps can form wall form simultaneously, pour into a mould wall bottom and top afterwards simultaneously, they are hardened together, shown in Fig. 1 D.In case wall mould and bottom mould are just removed in the walls concrete sclerosis.

Shown in Fig. 1 E, last step is that beam and wall top are fixed, so that increase the stability and the intensity of building structure.This beam also can support roof and ceiling material.

Other of job practices of the present invention and parts and more specifically details will be described in this manual back.

As mentioned above, shown in Figure 1A, the 1st step in the well-known system of the present invention is to determine the position of

bottom mould

1 and 2 at basic 3 tops.As shown in the figure, the bottom mould is generally the T type, by label 1 expression, or is the L type, by label 2 expressions.Certainly, mode as an alternative, pillar and the corner that can adopt other shape.Basis 3 can comprise the tabular basis that is formed by concrete, the perhaps substrate surface of other type.Mode can be provided with basic column in the suitable position below corner and/or the pillar bottom channel as an alternative.At Fig. 2, represented other concrete structure of bottom mould in 3,4 and 5, below with described.

The 2nd step in the said method is the top die that pillar and/or channel are set, thereby finally forms pillar and channel 4 and 5 on basis 3.This pillar generally also is a T type 4, or L type 5, but it can adopt other shape according to the geometric figure in building and room.The top in pillar and/or corner can be poured into a mould at the same time or separately with its bottom.That is, before forming the top, can be in the bottom mould shown in Figure 1A fluid concrete, make its sclerosis, fixed top mould afterwards, then fluid concrete within it, thus form pillar and corner.Mode can be fixed top die and bottom flute profile mould as an alternative, and while fluid concrete in bottom and top die makes its sclerosis afterwards afterwards.In case above-mentioned corner and pillar sclerosis, the location that just can realize the central bottom channel 6 of middle wall body sections at an easy rate is shown in Fig. 1 C.Fluid concrete in the bottom channel 6 between pillar and corner selectively, maybe the top die 7 of middle wall body sections can be arranged at mould top, bottom, fluid concrete in the bottom of middle wall body sections and top die simultaneously afterwards, its net shape is shown in Fig. 1 D.

Afterwards, can form by the level of 8 expressions of label among Fig. 1 E or the beam of inclination.These beams can increase the stability and the intensity of building structure, also can support roof and ceiling material.The 5th step shown in Fig. 1 E is the last step in the casting process basically.Obviously concerning the those of ordinary skill in this field, can add window, door, roof, ceiling and other structure according to general working measure.

Fig. 2 A and 2B are respectively the end-view and the elevation of the bottom mould 10 that is supported on the column 11.As shown in the figure, end plate 12 constitutes the bottom surface of mould, and its end is near column 11.When Fig. 2 A was illustrated in fluid concrete, C shape fastener 13 and taper lock rationed marketing 14 were how to make each bottom template 12 and 15 keep motionless, and Figure 14 and 15 has represented the concrete structure of above-mentioned fastener 13 and stop pin 14.

Fig. 3 represents can be provided with on it dissimilar basis of bottom mould 10, and Fig. 3 A represents to be positioned at the bottom mould 10 on the substrate surface 16, and Fig. 3 B represents to be positioned at the bottom mould 10 on the edge of concrete slab 17, and Fig. 3 C represents to be positioned at the bottom mould 10 on the existing body of wall 18.To those skilled in the art, be easy to draw bottom mould 10 is arranged at the basis of other type or other improvement project on the substrate surface.

Figure 4 and 5 are the plan view of the concrete structure of the bottom in pillar or corner and/or the mould that adopt at the top, and Fig. 4 represents to be used to form the mould in T t shore and corner, and Fig. 5 represents to be used to form the mould in L t shore or corner.It should be noted that C shape fastener 13 is used for end plate 22 and bight or pillar mould are fixed.

Fig. 6 represents the concrete structure of the various preferred embodiments of top template, and the concrete structure of its expression the foregoing description and its are used for connection characteristics.Fig. 6 A and 6B are respectively the elevation and the plan view of standard form, and Fig. 6 C and 6D are respectively the elevation and the plan view of interior wall Angle formwork, and Fig. 6 E and 6F are respectively the elevation and the plan view of exterior wall Angle formwork, and Fig. 6 G is the phantom drawing of spacing ends template.

As shown in Figure 7, every bottom template locks mutually by the locking piece 23 that is fit to.Concerning this field those of ordinary skill, be easy to draw multiple different locking piece, will be understood that these multiple different locking pieces fall into of the present invention asking for protection within the scope.Formwork structure shown in Figure 7 has the bottom channel that is used to form corner, T type cross section, and end part interval spare.

In case Fig. 8 represents corner and/or

pillar

24 and 25 and pours into a mould the mould of interstitial segment is how to be connected with above-mentioned corner and/or pillar, so that at wall cavity 28 inner final fluid concretes.Polylith template 27 interconnects by the fastener 13 that is fit to.Also be provided with Side Template 30 in desired location.

Shown in Fig. 9 A～9C, can in body of wall, form window opening 31 by suitable template 32 is set, fall into zone 31 to avoid concrete.Equally, said structure can adopt variety of way to realize that these modes are readily appreciated that this field those of ordinary skill.Fig. 9 A and 9B are the elevation and the sectional drawing of window opening 31, and Fig. 9 C represents the concrete syndeton between side template and the top/bottom template, the figure shows to be formed with less clearance so that template can be taken apart.Known to this field those of ordinary skill, when hardening of concrete, can produce contraction.Therefore be formed with the cracking point in the formation in gap and the side template, in case feasible hardening of concrete just is easy to form removable.Above-mentioned cracking point can form by the mitre shown in Fig. 9 A, or realizes by the similar fashion that this field those of ordinary skill is known.

Figure 10 represents truss 29 is how to be arranged on the mould outside, so that make mould keep motionless in the fluid concrete process.Figure 10 also is illustrated in wall cavity inside and is provided with reinforcing bar 33 and isolation layer 34.Steel-support seat 35 can be set, so that reinforcing bar 33 keeps motionless.

Figure 11 represents the concrete structure of various end plates, and how they interconnect and form pillar and beam.Should be known in the place that window, door and other opening are set at needs, end plate as shown in figure 11 can be set in suitable precalculated position.This end plate can be pressed all lengths setting according to the size of opening.Can adopt suitable fastener and voussoir so that end plate is fixed.Figure 11 A represents top and bottom template and above-mentioned end plate, and they interconnect and form a column template, and Figure 11 B represents to be connected to form the template of base channel ellbeam, and Figure 11 C represents the template of another kind of beam.

Figure 12 can form the sectional plain-view drawing of the method for door opening for expression.Angle steel or the like 40 between template 27 represented to be provided with in left side among Figure 12, and it is fixing by timber support's part 42.Also show section bar 43 among the figure, this section bar 43 can form insertion groove after cast, so that encapsulants such as felt, rubber are set, thereby can realize the sealing of flue gas, and door is closed smoothly.In case poured into a mould concrete, and with form removable, be to be understood that above-mentioned L shaped parts 40 can stay original position, thereby door hinge can be fixed with it.Equally, the right-hand part among Figure 12 is represented the position of door lock tongue orifice plate 44.

The sub-assemblies that Figure 13 representation template parts constitute comprises reinforcing bar 33, distance piece 35, and pipeline, and electric, Maintenance Company's fitting of electric wire etc. is used to carry out quality control checking.Should be known in that before fluid concrete by reserving the side plate of the mould that lacks above-mentioned parts, the personnel of administrative authority can check these parts at an easy rate.

Figure 13 also shows relief groove 49.

As the inventor confirmed, pourable concrete was easy to flow out from required cavity 45, particularly flowed out below the base of the past bottom template, thereby can form hydraulic pressure lift power.Required relief groove 49 can be formed selectively on the top at bottom mould 10, so that air is discharged, or admits above-mentioned liquid concrete, thereby can avoid mould 10 relative its desired positions in bottom to produce displacement.

Figure 14 A among Figure 14 and 14B are respectively the lateral view and the end-view of C type fastener 13, and this fastener 13 can be used for connecting the various templates among the present invention.

Figure 15 A among Figure 15,15B and 15C are respectively the elevation of taper stop pin 14 and its supporting end, end-view and vertical view, and it can be used for connecting the relative template among the present invention.

Should be known in by by standarized component, according to above-mentioned progressively forming process construction of buildings, the advantage that can obtain to give prominence to compared with prior art.Above-mentioned mould is not only than alignment and leveling such as the easier realization body of wall of existing method of AU647783H patent, but also can be recycled and reused for different construction plants, consequently can reduce cost, reduces waste of material.Should be known in and can adopt steel, metal sheet roof covering, rigidity plastics form the bottom mould, thus the detachable and above-mentioned system components of recycling.

With employing timber, aforementioned known concrete construction method and other method of plastics are compared, and the building of building according to the inventive method has multiple advantage.This advantage comprises: with regard to cold-and-heat resistent, its cost is lower, and opposing solar radiation design aspect is comparatively desirable adapting to, and has higher sound insulation value, higher fireproof performance, and antidetonation, wind resistance carry, Nai Hou and and termite-proof performance.But the most significant is that it can provide lower-cost construction form, and can molded mode embed as the parts of door hinge etc.

Should be known in for those of ordinary skills, be easy to above-described job practices and equipment are improved and changes.But these improve and conversion should fall into as carrying out general description in front, and in the appended claim in the back scope of the present invention of asking for protection.

Claims

1. one kind is adopted pourable concrete to form pillar, wall, and the method for beam and/or similar structures, its step comprises:

(a) at basic top the bottom mould is positioned and be fixed, each bottom mould comprises a pair of relative bottom template, and this template constitutes pillar to be formed, the lower surface of wall or similar structures;

(b) at mould top, above-mentioned bottom above-mentioned wall is positioned with the top die in the mould, and be fixed, each top die comprises the relative top template that at least one pair of is substantially parallel, and this top template constitutes above-mentioned coping surface to be formed.

2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in above-mentioned steps (a), after above-mentioned bottom mould being positioned and is fixed, in carrying out above-mentioned steps (b) to above-mentioned top die position and fixing before, the pourable concrete of cast between the template of bottom, make its sclerosis, the pourable concrete of cast between the template of above-mentioned top makes its sclerosis afterwards.

3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that after step (b), to the bottom and top die positions and fixing after, the pourable concrete of cast between bottom template and top template makes its sclerosis simultaneously.

4. according to any one the described method in the claim 1～3, it is characterized in that before the interstitial segment that forms above-mentioned wall, forming the bight of above-mentioned wall and/or the bottom of pillar sections at least.

5. according to any one the described method in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that before fluid concrete, precalculated position in above-mentioned wall sections mould is provided with window, the end plate that door and/or other opening are used, thereby concrete can be molded as required shape, and can avoid concrete to enter this aperture position.

6. according to claim 4 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that above-mentioned corner part forms by following step, this step is: at mould top, bottom above-mentioned template is positioned, by the distance piece that is positioned at this template outside the template top margin is fixed, end plate mould and corner template are fixed by the fastener that is positioned at the template outside.

7. according to any one the described method in the claim 1～6, it is characterized in that above-mentioned wall bottom mould comprises a pair of relative bottom bracket that is parallel to each other, each support comprises bottom and top, the corresponding end plate in this bottom and above-mentioned basis, supporting protuberance or like tabling, above-mentioned top is used to admit wall sections mould, and a side of above-mentioned bottom bracket is arranged between above-mentioned top and the bottom, thereby can constitute outside concrete surface.

8. according to any one the described method in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that above-mentioned wall bottom bracket also comprises the decompressor that is arranged at the top, thereby can in casting process, may enter pourable material and/or the air and the discharge of other gas of support bottom.

9. according to any one the described method in the claim 1～8, it is characterized in that relative wall bottom bracket fixes by stop pin, this stop pin is preferably taper, thereby is convenient to its dismounting after above-mentioned castable material sclerosis.

10. according to any one the described method in the claim 1～9, it is characterized in that above-mentioned bottom bracket is fixed together by one or more dismountable fasteners.

11., it is characterized in that the top of the relative wall sections mould that each is parallel to each other is fixed by wall interval supporting member according to any one the described method in the claim 1～10.

12. any one the described method according in the claim 1～11 is characterized in that being provided with in the concrete wall barrier material, so that realize completely cutting off between outer surface and inner surface, can make full use of fuel factor simultaneously.

13., it is characterized in that above-mentioned basis comprises substrate surface according to any one the described method in the claim 1～12, comprise the sheet material of raft shape plate, and/or basic column.

14., it is characterized in that this method also comprises the steps: according to any one the described method in the claim 2～13

At formed wall or level or inclined beams are set above the post top portion.

15., it is characterized in that door hinge supporting member and/or door lock tongue orifice plate can molded mode embed in the concrete according to any one the described method in the claim 5～14.

16. one kind is used for forming one or more pillars by pourable concrete, wall, or the built-up member of similar structures, and it comprises:

The bottom mould is fixed in basic top, and each bottom mould comprises paired relative bottom template, and this bottom template constitutes above-mentioned pillar to be formed, wall, or the lower surface of similar structures;

Top die is fixed in the top of above-mentioned bottom mould, and each top die comprises a pair of relative top template, and this top template constitutes above-mentioned pillar to be formed, wall, or the top surface of similar structures;

17. built-up member according to claim 16 is characterized in that above-mentioned bottom mould and top die have can form pillar, the straight line sections in the above-mentioned wall, the shape of corner segments and/or interstitial segment.

18. according to claim 16 or 17 described built-up member, it is characterized in that it also comprises wall and end plate, in above-mentioned wall sections mould, be provided with according to the precalculated position fenestrate, the end plate that door and/or other opening are used, thus avoid concrete to enter above-mentioned opening.

19. wall bottom mould holder, it comprises the bottom, top and bottom template, above-mentioned bottom is chimeric with the end plate or the supporting protuberance that are arranged on the basis, above-mentioned top is used to admit wall sections mould, one side of the above-mentioned support of above-mentioned bottom template between above-mentioned top and bottom, thus outside concrete surface can be formed.

20. wall according to claim 17 bottom mould holder is characterized in that also comprising the decompressor that is arranged at the top at above-mentioned support, thereby can be in casting process, may enter the support bottom castable material and/air and other gas discharges.

21. a job practices, substantially as described in this manual.

22. built-up member are used to form one or more pillars, wall or similar structures, with reference to accompanying drawing substantially as described in this manual.

23. a mould, with reference to accompanying drawing substantially as described in this manual.