CN1188065C - 具有一增强清洁作用的刷毛结构的牙刷 - Google Patents
具有一增强清洁作用的刷毛结构的牙刷 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种牙刷(10)具有许多周边刷毛簇(18)和许多位于头部(12)内侧的相邻的刷毛条(20)，其刷毛条在刷牙过程中对周边刷毛簇提供支撑，从而增强周边簇的刚性和清洁能力。即一种牙刷，包括：一个在一端具有一头部和在另一端具有一手柄的狭长元件，它沿着一中央的纵轴而直线排列；所述的头部具有一表面，具有围绕着头部外部的一周边部分，并且与该周边部分相邻的还有一内侧部分；所述的周边部分具有许多从其中延伸的周边刷毛簇；所述的内侧部分具有许多从其中延伸的刷毛条，这些刷毛条具有狭长的形状，其长度至少是3.0mm，而且是围绕着牙刷的纵轴而布置并呈直线排列；其中在刷牙过程中，当周边刷毛簇偏向并接触到狭长的刷毛条时，刷毛条能对周边刷毛簇提供支撑。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及牙刷，更具体地说，涉及包含有一个位于牙刷头部中的内侧刷毛条和位于该刷毛条外侧并且围绕该牙刷头部的刷毛簇的二者结合的牙刷；其中在刷牙过程中，当该刷毛簇偏向刷毛条时，该刷毛条对刷毛簇提供支撑，同时增强了牙齿和牙龈线的清洁。
背景技术
牙刷的主要目的在于从牙齿表面除去斑点和碎片，它们既沿着牙齿间的外表面，又在牙齿之间的邻间区内。如在对Volpenhein的美国专利5,511,275中所公开的那样，牙刷的刷毛簇必须具有足够的刚性以产生足够的力来除去斑点和碎片，特别是在邻间区内。由Volpenhein氏所定义的刚性不仅涉及刷毛的刚性特性，而且还涉及刷毛是如何排列成簇即一种支撑效应。
对Moskovich的美国专利5,628,082中公开了一种由基本上圆柱形的传统刷毛簇与基本上具有矩形截面的扩大的刷毛簇所排列成的狭长几何形状的刷毛条的结合物。在Moskovich氏公开的特殊刷毛条具有矩形的或U-形的足迹，并且同相对于牙刷头的纵轴横向对齐的刷毛簇相结合的。在最有利的实施例中，刷毛条比刷毛簇略短，以便使刷毛簇能与牙齿邻间空间相配合并与刷毛条相配合来把碎片从牙齿表面挤出。另外，Moskovich还公开向外转个角度的位于牙刷头的周边周围的“齿龈线”簇。Moskovich并未公开与基本上定向成平行于牙刷的纵轴的刷毛条相结合的这种齿龈线刷毛簇使用。
在技术上仍有需要对刷毛簇的新的结合和排列，提供改进的刚性以增强斑点和碎片的去除，特别是在邻间空间内。
发明内容
根据本发明，提供了一种牙刷，它包括一个在一端具有一手柄和在另一端具有一牙刷头的狭长的元件。头部设有许多刷毛簇位于头部的周围(“周边刷毛簇”)和位于周边刷毛簇旁边的刷毛条，它在刷牙过程中对周边刷毛簇向刷毛条侧偏移时提供支撑。这种支撑能增强周边刷毛簇的刚性，从而有利于加强其总的清洁功能，特别是穿透和清洁邻间区的能力。
即本发明得出一种牙刷，包括：一个在一端具有一头部和在另一端具有一手柄的狭长元件，它一般沿着一中央的纵轴而直线排列；所述的头部具有一表面，具有围绕着头部外部的一周边部分，并且与周边部分相邻的还有一内侧部分；所述的周边部分具有许多从其中延伸的周边刷毛簇；所述的内侧部分具有许多从其中延伸的刷毛条，这些刷毛条一般具有至少3.0mm长度的狭长的形状，而且一般是围绕着牙刷的纵轴而布置并大致呈直线排列；其中在刷牙过程中，当周边刷毛簇偏向并接触到狭长的刷毛条时，刷毛条能对周边刷毛簇提供支撑。
在本发明的另一实施例中，在牙刷头内部中央靠近周边刷毛簇的刷毛条以内还设置了增加的刷毛条或刷毛簇。这种额外的位于中央的刷毛条或刷毛簇提供了增大的刷毛区，并加强了这些现在在周边刷毛簇旁边的中间刷毛条的刚性，这两种效果都有利于牙刷总的清洁功能。
附图描述
虽然本说明书以特别指出和清楚地提出本发明权利要求的权利要求书而告终，但相信从以下对几个特别有利的实施例，结合附图所作的说明能更好地了解本发明。在附图中对同样的元件采用相同的代号来表示。
图1是本发明的牙刷的第一实施例的透视图，其中刷毛条一般是制成平行六面体的形式。
图2是本发明的牙刷的第二实施例的透视图，其中刷毛条整体具有弯曲的足迹。
图3是本发明的牙刷的第三实施例的透视图，其中刷毛条一般具有椭圆形的足迹。
图4是图1所示牙刷的第四和替换实施例的透视图，其中设有一额外的位于牙刷头中央的刷毛条。
图5是图1所示牙刷的第五和替换实施例的透视图，其中设有一额外的位于牙刷头中央的刷毛簇。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图1，本发明的牙刷10包括一狭长元件的主体，其一端具有一头部12，在另一端有一手柄14。手柄14可以制成传统的形状，它并不构成本发明的内容。头部12具有一扁平的刷毛安装表面或面16，从那里伸展出许多刷毛，该许多刷毛具有附着在表面16上的邻近端部，从头部12向外延伸的远的端部。如从图1可见，有两种刷毛组，第一种是位于头部12周围的刷毛簇18。这些周边的刷毛簇18般在截面上是对称的，也就是圆的，方的；或者，如果为椭圆的或矩形的，截面中的较大的尺寸要比较小的尺寸约大1.3倍。这些周边刷毛簇具有约为1.0mm～2.0mm的一截面直径或较大的截面尺寸。更为有利的是从1.4mm～1.9mm，最好是从1.5mm～1.7mm。所示的第二种刷毛组是刷毛条20，它一般是制成狭长的形状，并位于靠近周边的刷毛簇18和周边刷毛簇18的头部12以内。刷毛条20具有一至少2.5mm的截面长度，更为有利的是至少3.0mm，而最好是至少4mm。
如在图1和2所示，本发明的刷毛条20可制成各种几何形状，它可以是基本上成平行六面体，或具有与牙刷头12的曲率一致的弯曲的足迹，或是它们的结合。周边刷毛簇18从表面16延伸的高度可高于刷毛条20或任何其他在牙刷上的刷毛簇。周边刷毛簇18的具有这种比头部12内任何其他刷毛簇高的高度将能使它穿透入齿间的邻间区来增强其中的清洁作用，而不受其他较短的刷毛簇的干扰。周边刷毛簇从牙刷的表面16延伸的高度以从9.0mm～13.0mm为宜，更为有利的是高度从10mm到12mm，最好是从11mm～12mm。另外，刷毛条20的高度至少应为周边刷毛簇18的高度的50％～85％，以便对周边刷毛簇18提供所需的支撑。
如前所述，对Volpenhein的美国专利5,511,275中公开了：除刷毛的刚性特性以外，刷毛在簇中包装得越紧，则越能互相提供更多的支撑来加强它们的总的刚性和清洁能力。Volpenhein还公开了作为衡量此效果的一个支撑因数，它定义为由刷毛所占的截面积除以在簇底部的总截面积，也就是从0～1。支撑因数越高，则刷毛的刚性和清洁能力越大。虽然Volpenhein公开了具有支撑因数从0.8～0.96的牙刷，但在本发明中的刷毛簇18和刷毛条20令人惊奇地仅需一约从0.6～0.75的支撑因数。更为有利的是本发明的刷毛簇18和刷毛条20的支撑因数是约从0.65～0.7，而最好是约为0.68。此支撑因数的范围还进一步有利于密切符合杜邦聚合物(Du Pont Polymers’)刊物中所推荐的从0.63～0.74的具有最佳刷毛磨损性能的包装因数范围，它类似地被定义为长丝截面积除以簇孔开口。参看DE 19898 Wilmington市的<杜邦聚合物>刊号Z-1737。
如在图1，2和3中所示，刷毛条20一般可具有矩形的、弯曲的或椭圆的足迹。刷毛条20的形状并非具有决定性，只要刷毛条具有足够的尺寸在刷牙过程中对相邻的周边簇提供支撑即可。考虑到牙刷在口内从前到后和上下同时的刷牙运动，刷毛条20应具有这样的长度和离周边簇18有这样的一个间隔，使当相邻的周边刷毛簇从与刷毛条20垂直的位置以20°以内的任何角度偏向特别的刷毛条20时，能对周边刷毛簇18提供支撑。更为有利的是在偏移为40°以下，最好是偏移为50°以下或更多。
在图1中以尺寸“a”所示的刷毛条的宽度应至少为1.0mm，最好是至少1.5mm。另外，每一周边刷毛簇18与支撑的刷毛条20之间的最狭的横向间隔必须不大于1.5mm，更为有利的是不大于1.0mm，而最好是不大于0.7mm。
再参看图1和2，可以发现在每一图中，在刷毛簇18之间设有一个横向开口，并通过刷毛条20而向头部12的中心延伸。此开口是位于头部12的上中部。此开口可通过提供一个清洗通道把水冲到头部12内来加强使用者清洗牙刷上在刷牙时所积聚的牙膏和碎片的能力。也可以如图3所示那样，提供额外的开口来进一步加强清洗的舒适度。
本发明的第二实施例如图4所示包括一个头部12，从它的表面16延伸出与上述实施例同样的周边刷毛簇18和在其内部相邻的刷毛条20，但是除了这些刷毛簇18和刷毛条20以外，还有一组额外的刷毛条22位于头部的中央(“中央刷毛条”)。这些在图4中表示成楔子状的中央刷毛条不仅提供额外的清洁用的刷毛区，而且还加强对现在位于头部中间的刷毛条20的支撑来增强牙刷10的总的刚性和清洁能力。这种中央刷毛条22可以具有除楔子状以外的截面，例如椭圆形，卵形或矩形。
除了中央刷毛条22是由许多与个别的周边刷毛簇18相类似的中央刷毛簇24来取代以外，本发明的第三个可替换实施例与上面所公开的第二实施例类似。任何一个这种中央刷毛簇24在牙刷表面16上延伸的高度可以等于或小于现在位于头部内部的中间的刷毛条20的高度。
在本发明中有用的牙刷刷毛是典型的具有圆截面的如尼龙612的尼龙或聚酯的单丝。所推荐的尼龙612可从DE州19898 Wilmington市的杜邦公司聚合物分部以商标Tynex购得。这种从牙刷表面16延伸的单丝刷毛的远端最好具有倒圆的端部，这样与未经过倒圆的刷毛的尖端相比能减少对软的或硬的口腔组织的任何损伤的危险。
牙刷体可由各种柔软可弹回的材料，例如聚酰胺(即尼龙)；聚酯或共聚酯；丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)；酸变性作用的聚对苯二甲酸-环己二甲酯(PCTA)；或聚丙烯，模塑而制成。最好是用聚丙烯，或如果需要“透明”的外观时，则用聚酯。一种用ASTM的D790测试法测得一挠曲模数为216,000磅/平方英寸的合适的聚丙烯可从德克萨斯州75603 Longview市的Huntsman公司以牌号为P4G3Z-039的Huntsman聚丙烯购得。另一种合适的聚丙烯由乔治亚州30202-3914Alpharetta市的Amoco聚合物公司以牌号7635销售，它的挠曲模数约为275,000磅/平方英寸。这样的具有216,000-275,000磅/平方英寸的材料的牙刷把手将提供增强的刚度以允许使用者更好地控制和操作刷牙期间牙刷的位置。
用作“透明”外观的牙刷体的透明聚酯包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯或一种共聚酯，例如酸变性的聚对苯二甲酸-环己二甲酯(PCTA)或苯乙烯丙烯腈(SAN)，丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA，俗称有机玻璃)，或是一种纤维素塑料，例如醋酸丙酯纤维素(CAP)。
牙刷体可用传统的注射模塑工艺来模制，该工艺在技术上已为人所熟知，例如根据本发明，牙刷体可采用一步法进行注射模塑。
牙刷的刷毛可以在牙刷头12和手柄的连接之前或之后，利用美国专利4,635,313，4,637,660，4,954,305，5,045,267，5,609,890，5,390,984，5,533,791和5,823,633中公开的非短纤维工艺来植入在牙刷头12内。这种非短纤维工艺包括多个工序，即通过把刷毛簇18和刷毛条20和牙刷头12加热，然后经过一熔化过程把刷毛簇18和刷毛条20熔化在牙刷头12内。另一种办法，刷毛簇18或刷毛条20的端部可在牙刷材料注入以前预先定位在注射模子内。然后在另一非短纤维工艺中把牙刷材料注射在刷毛簇18或刷毛条20端部的周围把它们锁定在牙刷头12内。
Claims (8)
1.一种牙刷，包括：一个在一端具有一头部和在另一端具有一手柄的狭长元件，它沿着一中央的纵轴而直线排列；
所述的头部具有一表面，具有围绕着头部外部的一周边部分，并且与该周边部分相邻的还有一内侧部分；
所述的周边部分具有许多从其中延伸的周边刷毛簇；
所述的内侧部分具有许多从其中延伸的刷毛条，这些刷毛条具有至少3.0mm长度的狭长的形状，而且这些刷毛条是围绕着牙刷的纵轴而布置并呈直线排列；其中在刷牙过程中，
当周边刷毛簇偏向并接触到狭长的刷毛条时，刷毛条能对周边刷毛簇提供支撑。
2.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷，其中周边刷毛簇和刷毛条的支撑因数为0.6～0.75。
3.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷，其中周边刷毛簇在截面上是对称的，并且具有在截面上的较大直径为1.0mm～2.0mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷，其中周边刷毛簇在表面上延伸的高度为9mm～13mm。
5.根据权利要求4所述的牙刷，其中刷毛条在表面上延伸的高度至少为周边刷毛簇的高度的50％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷，其中刷毛条的宽度至少为1.0mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷，其中中间刷毛条的长度和在刷毛条与相邻的周边刷毛簇之间的间隔是这样安排的，即当周边刷毛簇以偏离牙刷表面的垂直线20°以下的任何角度而偏向刷毛条时，刷毛条对周边刷毛簇提供支撑。
8.根据权利要求1-7之一所述的牙刷，其中在所述头部的一个由所述许多刷毛条围绕的中央区中设置有至少一个中央刷毛条或刷毛簇，从而在刷牙过程中，当许多刷毛条偏向并接触到该至少一个中央刷毛条或刷毛簇时，该至少一个中央刷毛条或刷毛簇也能对所述许多刷毛条提供支撑。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/415,385 US6276021B1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 1999-10-08 | Toothbrush having a bristle pattern providing enhanced cleaning |
| US09/415,385 | 1999-10-08 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1407865A CN1407865A (zh) | 2003-04-02 |
| CN1188065C true CN1188065C (zh) | 2005-02-09 |
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| CNB008167451A Expired - Fee Related CN1188065C (zh) | 1999-10-08 | 2000-10-06 | 具有一增强清洁作用的刷毛结构的牙刷 |
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| EP (1) | EP1217917B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2003511129A (zh) |
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| CN (1) | CN1188065C (zh) |
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- 2000-10-06 CZ CZ20021217A patent/CZ20021217A3/cs unknown
- 2000-10-06 SK SK471-2002A patent/SK4712002A3/sk unknown
- 2000-10-06 RU RU2002112235/12A patent/RU2261035C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-10-06 HU HU0203127A patent/HUP0203127A2/hu unknown
- 2000-10-06 IL IL14901200A patent/IL149012A0/xx unknown
- 2000-10-06 EP EP00970673A patent/EP1217917B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-01 EC EC2000003801A patent/ECSP003801A/es unknown
-
2002
- 2002-04-05 ZA ZA200202700A patent/ZA200202700B/xx unknown
- 2002-04-05 NO NO20021621A patent/NO20021621L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-25 BG BG106650A patent/BG106650A/xx unknown
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2003
- 2003-01-03 HK HK03100109.5A patent/HK1047874B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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