CN1185072C

CN1185072C - Pulsating type weld wire feeding mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN1185072C
Application number: CNB001223143A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙子建
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-07-29
Filing date: 2000-07-29
Publication date: 2005-01-19
Anticipated expiration: 2020-07-29
Also published as: AU2002223386A1; WO2002020207A1; CN1336263A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pulsation weld-wire feeding mechanism. Pulsation wire feeding in electrical arc welding has more advantages than common usual constant-velocity wire feeding, but the existing pulsation wire feeding mechanisms have obvious defects. A plane clamp head capable of reliably clamping welding wires is used by the present invention for replacing the existing clamp heads with three steel balls, and elastic components, such as a spring sheet supporting seat, wire cables, etc., are used for replacing the existing driving mechanisms with full rigid bodies and full bearings, and as a result, the size, the weight and the cost of the mechanisms are substantially reduced, and the service life is prolonged; soft wires such as aluminum wires can be fed without any damage to surfaces.

Description

Pulsating type weld wire feeding mechanism

Technical field

The invention belongs to welding equipment.Be mainly used in carbon dioxide and argon shield consumable electrode semi-automatic arc weld, also can be used as the silk filling device of non consumable arc welding electrode.

Background technology

All need in the above-mentioned various welding method to carry welding wire to electric arc.Past is used constant-speed wire-feeding always, and the beginning of the eighties, people began to carry welding wire in the mode of pulsation.In pulsed wire feeding, the motion of welding wire is to send one to stop.This wire feeding mode reduces wire-feeder resistance, can increase the wire feed distance, also makes droplet transfer process regularization, has brought many technologic benefits, therefore is subjected to people's great attention.

Key issue in the pulsed wire feeding technology is the mechanism that produces pulsating motion.Chinese patent ZL93240635 has implemented this requirement with simple " crank rocker " mechanism and three steel ball chucks, and has obtained applying in industrial production.Show that but put into practice use experience all there is certain shortcoming in this patent at chuck or driving mechanism itself, need to improve.

At first about chuck: be the point-like contact during owing to the steel ball clamping welding wire in the three steel ball chucks, therefore when wire-feeder resistance is big, can cause darker load mould at welding wire surface.Sending some softer materials to, during as aluminium wire or flux-cored wire, this problem is particularly serious.Cross dark load mould even welding wire is deformed at all and can't chew the degree that continues to send to by flexible pipe and conduction.Secondly, the steel ball of some contact also than being easier to wearing and tearing, especially has the iron filings copper end of falling down from welding wire surface when near the steel ball, and steel ball blocks, and can not rotate freely, and during always with a fixing some clamping welding wire, it is the most serious to wear and tear.Increase chuck quantity, respectively used two, can reduce the active force on the single steel ball, but will mechanism size weight be increased, so effect is limited as active and retaining in the above-mentioned patent.

In order to solve steel ball as the caused the problems referred to above of holder, German patent DE 3610575 proposes to replace three steel balls with three angled-lift splitses.The contact-making surface of slide block and welding wire can not cause dark load mould at welding wire surface much larger than steel ball, and wearing and tearing also so greatly reduce.But use experience shows that this slide block is the clamping welding wire reliably, and welding wire often skids.In order to prevent to skid, must with face that welding wire contacts on engrave sharp-pointed tooth.But so, can cause serious damage to welding wire surface again, so this chuck can't be accepted employing by production.

About driving mechanism itself: owing to be placed on the reciprocating motion that chuck on the connecting rod is just done near linear in simple " crank rocker " mechanism, welding wire is sent to forward in fact on the one hand, is bent repeatedly up and down again on the one hand.This bending as flux-cored wire, is unallowable for some welding wire that is easy to damage.In order to reduce this bending, must make the off-centre of the length of connecting rod and rocking bar much larger than crank.The size and the weight of connecting rod and rocking bar all can't be reduced.Mechanism itself especially when the high speed wire feed, can produce serious vibration.Calculate provablely, this moment, the stress that acts on mechanism's each several part mainly was the caused inertia force of weight because of its each several part itself, and wire-feeder resistance itself is anti-rather than main in this mechanism.

In addition, the employed a plurality of bearing group as the hinge through joint of mechanism require to have very high machining accuracy and degree of being parallel to each other, and make its processing cost be difficult to reduce, and have also influenced this device and have extensively promoted on market.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of like this pulsed wire feeding mechanism, it should:

1. welding wire is difficult for bending, sends to linear fashion basically.

2. can send soft silk, particularly aluminium wire and flux-cored wire do not damage its surface.

3. chuck has very high wearability, can work stably in a long term.

4. mechanism is light and handy, even also do not produce serious vibration when running up.

5. simple in structure, requirement on machining accuracy is low, and cost is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a chuck outline drawing of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the cut-away view after chuck shown in Figure 1 removes upper cover plate 5.

Fig. 3 is slide block 2 structure charts in the chuck shown in Figure 2.

Fig. 4 is the another kind of structure chart of plane chuck.

Fig. 5 is another structure chart of plane chuck.

Fig. 6 is the back view of chuck shown in Figure 5.

Fig. 7 is a fundamental diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is structure enforcement figure of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the be hit by a bullet fundamental diagram of reed supporting seat of structure shown in Figure 8.

Figure 10 is another enforcement structure chart of connecting rod in the structure shown in Figure 8.

Figure 11 is another structure chart of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 is a chuck outline drawing of the present invention, and chuck is a plane.Fig. 2 is the internal structure of removing behind the upper cover plate 5.Fig. 3 is the structure of slide block 2.Can see that from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 welding wire 1 is entered by chuck one end, the other end is gone out.Welding wire 1 is clamped in the middle of the groove of two wedge blocks 2.The opposite side of slide block 2 can be slided on the inclined-plane of saddle 4 by several rollers or ball 3 rests.Saddle 4 and upper cover plate 5 and lower cover 6 and guide pad 7 are welded together, form a housing.There is through hole 8 to get on the housing so that chuck is fixed to body.Slide block 2 is narrower at guide pad 7 places, other end opening part broad.9 one on spring hangs on the housing, in the aperture 10 that is passed on the upper cover plate insertion slide block 2.Spring shrinks slide block 2 is moved backward, is pressed on the saddle 4, forms a wedge.Because the effect of wedge, welding wire can pass through to opening part smoothly from guide pad, then is stuck in the other direction.For guaranteeing that two slide blocks all move abreast in any case, inlayed a small lugs 11 on the slider surface, another piece slide block corresponding position has a groove that slide block is hooked mutually.Two ends on the inclined-plane of slide block seat piece 4 have little catch 12 to stretch out, in order to keep the position of roller or ball 3.

Studies show that, welding wire is sent to reliably, key is to guarantee that slide block blocks welding wire in the other direction reliably when welding wire attempt retreats, do not allow by.Accomplish that this point must make slide block at this moment also can be drawn back together in tow by welding wire.Like this because the pintle hook lock effect of wedge, act on the pressure on the welding wire and the frictional force that produced can be increasing, thereby prevented to produce relative motion between welding wire and slide block the possibility of promptly skidding.For slide block can be drawn back in tow together by welding wire, must make frictional force between welding wire and slide block greater than the frictional force of 4 of slide block and saddles.Otherwise slide block will be let alone welding wire and be slided backward, and has not had the effect of wedge pintle hook lock.Because above-mentioned two kinds of frictional force are subjected to the influence of all unsettled accidentalia, are easy to rise one after another, so sending to of welding wire is also very unstable.With above-mentioned German patent DE 3610575 be representative engrave the measure of pointed tooth at slide block contact welding wire face, its purpose is to increase frictional force herein, make it can be under any circumstance can both surpass frictional force between slide block and saddle, thereby guarantee slide block to be drawn back together in tow and do not produce and skid performance wedge effect by welding wire.But so not only can damage welding wire surface, and pointed tooth also can blunt, between cog also can be stopped up by dirty foul, so its effect neither be reliable fully.The key of chuck of the present invention is to add rolling member (roller or ball) between slide block and saddle, makes it form rolling friction, and is sliding friction forever between welding wire and slide block.Rolling friction is significantly less than sliding friction forever, so that slide block will never stop when retreating in welding wire attempt is motionless, has guaranteed the generation of wedge effect, has prevented to skid.The used chuck of the present invention adopts pattern and two slide blocks on plane with other chuck is different in the past, also is the layout most convenient because of rolling member in this mode.The surface that experiment showed, slide block in this case can be polished to very smooth degree on the contrary fully without any need for tooth, also is not afraid of the greasy dirt that welding wire surface may exist, and welding wire can both be held reliably and send to.At this moment unique what will guarantee is that slide block will have suitable wedge angle, α angle as shown in Figure 3.α should be less than arctan μ.μ is the coefficient of friction between slide block and welding wire herein.To steel wire, this coefficient is about 0.1, and aluminium wire is about 0.15.

Fig. 4 is the another kind of structure of plane chuck.Many thin spring leafs 13 are arranged in parallel, and two ends are evenly separated by fillet 14 and be fixing, have formed one the two relatively-movable spring support of end.Two such spring supports have been formed a chuck as shown in the figure.The outside of two spring supports is fixed, and its effect is equivalent to the saddle 4 among Fig. 2.Welding wire 1 is clamped in the inner side end that is equivalent to the slide block 2 among Fig. 2 of two spring supports.Thin spring leaf 13 compresses welding wire with certain pretightning force.Become a suitable oblique locking angle as shown in Figure 4 between thin spring leaf 13 and welding wire.When welding wire advances, can pass through smoothly.When the welding wire attempt retreats, can move backward together with the medial surface of spring support.Because the wedge effect, welding wire is stuck.This structure is to have replaced rolling member 3 with many parallel thin spring leafs 13 supports with earlier figures 2 differences, makes chuck structure simpler.

In more above-mentioned chucks, increase greatly than steel ball,,, also can not cause any indentation on its surface even send the softest fine aluminium silk so contact pressure reduces greatly with the welding wire contact-making surface.Slide block itself is also more wear-resistant, can work stably in a long term.Under any circumstance all only need a drive dog to get final product (the retaining chuck also only needs one), help reducing the weight and the size of complete machine like this.

Fig. 5 is another structure of plane chuck.Fig. 6 is the back side of Fig. 5.Welding wire 1 is by roller 15 clampings of two troughs of belt.Porose in the middle of the roller, be enclosed within on the axle of base plate 16.Axle on the boring ratio base plate 16 of roller is big, and roller can moved perpendicular to the welding wire direction.Base plate 16 is along sliding on the track of chuck housing 17.Spring 18 1 ends hang on the base plate 16, and an end hook is lived housing 17, on saddle 19 inclined-planes that roller 15 are pressed on be fixed on the housing 17 by base plate 16, form the wedge effect.Because the roller and the welding wire of trough of belt have bigger contact-making surface, so similarly played the effect that reduces welding wire pressure.

Fig. 7 is a fundamental diagram of the present invention.The eccentric mechanism OA that is driven by motor rotates around the O point, by connecting rod AB, drives rocking bar BC and swings.This is cover identical with above-mentioned Chinese patent ZL93240635 " crank rocker " mechanism.The swing of rocking bar BC by connecting rod DE, drives another rocking bar EF and swings.CDEF is cover " double rocking lever " mechanism, and wherein rocking bar DBC is shared with " crank rocker " OABC of mechanism.Drive dog 20 is contained on the connecting rod DE, and retaining chuck 21 is fixed on the support.Swinging of connecting rod DE swings drive dog 20, drives welding wire pulsation ground and advances.

Such cover reaches " double rocking lever " by " crank rocker " and merges the composite structure that forms, and can be described as " crank double rocking lever " mechanism.This cover be contained in mechanism drive dog on the connecting rod DE motion have only some small dipping and heavings, but still keep level all the time, so just eliminated the bending of welding wire.

But this cover mechanism is if all adopts the mode that is similar to such rigid bar of Chinese patent ZL93240635 and bearing rotary joint to implement, and its dimensional weight cost etc. all will be higher than ZL93240635 so, and this obviously is unacceptable in the production.

Fig. 8 is structure enforcement figure of the present invention.Drive dog 20 is fixed on the spring leaf supporting seat 22CDEF end face among the figure.Spring leaf supporting seat 22 is stacked by many thin spring leafs and forms, and separates fixing at two ends with thin fillet 23 between each sheet.Spring leaf supporting seat B place, 22 top and steel wire rope 24 link.The other end of steel wire rope then is linked on the eccentric A point of the crank OA that is driven by motor.

Spring leaf supporting seat 22CDEF has very big rigidity in all directions, only is only and can be out of shape in the direction perpendicular to spring leaf.Can move to D ' E ' at external force f effect lower support seat top plane DE as shown in Figure 9 locates.D ' E ' still keeps level.When horizontal displacement DD ' was little, DE and D ' E ' displacement in vertical direction were minimum.By above analysis as seen, in fact the operation principle of this spring leaf supporting seat is equivalent to " double rocking lever " mechanism.

Steel wire rope 24 promotes spring leaf supporting seat 22 and swings back and forth under the driving of crank off-centre, thereby drive drive dog 20 the welding wire pulsation is sent to.When welding wire advanced, resistance was bigger, at this moment the steel wire rope tension.3 to 4 millimeters of wirerope diameters are weaved into by many strands of 0.2 millimeter filaments.Tackle wire-feeder resistance, no problem.Crank up during the steel wire rope pressurized, only needs to promote chuck and slides back along welding wire, and this moment, resistance was very little, so steel wire rope also can bear.

Steel wire rope 24 is just being swung in a little angular range with spring leaf supporting seat 22 junction B points, because therefore the elasticity that steel wire rope itself is had herein as long as make rigid connection simply, do not need bearing to make hinge.And only with crank off-centre place's A point outfit bearing that links.

Figure 10 is another enforcement structure of connecting rod 24.Steel wire rope 24 overcoats close around bourdon tube 25.The two has certain clearance.Bourdon tube 25 2 ends are enclosed within on the screw thread of end cover 26.End cover 26 is fixed with steel wire rope 24 2 end solderings, becomes as a whole.A connecting rod like this can bear very big pulling force, also can bear very big pressure, and the elasticity of certain left and right directions swing is also arranged, and is suitable for using under the bigger situation of wire feed or chuck resistance.

Owing to adopted flexible member (spring leaf, steel wire rope etc.) to make member, made device become flexible " crank double rocking lever " mechanism.Except the O point is the bearing of motor own, only need be equipped with a bearing and gets final product at the eccentric A of crank place.As whole employing rigid bars, then except motor bearing O point, also need 6 bearings (ABCDEF).Even in better simply " crank rocker " system of original Chinese patent ZL93240635,, four cradle heads are arranged as a quadric chain, also need except that motor bearing O point, other joins 3 cover bearings.Reduce bearing and also eliminated the member that matches with bearing simultaneously, as the needs of all class parts such as bearing holder (housing, cover), bearing cap, mechanism is simplified greatly, size and weight reduce, reduced requirement, avoided necessity of wearing and tearing or impact and daily lubricated maintenance precision.

The model machine result who is manufactured experimently according to the present invention shows that its size and weight only are according to 1/10th of the full rigidity holoaxial bearing apparatus of former ZL93240635 manufacturing.Its cost (disregarding motor) is about 1/4th.Because mechanism's weight saving, vibration significantly reduces, and the highest frequency of device work can be brought up to 100 times 50 times from original per second, thereby the pulsation technology effect of wire feed is not fully exerted.

Figure 11 is another structure that development is come out on above-mentioned design basis.In order to improve wire feed rate, motor drive shaft O drives two eccentric mechanism OA and the OA ' that is fixed together, and A and A ' are separated by 180 °.Crank OA drives steel wire rope AB and a spring supporting seat CDEF and a top chuck thereof.Crank OA ' drives identical A ' B ' C ' D ' E ' F ' and another chuck.On scheming, can see, crank AA ' revolution once, two chucks are separated from each other and draw close once mutually.When being separated from each other, a progressive chuck hauls welding wire and marches forward.Another chuck then slides backward along welding wire, and welding wire send forward further.When drawing close mutually, two collet movement directions are also anti-comes, and what retreated originally marches forward, and advances thereby haul welding wire, and that advanced originally slides backward along welding wire now, and welding wire goes a step further forward again.Two chucks alternately drive welding wire mutually and advance like this.Motor whenever turns around, and welding wire is sent to secondary.The step pitch that welding wire is sent to is constant, and frequency was doubled when originally list is eccentric.

A kind of like this structure is used in the occasion that needs the high speed wire feed.

Claims

1. pulsating type weld wire feeding mechanism, drive dog is contained on the connecting rod of the eccentric crank mechanism of band, the retaining chuck is fixed on the support, crank and motor drive shaft link, it is characterized in that chuck is a plane, drive dog (20) is fixed on the spring leaf supporting seat (22), and spring leaf supporting seat (22) is driven by connecting rod (24); Connecting rod (24) is flexible steel wire rope, and an end and spring leaf supporting seat (22) top are fixed, and an end links with the crank of band off-centre.

2. by the said pulsating type weld wire feeding mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that welding wire by two wedge blocks (2) clamping, the opposite side of slide block can be slided along the inclined-plane of saddle (4) by several rollers or ball (3) rest; Saddle (4), upper cover plate (5), lower cover (6) and guide pad (7) are welded together, form a housing; One end hangs over spring (9) other end on the housing and passes upper cover plate and insert in the aperture (10) on the slide block, and slide block is pressed on the saddle (4) backward.

3. by the said pulsating type weld wire feeding mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that many thin spring leafs (13) are arranged in parallel, two ends are evenly separated by fillet (14) and spring base of fixing formation; Two spring bases are formed a chuck, and its lateral surface is fixed, and welding wire (1) is clamped in its medial surface.

4. by the said pulsating type weld wire feeding mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that the roller (15) of trough of belt is enclosed within on the axle of base plate (16), base plate slides along the track of housing (17), and spring (18) is pressed on roller (15) on the inclined-plane of saddle (19).

5. by the said pulsating type weld wire feeding mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that stacking and form by many thin spring leafs, separate with thin fillet (23) and fix at two ends between each sheet.

6. by the said pulsating type weld wire feeding mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that the steel wire rope overcoat close around bourdon tube (25), the two has certain clearance; Bourdon tube (25) two ends are enclosed within on the screw thread of end cover (26), and end cover (26) two ends and steel wire rope soldering are fixed.

7. by the said pulsating type weld wire feeding mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that motor drives two eccentric mechanisms that are fixed together, the off-centre of two cranks is separated by 180 °; Each eccentric mechanism drives cover identical steel wire rope (24), a spring leaf supporting seat 22 and is fixed on a chuck (20) on the supporting seat; Welding wire is alternately driven by two chucks and advances.