CN1186575C - Deep utilization of heat energy in exhaust gas and method of using its aqueous vapour as natural resources - Google Patents

Deep utilization of heat energy in exhaust gas and method of using its aqueous vapour as natural resources Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1186575C
CN1186575C CNB021395349A CN02139534A CN1186575C CN 1186575 C CN1186575 C CN 1186575C CN B021395349 A CNB021395349 A CN B021395349A CN 02139534 A CN02139534 A CN 02139534A CN 1186575 C CN1186575 C CN 1186575C
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China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
heat
flue
heat exchanger
temperature
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CNB021395349A
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CN1414321A (en
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车得福
郑东宏
庄正宁
刘卫东
方胜
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

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Abstract

The present invention discloses deep utilization of heat energy in smoke gas and a method for changing water vapour thereof into resources. The smoke gas with high moisture from a boiler is divided into two parts, wherein a part of smoke gas causes the smoke gas temperature to be reduced below the dew point temperature of the water vapour by a heat exchanger, the heat with low quality discharged by the smoke gas is absorbed by a cooling medium, and the deep utilization of the heat energy in the smoke gas is realized; meanwhile, the water vapour in the smoke gas can be coagulated, recovered by a liquid collecting poll and processed by a water processing pool, so condensation water can be converted into resource water which can be used for industries, extractive industries and living. The other part of smoke gas is not used for recovering the heat energy in the smoke gas and is mixed and heated with the front part of smoke gas with lower temperature after heat exchange by a by-pass smoke passage of a flow valve, and the smoke gas can flow in a chimney smoothly. The method has the advantages of clear smoke discharge, chimney corrosion prevention and large deep utilization of the heat energy; furthermore, the water vapour in the smoke gas can be changed into the resources.

Description

A kind of heat energy degree of depth of flue gas is utilized and the method for steam resource wherein
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the heat energy utilization field, relate to the method for heat energy utilization, relate in particular to and to realize that the flue gas heat energy degree of depth utilizes and a kind of method of steam resource wherein.
Two, background technology
At present, the general boiler of Shi Yonging, its fuel (comprises coal, oil and gas) the burning back produces the flue gas exhaust gas temperature all than higher, have very considerable a part of heat energy (especially when flue gas contains the steam of the high share of high enthalpy) by smoke stack emission in atmosphere, cause the significant wastage of heat energy, and it is unclean to discharge fume, it is bigger to contain the shared share of steam in the high-moisture flue gas, it is a kind of very considerable potential water resource, but in the normal conventional boiler, steam does not get utilization, but chance is cold along under the wall flow in chimney, causes the corrosion and the fouling of chimney.
According to the data-searching that the applicant carried out, related to the present invention or close data has following several pieces:
1) number of patent application is in 99222731.3 the utility model patent " boiler afterheat recovering device ", though fume afterheat has obtained utilization, when containing the high-moisture flue gas and flow through this waste-heat recovery device, because of the reduction of flue-gas temperature produces a large amount of condensate water.If condensate water is not in time discharged from flue, will cause a large amount of ponding in the chimney, seriously corroded, and flue gas 100% pass through this waste-heat recovery device after, flue-gas temperature is very low, is unfavorable for flue gas mobile in chimney.
2) U.S. Patent number is in 4998508 the patent " Condensing type boilers ", although flue gas heat energy utilization degree height, but exist the recovery problem of condensate water in the flue gas too, and the boiler of this pattern is whole boiler, structure is comparatively complicated, the boiler that is not suitable under big capacity, high pressure parameter uses, and the scope of application is limited.
Three, summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned conventional boiler deficiency aspect the steam resource in utilization of the heat energy degree of depth and flue gas, teach in " condenser boiler and system thereof " (China Machine Press according to the Che Defu of Xi'an Communications University, 2002) chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4 and in the chapter 7 optimization of boiler export cigarette temperature is chosen, the degree of depth utilization of flue gas heat energy, the analyzing in detail that the processing of condensate water and resource aspect thereof are done, the present invention is from environmental protection, set out in heat energy utilization and recycling of water resource three aspects, the heat energy degree of depth that has proposed a kind of flue gas is utilized and the method for steam resource wherein, adopt this method, can accomplish that smoke evacuation is clean, the heat energy utilization degree of depth is big and make steam resource in the flue gas, make the steam portion in the flue gas that enters chimney low, prevented the corrosion and the fouling of chimney.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the heat energy degree of depth of flue gas is utilized and the method for steam resource wherein, carries out according to the following steps:
1) will be divided into two parts from the flue gas that contains high-moisture that boiler comes out;
The ratio of described two-part flue gas can be distributed according to the flow behavior of flue gas in chimney behind degree of depth utilization of flue gas heat energy and the heat energy utilization, that is:
β＝ΔQ/Q (1)
In the formula (1), β-the account for share ratio of whole flue gases 2 through the flue gas of heat exchanger condensing heat-exchange;
Condensing heat-exchange amount in the Δ Q-heat exchanger, kW;
The heat that Q-is emitted when whole flue gases 2 of boiler export are dropped to heat exchanger exit cigarette temperature
Amount, kW;
In order to make the flue gas that enters chimney that good flowability be arranged, the mixed temperature t of two parts flue gas that is calculated as follows is met the following conditions:
t＝(G 1J 1+G 2J 2)/(G 1+G 2)＝φt s (2)
Wherein, G 1=(1-β) G;
G 2＝β(G-G′)；
In the formula (2), the mixed temperature of t-two parts flue gas, ℃;
The mass flow of whole flue gases 2 of G-boiler export, kg/s;
G '-whole flue gases 2 of boiler export the are dropped to condensate water of heat exchanger exit cigarette temperature time institute condensation
Amount, kg/s;
J 1The flue-gas temperature of-boiler export place flue gas 2, ℃;
J 2The exit flue-gas temperature of-heat exchanger, ℃;
t s-two parts flue gas mixes its saturation temperature under the shared partial pressure of steam in the flue gas of back, ℃;
2 2
φ-the correction factor relevant with the flow of flue gas characteristic;
Wherein, the scope of choosing of φ is between 1.1～2.5, and the scope of choosing of β is between 0.65～0.95;
2) part of smoke drops to below the steam dew-point temperature flue-gas temperature through heat exchanger, the low-quality heat that flue gas is emitted is absorbed by the refrigerant medium, realize the degree of depth utilization of flue gas heat energy, steam in the flue gas is condensed reclaim and handle, make condensate water become the water of the resource that can utilize for industrial and agricultural production and life through water treating pond through collecting tank;
3) another part flue gas is not used in the recovery of flue gas heat energy, but this partial fume is sent into the bypass flue at flow valve place, mix and heating before the lower flue gas of temperature after a part of heat exchange, be beneficial to flue gas and in chimney, flow.
Some other characteristics of the present invention are that described heat exchanger adopts the dividing wall type heat exchanger or the direct-contact heat exchanger of resistant material.
The inventive method can be brought useful social benefit and economic benefit, mainly is the boiler exhaust gas cleaning, prevents the chimney corrosion, and heat energy obtains degree of depth utilization, and realizes the recycling of steam in the flue gas.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the another kind of schematic diagram of the inventive method.
Five, the specific embodiment
For a more clear understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail for the specific embodiment that provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and inventor.
In Fig. 1, outlet flue gas, 3 expression flow valves, 4 expression flow distribution baffle, 5 ' expression dividing wall type heat exchangers, 6 expression collecting tanks, the 7 expression water treating ponds of cigarette temperature are optimized in 1 expression boiler, 2 expressions.Flow valve 3 and flow distribution baffle 4 are fixed on the walling of flue, dividing wall type heat exchanger 5 ' horizontally disposed in flue, flue gas and refrigerant are counter-flow arrangement, and its below connects collecting tank 6 and water treating pond 7 successively, are equipped with in the water treating pond 7 to make condensate water neutralization and softening water treatment system.
The outlet flue gas 2 of boiler 1 is divided into two parts: the dividing wall type heat exchanger 5 that a part prepares through resistant material ' flue-gas temperature is dropped to below the dew-point temperature of steam in the flue gas, make condensate water reclaim and handle simultaneously, make condensate water become the water of the resource that can utilize for industrial and agricultural production and life through water treating pond 7 through collecting tank 6; Another part flue gas is sent into chimney after the part of smoke before the bypass duct Hybrid Heating at flow valve 3 places.
In Fig. 2,5 " represent that direct-contact heat exchanger, 8 expressions are placed on dividing wall type heat exchanger, 9 expression water pipes, the 10 expression water pumps in the collecting tank 6.Flow valve 3 and flow distribution baffle 4 are fixed on the walling of flue, direct-contact heat exchanger 5, and " be arranged in the flue, cooling water becomes counter-flow arrangement with flue gas.Flue gas is from direct-contact heat exchanger 5 " the below send into, through with the cooling water direct contact heat-exchanging after from direct-contact heat exchanger 5 " the top send into chimney; Cooling water enters direct-contact heat exchanger 5 through water pump 10 by water pipe 9 " and flue gas heat exchange, enter after the heat exchange in the collecting tank 6.The dividing wall type heat exchanger 8 that is placed in the collecting tank 6 changes away the flue gas heat energy that the cooling water recovery obtains, and realizes the degree of depth utilization of flue gas heat energy.Condensing of steam can make the water in the collecting tank 6 more and more in the flue gas, can enter water treating pond 7 by the overfall of collecting tank 6 tops, becomes the water of the resource that can utilize for industrial and agricultural production and life after treatment.
Boiler export cigarette temperature is low more can to reduce heat loss due to exhaust gas more, help improving boiler efficiency, but crossing low exhaust gas temperature can condense part steam in the flue gas to cause boiler corrosion serious in boiler body, and the heat transfer temperature and pressure of flue gas in the heat exchanger and working medium are reduced, heat transfer area increases, therefore, the temperature of boiler 1 outlet flue gas 2 is the temperature of carrying out optimal design on the designing requirement basis of heat exchanger taking into full account.
If flue gas is all carried out condensing heat-exchange by heat exchanger, though flue gas heat energy is well utilized, but steam is in saturation state from the flue gas that heat exchanger is gone out, in chimney, be unfavorable for flowing, in order to make flue gas that good flow behavior be arranged in chimney, must make the steam in the flue gas in chimney, be in superheat state, therefore, flue gas can be divided into two parts, with the condensed flue gas of uncooled part of smoke heating another part, thereby make the steam in the flue gas when entering chimney, be in superheat state.The ratio of two-part flue gas can be distributed according to the flow behavior of flue gas in chimney behind degree of depth utilization of flue gas heat energy and the heat energy utilization, that is:
β＝ΔQ/Q (1)
In the formula (1), β-the account for share ratio of whole flue gases 2 through the flue gas of heat exchanger condensing heat-exchange;
Δ Q-heat exchanger 5 " interior condensing heat-exchange amount, kW;
Q-drops to heat exchanger exit cigarette temperature time institute liberated heat with whole flue gases 2 of boiler export,
kW；
In order to make the flue gas that enters chimney that good flowability be arranged, the mixed temperature t of two parts flue gas that is calculated as follows is met the following conditions:
t＝(G 1J 1+G 2J 2)/(G 1+G 2)＝φt s (2)
Wherein, G 1=(1-β) G;
G 2＝β(G-G′)；
In the formula (2), the mixed temperature of t-two parts flue gas, ℃;
The mass flow of the whole flue gases 2 of G-boiler export, kg/s;
G '-whole flue gases 2 of boiler export the are dropped to condensate water of heat exchanger exit cigarette temperature time institute condensation
Amount, kg/s;
J 1The flue-gas temperature of-boiler export place flue gas 2, ℃;
J 2The exit flue-gas temperature of-heat exchanger, ℃;
t s-two parts flue gas mixes its saturation temperature under the shared partial pressure of steam in the flue gas of back, ℃;
φ-the correction factor relevant with the flow of flue gas characteristic;
Wherein, the scope of choosing of φ is between 1.1～2.5, and the scope of choosing of β is between 0.65～0.95.
Most of steam in the flue gas condenses in heat exchanger, has prevented the corrosion and the fouling of chimney.Heat exchanger is the dividing wall type heat exchanger or the direct-contact heat exchanger of resistant material, when this heat exchanger of maintenance, can make flue gas all by the bypass channel at flow valve 3 places, can not influence the normal operation of boiler.Condensate water can be used as industrial and agricultural production and domestic water after water treating pond 7 is realized neutralizing, softened, in arid area short of rain, also can be used as and irrigate or people and animals' water, realizes the steam recycling in the flue gas.

Claims (2)

1. the utilization of the heat energy degree of depth of a flue gas and the wherein method of steam resource is characterized in that, carry out according to the following steps:
1) will be divided into two parts from the flue gas that contains high-moisture (2) that come out boiler (1);
The ratio of described two-part flue gas can be distributed according to the flow behavior of flue gas in chimney behind degree of depth utilization of flue gas heat energy and the heat energy utilization, that is:
β＝ΔQ/Q (1)
In the formula (1), β-the account for share ratio of whole flue gases (2) through the flue gas of heat exchanger condensing heat-exchange;
Condensing heat-exchange amount in the Δ Q-heat exchanger, kW;
Q-drops to heat exchanger exit cigarette temperature time institute liberated heat, kW with whole flue gases (2) of boiler export;
In order to make the flue gas that enters chimney that good flowability be arranged, the mixed temperature t of two parts flue gas that is calculated as follows is met the following conditions:
t＝(G 1J 1+G 2J 2)/(G 1+G 2)＝φt s (2)
Wherein, G 1=(1-β) G;
G 2＝β(G-G′)；
In the formula (2), the mixed temperature of t-two parts flue gas, ℃;
The mass flow of whole flue gases (2) of G-boiler export, kg/s;
G '-whole flue gases (2) of boiler export are dropped to the condensing capacity of heat exchanger exit cigarette temperature time institute condensation, kg/s;
J 1The flue-gas temperature of-boiler export place flue gas (2), ℃;
J 2The exit flue-gas temperature of-heat exchanger, ℃;
t s-two parts flue gas mixes its saturation temperature under the shared partial pressure of steam in the flue gas of back, ℃;
φ-the correction factor relevant with the flow of flue gas characteristic;
Wherein, the scope of choosing of φ is between 1.1～2.5, and the scope of choosing of β is between 0.65～0.95;
2) part of smoke drops to below the steam dew-point temperature flue-gas temperature through heat exchanger, and the low-quality heat that flue gas is emitted is absorbed by the refrigerant medium, and the steam in the flue gas is condensed through collecting tank (6) recovery also
Handle through water treating pond (7), make condensate water become the water of the resource that can utilize for industrial and agricultural production and life;
3) another part flue gas is not used in the recovery of flue gas heat energy, but this partial fume is sent into the bypass flue at flow valve (3) place, mix and heating before the lower flue gas of temperature after a part of heat exchange, be beneficial to flue gas and in chimney, flow.
2. the utilization of the heat energy degree of depth of flue gas according to claim 1 and the wherein method of steam resource is characterized in that described heat exchanger adopts the dividing wall type heat exchanger or the direct-contact heat exchanger of resistant material.
CNB021395349A 2002-11-19 2002-11-19 Deep utilization of heat energy in exhaust gas and method of using its aqueous vapour as natural resources Expired - Fee Related CN1186575C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN101696794B (en) * 2009-11-03 2011-01-19 上海交通大学 Smoke waste heat recovery system of power station boiler and method thereof
SE542257C2 (en) * 2016-09-26 2020-03-24 Clean Bio Heat Sverige Ab Flue gas treatment system and method
CN107013901A (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-08-04 湖南泰通电力科技有限公司 A kind of condensed-water recovering device and method based on waste heat boiler low-temperature flue gas
CN111853793A (en) * 2020-07-27 2020-10-30 姚敦卫 Treatment process of household garbage

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