CN118813370A - A novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device and its use method - Google Patents
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 278
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- BKHZIBWEHPHYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroform;3-methylbutan-1-ol Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl.CC(C)CCO BKHZIBWEHPHYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101100012902 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) FIG2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000827703 Homo sapiens Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000026350 Inborn Genetic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100023591 Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100233916 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) KAR5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及医疗器械技术，具体涉及一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置及其使用方法。The present invention relates to medical device technology, and in particular to a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device and a use method thereof.
背景技术Background Art
分子诊断技术主要基于分子生物学原理，通过检测遗传物质(DNA、RNA)的结构、数量及表达功能是否异常，来判断受检者是否存在基因水平的异常变化。这些变化可能与遗传性疾病、肿瘤、感染性疾病等多种疾病的发生、发展密切相关；Molecular diagnostic technology is mainly based on the principles of molecular biology. It determines whether the subject has abnormal changes at the genetic level by detecting whether the structure, quantity and expression function of genetic material (DNA, RNA) are abnormal. These changes may be closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases such as genetic diseases, tumors, infectious diseases, etc.
在通过分子诊断技术检测遗传物质的结构或表达变化时，需要人工对采集样本进行大量且复杂的处理，常见的提取方式有氯仿-异戊醇法、吸附柱法和热裂解法；一般使用较多的为氯仿-异戊醇法处理样本，因为采用氯仿-异戊醇法处理样本，对核酸破坏少，对遗传物质的结构和变化监测更加完整，检测结果更加准确；When detecting the structure or expression changes of genetic material through molecular diagnostic technology, it is necessary to manually perform a large amount of complex processing on the collected samples. Common extraction methods include chloroform-isoamyl alcohol method, adsorption column method and thermal lysis method. The chloroform-isoamyl alcohol method is generally used more often to process samples, because the chloroform-isoamyl alcohol method is used to process samples, which causes less damage to nucleic acids, monitors the structure and changes of genetic material more completely, and has more accurate test results.
但氯仿-异戊醇法操作过程中伴随着大量的人工操作，容易破坏样本的无菌环境，不仅影响核酸的提取，还会导致测量误差较大；However, the chloroform-isoamyl alcohol method is accompanied by a lot of manual operations during operation, which can easily destroy the sterile environment of the sample, not only affecting the extraction of nucleic acids, but also leading to large measurement errors;
因此，本发明公开一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置及其使用方法。Therefore, the present invention discloses a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device and a method of using the same.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为实现上述技术目的，达到上述技术效果，本发明是通过以下技术方案实现：In order to achieve the above technical objectives and the above technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:
一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置，包括：壳体；A novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device comprises: a housing;
所述壳体四角设置直杆连接底座，壳体中部开设圆孔安装限位盘，壳体上部可拆卸连接盖体，底座上设置套筒，套筒内可拆卸连接电推杆；所述盖体上部对称开设通孔，一侧通孔外周转动连接密封盖，另一侧通孔外周可拆卸连接加液机构；The four corners of the shell are provided with straight rods connected to the base, the middle of the shell is provided with a round hole to install a limit plate, the upper part of the shell is detachably connected to the cover body, a sleeve is provided on the base, and the sleeve is detachably connected to the electric push rod; the upper part of the cover body is symmetrically provided with through holes, the outer periphery of the through holes on one side is rotatably connected to the sealing cover, and the outer periphery of the through holes on the other side is detachably connected to the liquid adding mechanism;
所述限位盘上阵列开设N个通孔安置储液管；The limiting plate is provided with N through holes in an array for accommodating the liquid storage tubes;
所述储液管下部外壁设置齿轮活动连接电机，储液管内部下端设置电磁阀，储液管下端转动连接连接柱，储液管端设置感应开关；所述连接柱下端设置球头连接振荡盘，通过电机工作带动储液管转动；The outer wall of the lower part of the liquid storage tube is provided with a gear movably connected to the motor, the lower end of the liquid storage tube is provided with a solenoid valve, the lower end of the liquid storage tube is rotatably connected to the connecting column, and the end of the liquid storage tube is provided with an induction switch; the lower end of the connecting column is provided with a ball head connected to the oscillating disk, and the liquid storage tube is driven to rotate by the operation of the motor;
所述震荡盘为截面圆筒，截面上开设滑槽滑动连接球头，震荡盘内壁设置齿轮活动连接电机，通过电机带动震荡盘转动带动储液管在滑槽内的往复上下运动；The oscillating plate is a cylindrical cross section, a slide groove is provided on the cross section to slide and connect the ball head, a gear is provided on the inner wall of the oscillating plate to movably connect the motor, and the motor drives the oscillating plate to rotate and drives the liquid storage tube to reciprocate up and down in the slide groove;
所述电推杆上部设置电机；A motor is arranged on the upper part of the electric push rod;
优选的，所述壳体内部中空，上端可拆卸连接盖体，盖体的开闭方便壳体内部的储液管的更换以及壳体内部环境密封的保持；Preferably, the shell is hollow inside, and the upper end is detachably connected to a cover body, and the opening and closing of the cover body facilitates the replacement of the liquid storage tube inside the shell and the maintenance of the environmental sealing inside the shell;
所述壳体的高度范围为10-15cm；The height of the housing is in the range of 10-15 cm;
所述壳体中部开设通孔可拆卸连接限位盘；所述壳体与限位盘之间无相对转动；A through hole is provided in the middle of the shell to detachably connect the limiting plate; there is no relative rotation between the shell and the limiting plate;
所述壳体四角设置直杆连接底座，底座中部设置套筒；所述套筒内部中空，套筒下部可拆卸连接电推杆，套筒上端可拆卸连接振荡盘，电推杆上端连接电机；The four corners of the housing are provided with straight rods connected to the base, and a sleeve is provided in the middle of the base; the interior of the sleeve is hollow, the lower part of the sleeve is detachably connected to the electric push rod, the upper end of the sleeve is detachably connected to the oscillating disk, and the upper end of the electric push rod is connected to the motor;
所述电机输出轴上设置齿轮；A gear is arranged on the output shaft of the motor;
通过电推杆的伸缩，控制电机在振荡盘和储液管之间的切换；The motor is controlled to switch between the oscillating plate and the liquid storage tube by extending and retracting the electric push rod;
优选的，所述加液机构包括加液筒；所述加液筒下端阵列设置N根导管，导管末端连接注液管；所述注液管上端活动连接活塞；N个所述注液管下部延伸出带压力阀的导管，N根带压力阀的导管末端连通到加液导管上，加液导管下端穿过盖体伸入壳体内部；通过向加液筒加入液体，液体在重力作用下均匀的分流到N根注液管内部，推动活塞，在压力作用下打开压力阀将液体单个注液管内的液体加注到壳体内的储液管中；Preferably, the liquid adding mechanism comprises a liquid adding cylinder; N conduits are arranged in an array at the lower end of the liquid adding cylinder, and the ends of the conduits are connected to the liquid injection tubes; the upper ends of the liquid injection tubes are movably connected to the pistons; conduits with pressure valves extend from the lower parts of the N liquid injection tubes, and the ends of the N conduits with pressure valves are connected to the liquid adding conduits, and the lower ends of the liquid adding conduits pass through the cover body and extend into the shell; by adding liquid to the liquid adding cylinder, the liquid is evenly diverted to the inside of the N liquid injection tubes under the action of gravity, and the piston is pushed to open the pressure valve under the action of pressure to add the liquid in the single liquid injection tube into the liquid storage tube in the shell;
所述加液机构最下端的导管与盖体一侧的通孔密封连接；The conduit at the bottom end of the liquid adding mechanism is sealedly connected to the through hole on one side of the cover body;
优选的，所述储液管为透明材质，储液管下部外壁设置齿轮，储液管下部内壁设置电磁阀；所述储液管下端转动连接连接柱，并通过连接柱连接振荡盘；Preferably, the liquid storage tube is made of a transparent material, a gear is arranged on the outer wall of the lower part of the liquid storage tube, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the inner wall of the lower part of the liquid storage tube; the lower end of the liquid storage tube is rotatably connected to the connecting column, and is connected to the oscillating plate through the connecting column;
所述储液管下部外壁设置齿轮的高度为震荡盘的截面高度差的1-1.3倍，即保证位于震荡盘滑槽最低点的储液管上的上部齿轮与位于震荡盘滑槽最高点的储液管上的下部齿轮，位于同一高度；The height of the gear arranged on the lower outer wall of the liquid storage tube is 1-1.3 times the height difference of the cross section of the oscillating plate, that is, to ensure that the upper gear on the liquid storage tube at the lowest point of the oscillating plate chute and the lower gear on the liquid storage tube at the highest point of the oscillating plate chute are at the same height;
所述电磁阀为内部自带电源的常闭电磁阀，电磁阀上设置导管；The solenoid valve is a normally closed solenoid valve with its own internal power supply, and a conduit is arranged on the solenoid valve;
优选的，所述振荡盘为截面圆筒，截面的倾斜角度范围30～45°；截面的上下高度差范围为壳体高度的1/2-4/5；Preferably, the oscillating plate is a cross-section cylinder, the inclination angle of the cross section ranges from 30 to 45°; the height difference between the upper and lower parts of the cross section ranges from 1/2 to 4/5 of the height of the shell;
所述震荡盘的截面上开设滑槽，滑槽与截面倾斜角度相同，滑槽内滑动连接球头；A slide groove is provided on the cross section of the oscillating plate, the slide groove has the same inclination angle as the cross section, and a ball head is slidably connected in the slide groove;
一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置的使用方法，包括：A method for using a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device, comprising:
S1：加注样本：手动拨动储液管，使N个储液管交替对准密封盖，旋开密封盖，手动向储液管内加注样本；S1: Filling samples: Manually move the liquid storage tubes to align N liquid storage tubes with the sealing caps alternately, unscrew the sealing caps, and manually fill the samples into the liquid storage tubes;
S2：加注裂解液：将裂解液加注到加液筒内，手动拨动储液管，使N个储液管交替对准加液机构，并交替按动N个注液管上的活塞，将均分的裂解液加注到储液管中，并对储液管内部液体进行震荡处理，震荡完毕后离心处理；S2: Adding lysis solution: Add the lysis solution into the liquid adding cylinder, manually move the liquid storage tube, make N liquid storage tubes alternately align with the liquid adding mechanism, and alternately press the pistons on the N injection tubes to add the equally divided lysis solution into the liquid storage tubes, and shake the liquid inside the liquid storage tubes, and centrifuge after shaking;
S3：排出废液：启动电磁阀，电磁阀控制储液管内部液体自下而上排放，观察排放情况，排出底部废液后关闭电磁阀，保留上清液；S3: Discharge waste liquid: Start the solenoid valve, which controls the liquid in the liquid storage tube to be discharged from bottom to top. Observe the discharge situation. After the waste liquid at the bottom is discharged, close the solenoid valve and retain the supernatant liquid.
S4：加注缓冲剂：将缓冲剂加注到加液筒内，手动拨动储液管，使N个储液管交替对准加液机构，并交替按动N个注液管上的活塞，将均分的缓冲剂加注到储液管中，阻碍上清液pH变化，并对储液管内部上清液进行震荡处理；S4: Adding buffer: Add the buffer into the liquid adding cylinder, manually move the liquid storage tube, align the N liquid storage tubes with the liquid adding mechanism alternately, and press the pistons on the N injection tubes alternately to add the evenly divided buffer into the liquid storage tubes, hinder the pH change of the supernatant, and shake the supernatant inside the liquid storage tubes;
S5：加注沉淀剂：将沉淀剂加注到加液筒内，手动拨动储液管，使N个储液管交替对准加液机构，并交替按动N个注液管上的活塞，将均分的沉淀剂加注到储液管中，并对储液管内部液体进行缓慢振荡处理；S5: Adding precipitant: Add the precipitant into the liquid adding cylinder, manually move the liquid storage tube, make N liquid storage tubes alternately align with the liquid adding mechanism, and alternately press the pistons on the N injection tubes to add the equally divided precipitant into the liquid storage tubes, and slowly oscillate the liquid inside the liquid storage tubes;
S6：取样检测：手动拨动储液管，使N个储液管交替对准密封盖，旋开密封盖，利用滴管手动对储液管内部的样本抽样检验。S6: Sampling inspection: Manually move the liquid storage tubes so that N liquid storage tubes are alternately aligned with the sealing caps, unscrew the sealing caps, and use a dropper to manually sample and inspect the samples inside the liquid storage tubes.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明的新型分子诊断样本处理装置，包括：壳体、加液机构、电推杆、电机、储液管、振荡盘；The novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device of the present invention comprises: a housing, a liquid adding mechanism, an electric push rod, a motor, a liquid storage tube, and an oscillating plate;
需要进行震荡处理时：控制电推杆伸缩带动电机上的齿轮与震荡盘啮合，控制电机工作，带动震荡盘高速转动，震荡盘转动，推动球头在具有一定高度差的滑槽内滑动，实现储液管的上下运动，达到高效震荡的目的；When oscillation is required: control the electric push rod to extend and retract to drive the gear on the motor to mesh with the oscillation disk, control the motor to work, drive the oscillation disk to rotate at high speed, and the oscillation disk rotates to push the ball head to slide in the slide groove with a certain height difference, so as to realize the up and down movement of the liquid storage tube and achieve the purpose of efficient oscillation;
需要进行离心处理时：控制电推杆伸缩带动电机上的齿轮与储液管上的齿轮啮合，控制电机工作，带动储液管高速原地转动，对储液管内部的液体进行离心处理；When centrifugal treatment is required: control the electric push rod to extend and retract to drive the gear on the motor to mesh with the gear on the liquid storage tube, control the motor to work, drive the liquid storage tube to rotate in situ at high speed, and centrifuge the liquid inside the liquid storage tube;
在透明的储液管下部设置电磁阀，通过控制电磁阀工作，控制储液管内部液体得到加注，并通过肉眼观察排出量；A solenoid valve is arranged at the bottom of the transparent liquid storage tube. By controlling the operation of the solenoid valve, the liquid inside the liquid storage tube is controlled to be filled, and the discharge amount can be observed by naked eyes.
设置加液机构；通过向加液筒加入液体，液体在重力作用下均匀的分流到N根注液管内部，推动活塞，在压力作用下打开压力阀将液体单个注液管内的液体加注到壳体内的储液管中；A liquid adding mechanism is provided; by adding liquid into the liquid adding cylinder, the liquid is evenly distributed to the inside of N liquid injection tubes under the action of gravity, and the piston is pushed, and the pressure valve is opened under the action of pressure to add the liquid in the single liquid injection tube into the liquid storage tube in the shell;
并且加液机构最下端的导管与盖体一侧的通孔密封连接，盖体另一侧的通孔则通过密封盖密封，壳体下部则通过限位盘和限位盘上的储液管密封，保证了样本处理的无菌空间；The conduit at the bottom of the liquid adding mechanism is sealed with the through hole on one side of the cover body, the through hole on the other side of the cover body is sealed by a sealing cover, and the lower part of the shell is sealed by a limiting plate and a liquid storage tube on the limiting plate, thereby ensuring a sterile space for sample processing;
综上，在本发明中，设置壳体、加液机构、电推杆、电机、储液管、震荡盘，可在无菌条件下，快速的对样本进行药液均匀加注和样本振荡、离心、分离处理，极大的减少了手动操作，降低了样本被感染的可能性，解决现有技术中，氯仿-异戊醇法操作过程中伴随着大量的人工操作，容易破坏样本的无菌环境，不仅影响核酸的提取，还会导致测量误差较大的问题。In summary, in the present invention, a shell, a liquid adding mechanism, an electric push rod, a motor, a liquid storage tube, and an oscillation plate are provided, and the sample can be quickly and evenly filled with liquid medicine and the sample can be oscillated, centrifuged, and separated under sterile conditions, which greatly reduces manual operations and reduces the possibility of sample infection. The problem in the prior art that the chloroform-isoamyl alcohol method is accompanied by a large amount of manual operations during operation, which easily destroys the sterile environment of the sample, not only affects the extraction of nucleic acid, but also causes large measurement errors.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图做简单地介绍。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiment are briefly introduced below.
图1为一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置整体结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device;
图2为一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置的剖视的结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device;
图3为一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置振荡盘与电机和储液管连接的结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device in which an oscillating plate is connected to a motor and a liquid storage tube;
图4为一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置的储液管的结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid storage tube of a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device;
图5为一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置的储液管的剖视结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid storage tube of a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device;
图6为一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置的加液机构的结构示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid adding mechanism of a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device;
图7为一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置的限位盘的结构示意图；FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a limiting disk of a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device;
图8为一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置的振荡盘的结构示意图；FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oscillating disk of a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device;
图9为一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置的振荡盘的剖视结构示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an oscillating disk of a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device.
附图中，各标号所代表的部件名称为：In the accompanying drawings, the names of the components represented by the reference numbers are:
1-壳体、101-盖体、102-套筒、2-加液筒、201-导管、2011-压力阀、202-注液管、2021-活塞、203-加液导管、3-密封盖、4-限位盘、5-储液管、501-齿轮、502--连接柱、5021-球头、503-感应开关、6-振荡盘、601-滑槽、701-电机、702-电推杆。1-shell, 101-cover, 102-sleeve, 2-liquid adding cylinder, 201-catheter, 2011-pressure valve, 202-liquid injection tube, 2021-piston, 203-liquid adding catheter, 3-sealing cover, 4-limiting plate, 5-liquid storage tube, 501-gear, 502-connecting column, 5021-ball head, 503-induction switch, 6-oscillation plate, 601-slide, 701-motor, 702-electric push rod.
具体实施方法Specific implementation methods
本发明公开了一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置，包括：壳体1；The present invention discloses a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device, comprising: a housing 1;
所述壳体1四角设置直杆连接底座，壳体1中部开设圆孔安装限位盘4，壳体1上部可拆卸连接盖体101，底座上设置套筒102，套筒102内可拆卸连接电推杆702；所述盖体101上部对称开设通孔，一侧通孔外周转动连接密封盖3，另一侧通孔外周可拆卸连接加液机构；The four corners of the housing 1 are provided with straight rods to connect to the base, a circular hole is provided in the middle of the housing 1 to install the limit plate 4, the upper part of the housing 1 is detachably connected to the cover body 101, a sleeve 102 is provided on the base, and the electric push rod 702 is detachably connected inside the sleeve 102; through holes are symmetrically provided on the upper part of the cover body 101, the outer periphery of the through holes on one side is rotatably connected to the sealing cover 3, and the outer periphery of the through holes on the other side is detachably connected to the liquid adding mechanism;
所述限位盘4上阵列开设N个通孔安置储液管5；The limiting plate 4 is provided with N through holes in an array to accommodate the liquid storage tube 5;
所述储液管5下部外壁设置齿轮501活动连接电机701，储液管5内部下端设置电磁阀，储液管5下端转动连接连接柱502，储液管5端设置感应开关503；所述连接柱502下端设置球头5021连接振荡盘6，通过电机701工作带动储液管5转动；The outer wall of the lower part of the liquid storage tube 5 is provided with a gear 501 movably connected to the motor 701, a solenoid valve is provided at the lower end of the liquid storage tube 5, the lower end of the liquid storage tube 5 is rotatably connected to the connecting column 502, and an induction switch 503 is provided at the end of the liquid storage tube 5; a ball head 5021 is provided at the lower end of the connecting column 502 to connect to the oscillating plate 6, and the liquid storage tube 5 is driven to rotate by the operation of the motor 701;
所述震荡盘6为截面圆筒，截面上开设滑槽601滑动连接球头5021，震荡盘6内壁设置齿轮501活动连接电机701，通过电机701带动震荡盘6转动带动储液管5在滑槽601内的往复上下运动；The oscillating plate 6 is a cylindrical cross section, and a slide groove 601 is provided on the cross section to slidably connect the ball head 5021. A gear 501 is provided on the inner wall of the oscillating plate 6 to be movably connected to the motor 701. The motor 701 drives the oscillating plate 6 to rotate and drives the liquid storage tube 5 to reciprocate up and down in the slide groove 601.
所述电推杆702上部设置电机701。A motor 701 is disposed on the upper portion of the electric push rod 702 .
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将结合附图对实施例对本发明进行详细说明。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
如图2所示为一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置的剖视结构示意图，在本发明中，设置壳体1；FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device. In the present invention, a housing 1 is provided;
所述壳体1四角设置直杆连接底座，壳体1中部开设圆孔安装限位盘4，壳体1上部可拆卸连接盖体101，底座上设置套筒102，套筒102内可拆卸连接电推杆702；所述盖体101上部对称开设通孔，一侧通孔外周转动连接密封盖3，另一侧通孔外周可拆卸连接加液机构；所述限位盘4上阵列开设N个通孔安置储液管5；所述储液管5下部外壁设置齿轮501活动连接电机701，储液管5内部下端设置电磁阀，储液管5下端转动连接连接柱502，储液管5端设置感应开关503；所述连接柱502下端设置球头5021连接振荡盘6，通过电机701工作带动储液管5转动；所述震荡盘6为截面圆筒，截面上开设滑槽601滑动连接球头5021，震荡盘6内壁设置齿轮501活动连接电机701，通过电机701带动震荡盘6转动带动储液管5在滑槽601内的往复上下运动；所述电推杆702上部设置电机701；The shell 1 is provided with straight rods at the four corners to connect the base, a circular hole is provided in the middle of the shell 1 to install the limit plate 4, the upper part of the shell 1 is detachably connected to the cover body 101, a sleeve 102 is provided on the base, and the sleeve 102 is detachably connected to the electric push rod 702; the upper part of the cover body 101 is symmetrically provided with through holes, the outer periphery of the through holes on one side is rotatably connected to the sealing cover 3, and the outer periphery of the through holes on the other side is detachably connected to the liquid adding mechanism; N through holes are provided in an array on the limit plate 4 to accommodate the liquid storage tube 5; a gear 501 is provided on the lower outer wall of the liquid storage tube 5 to be movably connected to the motor 701, and an electromagnetic is provided at the lower end of the liquid storage tube 5 The valve, the lower end of the liquid storage tube 5 is rotatably connected to the connecting column 502, and the end of the liquid storage tube 5 is provided with an induction switch 503; the lower end of the connecting column 502 is provided with a ball head 5021 connected to the oscillating disk 6, and the liquid storage tube 5 is driven to rotate by the operation of the motor 701; the oscillating disk 6 is a cross-section cylinder, and a slide groove 601 is provided on the cross section to slide and connect the ball head 5021, and a gear 501 is provided on the inner wall of the oscillating disk 6 to be movably connected to the motor 701, and the oscillating disk 6 is driven to rotate by the motor 701 to drive the liquid storage tube 5 to reciprocate up and down in the slide groove 601; the upper part of the electric push rod 702 is provided with a motor 701;
在本实施例中，所述壳体1内部中空，上端可拆卸连接盖体101，盖体101的开闭方便壳体1内部的储液管5的更换以及壳体1内部环境密封的保持；In this embodiment, the shell 1 is hollow inside, and the upper end is detachably connected to the cover 101. The opening and closing of the cover 101 facilitates the replacement of the liquid storage tube 5 inside the shell 1 and the maintenance of the internal environment of the shell 1.
所述壳体1的高度范围为10-15cm；The height of the housing 1 is in the range of 10-15 cm;
所述壳体1中部开设通孔可拆卸连接限位盘4；所述壳体1与限位盘4之间无相对转动；The housing 1 has a through hole in the middle thereof to be detachably connected to the limiting plate 4; there is no relative rotation between the housing 1 and the limiting plate 4;
所述壳体1四角设置直杆连接底座，底座中部设置套筒102；所述套筒102内部中空，套筒102下部可拆卸连接电推杆702，套筒102上端可拆卸连接振荡盘6，电推杆702上端连接电机701；The four corners of the housing 1 are provided with straight rods connected to the base, and a sleeve 102 is provided in the middle of the base; the sleeve 102 is hollow inside, the lower part of the sleeve 102 is detachably connected to the electric push rod 702, the upper end of the sleeve 102 is detachably connected to the oscillating disk 6, and the upper end of the electric push rod 702 is connected to the motor 701;
所述电机701输出轴上设置齿轮501；The gear 501 is arranged on the output shaft of the motor 701;
通过电推杆702的伸缩，控制电机701在振荡盘6和储液管5之间的切换；The motor 701 is controlled to switch between the oscillating disk 6 and the liquid storage tube 5 by extending and retracting the electric push rod 702;
在本实施例中，所述加液机构包括加液筒2；所述加液筒2下端阵列设置N根导管201，导管201末端连接注液管202；所述注液管202上端活动连接活塞2021；N个所述注液管202下部延伸出带压力阀2011的导管201，N根带压力阀2011的导管201末端连通到加液导管203上，加液导管203下端穿过盖体101伸入壳体1内部；通过向加液筒2加入液体，液体在重力作用下均匀的分流到N根注液管202内部，推动活塞2021，在压力作用下打开压力阀2011将液体单个注液管202内的液体加注到壳体1内的储液管5中；In the present embodiment, the liquid adding mechanism comprises a liquid adding cylinder 2; N conduits 201 are arranged in an array at the lower end of the liquid adding cylinder 2, and the ends of the conduits 201 are connected to the liquid injection tube 202; the upper ends of the liquid injection tube 202 are movably connected to the piston 2021; the lower parts of the N liquid injection tubes 202 extend conduits 201 with pressure valves 2011, and the ends of the N conduits 201 with pressure valves 2011 are connected to the liquid adding conduit 203, and the lower end of the liquid adding conduit 203 passes through the cover body 101 and extends into the interior of the shell 1; by adding liquid to the liquid adding cylinder 2, the liquid is evenly diverted to the interior of the N liquid injection tubes 202 under the action of gravity, pushing the piston 2021, and opening the pressure valve 2011 under the action of pressure to add the liquid in the single liquid injection tube 202 to the liquid storage tube 5 in the shell 1;
所述加液机构最下端的导管201与盖体101一侧的通孔密封连接；The conduit 201 at the bottom of the liquid adding mechanism is sealedly connected to the through hole on one side of the cover body 101;
在本实施例中，所述储液管5为透明材质，储液管5下部外壁设置齿轮501，储液管5下部内壁设置电磁阀；所述储液管5下端转动连接连接柱502，并通过连接柱502连接振荡盘6；In this embodiment, the liquid storage tube 5 is made of transparent material, a gear 501 is provided on the lower outer wall of the liquid storage tube 5, and a solenoid valve is provided on the lower inner wall of the liquid storage tube 5; the lower end of the liquid storage tube 5 is rotatably connected to the connecting column 502, and is connected to the oscillating plate 6 through the connecting column 502;
所述储液管5下部外壁设置齿轮501的高度为震荡盘6的截面高度差的1-1.3倍，即保证位于震荡盘6滑槽601最低点的储液管5上的上部齿轮501与位于震荡盘6滑槽601最高点的储液管5上的下部齿轮501，位于同一高度；The height of the gear 501 arranged on the lower outer wall of the liquid storage tube 5 is 1-1.3 times of the height difference of the cross section of the oscillating plate 6, that is, to ensure that the upper gear 501 on the liquid storage tube 5 located at the lowest point of the chute 601 of the oscillating plate 6 and the lower gear 501 on the liquid storage tube 5 located at the highest point of the chute 601 of the oscillating plate 6 are at the same height;
所述电磁阀为内部自带电源的常闭电磁阀，电磁阀上设置导管201；The solenoid valve is a normally closed solenoid valve with its own internal power supply, and a conduit 201 is provided on the solenoid valve;
在本实施例中，所述振荡盘6为截面圆筒，截面的倾斜角度范围30～45°；截面的上下高度差范围为壳体1高度的1/2-4/5；In this embodiment, the oscillating plate 6 is a cross-section cylinder, and the inclination angle of the cross section ranges from 30 to 45 degrees; the height difference between the upper and lower parts of the cross section ranges from 1/2 to 4/5 of the height of the housing 1;
所述震荡盘6的截面上开设滑槽601，滑槽601与截面倾斜角度相同，滑槽601内滑动连接球头5021；A slide groove 601 is provided on the cross section of the oscillating plate 6. The slide groove 601 has the same inclination angle as the cross section. The ball head 5021 is slidably connected in the slide groove 601.
在本实施例中，需要进行震荡处理时：控制电推杆702伸缩带动电机701上的齿轮501与震荡盘6啮合，控制电机701工作，带动震荡盘6高速转动，震荡盘6转动，推动球头5021在具有一定高度差的滑槽601内滑动，实现储液管5的上下运动，达到高效震荡的目的；In this embodiment, when the oscillation treatment is required: the electric push rod 702 is controlled to extend and retract to drive the gear 501 on the motor 701 to mesh with the oscillation disk 6, and the motor 701 is controlled to work, driving the oscillation disk 6 to rotate at a high speed, and the oscillation disk 6 rotates to push the ball head 5021 to slide in the slide groove 601 with a certain height difference, so as to realize the up and down movement of the liquid storage tube 5, and achieve the purpose of efficient oscillation;
需要进行离心处理时：控制电推杆702伸缩带动电机701上的齿轮501与储液管5上的齿轮501啮合，控制电机701工作，带动储液管5高速原地转动，对储液管5内部的液体进行离心处理；When centrifugal treatment is required: the electric push rod 702 is controlled to extend and retract to drive the gear 501 on the motor 701 to mesh with the gear 501 on the liquid storage tube 5, and the motor 701 is controlled to work, driving the liquid storage tube 5 to rotate in situ at high speed, and the liquid inside the liquid storage tube 5 is centrifuged;
在透明的储液管5下部设置电磁阀，通过控制电磁阀工作，控制储液管5内部液体得到加注，并通过肉眼观察排出量；A solenoid valve is provided at the bottom of the transparent liquid storage tube 5. By controlling the operation of the solenoid valve, the liquid inside the liquid storage tube 5 is controlled to be filled, and the discharge amount is observed by naked eyes;
设置加液机构；通过向加液筒2加入液体，液体在重力作用下均匀的分流到N根注液管202内部，推动活塞2021，在压力作用下打开压力阀2011将液体单个注液管202内的液体加注到壳体1内的储液管5中；A liquid adding mechanism is provided; by adding liquid to the liquid adding cylinder 2, the liquid is evenly diverted to the inside of the N liquid injection tubes 202 under the action of gravity, pushing the piston 2021, and opening the pressure valve 2011 under the action of pressure to add the liquid in the single liquid injection tube 202 to the liquid storage tube 5 in the housing 1;
并且加液机构最下端的导管201与盖体101一侧的通孔密封连接，盖体101另一侧的通孔则通过密封盖3密封，壳体1下部则通过限位盘4和限位盘4上的储液管5密封，保证了样本处理的无菌空间；The conduit 201 at the bottom of the liquid adding mechanism is sealed and connected to the through hole on one side of the cover 101, the through hole on the other side of the cover 101 is sealed by the sealing cover 3, and the lower part of the housing 1 is sealed by the limiting plate 4 and the liquid storage tube 5 on the limiting plate 4, thereby ensuring a sterile space for sample processing;
实施例2Example 2
在本实施例中，设置一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置及其使用方法，包括：In this embodiment, a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device and a method of using the same are provided, including:
S1：加注样本：手动拨动储液管5，使N根储液管5交替对准密封盖3，旋开密封盖3，手动向储液管5内加注样本；S1: Filling the sample: manually move the liquid storage tube 5 so that the N liquid storage tubes 5 are alternately aligned with the sealing cover 3, unscrew the sealing cover 3, and manually fill the sample into the liquid storage tube 5;
S2：加注裂解液：将裂解液加注到加液筒2内，手动拨动储液管5，使N个储液管5交替对准加液机构，并交替按动N个注液管202上的活塞2021，将均分的裂解液加注到储液管5中，并对储液管5内部液体进行震荡处理，震荡完毕后离心处理；S2: Adding lysis solution: Add the lysis solution into the liquid adding cylinder 2, manually move the liquid storage tube 5, so that the N liquid storage tubes 5 are alternately aligned with the liquid adding mechanism, and alternately press the pistons 2021 on the N injection tubes 202 to add the equally divided lysis solution into the liquid storage tube 5, and shake the liquid inside the liquid storage tube 5, and centrifuge after shaking;
S3：排出废液：启动电磁阀，电磁阀控制储液管5内部液体自下而上排放，观察排放情况，排出底部废液后关闭电磁阀，保留上清液；S3: Discharge the waste liquid: Start the solenoid valve, which controls the liquid in the liquid storage tube 5 to be discharged from bottom to top, observe the discharge situation, and close the solenoid valve after the waste liquid at the bottom is discharged to retain the supernatant;
S4：加注缓冲剂：将缓冲剂加注到加液筒2内，手动拨动储液管5，使N个储液管5交替对准加液机构，并交替按动N个注液管202上的活塞2021，将均分的缓冲剂加注到储液管5中，阻碍上清液pH变化，并对储液管5内部上清液进行震荡处理；S4: Adding buffer: Add the buffer into the liquid adding cylinder 2, manually move the liquid storage tube 5, so that the N liquid storage tubes 5 are alternately aligned with the liquid adding mechanism, and alternately press the pistons 2021 on the N injection tubes 202 to add the evenly divided buffer into the liquid storage tube 5, hinder the pH change of the supernatant, and shake the supernatant in the liquid storage tube 5;
S5：加注沉淀剂：将沉淀剂加注到加液筒2内，手动拨动储液管5，使N个储液管5交替对准加液机构，并交替按动N个注液管202上的活塞2021，将均分的沉淀剂加注到储液管5中，并对储液管5内部液体进行缓慢振荡处理；S5: Adding precipitant: Add the precipitant into the liquid adding cylinder 2, manually move the liquid storage tube 5, so that the N liquid storage tubes 5 are alternately aligned with the liquid adding mechanism, and alternately press the pistons 2021 on the N injection tubes 202 to add the equally divided precipitant into the liquid storage tube 5, and slowly oscillate the liquid inside the liquid storage tube 5;
S6：取样检测：手动拨动储液管5，使N个储液管5交替对准密封盖3，旋开密封盖3，利用滴管手动对储液管5内部的样本抽样检验；S6: Sampling inspection: manually move the liquid storage tube 5 so that N liquid storage tubes 5 are alternately aligned with the sealing cover 3, unscrew the sealing cover 3, and use a dropper to manually sample and inspect the samples inside the liquid storage tube 5;
本发明的使用方法，依托产品设备的密封性和自动化，搭配使用方法，节省了操作人员强度，保证了样本处理的无菌空间，并且自动均匀添加试剂，保证了检测结果的准确性。The method of use of the present invention relies on the sealing and automation of the product equipment, and is combined with the method of use to save operator effort, ensure a sterile space for sample processing, and automatically and evenly add reagents to ensure the accuracy of the test results.
综上所述，在本发明中，公开一种新型分子诊断样本处理装置，包括：壳体1、加液机构、电推杆702、电机701、储液管5、振荡盘6；In summary, in the present invention, a novel molecular diagnostic sample processing device is disclosed, comprising: a housing 1, a liquid adding mechanism, an electric push rod 702, a motor 701, a liquid storage tube 5, and an oscillating disk 6;
需要进行震荡处理时：控制电推杆702伸缩带动电机701上的齿轮501与震荡盘6啮合，控制电机701工作，带动震荡盘6高速转动，震荡盘6转动，推动球头5021在具有一定高度差的滑槽601内滑动，实现储液管5的上下运动，达到高效震荡的目的；When the oscillation treatment is required: the electric push rod 702 is controlled to extend and retract to drive the gear 501 on the motor 701 to mesh with the oscillation disk 6, and the motor 701 is controlled to work, driving the oscillation disk 6 to rotate at a high speed. The oscillation disk 6 rotates, pushing the ball head 5021 to slide in the slide groove 601 with a certain height difference, realizing the up and down movement of the liquid storage tube 5, and achieving the purpose of efficient oscillation;
需要进行离心处理时：控制电推杆702伸缩带动电机701上的齿轮501与储液管5上的齿轮501啮合，控制电机701工作，带动储液管5高速原地转动，对储液管5内部的液体进行离心处理；When centrifugal treatment is required: the electric push rod 702 is controlled to extend and retract to drive the gear 501 on the motor 701 to mesh with the gear 501 on the liquid storage tube 5, and the motor 701 is controlled to work, driving the liquid storage tube 5 to rotate in situ at high speed, and the liquid inside the liquid storage tube 5 is centrifuged;
在透明的储液管5下部设置电磁阀，通过控制电磁阀工作，控制储液管5内部液体得到加注，并通过肉眼观察排出量；A solenoid valve is provided at the bottom of the transparent liquid storage tube 5. By controlling the operation of the solenoid valve, the liquid inside the liquid storage tube 5 is controlled to be filled, and the discharge amount is observed by naked eyes;
设置加液机构；通过向加液筒2加入液体，液体在重力作用下均匀的分流到N根注液管202内部，推动活塞2021，在压力作用下打开压力阀2011将液体单个注液管202内的液体加注到壳体1内的储液管5中；A liquid adding mechanism is provided; by adding liquid to the liquid adding cylinder 2, the liquid is evenly diverted to the inside of the N liquid injection tubes 202 under the action of gravity, pushing the piston 2021, and opening the pressure valve 2011 under the action of pressure to add the liquid in the single liquid injection tube 202 to the liquid storage tube 5 in the housing 1;
并且加液机构最下端的导管201与盖体101一侧的通孔密封连接，盖体101另一侧的通孔则通过密封盖3密封，壳体1下部则通过限位盘4和限位盘4上的储液管5密封，保证了样本处理的无菌空间；The conduit 201 at the bottom of the liquid adding mechanism is sealed and connected to the through hole on one side of the cover 101, the through hole on the other side of the cover 101 is sealed by the sealing cover 3, and the lower part of the housing 1 is sealed by the limiting plate 4 and the liquid storage tube 5 on the limiting plate 4, thereby ensuring a sterile space for sample processing;
综上，在本发明中，设置壳体1、加液机构、电推杆702、电机701、储液管5、振荡盘6，可在无菌条件下，快速的对样本进行药液均匀加注和样本震荡、离心、分离处理，极大的减少了手动操作，降低了样本被感染的可能性，解决现有技术中，氯仿-异戊醇法操作过程中伴随着大量的人工操作，容易破坏样本的无菌环境，不仅影响核酸的提取，还会导致测量误差较大的问题。In summary, in the present invention, a shell 1, a liquid adding mechanism, an electric push rod 702, a motor 701, a liquid storage tube 5, and an oscillating disk 6 are provided, and the sample can be quickly and evenly filled with liquid medicine and the sample can be oscillated, centrifuged, and separated under sterile conditions, which greatly reduces manual operations and reduces the possibility of sample infection. The problem in the prior art that the chloroform-isoamyl alcohol method is accompanied by a large amount of manual operations during operation, which easily destroys the sterile environment of the sample, not only affects the extraction of nucleic acid, but also causes large measurement errors.
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明，优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only the specific implementation methods described.
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