CN1188460A - Apparatus and process for non-chemical plasma ion disinfection of water - Google Patents
Apparatus and process for non-chemical plasma ion disinfection of water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Apparatus and processes for non-chemical disinfection of a wide variety of biologically contaminated water streams include a canister with flow control means built therein such that a small portion of a water stream is exposed to disinfecting salts and returned to the principal stream to be treated. An ionized oxidizing gas plasma is also added, together with streams of metallic ions. Improved compositions of sacrificial electrodes for providing disinfectant metallic ions to a flow stream are also disclosed. The invention is described in connection with disinfecting recirculated water as used in cooling tower recirculated water air conditioning plants, commercial laundries, and aircraft head flush water, among other industrial water reclamation uses.
Description
The present invention relates to the improvement of water sterilization, for example specifically relate to be used for improvement in the processing of the recirculation current of cooling tower air-conditioning system, Coin operated laundry washing water and rinse water, hospital and commercial laundry, swimming pool, drinking water source, water source, aircraft washroom and some industry and commercial current.
Sterilization completely, just to eliminate and remove bacterium, virus etc. be an increasingly important problem in the current field widely.On the one hand, since with chemical additive for example by chlorization or add halogen title complex method of disinfecting (being unique commercially sterilising methods recent decades basically) toxin can be introduced in the water and will ban use of in many industries and as if more and more become certainty, on the other hand, owing to having recognized the value of the water of chemical purification and processing, municipality improved their tax revenue, so the cost of the commercial apparatus that needs the water source is increased rapidly more.
For example, when present patent application, the Sheng Diyage in California (San Diego, California) the initial online tax of every Tianwan businessman's industry washing machine is 6000 dollars, general Coin operated laundry machine room has 50 washing machines, and like this, its initial business tax expenditure has 300000 dollars utterly.Adopt recycled water can significantly reduce this high commercial cost.Similarly (Orlando), Florida (Florida) and other U.S. administrative area occur situation in the Orlando, particularly make the water source be on the verge of the local all the more so of exhaustion owing to population growth and similar factor.Final user, investor and administration all equally seek can to above-mentioned and much the local used big water gaging of for example Coin operated laundry, other public place, restaurant, the processing of industrial washing water, commercial hospital laundry, swimming pool, hot spring or the like carry out the safe, reliably and the low method and apparatus of cost of recirculation.
The subject matter of the recycled water of above-mentioned these device usefulness is sterilization, so that eliminate all bacteriums, protozoon, virus etc. effectively, particularly those can cause now that for example the increase of the sickness rate of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), tuberculosis etc. and other can be carried the germ of the communicate illness of propagating by water by the infectious disease of respiratory tract.Chlorization usually is invalid for the sort of current that contain fat or other lipid and gelatinoid of sterilization.Therefore, press for not to from above-mentioned or similarly the current at water source carry out the safety of chlorization and sterilization method and sterilizing unit reliably.
The sterilizing method of water also becomes and more and more needs in improvement cooling tower heat exchange and the air-conditioning system.In these systems, adopt the heat exchange of air and water to reduce the temperature of air, then chilled air is pumped into will lower the temperature indoor, then again water is sprayed into the transpiration cooling in the cooling tower and re-use.Refrigeration water air-conditioning system (water wherein is by carrying out heat exchange and refrigerative with cooling agent) also needs sterilization.More particularly, understand recently, many height cause death germ, particularly can cause that the Legionnella of " legionnaires disease " and tuberculosis germ all found the ideal breeding ground in cooling tower and refrigeration water recirculation system.These bacteriums can enter by damage and the run-down positions such as welding joint in the common treating water system in the air in the ventilation plant.Therefore, effective device being set is very important with mushroom and the spreading of other breathing pathogenic bacterium that the water in this cooling tower and the refrigeration water air conditioner device is carried out disinfection, prevents above-mentioned danger.
" water source " that is used for waiting between flushing sanitation on the aircraft also needs reliable and sterilization completely.Because the meeting of the air pressure in aircraft cabin flip-flop, it is just particularly important therefore this water to be carried out disinfection.When cabin air pressure reduces suddenly, be dissolved in the vapour pressure that the vapour pressure of storing the gas in the water source may be higher than air, the result, a large amount of gas can enter in the recirculated air in cabin fiercely.Owing to be collected in the pollution that water in the aircraft water storage tank obviously is subjected to various refuses, the gas dissolved that discharges may contain a large amount of bacteriums, virus etc. and infects pathogeny suddenly, and this health for passenger's respiratory tract is very dangerous.Therefore, obviously extremely need the waste water of aircraft is carried out disinfection.Because because of the restriction of weight, the water on the aircraft recycles, and that is to say, be used between flushing sanitation repeatedly, so it is particularly important that aircraft is already gone up the sterilization at water source.It is to be not enough to remove the various disease carrying germs that carry in the water that water in repeatedly using is carried out simple intermediate filtered.
Also have many utmost points need to current carry out thoroughly and reliably disinfectant, especially can not use chlorization or add other and do not meet the place that environmental requirement and dangerous chemical substance are carried out water sterilization, comprise drinking water source, hospital and commercial laundry, swimming pool, hot spring, industrial washing operation etc.
The present invention relates generally to the sterilization of above-mentioned current being carried out with special efficient manner.In fact the various current that run into also all require pre-treatment and aftertreatment work steps such as additional filtration, precipitation, flocculation.Disclosed concrete disinfectant component and processing step can be used in combination with disclosed assembly in the applicant's relevant patent and the pending application application and technology and known assembly in the present patent application, so that the current to each particular procedure provide chemically treated apparatus and method, and provide " enough having a surplus " disinfecting power.
For example, (applying date: 1995.7.7), the applicant discloses a kind of plasma air-flow, flocculation agent and other additive and current to be processed particularly advantageous mixing vessel of blended mutually that is used to make to continue patent application No.08/481994 in United States Patent (USP) 5443719 and part thereof.In case of necessity, the content of this patent and pending application can be combined with this patent.And for example, in U.S. Patent application No.08/326339, the applicant has proposed a kind of device that is used to make the uviolizing airflow and produces ionized gas atom and molecular flow.These ionization air-flows comprise singlet molecular oxygen, Ionized Sauerstoffatom, ozone, ionized nitrogen and other ionized gas material.These ionized gas atomic currents (also being referred to as plasma in this patent sometimes) also are used for present patent application.Also be used to produce this Ionized gas atom and molecular flow at the ad hoc structure shown in the U.S. Patent application No.08/326339.(applying date: 1996.4.4: the improvement attorney docket No.DJ-11) also is used in this patent at the part continuation application No.08/627227 of the U.S..
In the patent application No.08/377620 of the U.S., the applicant has proposed several dissimilar devices that current are carried out pre-treatment and aftertreatment of the present invention that can be used for, and how disclosed mixing vessel is used to handle current effectively among these devices of additional disclosure and the above-mentioned patent No.5443719.In addition, also can be used for combining at the parts shown in the patent application No.08/377620, so that particular water to be processed is carried out disinfection with new device of the present invention and novel method.
At last, in U.S. Patent application No.08/377621, the applicant has proposed a kind of improved water Sterilizers that can produce the ionized gas plasma jet simultaneously, and if necessary, this Sterilizers also can be used in combination with sterilizing unit of the present invention.Above-mentioned several pending application applications are all included the present invention in as a reference.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sterilization method and device of water of improved method non-chemically, that is to say, do not add chlorine or other toxic substance and water is carried out disinfection.
Another object of the present invention provides that a kind of to water method of disinfecting and device, this method is also undiscovered so far by producing several ion sterilizing agents, and the energy expenditure of its processing ease, sterilizing unit is low.
According to of the present invention current method of disinfecting and device are comprised: add one or more special metal ionic currents of disengaging by sacrificial electrode and/or from the specific sterilization ion of salt to current, and introduce the air-flow that contains different kinds of ions oxidizing gases material to current simultaneously.In a kind of embodiment of comprehensive all above-mentioned sterilization sources, from current to be processed, distribute 10～20% in sub-fraction current, for example current.Make these sub-fraction current the mean residence time that salt that granulous will introduce the material in the current for example stops at least one section minimum in the container of Silver monobromide, Sodium Bromide, Calcium Bromide or Silver iodide, sodium iodide, calcium iodide (industrial other purpose that can be used for) is housed at one.Again these sub-fraction current are imported in the main current again, then spray into the atom that contains ozone, Ionized oxygen and nitrogen and molecule and the similar airflow of the ionized gas material of hyperoxia voltinism.These plasma jets can be by substantially as the U.S. Patent application No.08/326339 or the No.08/627227 (applying date: 1996.4.4; Attorney docket No.DJ-11) disclosed uviolizing chamber produces in.Contain the sub-fraction current of backflow and introduced the current of Ionized air-flow then by two pairs or the how right metallic substance sacrificial electrode that contains the metal ion that will add in the current.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment, in current, add a large amount of manganese by adopting copper/manganese or manganese/silver-colored sacrificial electrode.Also can adopt copper/silver electrode.In the metallic substance of electrode, can add≤10.0wt%.Silicon oxide catalyst.Under any situation, all the reverse repeatedly direct supply of the timed interval about cross-over connection polarity between two electrodes is with the several seconds makes it slowly and continuously to discharge to current to be used for the disinfectant metal ion.
According to particular water to be processed, can adopt the difference of above-mentioned these disinfection technologies comprehensively and with the filtration of implementing according to the described method of pending application application routine or above-mentioned, precipitation, flocculation and similar usual way to combine.
By can more understanding the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the total figure that carries out the disinfectant cooling tower air-conditioning system of recirculation cooling water according to the present invention;
Figure 1A is the another kind of structure of similar Fig. 1 system;
Fig. 2 makes a part of current to be processed contact with salt and adds Ionized gas plasma and a kind of possible structure of the assembly of metal ion stream in current;
Fig. 3 makes current and the contacted a kind of special details of an embodiment of assembly easily of salt;
Fig. 4 is the sketch according to the device that the recirculation on aircraft flushing water source is carried out disinfection of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the sketch that adopts the commercial Coin operated laundry waterworks of sterilizing unit of the present invention and method.
Fig. 1 illustrates the artificial atmosphere of the adopting sterilization method of the present invention simple structure with the typical cooling tower system of water coolant.Shown concrete structure representative capacity reaches 100 tons cooling tower system, and certainly, this device can carry out work in parallel, perhaps further repacks bigger system into.
The cardinal principle of this cooling tower system is: the water by airflow heating by heat exchange relationship is downward through cooling tower, it is exposed in the atmosphere and cools off.And then make chilled water and airflow carry out heat exchange, and making air cooling, this process repeats.Then, more chilled air is imported will lower the temperature indoor.
For example, as shown in Figure 1, water coolant is imported in a plurality of heat exchangers 10, the refrigerative air then to flow through this heat exchanger by the direction shown in 12, and then these air are imported will lower the temperature indoor.Water is delivered to cooling tower 14 by pipeline after leaving heat exchanger 10.In cooling tower 14, make its with transfer of heat in atmosphere.Afterwards, in the current screw clamp 16 that is cooled, by pump 18 water pump in the tank 16 is got back in the heat exchanger 10 circulation that Here it is again.In relevant water cooling system, above-mentioned cooling tower changes or adds that the heat exchange steps of the coolant (be freonll-11 in the past, and used the coolant that contains non-Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) base now instead) that uses a kind of easy Quench further makes water for cooling into.The person skilled in the art is bound to understand this replacement.
As mentioned above, this cooling tower and water coolant air-conditioning system for those can invading air systems, particularly provide the breeding place of fecund by the virus in the invading air systems such as not close welding joint in the heat exchanger and other pathogenic bacteria.These bacteriums, for example Legionnella or tuberculosis germ are very dangerous, and its harm can be fatal.Bringing out the virus of various respiratory tract diseases can propagate in a similar manner.The utmost point does not advocate that the flower high price is transformed existing cooling tower or the water coolant air-conditioning system can make bacterium or the viral position (promptly enabling to reach this purpose) that enters in the air system to scheme eliminating all.The cooling tower system is in case communicate with atmosphere, just because of the intrusion of airborne bacterium etc. water polluted especially easily.
It is infeasible adopting methods such as for example uviolizing cooled air of sterilizing.More particularly, in order to make airflow be exposed to time enough in the ultraviolet ray so that kill all germs, must carry out strict restriction to the flow velocity of air-flow, also need extremely strong ultraviolet source simultaneously, so just increase the prime cost and the job costs of this system.At last, ultraviolet irradiation also can add warm air, so impair the intention of this device.
Therefore, importantly provide sterilization method thoroughly and reliably to the water-cooling system of cooling tower and air conditioning machinery.
Therefore, sterilizing unit of the present invention is arranged on 20,22 and 24 places.In an illustrated embodiment, about 15% of the total flux of the above-mentioned main current of recovery that pass through first sterilizing unit 20 by valve 23 shuntings.Then, by one or more filtration units the portion water stream shunting is out filtered totally by 26 expressions.These strainers can be the sort of described in the patent application 08/377620 of the U.S., or other has the device of similar functions.Disinfectant part current are back in the main current at 27 places more.The current that enter also can be by second sterilizing unit at 22 places.In the road of current return flume 16, be provided with plasma jet from gas plasma source 24.(for example shown in Fig. 2 detail drawing) in another embodiment, from the plasma jet of plasma source 24 roughly with biological antiseptic device 20 same position places be set inject in the current, with the bacterium complete oxidation in the assurance current, thereby sterilization cold water is beneficial to prevent the diffusion of any bacterium.Pipeline 32 enters any undissolved gas in the cooling tower 14.
The backwash water of filtration unit 26 is provided by aqua storage tank 28.Backwash water can be stored in the water storage flume 30 before entering water drain 31.Be provided with T- valve 34 and 36, carry out suitable being connected with backwashing pump with example.
Obviously, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a part of recycled water had passed through sterilization and has filtered before main current 27 are sneaked in backflow.All recycled waters in the said system in a short period of time all by the biological antiseptic device.More particularly, all water is all by biological antiseptic device 22, and plasma jet (gas that just contains various ionized gas atoms) then is added in the backflow at 24 places.As mentioned above, all water can both be by biological antiseptic device 20,22 and filtration unit 26, and said process is finished by complete closed valve 23.
Figure 1A is illustrated in the another kind of structure that adopts water sterilization method of the present invention in the cooling tower air-conditioning system.In this embodiment, the part of the total cooling-water flowing that is pumped by pump 18 is come out and is flow through sterilizing unit 20 and filtration unit 26 flows back to the tank 16 again from heat exchanger 10 shuntings.Present embodiment is than the easier conventional device that makes into of embodiment shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 2 illustrates one-piece construction of current being carried out the device of thorough disinfection (just making oxidation and destruction such as all bacteriums in the water, virus, protozoon) of the present invention.The plasma of ionized gas is supplied with by device 24.For example silver salt, sodium salt, calcium iodide or bromide salt contact part current with the sterilization salt at 44 places.Place shown in 46,48 adds metal ion in the current in the drawings.
At first 44 add disinfection salt in water by means of device, design herein is that the current than shallow bid were contacted with salt in considerable time, and the disinfection salt of significant quantity is dissolved in each strand current, and then reverse osmosis is gone in the initial current and with it and mixed mutually.Do not wish to make whole current to contact, but needn't salt be added in the current the big speed of ether, and will often resupply salt with disinfection salt.
Selected salt can be granulous silver salt, sodium salt or Calcium Bromide or iodate calcium salt or their mixture.For example, according to the present invention, can be earlier that the bromination silver salt is soluble in water, introduce suitable ionized gas plasma atom again, make it form hypobromous acid.This acid has high oxidisability (as following will associative list I the discussion), therefore, is the sterilizing agent of a kind of effective eliminating bacteria and virus.For example, add the acid iodide that the iodate calcium salt just forms similar oxidisability.
The above-mentioned salt that technical specification is arranged can have been bought on market.As mentioned above, water contacts with above-mentioned these salt, and with ionized gas stream mutually the blended result be the hypobromous acid and/or the acid iodide sterilizing agent that can make its original position (just in current itself) formation significant quantity.The very big benefit that original position forms these acid is that these acid have high oxidation capacity at once and can pass through oxygenizement and killing bacteria and virus once forming, and its benefit also is to have avoided fully having corrosive physical treatment and adventurous chemical treatment.
According to an only embodiment who implements this one side of the present invention, required salt 45 is put into the container 46 of sealing.This container 46 is furnished with lid 48, and they all are at commercially available member, and this has just reduced the cost of device of the present invention widely.The details of lid is shown in Fig. 3.As shown in the figure, lid 48 has the interconnection 50 that portion within it forms, and this passage 50 has the inlet end 52 of the current that admittance come in by inlet tube 54.Lid 48 has the identical outlet opening 56 in a cross-sectional area and ingate 52.According to the present invention, section of a pipe 58 is inserted in second hole (outlet opening) of lid so that the cross-sectional area of the outlet side of interconnection 50 is reduced about 20%, this just makes the flow velocity that flows through outlet side generally increase to 20～60psi (gauge pressure), and flow is 30～50 gpms.The increase of flow velocity will form vacuum at flow measurement metering-orifice 60 places during outlet opening 56 by lid, and the macropore 61 of the lower wall that this flow measurement metering-orifice 60 gets out, faces down on pipe 58 and forms by the outlet opening 56 that bores by the interconnection 50 of lid 48 is connected with the inside of container.As shown in the figure, interconnection 50 also is connected with the passage 62 that soaks pipe 64 downward extension that admittance extends downwardly into the following blind end place of container 46.
During use, current to be processed are infeeded by pipe 54.Water is full of container 46 by soaking pipe 64.More a spot of current (1～20% of total water current amount, remaining directly flows through interconnection) are arranged because the flow velocity by outlet opening 56 increases the vacuum that forms by the sucking-offs that make progress from flow measurement metering-orifice 60, shown in arrow among Fig. 2.Container 46 certain hours (this time is depended on the relative cross sectional area of 52 of flow measurement metering-orifice 60 and ingates and the area of the outlet opening that reduced by pipeline section 58) are interior to contact with salt these a spot of current when it remains in.Can be transferred to suitable hole dimension by test, this size is not too strict in certain wide region.For example, the diameter of inlet tube 54 is about 3～4 inches (internal diameters), and, make it reduce 1/3 area by inserting pipeline section 58, then the diameter of flow measurement metering-orifice can be about 0.125～0.183 inch, 1～10% main current is so just arranged by shunting and by the granular salt material 45 in the container 44.The mean residence time of this sub-fraction in container 44 of total water current is about 1～15 minute, in this time, has a certain amount of salt to be dissolved in the current, and is formed with the acid of disinfection when they mix mutually with Ionized air-flow.
(this embodiment does not limit the present invention equally in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, and be example of the present invention), wherein sub-fraction is flowed in the container 44 contains salt and then with after main current combine at current, again by the plasma jet of plasma source introducing ionized gas.The typical component of the plasma jet of ionized gas associative list I below describes in detail.In brief, the ionized gas atom that can be easily obtains to contain significant quantity from plasma generator 68 is the airflow of atomic oxygen, Ionized oxygen atomic group, ozone and Ionized nitrogen etc. for example, and above-mentioned plasma generator sees that U.S. Patent application No.08/326339 and part thereof continue No.08/627227 (applying date 1996.4.4; Attorney docket No.DJ-11).
As described in the above-mentioned patent application, suitable plasma generator 68 (effective source of just airborne ionized gas atomic current) contains a sealing chamber 70 that has gas inlet 72.By a pump or by make under the state of airflow after ionization mix mutually with current and since in the venturi that current form effect airflow is produced suction and with in the airflow suction seal chamber 70.Under any above-mentioned situation, the airflow that enters is all by for example guiding so that with the air in certain amount atomizing/ionizing around UV-lamp (by 76 power supplies of suitable power supply) pipe 75 on every side.This process itself is well-known.What relate to invention in the above-mentioned pending application application makes the particularly advantageous device of the atomizing/ionizing of most of gas with effective and reliable method.The applicant finds that specifically (20～50000Hz), when particularly adopting the pulse power of this frequency, common UV-lamp also can be launched additional ionization infrared rays if adopt high frequency electric source.Described as top pending application application, Ionized gas atom also is subjected to the effect in magnetic field when they are subjected to Ionized radiation effect.Therefore, can under suitable energy expenditure, form ozone, the ionized nitrogen that contains big per-cent and contain ionization singlet oxygen atom and the plasma jet of the ionized oxygen atom of branch subclass.
Above-mentioned ionized gas plasma jet is introduced in the current at 80 places shown in Figure 2.Restriction also can be provided in another venturi and air-flow is sucked in the current, then, from one or more pairs of be installed in pinblock 86 or the similar component and directly with the contacted sacrificial electrode 46,48 of current with in the metal ion stream adding current.Above-mentioned electrode is by the 6～24V that is about of cross-over connection two counter electrode, and 500～5000 milliamperes direct supply 88 is powered.The polarity of galvanic current every the several seconds oppositely once, guaranteeing the even consumption of electrode materials, and prevent that the electroconductibility pollutant sediment is on electrode.
The material of electrode 46,48 changes with the kind that will add the metal ion in the current.The metal ion that adds is selected according to the specific pollution chemistry of relevant current again.Certainly, knew already that copper and silver ions can kill the organism in the current effectively in sterilizing process.Then fewer this type of purpose that is used for of manganese.According to the present invention, silicon-dioxide adds in the electrode materials when melting and casting.Therefore, the relative proportion of copper that contains in the electrode and silver can be: 50～95wt%Cu ,≤1.0wt%SiO
2, surplus Ag; 70～95wt%Cu ,≤1.0wt%SiO
2, surplus Mn; Perhaps: 80～90wt%Mn ,≤10wt%SiO
2At least 5wt%Ag or Cu.Component described in said herein component and the following every claim refers to the electrode materials of weighing before melting and casting becomes electrode.
Have found that the SiO that in the manganese composition, adds especially up to 10wt% provided by the invention
2Be to adopt common casting equipment and to cast out the uniform alloy electrode of these metals necessary.More particularly, in the Cu/Mn mixture, add a spot of SiO
2(form with Powdered silica sand is added in the casting crucible) can make this alloy have comprehensive castability, and this is normally impossible.According to the present invention, also can in Mn/Ag and Cu/Ag electrode component, add SiO
2To improve its castability.The proportional SiO of Mn amount that adds and provided
2Help the uniform mixing in the molten metal.Therefore, according to an importance of the present invention, in the metal of cast electrode, add SiO exactly
2So that the sterilization of water.In sterilizing process, add SiO
2Also be useful.Add SiO
2Cast electrode ablation is also more even in use, this just can increase its useful life.
When needs form special sterilization compound or when using copper in the sacrificial electrode that need avoid being generally used for treating water, can adopt to contain Mn and Ag and as above-mentioned interpolation SiO
2Electrode.Excessive use copper can cause copper to be deposited on the inside of connecting tube and other accessory.
Current to be processed preferably come the metal ion of self- electrode 46,48 to flow with the contacted small portion current of salt face, (2) gas plasma stream and/or (3) with form and (1) of turbulent flow highly to mix mutually.Specifically, the mixing of turbulent flow type can guarantee that the component of current and mn ion and the ionized oxygen in the plasma jet that electrode discharges produce effecting reaction and form for example permanganate group (MnO
4 -).The disinfection principle of other kind of original position formation is discussed below thus.Mixing is effectively sterilized to current thereby device shown in Figure 2 can produce turbulent flow type in pinblock 86.
Usually think all in the prior art that disinfectant mechanism is oxidation, that is to say that the bacterium in the water, virus, algae, protozoon and other adventurous biopathogen bacterium can be killed by contacting with oxidizing substance.Then, remove the residue of its oxidation by filtration, precipitation, cohesion and other known technology (any above-mentioned method or all methods all can combine with disinfection technology of the present invention).The chlorine that is generally used for water treatment also is a kind of oxygenant, that is to say, the chloridization process that is used for water sterilization recent decades and the present invention are used passes through oxygenizement to kill the sterilization method of organism similar.But shown in following Table I, the efficient oxidation effect of chlorine and the chlorine hypochlorite that produces soluble in water (and relevant cholorination is handled compound of usefulness) is in fact much smaller than the oxygenizement that oxygenant is added in the current of the present invention.And when biological germ was encased (this situation is recurrent) by lactous oil, fat, colloidal particle etc. in contaminated water, chlorine can't oxidation and is killed these germs.Therefore, the application of the invention not only can prevent the corrosive nature of chlorine and the side effect of issuable danger, and more effectively finishes sterilizing function owing to improved the oxidation potential of the disinfecting substance that the present invention added.
Table I has compared all kinds of plasmas that produced by plasma generator and other oxidizing substance that forms according to the present invention and the oxidation potential of chlorine and hypochlorite ion in current.Plasma jet comprises Ionized atomic oxygen and molecular oxygen, that is to say to comprise Ionized singlet molecular oxygen and polyatomic ion oxygen molecule, oxygen atomic group and ozone.In plasma generator 68, also produce the nitrogen ion.When plasma jet mixes at 80 places with current, just form additional hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl groups and perhydro group.Come the metal ion of self- electrode 46,48 and Sauerstoffatom to react and form the permanganate ion, react with oxygen and nitrogen ion and form cupric nitrate and Silver Nitrate.Bromide and iodine and plasma gas ion, perhydro group, hydroxyl groups react and form hypobromous acid and acid iodide.
As shown in Table I, add the scope of the ionic oxidation potential in the current from perhydro group (H according to the present invention
+) 1.7ev (electron-volt) to the 2.8ev of hydroxyl groups (OH).By more as can be seen, the oxidation potential of chlorine is 1.36ev.
Table I also illustrates the permanganate ion (MnO that is formed by the oxonium ion in manganese that disengages and the water
4 -) oxidation potential and the hypobromous acid H (OBr that combines and generate with the ionized oxygen that adds as the portion gas plasma jet subsequently by the bromide that adds the current in the container 44
-) oxidation potential.The oxidation potential of each all is higher than the chlorine of common use significantly in them.
Also having a row headers in the Table I be " oxidation capacity relatively ", and it is meant that oxidation potential with chlorine is decided to be at 1 o'clock and adds the oxidation potential of the material in the entry by what the ratio form was calculated according to the present invention, in order to comparison.
Table I
| The oxygenant that is added | Oxidation potential (ev) | Relative oxidation capacity |
| Hydroxyl groups (OH -) | ????2.80 | ????2.05 |
| Atom (partly) oxygen, singlet molecular oxygen (O -), oxygen groups (O 2 ±) | ????2.42 | ????1.78 |
| Bromine oxygen (O 3) | ????2.07 | ????1.52 |
| Hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) | ????1.77 | ????1.30 |
| Perhydro group (H +) | ????1.70 | ????1.25 |
| Permanganate (MnO 4 -) | ????1.67 | ????1.23 |
| Hypobromous acid (H (OBr -)) | ????1.59 | ????1.17 |
| Relatively | ||
| Hypochlorite (HCl) | ????1.49 | ????1.10 |
| Chlorine (Cl -) | ????1.36 | ????1.00 |
Though should be understood that and listed chlorine (chlorine is the general hypochlorite that forms in water, and the present invention generally carries out water treatment without these deleterious materials) in the table, should avoid using it, listing these materials in the table only is in order to compare.
At last, should be noted that oxonium ion in silver that is discharged by sacrificial electrode and cupric ion and the water and nitrogen ion combine and form Silver Nitrate (AgNO
3) and cupric nitrate (CuNO
3), they can provide additional sterilization and algae removal function, and itself have the sterilizing ability of the oxygenant listed above Table I.Airflow is exposed to is particularly conducive to formation nitrogen ion in high-octane ultraviolet ray and the high-intensity magnetic field, most preferred embodiment as the plasma source among the U.S. Patent application No.08/326339 and 08/627227 (applying date 1996.4, attorney docket No.DJ-11) is described.
Therefore, from analytical table I as can be seen, each is all much effective than the chlorine of common use for the added sterilization oxygenant of the present invention.The used various oxygenants of the present invention synthetically provide eliminating bacteria, virus and protozoacide ability very completely, prove already that it was very effective for these dangerous organisms of eliminating in the water system.
As mentioned above, sterilizing unit of the present invention can require the different compound of adding to handle a lot of different current with biological nature and to last effusive water purification according to the chemistry accurately of current to be processed with method.
For example, Fig. 2 illustrates a kind of three major portions of sterilization method, that is: (1) makes the small portion current contact with bromide salt or iodide salt, returns with current again and mixes mutually; (2) plasma of introducing ionized gas and (3) import metal ion.All this three steps all can be used for just may containing the water that the water source in dangerous bacterium, virus or protozoon biological bacteria source flows out from source of pollution.
In order to reach high efficient, all oxygenants and disinfecting substance all in the height turbulent region roughly the same position import in the current guaranteeing and thoroughly mix and react completely.In addition, should be noted that, metal ion and importing isoionic position or producing near this position original position by the ion that salt generates, therefore, the reaction between them is simultaneous and is efficiently.So the structure shown in Fig. 2～3 has multiple advantages.But except Tonghua oxidation eliminating bacteria, virus etc., can also believe, this pollutent contacts with Ionized gas plasma and will promote other solid particulate and the sand mud that contain in they and the water to condense into big particle, thereby more easy-to-use physical method filters out it.But the present invention is not limited in this work theory.
The following describes an alternative embodiment of the invention.As is generally known to the water source on the aircraft, just to carry out disinfection be important to the water that is used between flushing sanitation etc.More particularly; the air pressure regular meeting of aircraft cabin changes suddenly; when the air pressure in cabin reduced suddenly, the vapour pressure that is dissolved in the gas in the water of water tank may surpass the vapour pressure of air, therefore just have a large amount of gas dissolvedes and atomizing moisture to enter suddenly in the atmosphere in cabin.Because the water source that is stored in the aircraft toilet is obviously polluted by people's various refuses, the unexpected release of above-mentioned gas dissolved may contain a large amount of bacteriums, virus and similar biological mushroom, and this is quite dangerous for the passenger.Therefore, the waste water of aircraft washroom is carried out disinfection obviously press for.Because the restriction of weight, the water on the aircraft usually recycles, and that is to say that with same water therefore, it is particularly important that its waste water is carried out disinfection repeatedly between flushing sanitation.
Fig. 4 illustrates a kind of small-sized efficient sterilizing unit that the recirculated water that is used for waiting between flushing sanitation on the aircraft is carried out disinfection.Supply tank 122 is equipped with the water of sterilizing at first, and water is fed to the water tap at 124 places.The waste water 100 that enters is stored in the receiving tank 102, after aircraft landing the solid particulate 104 that is precipitated out is removed.Make an inner room 106 in receiving tank 102, the bottom of this inner room 106 has an opening that allows water upwards to flow into inner room 106.Be provided with a magnetic separation filtration device 108 in the inner room 106, this strainer can for example be a disclosed multistage electrofilter in patent application No.08/377620.In the time will removing the solid particulate 104 that deposition comes out, can strainer 108 be taken out from flap 110, so that with for example compacting, the fragmentation or burn of shallow lake hypostasis.
The filtering disinfectant water of wanting is pumped by the central authorities of pipeline 112 from strainer 108 by pump 114.Pump 114 is connected with general sterilizing unit as shown in Figure 2, certainly, should be understood that the described various sterilization methods of this patent all can be used on this purposes.Pump 114 is installed on second flap 115 conveniently to enter the inside of receiving tank 102.Be stored in the sterilized water supply tank 122 by T-valve 118 and magnetic valve 120 from 116 water of disinfectant that come out.Just can be used to washing subsequently, wash away the toilet by supply tank 122 effusive water like shown in 124.The buoy or the water level switch 126 that are arranged in the supply tank 122 are being controlled the position of valve 118 and 120 so that excessive sterilized water is flowed back in the receiving tank 102 by pipeline 128.Be provided with a ventilation opening 130 that is connected with the outer vent of aircraft so that make the spontaneous gas discharge of biological dissolution outside in the receiving tank 102.Other that can be provided for that draining and flushing receiving tank use is connected pipe etc., but because of for simplicity, so not shown.
By the sterilizing unit of the present invention 116 combine with waste water collection tank is set, and second tank of storage sterilized water is set where necessary, can makes the water source only flow out disinfectant water.Thoroughly eradicate bacterium in the birdman cabin, virus and other may have the problem of the diffusion of communicable biological mushroom.
Fig. 5 illustrates another embodiment that uses sterilization method of the present invention and sterilizing unit, and in the present embodiment, device of the present invention is used for the recirculating water system that Coin operated laundry is used.Certainly, similarly device also can be used for other similar purposes, hot water and cold water flow to connection respectively from pressurized tank 130,132 washing machine 134,136.The water (comprising washing water and rinse water) that flows out from washing machine flows into the gravity tipper 138, and is downward through the flannelette screen cloth that a plurality of mesh sizes diminish step by step under the effect of gravity, and carries out preliminary filter operation.
In one-level sterilization loop, the current that flow through flannelette screen cloth 140 enter in first and second settling baths 142,144.Then water is extracted out from settling bath 142,144 continuously by pump 146,148, the sterilizing unit of the present invention that schematically illustrates with assembly 150,152 in arrival figure (they are usually corresponding to the device of the present invention shown in Fig. 2 and 3) is located to carry out disinfection, and turns back in the settling bath 142,144 again.So just, finished important preliminarily pasteurized function.
In the one-level loop water of recirculation some enter in the secondary circuit by pipeline 154, be provided with the ionogen preliminary filter 156 that is positioned under the another kind of refining plant 158,160 trip in this secondary circuit.Water is crossed secondary circuit by pump 166 pump flow.The water that leaves ionogen preliminary filter 156 carries out fine filtering at 168 places.Fine filter 168 and preliminary filter 156 can be the applicant's above-mentioned U.S. Patent application specifically application number be disclosed in the patent application of No.08/377620 the sort of.Shown in sketch, device 158,160 also contains the above-mentioned metal electrode that a pair of with suitable power supply is connected, so that before water enters preliminary filter 156 metal ion is discharged in the entry.Specifically, the water that flows through system in each daytime generally continuously always, but then cutout at night.Add metal ion in the refining plant 158,160 and be enough to stop the overnight growth of in strainer 156 and downstream components (comprising strainer 168 and water tank 170,172) thereof any bacterium etc.As shown in the figure, at 162 and 164 places other flannelette amputation strainer can be set.The water in city infeeds at 182 places, and suitable valve is set so that carry out regular backwash with 166 pairs of strainers of pump 156,168,162,164.
Be stored in the water tank (two water tanks 170,172 are shown among the figure simply) through the water behind the fine filtering of strainer 168, certainly, the present invention is not limited to two water tanks.Water in these water tanks makes its continuous recirculation by pump 174 and by other sterilizing unit 176,178, and what simply mark among the figure 176,178 also contains the assemblies that be provided with, shown in Fig. 2 and 3 according to the present invention.Before cold water tank 130 that is stored into pressurization and hot-water cylinder 132, can add other " brute force " disinfecting substances from water tank 170,172 effusive water simply being shown 180, specifically add residual metal ion.
System shown in Figure 5 is the typical case that recirculated water is sterilized and reclaimed the ortho-water treatment system of using in the water-saving many commercial and industrial devices of requirement.Therefore, should be understood that system shown in Figure 5 and other device that is described in detail only are that the example that how to use sterilization method of the present invention and sterilizing unit under known water occasion is described as an example and simply here.As think in case of necessity, can change or increase this class component each assembly, additional filter, flocculation groove, settling bath etc.
As using another embodiment of the present invention, must thorough disinfection overflow and dye flax that various human body effluent liquid are arranged, clothes etc. in the laundry of hospital, therefore, three kinds of disinfectant most preferred embodiments that described in detail in conjunction with Fig. 2 and 3 above preferably all are used for the water circulation system of hospital.In some industrial water cycles is handled for example commercial and/or industrial wash-down water processing etc., current are contacted and to add Ionized gas plasma just enough with salt, that is to say, needn't add the work step of metal ion, because these current do not need to contact with human body after recirculation.From the current of swimming pool or hot spring or cycle through in the current of heat exchanger of air-conditioning (as above-mentioned), just then add the ionization air-flow and metal ion enough, can remove the work step that contacts with salt from.But, above-mentioned these also only as an example, be not construed as limiting the invention.In like manner, under many circumstances, preferably make the additional unit assembly of wishing setting, for example combine with the specific device described in the following claim at magnetic separation filtration device, flocculation plant and the settler shown in the above-mentioned pending application application.
Therefore, though top clear in detail several optimum examples of the present invention does not limit the present invention thus, scope of the present invention is only limited by following claim.
Claims (44)
1. one kind to the current method of disinfecting, comprises the following step:
Sub-fraction in the above-mentioned current is contacted with one or more salt in the salt group of being made up of Silver monobromide, Sodium Bromide or Calcium Bromide or Silver iodide, sodium iodide or calcium iodide, these sub-fraction current are turned back in the above-mentioned current;
Generation contains the airflow of a certain proportion of oxidizing gas atom and molecule (comprise Ionized molecule or atomic oxygen or nitrogen, or in the ozone one or more), and it is mixed mutually with above-mentioned current and
Generation contain in copper, manganese and the silver one or more metal ion stream and it is mixed with above-mentioned current.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the above-mentioned current that comprise the small portion current of above-mentioned backflow contain the air of the atom of oxidizing gas and molecule and metal ion intermingling side by side almost under the height turbulent state.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the above-mentioned atom that contains a certain proportion of oxidizing gas and the airflow of molecule are formed by the uviolizing air flow.
4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterized in that above-mentioned ultraviolet ray is produced by one or more low pressure mercury vapor lamps, this lamp is powered by 50～115 volts, 500～1500 milliamperes, 20000～50000 hertz high-frequency ac power.
5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned high-frequency ac current they peak value about 50～100% between pulse repeatedly.
6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned generation contain one or more metal ions stream in copper, manganese, the silver and make its with current mutually the blended step be to pass to direct current and finish by being opposite to sacrificial electrode in the above-mentioned current, and contain the metal ion that will add above-mentioned current in this sacrificial electrode.
7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that, the first above-mentioned counter electrode be by contain 70～95wt%Cu ,≤1wt%SiO
2, surplus material casting for Mn forms.
8. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that, the first above-mentioned counter electrode be by contain 80～90wt%Mn ,≤10wt%SiO
2The Ag of at least 5～10wt% or the casting of the material of Cu form.
9. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that, the first above-mentioned counter electrode be by contain 50～95wt%Cu ,≤1wt%SiO
2, surplusly cast for the material of Ag.
10. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that, the direct current of the above-mentioned above-mentioned electrode of supply be 6～24 volts, 500～5000 milliamperes but galvanic polarity every 1 second～5 minutes oppositely once.
11. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the above-mentioned method that the above-mentioned current of sub-fraction is contacted with Silver monobromide, Sodium Bromide, Calcium Bromide or Silver iodide, sodium iodide, calcium iodide and these sub-fraction current are refluxed is: distribute sub-fraction from above-mentioned current, the small portion current of again this being shunted are out introduced, are flowed out and be back to the above-mentioned current from the other end of this container again from an end of elongated vessel that above-mentioned salt is housed.
12. the method according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the above-mentioned small portion current that shunting is come out from current account for 1～10% in the total water current.
13. one kind to the current method of disinfecting, it comprises the following steps:
Generation contains the airflow of a certain proportion of oxidizing gas atom and molecule, and it comprises in Ionized molecule or atomic oxygen, nitrogen or the ozone one or more, and it is mixed mutually with above-mentioned current; With
Generation contains at least two kinds of ionic metal ions stream in the ionic group of being made up of copper, silver and mn ion and it is mixed mutually with above-mentioned current.
14. the method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, above-mentioned current, the air that contains oxidizing gas atom and molecule and metal ion almost are intermingling side by side under the height turbulent state.
15. the method according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned generation contains at least two kinds of ionic metal ion streams in the ionic group of being made up of copper, silver, mn ion, and make its with current mutually the blended work step be opposite to electrode in the above-mentioned current to one and pass to direct current and finish, the material of this electrode is selected by following respectively the combination in the gold: 70～90wt%Cu ,≤1%SiO
2, surplus Mn; 80～90wt%Mn, 1～10wt%SiO
2, at least 5～10wt% Ag or Cu; And 50～95wt%Cu ,≤1wt%SiO
2, surplus be Ag.
16. the method according to claim 15 is characterized in that, the direct current that leads to above-mentioned electrode is 6～24 volts, 500～5000 milliamperes, and its polarity every 1 second～5 minutes oppositely once.
17. one kind to the current method of disinfecting, it comprises the following step:
Sub-fraction in the above-mentioned current is contacted with one or more salt in the salt group of being made up of Silver monobromide, Sodium Bromide, Calcium Bromide or Silver iodide, sodium iodide, calcium iodide, these sub-fraction current are turned back in the above-mentioned current; With
Generation contains the airflow of a certain proportion of oxidizing gas atom and molecule, and it contains in Ionized molecule or atomic oxygen, nitrogen or the ozone one or more, and it is mixed mutually with above-mentioned current.
18. the method according to claim 17 is characterized in that, above-mentioned current and the air that contains oxidizing gas atom and molecule of sub-fraction current that comprises above-mentioned backflow intermingling side by side almost under the height turbulent state.
19. method according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, the uviolizing air flow that the above-mentioned airflow that contains a certain proportion of oxidizing gas atom and molecule is sent by one or more UV-lamp forms, and above-mentioned UV-lamp passes to 50～115 volts, 500～5000 milliamperes, 20000～50000 hertz high-frequency alternating current.
20. the method according to claim 19 is characterized in that, above-mentioned high-frequency alternating current also carries out pulse with 70～100% very low frequency rate of its electric current total head.
21. one kind by 70～95wt%Cu ,≤1wt%SiO
2, surplus Mn the sacrificial electrode goods that are used for water sterilization cast of material.
22. one kind by 80～90wt%Mn, 1～10wt%SiO
2The sacrificial electrode goods that are used for water sterilization that the material of at least 5～10wt%Ag or Cu is cast.
23. one kind by 50～95wt%Cu ,≤1wt%SiO
2The sacrificial electrode goods that are used for water sterilization that the material of surplus Ag is cast.
24. the device that water sterilization is used contains:
Make device that the sub-fraction of above-mentioned current contacts with one or more salt in the salt group of being made up of Silver monobromide, Sodium Bromide, Calcium Bromide or Silver iodide, sodium iodide, calcium iodide and
Be used to produce the airflow that contains a certain proportion of oxidizing gas atom and molecule, it contains in Ionized molecule or atomic oxygen, nitrogen or the ozone one or more, and makes itself and above-mentioned current blended device mutually.
25. the device according to claim 24 is characterized in that, it also contain comprise above-mentioned sub-fraction recirculation water above-mentioned current under the height turbulent state with the air that contains the atom of oxidizing gas and the molecule device of intermingling side by side almost.
26. the device according to claim 24 is characterized in that, it also contain be useful on produce contain in copper, manganese and the silver ions one or more metal ion stream and make itself and above-mentioned current blended device mutually.
27. device according to claim 26, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned generation contain in copper, manganese and the silver ions one or more metal ion stream and make its with above-mentioned current mutually the blended device contain one and be opposite in the above-mentioned current and by containing electrode that the ionic material that will discharge casts and to the galvanic device of 6～24 volts, 500～5000 milliamperes of this counter electrode supplies.
28. the device according to claim 24 is characterized in that, the above-mentioned device that sub-fraction in the above-mentioned current is contacted with above-mentioned selected salt and these small portion current are back in the above-mentioned current contains:
Be used for distributing the device of sub-fraction current from above-mentioned current;
Be used for sub-fraction current that above-mentioned shunting is come out import this container from an end that contains the elongated vessel of above-mentioned selected salt device;
Be used to make above-mentioned sub-fraction current from the effusive device of the other end of said vesse;
Be used for making above-mentioned sub-fraction current to be back to the device of above-mentioned current.
29. device according to claim 24, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned current are fed to and are used for making above-mentioned sub-fraction current to contact with the above-mentioned salt of selecting and make it be back to the device of above-mentioned current, this device contains a container that above-mentioned salt is housed, this container has an interconnection that strides across its upper end, first end or the inlet end of an above-mentioned interconnection that is connected with above-mentioned pipeline, one is connected with above-mentioned interconnection and extends downwards and ends at second conduit on the mutually juxtaposed opening end of following blind end with said vesse, with a flow measurement metering-orifice that on second end of the above-mentioned interconnection that above-mentioned cross-sectional area reduces or exit end, forms, like this, when above-mentioned container was full of the water of the above-mentioned current of being sent here by the second above-mentioned conduit, the sub-fraction current of above-mentioned current were just passed back in the above-mentioned current by above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice behind the mean residence time that contacts at least one section minimum with above-mentioned salt in the said vesse.
30. device according to claim 29, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned second end of above-mentioned interconnection or the cross-sectional area of exit end be about first end of this interconnection or inlet end cross-sectional area 50～90%, therefore, face has formed a kind of suction on the above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice that opens wide downwards, is back to the above-mentioned current from above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice thereby make by the sub-fraction in the above-mentioned current of said vesse.
31. the device according to claim 29 is characterized in that, the cross-sectional area of above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice be about above-mentioned second end of above-mentioned interconnection or exit end cross-sectional area 1～20%.
32. device according to claim 29, it is characterized in that, second end of above-mentioned interconnection or the cross-sectional area that reduces of exit end are to form by second end that section of a pipe is inserted into above-mentioned interconnection, above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice is to insert the hole that gets out before the exit end of above-mentioned interconnection at above-mentioned this section pipe on this pipe, thereby this hole is directed downwards and communicates with the inside of said vesse.
33. a sub-fraction that is used for making current with make these small portion current be back to the goods of the device in the above-mentioned current after required material contacts at least one period average exposure duration, this device contains a closed container that above-mentioned material requested is housed, an interconnection that strides across the upper end of said vesse and extend, first end or the inlet end of an above-mentioned interconnection that is connected with first conduit of the above-mentioned current of guiding, one is connected with above-mentioned interconnection and extends downwards and end at the flow measurement metering-orifice that opens wide that second end that dwindles than its first end or inlet end at the cross-sectional area of above-mentioned interconnection with second conduit of the following blind end opening end side by side of said vesse and or exit end form downwards from it, like this, above-mentioned container just has been full of the water from above-mentioned current, is back to the above-mentioned current from above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice then contacted residence time of at least one section minimum with above-mentioned material in above-mentioned container by the sub-fraction in the above-mentioned current of above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice metering after.
34. device according to claim 33, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned second end of above-mentioned interconnection or the cross-sectional area of exit end be about first end of above-mentioned interconnection or inlet end cross-sectional area 50～90%, therefore can on the above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice that opens wide, produce a suction by face downwards, turn back to the above-mentioned current from above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice thereby make by the sub-fraction in the above-mentioned current of said vesse.
35. the device according to claim 33 is characterized in that, the cross-sectional area of above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice be about above-mentioned second end of above-mentioned interconnection or exit end cross-sectional area 1～20%.
36. device according to claim 35, it is characterized in that, the cross-sectional area that dwindles on second end of above-mentioned interconnection or the exit end forms by second end that first section pipe is inserted into this interconnection, above-mentioned flow measurement metering-orifice is to get out on this pipe before above-mentioned pipe is inserted into the exit end of above-mentioned interconnection, this hole is directed downwards and with the internal communication of said vesse.
37. a device that is used for water sterilization contains:
Be used for producing the airflow that contains a certain proportion of oxidizing gas atom and molecule, it contains in Ionized molecule or atomic oxygen, nitrogen or the ozone one or more, and make its with above-mentioned current mutually the blended device and
Be used for producing one or more metal ions stream that contains mn ion and cupric ion, silver ions and make itself and above-mentioned current blended device mutually.
38. device according to claim 37, it is characterized in that it also contains the sub-fraction that makes in the above-mentioned current and contacts with in the salt group of being made up of Silver monobromide, Sodium Bromide, Calcium Bromide or Silver iodide, sodium iodide, calcium iodide one or more and make it be back to device in the above-mentioned current.
39. the device according to claim 38 is characterized in that, the above-mentioned current that it also contains the sub-fraction current that comprise above-mentioned backflow under the height turbulent state almost be side by side with the device that contains Ionized oxidizing gas atom and molecule intermingling.
40. device according to claim 37, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned being used for produce contain copper, manganese and silver ions one or more metal ion stream and make its with above-mentioned current mutually the blended device contain one and be opposite in the above-mentioned current and by containing electrode that the ionic material that will discharge casts and to the galvanic device of 6～24 volts, 500～5000 milliamperes of this counter electrode supplies.
41. the circulating water flow method of disinfecting of usefulness such as the heat exchange medium to Coin operated washing machine, industry or use in refrigeration system, swimming pool, hot spring contains the following step:
Generation contains the airflow of a certain proportion of oxidizing gas atom and molecule, its contain in Ionized molecule or atomic oxygen, nitrogen or the ozone one or more and it is mixed mutually with above-mentioned current; With
Generation contain in copper, manganese and the silver ions one or more metal ion stream and it is mixed mutually with above-mentioned current.
42. the recycled water stream to hotel, restaurant, hospital, commercial laundry machine or city, industry or commercial water source etc. carries out disinfectant method, contains the following step:
Sub-fraction in the above-mentioned current is contacted with in the salt group of being made up of Silver monobromide, Sodium Bromide, Calcium Bromide or Silver iodide, sodium iodide, calcium iodide one or more and it is back in the above-mentioned current;
Generation contains the airflow of a certain proportion of oxidizing gas atom and molecule, and it contains in Ionized molecule or atomic oxygen, nitrogen or the ozone one or more, and it is mixed mutually with above-mentioned current;
Generation contain in copper, manganese and the silver ions one or more metal ion stream and it is mixed mutually with above-mentioned current.
43. one kind is carried out disinfectant method to recycled water streams such as industrial operation, commercial recirculation and water storing operation, contains the following step:
Sub-fraction in the above-mentioned current is contacted with in the salt group of being made up of Silver monobromide, Sodium Bromide, Calcium Bromide or Silver iodide, sodium iodide, calcium iodide one or more and it is back in the above-mentioned current; With
Generation contains the airflow of a certain proportion of oxidizing gas atom and molecule, and it contains in Ionized molecule or atomic oxygen, nitrogen or the ozone one or more, and it is mixed mutually with above-mentioned current.
44. the limited water source to usefulness such as flushing aircraft toilets carries out recirculation and disinfectant method contains the following step:
The initial water amount is stored in supply tank and the receiving tank;
From above-mentioned supply tank between the drainage water flushing sanitation;
The water that is used between flushing sanitation is collected above-mentioned receiving tank;
Water in the above-mentioned receiving tank is filtered to remove solid matter wherein;
With following method filtering water is carried out disinfection;
In the ion that makes above-mentioned filtering current and Ionized gas plasma or discharged by metal electrode one or more mix mutually; Filtering current are contacted with in Silver monobromide, Sodium Bromide, Calcium Bromide or Silver iodide, sodium iodide, the calcium iodide one or more;
The above-mentioned current of disinfectant are back in the above-mentioned supply tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97190311A CN1188460A (en) | 1996-04-04 | 1997-04-04 | Apparatus and process for non-chemical plasma ion disinfection of water |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/627,278 | 1996-04-04 | ||
| CN97190311A CN1188460A (en) | 1996-04-04 | 1997-04-04 | Apparatus and process for non-chemical plasma ion disinfection of water |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1188460A true CN1188460A (en) | 1998-07-22 |
Family
ID=5178675
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97190311A Pending CN1188460A (en) | 1996-04-04 | 1997-04-04 | Apparatus and process for non-chemical plasma ion disinfection of water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1188460A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100351184C (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2007-11-28 | 金玉顺 | Ionized-water supplying apparatus using in-water plasma discharging |
| CN110402854A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-05 | 武汉中科瑞华生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high viability breeding method of C. guichenoti fry |
| CN111517507A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-11 | 兆联实业股份有限公司 | Water treatment system |
-
1997
- 1997-04-04 CN CN97190311A patent/CN1188460A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100351184C (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2007-11-28 | 金玉顺 | Ionized-water supplying apparatus using in-water plasma discharging |
| CN111517507A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-11 | 兆联实业股份有限公司 | Water treatment system |
| CN110402854A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-05 | 武汉中科瑞华生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high viability breeding method of C. guichenoti fry |
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