CN1184356C - Method of producing aluminium scandium alloy by electrolysis - Google Patents
Method of producing aluminium scandium alloy by electrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN1184356C CN1184356C CNB021537364A CN02153736A CN1184356C CN 1184356 C CN1184356 C CN 1184356C CN B021537364 A CNB021537364 A CN B021537364A CN 02153736 A CN02153736 A CN 02153736A CN 1184356 C CN1184356 C CN 1184356C
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- Prior art keywords
- scandium
- oxide
- aluminium
- electrolysis
- alloy
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- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910000695 Aluminium-scandium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Sc]O[Sc]=O HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000542 Sc alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium flouride Chemical compound F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- LUKDNTKUBVKBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum scandium Chemical compound [Al].[Sc] LUKDNTKUBVKBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910016569 AlF 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- HJGMWXTVGKLUAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);scandium(3+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sc+3].[Sc+3] HJGMWXTVGKLUAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 101100004392 Arabidopsis thaliana BHLH147 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018047 Sc2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- OEKDNFRQVZLFBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K scandium fluoride Chemical compound F[Sc](F)F OEKDNFRQVZLFBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a method for producing aluminium and scandium alloy by electrolysis, which relates to a method for producing the aluminum and scandium alloy by using aluminum and scandium oxides as raw materials. The present invention is characterized in that a molten salt electrolytic method is used for separating out aluminum and scandium electrolysis and forming alloy. The present invention has process conditions that the weight percent ingredient of a molten cryolite system of an electrolyte is controlled to 1% to 10% of alumina Al2O3 and 0.1% to 10% of the scandium oxides Sc2O3, and others are greenland spar nNaF. AlF3 and unavoidable impurities. The ratio of sodium fluoride NaF to aluminium fluoride AIF3 is from 2 to 3, electrolytic temperature is from 900 DEG C to 990 DEG C, the working voltage of an electrolytic tank is from 3.0V to 6.5V, and an electrode distance is from 2.0cm to 7.0cm. Because the present invention adopts the electrolytic method, high-purity metal scandium is not needed. Compared with the traditional method, a process flow is greatly shortened, and metal yields are high. Thereby, cost for producing the aluminum and scandium alloy can be greatly decreased, and the large scale use of the aluminum and scandium alloy becomes possible.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method of electrolysis production aluminum scandium alloy, relating to a kind of oxide compound with aluminium and scandium is raw material, adopts electrolytic process that aluminium and scandium electrolysis are simultaneously separated out the formation alloy, the method for direct production aluminum scandium alloy.
Background technology
At present, the production method of aluminum scandium alloy now adopts to melt more is joined method, is that employing high pure metal scandium is cooperated with aluminium fusion under argon shield, and this method is not easy to operate, scaling loss serious and the production process complexity of pure metal scandium, and the metal yield is low, involves great expense.Also have fluorochemical vacuum thermit reduction in addition, the used scandium fluoride of this method is that the Scium trioxide after purifying repeatedly reacts with hydrofluoric acid and makes, and long flow path and metal yield are low, the cost height, and remain in the performance that fluorochemical in the alloy also has a strong impact on alloy.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is deficiency, provide a kind of and can effectively simplify Production Flow Chart, improve the yield of expensive metal scandium, the method for the electrolysis production aluminum scandium alloy that reduces energy consumption and production costs at above-mentioned prior art.
Method of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of method of electrolysis production aluminium-scandium alloy, it is characterized in that oxide take aluminium and scandium is as raw material, adopt fused salt electrolysis process that aluminium and scandium electrolysis are separated out the formation alloy, process conditions are: the percentage by weight composition of control electrolyte molten cryolitic system is: aluminium oxide Al
2O
31%-10%; Scandium oxide Sc
2O
3: 0.1%-10%, all the other are ice crystal nNaF.AlF
3With inevitable impurity, and sodium fluoride NaF and aluminum fluoride AlF
3Ratio be 2～3; Electrolysis temperature: 900 ℃-990 ℃; Electric tank working voltage: 3.0V-6.5V; Electrode distance: 2.0cm-7.0cm;
Contain scandium oxide Sc in the raw material that adds in the continuous electrolysis process
2O
3: 0.1%-5%, surplus is aluminium oxide Al
2O
3With inevitable impurity, loss on ignition＜1% wherein, rare earth oxide summation RE
2O
3＜0.5%, iron oxide Fe
2O
3＜0.2%, silicon oxide sio
2＜0.2%, other impurity summation＜0.2%;
A kind of method of electrolysis production aluminum scandium alloy is characterized in that containing in the weight percent composition of ionogen molten cryolitic system the lithium fluoride LiF less than 25%.
A kind of method of electrolysis production aluminium-scandium alloy is characterized in that containing in the percentage by weight composition of electrolyte molten cryolitic system the calcirm-fluoride CaF less than 10%
2
A kind of method of electrolysis production aluminium-scandium alloy is characterized in that containing in the percentage by weight composition of electrolyte molten cryolitic system the magnesium fluoride MgF less than 10%
2
The weight percent chemical constitution of the aluminum scandium alloy of producing with method of the present invention is: scandium: 0.1%-3%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities, its middle-weight rare earths RE＜0.5%, iron Fe＜0.5%, silicon Si＜0.5%, other impurity summation＜0.5%.
The present invention adopts the method for electrolysis, adds the oxide of scandium in existing aluminium electrolysis process, by electrolysis aluminium and scandium is separated out jointly, obtains aluminium-scandium alloy.This method need not to use High Purity Scandium Metal, and technological process shortens greatly than conventional method, metal yield height, thereby but decrease is produced the cost of aluminium-scandium alloy, make the extensive utilization of aluminium-scandium alloy become possibility.
Embodiment
A kind of method of electrolysis production aluminium-scandium alloy, it is characterized in that oxide take aluminium and scandium is as raw material, adopt fused salt electrolysis process that aluminium and scandium electrolysis are separated out the formation alloy, process conditions are: the percentage by weight composition of control electrolyte molten cryolitic system is aluminium oxide Al
2O
31%-10%; Scandium oxide Sc
2O
3: 0.1%-10%, all the other are ice crystal nNaF.AlF
3With inevitable impurity, and sodium fluoride NaF and aluminum fluoride AlF
3Ratio be 2～3; Electrolysis temperature: 900 ℃-990 ℃; Electric tank working voltage: 3.0V-6.5V; Electrode distance: 2.0cm-7.0cm;
Contain scandium oxide Sc in the raw material that adds in the continuous electrolysis process
2O
3: 0.1%-5%, surplus is aluminium oxide Al
2O
3With inevitable impurity, loss on ignition＜1% wherein, rare earth oxide summation RE
2O
3＜0.5%, iron oxide Fe
2O
3＜0.2%, silicon oxide sio
2＜0.2%, other impurity summation＜0.2%;
The weight percent chemical constitution of the aluminum scandium alloy of producing with method of the present invention is: scandium: 0.1%-3%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities, its middle-weight rare earths RE＜0.5%, iron Fe＜0.5%, silicon Si＜0.5%, other impurity summation＜0.5%.
Embodiment 1
The percentage by weight composition of control electrolyte molten cryolitic system is calcirm-fluoride CaF
2: 2%, magnesium fluoride MgF
2: 4%, aluminium oxide Al
2O
37%, scandium oxide 3%, surplus is ice crystal; Electrolysis temperature is 950 ℃, and electric tank working voltage is 4.0V-4.5V; Electrode distance is 4.0cm; The ice crystal molecular proportion is 2.4.The percentage by weight that adds continuously the electrolysis raw material during electrolysis consists of: scandium oxide Sc2O
3: 0.5%, other is aluminium oxide Al
2O
3With inevitable impurity, loss on ignition＜1% wherein, iron oxide Fe
2O
3＜0.2%, silicon oxide sio
2＜0.2%, other impurity summation＜0.2%;
The weight percent chemical constitution of the aluminum scandium alloy of producing is: scandium 0.5%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities, iron Fe＜0.15%, silicon Si＜0.12%, other impurity trace.
Embodiment 2
The percentage by weight composition of control electrolyte molten cryolitic system is aluminium oxide Al
2O
31.5%, scandium oxide 10%, surplus is ice crystal; Electrolysis temperature is 980 ℃, and electric tank working voltage is 6.5V; Electrode distance is 6.0cm; The ice crystal molecular proportion is 3.The percentage by weight that adds continuously the electrolysis raw material during electrolysis consists of: scandium oxide Sc
2O
3: 4.5%, other is aluminium oxide Al
2O
3With inevitable impurity, loss on ignition＜1% wherein, iron oxide Fe
2O
3＜0.2%, silicon oxide sio
2＜0.2%, other impurity summation＜0.2%;
The weight percent chemical constitution of the aluminum scandium alloy of producing is: scandium 3%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities, iron Fe＜0.15%, silicon Si＜0.12%, other impurity trace.
Embodiment 3
The percentage by weight composition of control electrolyte molten cryolitic system is aluminium oxide Al
2O
39%, scandium oxide 0.5%, lithium fluoride 5%, surplus is ice crystal; Electrolysis temperature is 930 ℃, and electric tank working voltage is 3.0V; Electrode distance is 2.5cm; The ice crystal molecular proportion is 2.6.The percentage by weight that adds continuously the electrolysis raw material during electrolysis consists of: scandium oxide Sc
2O
3: 0.1%, other is aluminium oxide Al
2O
3With inevitable impurity, loss on ignition＜1% wherein, iron oxide Fe
2O
3＜0.2%, silicon oxide sio
2＜0.2%, other impurity summation＜0.2%;
The weight percent chemical constitution of the aluminum scandium alloy of producing is: scandium 0.1%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities, iron Fe＜0.15%, silicon Si＜0.12%, other impurity trace.
Embodiment 4
The percentage by weight composition of control electrolyte molten cryolitic system is aluminium oxide Al
2O
31.5%, scandium oxide 2%, lithium fluoride 22%, surplus is ice crystal; Electrolysis temperature is 900 ℃, and electric tank working voltage is 4.0V; Electrode distance is 4.0cm; The ice crystal molecular proportion is 2.1.The percentage by weight that adds continuously the electrolysis raw material during electrolysis consists of: scandium oxide Sc
2O
3: 0.5%, other is aluminium oxide Al
2O
3With inevitable impurity, loss on ignition＜1% wherein, iron oxide Fe
2O
3＜0.2%, silicon oxide sio
2＜0.2%, other impurity summation＜0.2%;
The weight percent chemical constitution of the aluminum scandium alloy of producing is: scandium 0.5%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities, iron Fe＜0.15%, silicon Si＜0.12%, other impurity trace.
Embodiment 5
The percentage by weight composition of control electrolyte molten cryolitic system is aluminium oxide Al
2O
31.5%, scandium oxide 1.5%, magnesium fluoride 10%, surplus is ice crystal; Electrolysis temperature is 960 ℃, and electric tank working voltage is 4.0V; Electrode distance is 3.5cm; The ice crystal molecular proportion is 2.6.The percentage by weight that adds continuously the electrolysis raw material during electrolysis consists of: scandium oxide Sc
2O
3: 0.5%, other is aluminium oxide Al
2O
3With inevitable impurity, loss on ignition＜1% wherein, iron oxide Fe
2O
3＜0.2%, silicon oxide sio
2＜0.2%, other impurity summation＜0.2%;
The weight percent chemical constitution of the aluminum scandium alloy of producing is: scandium 0.5%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities, iron Fe＜0.15%, silicon Si＜0.12%, other impurity trace.
Embodiment 6
The percentage by weight composition of control electrolyte molten cryolitic system is aluminium oxide Al
2O
32%, scandium oxide 1.5%, calcirm-fluoride 9%, surplus is ice crystal; Electrolysis temperature is 970 ℃, and electric tank working voltage is 4.5V; Electrode distance is 3.5cm; The ice crystal molecular proportion is 2.6.The percentage by weight that adds continuously the electrolysis raw material during electrolysis consists of: scandium oxide Sc
2O
3: 0.5%, other is aluminium oxide Al
2O
3With inevitable impurity, loss on ignition＜1% wherein, iron oxide Fe
2O
3＜0.2%, silicon oxide sio
2＜0.2%, other impurity summation＜0.2%;
The weight percent chemical constitution of the aluminum scandium alloy of producing is: scandium 0.5%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities, iron Fe＜0.15%, silicon Si＜0.12%, other impurity trace.
Embodiment 7
The percentage by weight composition of control electrolyte molten cryolitic system is aluminium oxide Al
2O
31%, scandium oxide 6%, magnesium fluoride 1%, calcirm-fluoride 2%, surplus is ice crystal; Electrolysis temperature is 950 ℃, and electric tank working voltage is 4V; Electrode distance is 3.5cm; The ice crystal molecular proportion is 2.4.The percentage by weight that adds continuously the electrolysis raw material during electrolysis consists of: scandium oxide Sc
2O
3: 2%, other is aluminium oxide Al
2O
3With inevitable impurity, loss on ignition＜1% wherein, iron oxide Fe
2O
3＜0.2%, silicon oxide sio
2＜0.2%, other impurity summation＜0.2%;
The weight percent chemical constitution of the aluminum scandium alloy of producing is: scandium 2%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities, iron Fe＜0.15%, silicon Si＜0.12%, other impurity trace.
Claims (6)
1. the method for an electrolysis production aluminium-scandium alloy, it is characterized in that oxide take aluminium and scandium is as raw material, adopt fused salt electrolysis process that aluminium and scandium electrolysis are separated out the formation alloy, process conditions are: the percentage by weight composition of control electrolyte molten cryolitic system is aluminium oxide Al
2O
31%-10%; Scandium oxide Sc
2O
3: 0.1%-10%, all the other are ice crystal nNaF.AlF
3With inevitable impurity, and sodium fluoride NaF and aluminum fluoride AlF
3Ratio be 2～3; Electrolysis temperature: 900 ℃-990 ℃; Electric tank working voltage: 3.0V-6.5V; Electrode distance: 2.0cm-7.0cm.
2. method according to claim 1 contains scandium oxide Sc in the raw material that it is characterized in that adding in the continuous electrolysis process
2O
3: 0.1%-5%, surplus is aluminium oxide Al
2O
3With inevitable impurity, loss on ignition＜1% wherein, rare earth oxide summation RE
2O
3＜0.5%, iron oxide Fe
2O
3＜0.2%, silicon oxide sio
2＜0.2%, other impurity summation＜0.2%.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that containing in the weight percent composition of ionogen molten cryolitic system the lithium fluoride LiF less than 25%.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that containing in the percentage by weight composition of electrolyte molten cryolitic system the calcirm-fluoride CaF less than 10%
2
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that containing in the percentage by weight composition of electrolyte molten cryolitic system the magnesium fluoride MgF less than 10%
2
6. method according to claim 1, the weight percent chemical constitution that it is characterized in that the aluminum scandium alloy produced is scandium: 0.1%-3%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities, its middle-weight rare earths RE＜0.5%, iron Fe＜0.5%, silicon Si＜0.5%, other impurity summation＜0.5%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021537364A CN1184356C (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2002-12-03 | Method of producing aluminium scandium alloy by electrolysis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021537364A CN1184356C (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2002-12-03 | Method of producing aluminium scandium alloy by electrolysis |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1410599A CN1410599A (en) | 2003-04-16 |
| CN1184356C true CN1184356C (en) | 2005-01-12 |
Family
ID=4752345
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021537364A Expired - Lifetime CN1184356C (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2002-12-03 | Method of producing aluminium scandium alloy by electrolysis |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1184356C (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10988830B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2021-04-27 | Scandium International Mining Corporation | Scandium master alloy production |
| US11384412B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2022-07-12 | Scandium International Mining Corporation | Direct scandium alloying |
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-
2002
- 2002-12-03 CN CNB021537364A patent/CN1184356C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10988830B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2021-04-27 | Scandium International Mining Corporation | Scandium master alloy production |
| US11384412B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2022-07-12 | Scandium International Mining Corporation | Direct scandium alloying |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1410599A (en) | 2003-04-16 |
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