CN118367418A - Differential frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width - Google Patents
Differential frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width Download PDFInfo
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- CN118367418A CN118367418A CN202410357824.8A CN202410357824A CN118367418A CN 118367418 A CN118367418 A CN 118367418A CN 202410357824 A CN202410357824 A CN 202410357824A CN 118367418 A CN118367418 A CN 118367418A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width, which comprises two lasers with continuously adjustable wavelength, a difference frequency laser amplifying device and a laser difference frequency device, and also comprises a signal generator and two intensity modulators. The two lasers respectively adopt a narrow linewidth continuous laser and a pulse laser, and the pulse middle infrared laser output with any duty ratio is realized by controlling the second laser; or the two lasers adopt narrow linewidth continuous lasers, and the pulse middle infrared laser output with any duty ratio is realized by controlling the difference frequency laser amplifying device, or the intensity modulator is regulated, so that the middle infrared laser output with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width is realized. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of wide wavelength range, simple and compact structure, flexible design, low cost and the like, provides an effective technical scheme for the generation of the middle infrared laser with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width, and has important practical value and application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width.
Background
The infrared laser can effectively expand the wavelength range of the laser through a second-order nonlinear process, such as frequency multiplication, difference frequency, optical parametric oscillation and the like, and realize the laser output of visible light, ultraviolet, mid-infrared and other wavebands. The infrared band laser with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width has important application in the fields of remote sensing and detection, medical treatment and imaging, spectroscopy, material processing and the like. The laser difference frequency generation and optical parametric oscillation are common methods for obtaining high-beam quality and high-power mid-infrared laser, wherein the difference frequency generation is called DFG for short, and the optical parametric oscillation is called OPO for short; however, OPO requires complex cavity design and tuning, precise parameter control to achieve stable operation, while also having a high pump threshold; the single-pass DFG has a simple structure, reduces the design requirement on a complex resonant cavity, becomes an attractive alternative scheme for generating middle infrared lasers, and is one of the simplest and effective ways for obtaining the middle infrared lasers with different wave bands.
In order to meet the requirements of different applications, lasers with different wave bands are required to be adopted. The existing DFG device for generating the middle infrared laser with adjustable wavelength needs to be driven into a difference frequency crystal after two lasers are combined, and the device has a complex structure and various limitations in practical application. In addition, in different applications, the requirements for continuous light and pulse light are different, and the current mid-infrared laser generating modes with different wave bands and pulse widths are not flexible enough.
Therefore, how to simplify the structure of the mid-infrared laser device with continuously adjustable difference frequency generation wavelength and pulse width, and flexibly change the wavelength and pulse width so as to facilitate the flexible application of mid-infrared band laser in various fields is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width, and the two driving signals are respectively adjusted to obtain the laser output with continuously adjustable pulse width and narrow line width; by adjusting the wavelengths of the two lasers respectively, mid-infrared laser with flexible wavelength can be obtained.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width, which comprises a first laser with continuously adjustable wavelength, a second laser, a difference frequency laser amplifying device and a laser difference frequency device;
the difference frequency laser amplifying device comprises a laser beam combining component;
When the first laser is a nanosecond pulse laser, a picosecond pulse laser or a femtosecond pulse laser and the second laser is a narrow linewidth continuous laser, the first laser and the second laser are connected with the laser beam combining device together and then are connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device and the laser difference frequency device in sequence;
Or the first laser and the second laser are respectively connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device, then are connected with the laser beam combining device together, and finally are connected with the laser difference frequency device;
The first laser is controlled to realize the pulse mid-infrared laser output with any duty ratio, and the wavelength of the first laser or the second laser is adjusted to realize the mid-infrared laser output with continuously adjustable wavelength;
or when the first laser and the second laser are both continuous lasers with narrow linewidth, the first laser beam combining device is connected together, and then the difference frequency laser amplifying device and the laser difference frequency device are connected in sequence; or the first laser and the second laser are respectively connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device, then are connected with the laser beam combining device together, and finally are connected with the laser difference frequency device;
The difference frequency laser amplifying device is controlled to realize the pulse mid-infrared laser output with any duty ratio, and the wavelength of the first laser or the second laser is adjusted to realize the mid-infrared laser output with continuously adjustable wavelength;
Or when the first laser and the second laser are both narrow linewidth continuous lasers, the difference frequency laser system further comprises a signal generator, a first intensity modulator and a second intensity modulator;
the first laser and the second laser are respectively connected with the first intensity modulator and the second intensity modulator;
The signal generator is commonly connected with the first intensity modulator and the second intensity modulator;
The first intensity modulator and the second intensity modulator are connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device together and then connected with the laser difference frequency device;
The first laser and the second laser with continuously adjustable wavelength are used for outputting two beams of laser, two driving signals are used for respectively carrying out intensity modulation, and meanwhile, any signals with equal or approximate amplitude and same frequency are applied to the two beams of laser, so that the laser time domains of the first laser and the second laser meet the output of any duty ratio, the two beams of laser enter a difference frequency laser amplifying device together, delay between the two signals is adjusted, and the intermediate infrared laser output with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width is realized through the laser difference frequency device.
Further, the difference frequency laser amplifying device also comprises a laser amplifier, an isolator and an optical focusing lens group;
The laser amplifier, the isolator and the optical focusing lens group are sequentially connected, and the laser beam combining component is connected with the laser amplifier; or the laser beam combining component is connected with the optical focusing lens group; or the laser beam combining component is connected between the laser amplifier and the isolator.
Further, the laser amplifier is one or more of a cascade or parallel one-stage or multi-stage rare earth doped solid-state amplifier, a solid-state Raman amplifier, a rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier or an optical fiber Raman amplifier;
When the laser amplifier is one or more of a one-stage or multi-stage rare earth doped solid amplifier, a solid Raman amplifier, a rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier or an optical fiber Raman amplifier which are connected in parallel, the laser firstly enters the laser amplifier and then enters the laser beam combining component;
when the laser amplifier is one or more of a cascade one-stage or multi-stage rare earth doped solid-state amplifier, a solid-state raman amplifier, a rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier or an optical fiber raman amplifier, the laser enters the laser beam combining component and then enters the laser amplifier.
Further, the signal generator can generate two driving signals to respectively drive the first intensity modulator and the second intensity modulator to jointly carry out intensity modulation on two lasers with continuously adjustable wavelengths, and the laser duty ratio is adjusted to control the laser pulse width so as to realize continuous or pulse operation of the laser with narrow line width;
Or, the power duty ratio of the pumping light in the difference frequency laser amplifying device is adjusted to realize the narrow linewidth laser pulse output, and the pulse width and the wavelength of the difference frequency laser generated by the laser difference frequency device are continuously adjustable after the amplification of the difference frequency laser amplifying device.
Further, the driving signal generated by the signal generator is a periodic signal or an aperiodic signal;
The periodic signal adopts one of a sine signal, a triangular wave signal, a square wave signal and a pulse signal;
The non-periodic signal adopts a pseudo-random code signal or a signal with amplitude changing with time step type.
Further, when the two driving signals are periodic sine, square wave, triangular wave, periodic pulse or periodic pseudo-random signals, the amplitude values of the two signals make the intensity modulation depth beta 1、β2 equal or nearly equal, the frequencies of the two signals are equal or nearly equal, the intensity difference of the two signals is in the range of [ -2npi-phi-pi/6, 2npi+phi+pi/6 ], wherein n is an integer, and phi is the phase difference generated by modulation, transmission and amplification in the transmission process from intensity modulation to difference frequency of the two first lasers and the second lasers with continuously adjustable wavelengths;
The phase difference is compensated by adjusting the time delay between the driving signals, so that the synchronization of the two laser beams for the difference frequency after modulation, transmission and amplification is realized.
Further, the signal generator is a signal generator with adjustable signal amplitude, the peak-to-peak value is not more than 1kV, and the bias is adjustable;
the frequency range of the signal generated by the signal generator is 0-100GHz or the code rate range is 0-100Gbps;
The signal generator is capable of generating a number of signals, the strength or time delay between which can be locked and adjusted to each other.
Further, the laser beam combining component adopts one of a fiber laser beam splitter or coupler with a tail fiber, a dichroic mirror, a polarization beam splitter, a laser beam combiner or a wavelength division multiplexer.
Further, the laser difference frequency device comprises a difference frequency crystal, a temperature control device, a spectroscope and a collimating lens, wherein the difference frequency crystal, the temperature control device, the spectroscope and the collimating lens are sequentially connected;
the laser difference frequency device adopts one of single-pass difference frequency, cascade single-pass difference frequency, double-pass or multi-pass difference frequency and extracavity resonance difference frequency structures.
Further, the difference frequency crystal is selected from: periodically Poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN), periodically poled magnesium doped lithium niobate (MgO-PPLN), periodically poled stoichiometric lithium tantalate doped magnesium oxide (MgO-PPSLT), periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP), potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP), potassium titanyl arsenate (KTA), periodically poled potassium titanyl arsenate (PKTA), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP), potassium dideuterium phosphate (KD) P, beta-barium metaborate (BBO), lithium triborate (LBO), bismuth borate (BIBO), lithium cesium borate (CLBO); zinc germanium phosphate crystal (ZnGeP 2, ZGP for short), gallium selenide crystal (GaSe), gallium arsenide crystal grown by directional patterning technique (OP-GaAs), gallium phosphide crystal grown by directional patterning technique (OP-GaP), cadmium silicon phosphate crystal (CdSiP 2, CSP for short), silver gallium selenide (AgGaSe 2, AGSe), silver gallium sulfide (AgGaS 2, AGS for short).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. The intensity modulation in the invention has the characteristics of wide wavelength range and flexible adjustment; by respectively adjusting the two driving signals, narrow linewidth laser output with continuously adjustable pulse width can be obtained; by adjusting the wavelengths of the two lasers respectively, mid-infrared laser with flexible wavelength can be obtained.
2. The invention has the advantages of wide wavelength range, simple and compact structure, flexible design, low cost and the like, provides an effective technical scheme for the generation of the middle infrared laser with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width, and has important practical value and application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram a of the difference frequency laser amplifying device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram b of the difference frequency laser amplifying device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram c of the difference frequency laser amplifying device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the cascaded fiber laser amplifier of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the parallel fiber laser amplifier of FIG. 3;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the laser difference frequency device in fig. 1.
The labels in fig. 1 illustrate:
The laser comprises a 1-first laser, a 2-second laser, a 3-signal generator, a 4-first intensity modulator, a 5-second intensity modulator, a 10-difference frequency laser amplifying device and an 11-laser difference frequency device;
the labels in figures 2, 3, 4 illustrate:
The system comprises a 6-laser beam combination component, a 7-laser amplifier, an 8-isolator, a 9-optical focusing lens group and a 10-difference frequency laser amplifying device;
The labels in fig. 5 illustrate:
7.1-primary isolator, 7.2-primary laser amplifier, 7.3-secondary isolator, 7.4-secondary laser amplifier;
the labels in fig. 6 illustrate:
7.1-first-path first-stage isolator, 7.2-first-path first-stage laser amplifier, 7.3-second-path first-stage isolator and 7.4-second-path first-stage laser amplifier;
The labels in fig. 7 illustrate:
11.1-difference frequency crystal, temperature control device, 11.2-spectroscope, 11.3-collimating lens.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention by way of examples, which are given as detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures based on the embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples described below.
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments. Features such as part model, material name, connection structure, preparation means, materials, structure or composition proportion which are not explicitly described in the technical scheme are all regarded as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.
The invention provides a difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width, which comprises a first laser 1, a second laser 2, a difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 and a laser difference frequency device 11, wherein the wavelength of the first laser 1 and the wavelength of the second laser 2 are continuously adjustable.
The difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 comprises a laser beam combining component 6;
When the first laser 1 is a nanosecond pulse laser, a picosecond pulse laser or a femtosecond pulse laser and the second laser 2 is a narrow linewidth continuous laser, the first laser 1 and the second laser 2 are connected with the laser beam combining device 6 together, and then are sequentially connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 and the laser difference frequency device 11; or the first laser 1 and the second laser 2 are respectively connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device 10, then are commonly connected with the laser beam combining device 6, and finally are connected with the laser difference frequency device 11.
By controlling the first laser 1, the pulsed mid-infrared laser output with any duty ratio is realized, and the wavelength of the first laser 1 or the second laser 2 is adjusted, so that the mid-infrared laser output with continuously adjustable wavelength can be realized;
Or when the first laser 1 and the second laser 2 are both continuous lasers with narrow linewidth, the laser beam combining device 6 is connected together, and then the difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 and the laser difference frequency device 11 are connected in sequence; or the first laser 1 and the second laser 2 are respectively connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device 10, then are commonly connected with the laser beam combining device 6, and finally are connected with the laser difference frequency device 11;
by controlling the difference frequency laser amplifying device 10, the pulse mid-infrared laser output with any duty ratio is realized, the wavelength of the first laser 1 or the second laser 2 is adjusted, and the mid-infrared laser output with continuously adjustable wavelength is realized.
Or, when the first laser 1 and the second laser 2 are both narrow linewidth continuous lasers, the difference frequency laser system further comprises a signal generator 3, a first intensity modulator 4 and a second intensity modulator 5; the first laser 1 and the second laser 2 are respectively connected with the first intensity modulator 4 and the second intensity modulator 5; the signal generator 3 is commonly connected with a first intensity modulator 4 and a second intensity modulator 5; the first intensity modulator 4 and the second intensity modulator 5 are connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 together, and then connected with the laser difference frequency device 11;
The first laser 1 and the second laser 2 are respectively two narrow linewidth continuous lasers with linewidth smaller than 10GHz and continuously adjustable wavelength with center wavelength difference not larger than 20 μm. The first laser 1 and the second laser 2 output laser with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width, the output laser is respectively subjected to intensity modulation by adopting two driving signals, after beam combination by the laser beam combination assembly 6, the laser amplifier 7 in the difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 is used for simultaneously adjusting the delay between the two signals, and the nonlinear crystal difference frequency in the laser difference frequency device 11 is used for obtaining the narrow-linewidth middle infrared laser output.
The signal generator 3 generates two driving signals to drive the first intensity modulator 4 and the second intensity modulator 5 respectively, so that the laser beam passes through the first intensity modulator 4 and the second intensity modulator 5, passes through the beam combiner 6, passes through the difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 to be amplified, and finally enters the laser difference frequency device 11, thereby obtaining a difference frequency laser output with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width in the difference frequency process. The signal of the signal generator 3 is a periodic signal, including a signal with a step-type change in amplitude value with time, such as a sinusoidal signal, a triangular wave signal, a square wave signal, a pulse signal, a pseudo random code signal, or any other signal.
The signal generator 3 can generate a plurality of signals, and the intensity or time delay between the signals can be adjusted and locked with each other; the amplitude of the signal generated by the signal generator 3 is adjustable, the peak-to-peak value is not more than 1kV, and the bias is adjustable; the frequency range of the signal generated by the signal generator 3 is 0-100GHz or the code rate is 0-100Gbps; the modulation depth of the intensity modulated laser and the frequency interval of the intensity modulated laser can be respectively changed by adjusting the output amplitude, frequency or code rate of the signal generator 3; the time delay of the signal generator 3 is adjusted to change the signal and intensity of the intensity modulated laser.
The difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 comprises a laser beam combining component 6, a laser amplifier 7, an isolator 8 and an optical focusing lens group 9. The laser beam combining assembly 6 is connected with a laser amplifier 7, as shown in fig. 2; or the laser beam combining component 6 is connected with the optical focusing lens group 9, as shown in fig. 3; or the laser beam combining assembly 6 is connected between the laser amplifier 7 and the isolator 8 as shown in fig. 4. The optical focusing lens group 9 is a single or a plurality of lens combinations having a focusing function for laser light for a difference frequency.
The first laser 1 and the second laser 2 with continuously adjustable wavelength can be one of a rare earth doped solid laser, a solid raman laser, a gas laser, a distributed feedback DFB semiconductor laser, an external cavity semiconductor ECDL laser, a distributed feedback DFB fiber laser or a distributed bragg reflection DBR fiber laser, or any combination of the lasers, and the linewidth of the laser with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width is less than 10GHz; the difference between the central wavelength of the first laser 1 and the central wavelength of the second laser 2, which are continuously adjustable in wavelength and pulse width, is not more than 20 mu m.
The first intensity modulator 4 and the second intensity modulator 5 are electro-optic intensity modulators with fiber tails or space electro-optic intensity modulators, and are driven by the signal generator 3; the output ends of the first intensity modulator 4 and the second intensity modulator 5 are connected with a difference frequency laser amplifying device 10.
The laser beam combining component 6 is one of devices with laser beam combining function, such as an optical fiber laser beam splitter (or coupler) with a tail fiber, a dichroic mirror, a polarization beam splitter, the laser beam combining component 6 or a wavelength division multiplexer WDM.
The laser amplifier 7 is one of a parallel or cascade one-stage or multistage rare earth doped solid-state amplifier, a solid-state raman amplifier, a rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier and an optical fiber raman amplifier, and can also be a parallel connection or cascade combination of the above amplifiers. As shown in fig. 5, when the laser amplifier 7 is one or more of a cascaded one-stage or multi-stage rare earth doped solid-state amplifier, a solid raman amplifier, a rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier or an optical fiber raman amplifier, the laser sequentially enters the one-stage isolator 7.1, the one-stage laser amplifier 7.2, the two-stage isolator 7.3 and the two-stage laser amplifier 7.4, and then enters the laser beam combining component 6; as shown in fig. 6, when the laser amplifier 7 is one or more of a parallel one-stage or multi-stage rare earth doped solid-state amplifier, a solid raman amplifier, a rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier or an optical fiber raman amplifier, two paths of laser enter the first path of first-stage isolator 7.1 and the second path of first-stage isolator 7.3 respectively, and the laser passing through the first path of first-stage isolator 7.1 enters the first path of first-stage laser amplifier 7.2 again; the laser passing through the second path of first-stage isolator 7.3 enters the second path of first-stage laser amplifier 7.4 again and then enters the laser beam combining component 6.
The laser difference frequency device 11 adopts one of single-pass difference frequency, cascade single-pass difference frequency, double-pass or multi-pass difference frequency and extracavity resonance difference frequency structures. As shown in fig. 7, the laser difference frequency device 11 includes a difference frequency crystal PPLN and a temperature control device 11.1 thereof, a spectroscope 11.2 and a collimating lens 11.3, and the difference frequency crystal PPLN and the temperature control device 11.1 thereof, the spectroscope 11.2 and the collimating lens 11.3 are sequentially connected.
The difference frequency crystal in the laser difference frequency device 11 is selected from: periodically Poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN), periodically poled magnesium doped lithium niobate (MgO-PPLN), periodically poled stoichiometric lithium tantalate doped magnesium oxide (MgO-PPSLT), periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP), potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP), potassium titanyl arsenate (KTA), periodically poled potassium titanyl arsenate (simple PKTA), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP), potassium dideuterium phosphate (KD) P, beta-barium metaborate (BBO), lithium triborate (LBO), bismuth borate (BIBO), lithium cesium borate (CLBO); zinc germanium phosphate crystal (ZnGeP 2, ZGP for short), gallium selenide crystal (GaSe), gallium arsenide crystal grown by directional patterning technique (OP-GaAs), gallium phosphide crystal grown by directional patterning technique (OP-GaP), cadmium silicon phosphate crystal (CdSiP 2, CSP for short), silver gallium selenide (AgGaSe 2, AGSe), silver gallium sulfide (AgGaS 2, AGS for short).
Example 1
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width includes a first laser 1 with continuously adjustable wavelength, a second laser 2 with continuously adjustable wavelength, a signal generator 3, a first intensity modulator 4, a second intensity modulator 5, a difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 and a laser difference frequency device 11. The first laser 1 and the second laser 2 are both narrow linewidth lasers, wherein the first laser 1 is a distributed feedback semiconductor laser with a linewidth of 10MHz and a continuously adjustable wavelength, and the central wavelength is 1064nm; the second laser 2 is a distributed feedback DFB optical fiber laser with continuously adjustable wavelength and the central wavelength is 1550nm; the signal generator 3 adopts an arbitrary wave signal source to generate two sinusoidal signals, the frequencies are 100MHz, the output amplitude of an electro-optical modulator (EOM) with 1064nm and 1550nm is 8.3V and 10V respectively, the phase difference between the signals is fixed to be-pi/5, and the MgO-doped lithium niobate first intensity modulator 4 and the MgO-doped lithium niobate second intensity modulator 5 are respectively driven, wherein pi/5 is the phase difference between two laser beams in the transmission and amplification processes.
The difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 comprises a laser beam combining component 6, a laser amplifier 7, an isolator 8 and an optical focusing lens group 9. One end of the laser beam combining component 6 is connected with the first intensity modulator 4 and the second intensity modulator 5 together, and the other end is connected with the laser amplifier 7, as shown in fig. 2, the laser amplifier 7 outputs laser, and then the laser passes through the isolator 8 and the optical focusing lens group 9 in sequence. A laser beam combining component 6 adopts WDM of 1064/1550 nm; the laser amplifier 7 is a cascaded rare earth doped fiber laser amplifier, the gain fiber is erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber, the isolator 8 is a space isolator, the laser difference frequency device 11 is of a single-pass difference frequency structure and comprises 1064nm and 1550nm optical focusing lenses, the laser difference frequency device 11 comprises a difference frequency crystal ZGP and a temperature control device 11.1 thereof, a spectroscope 11.2 and a collimating lens 11.3, and the difference frequency crystal ZGP and the temperature control device 11.1 thereof, the spectroscope 11.2 and the collimating lens 11.3 are sequentially connected.
And (3) adopting two sinusoidal signals to respectively carry out sinusoidal intensity modulation on two lasers with continuously adjustable wavelengths and line widths smaller than 10MHz, and adjusting the pulse width of the lasers. Through the laser beam combining component 6, two laser beams with modulated intensity enter a cascade laser amplifier 7 together for amplification, and the amplified laser beams pass through an isolator 8 and then pass through a single-pass difference frequency, so that high-power difference frequency laser with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width is obtained.
In the difference frequency laser generating system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width in the embodiment, the central wavelength of the output laser is 3393.4nm.
Example 2
The difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width in the embodiment comprises a first laser 1 with continuously adjustable wavelength, a second laser 2 with continuously adjustable wavelength, a difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 and a laser difference frequency device 11. The first laser 1 and the second laser 2 are both narrow linewidth lasers, wherein the first laser 1 with the continuously adjustable wavelength is a distributed feedback semiconductor laser with the linewidth of 10MHz, and the central wavelength is 1018nm; the second laser 2 is a distributed feedback DFB fiber laser, and the central wavelength is 1560nm; the difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 comprises a laser beam combining component 6, a laser amplifier 7, an isolator 8 and an optical focusing lens group 9. One end of the laser beam combining component 6 is connected with the laser amplifier 7, and the laser amplifier 7 outputs laser which sequentially passes through the isolator 8 and the optical focusing lens group 9. The laser beam combining component 6 adopts 1018/1560nm WDM; the laser amplifying device 7 is a cascaded rare earth doped fiber laser amplifier, the gain fiber is erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber, and the isolator 8 is a space isolator; the laser difference frequency device 11 has a single-pass difference frequency structure and comprises 1018nm and 1560nm optical focusing lenses. The laser difference frequency device 11 comprises a difference frequency crystal PPLN and a temperature control device 11.1 thereof, a spectroscope 11.2 and a collimating lens 11.3, and the difference frequency crystal PPLN and the temperature control device 11.1 thereof, the spectroscope 11.2 and the collimating lens 11.3 are sequentially connected.
The duty ratio of the pumping driving current of the laser amplifier 7 is adjustable, and the pulse width of the laser amplifier is adjusted to realize the continuously adjustable pulse width of the difference frequency laser. Further by controlling the wavelength of the first laser 1 or the second laser 2, the difference frequency laser with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width can be realized. In the difference frequency laser generating system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width in the embodiment, the central wavelength of the output laser is 2930nm.
Example 3
The difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width in the embodiment comprises a first laser 1, a second laser 2, a difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 and a laser difference frequency device 11. The first laser 1 is a nanosecond pulse laser, the second laser 2 is a narrow linewidth laser, the first laser 1 is a distributed feedback semiconductor laser with a linewidth of 10MHz and a continuously adjustable wavelength, and the central wavelength is 1064nm; the second laser 2 is a distributed feedback DFB fiber laser with continuously adjustable wavelength, and the central wavelength is 1560nm;
The difference frequency laser amplifying device 10 comprises a laser beam combining component 6, a laser amplifier 7, an isolator 8 and an optical focusing lens group 9. One end of the laser beam combining component 6 is connected with the first laser 1 and the second laser 2 together, the other end of the laser beam combining component is connected with the laser amplifier 7, and laser output by the laser amplifier 7 sequentially passes through the isolator 8 and the optical focusing lens group 9. A laser beam combining component 6 adopts WDM of 1064/1560 nm; the laser amplifier 7 is a cascaded rare earth doped fiber laser amplifier, the gain fiber is erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber, the isolator 8 is a space isolator, the laser difference frequency device 11 is of a single-pass difference frequency structure and comprises 1064nm and 1560nm optical focusing lenses, the laser difference frequency device 11 comprises a difference frequency crystal LBO and a temperature control device 11.1 thereof, a spectroscope 11.2 and a collimating lens 11.3, and the difference frequency crystal LBO and the temperature control device 11.1 thereof, the spectroscope 11.2 and the collimating lens 11.3 are sequentially connected.
By controlling the pulse width of the first laser 1 nanosecond pulse laser, the difference frequency laser with continuously adjustable pulse width is realized. Further by controlling the wavelength of the first laser 1 or the second laser 2, the difference frequency laser with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width can be realized. In the difference frequency laser generating system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width in the embodiment, the central wavelength of the output laser is 3346nm.
The previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these embodiments and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width is characterized by comprising a first laser (1), a second laser (2), a difference frequency laser amplifying device (10) and a laser difference frequency device (11), wherein the wavelength of the first laser is continuously adjustable;
The difference frequency laser amplifying device (10) comprises a laser beam combining component (6);
When the first laser (1) is a nanosecond, picosecond or femtosecond pulse laser and the second laser (2) is a narrow linewidth continuous laser, the first laser (1) and the second laser (2) are connected with the laser beam combining device (6) together, and then are sequentially connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device (10) and the laser difference frequency device (11);
Or the first laser (1) and the second laser (2) are respectively connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device (10), then are commonly connected with the laser beam combining device (6), and finally are connected with the laser difference frequency device (11);
the first laser (1) is controlled to realize the pulse mid-infrared laser output with any duty ratio, and the wavelength of the first laser (1) or the second laser (2) is adjusted to realize the mid-infrared laser output with continuously adjustable wavelength;
or when the first laser (1) and the second laser (2) are both continuous lasers with narrow linewidth, the laser beam combining device (6) is connected together, and then the difference frequency laser amplifying device (10) and the laser difference frequency device (11) are connected in sequence; or the first laser (1) and the second laser (2) are respectively connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device (10), then are commonly connected with the laser beam combining device (6), and finally are connected with the laser difference frequency device (11);
The difference frequency laser amplifying device (10) is controlled to realize the pulse mid-infrared laser output with any duty ratio, and the wavelength of the first laser (1) or the second laser (2) is adjusted to realize the mid-infrared laser output with continuously adjustable wavelength;
Or when the first laser (1) and the second laser (2) are both narrow linewidth continuous lasers, the difference frequency laser system further comprises a signal generator (3), a first intensity modulator (4) and a second intensity modulator (5);
the first laser (1) and the second laser (2) are respectively connected with the first intensity modulator (4) and the second intensity modulator (5);
The signal generator (3) is commonly connected with the first intensity modulator (4) and the second intensity modulator (5);
the first intensity modulator (4) and the second intensity modulator (5) are connected with the difference frequency laser amplifying device (10) together and then connected with the laser difference frequency device (11);
Two laser beams are output through a first laser (1) and a second laser (2) with continuously adjustable wavelengths, intensity modulation is respectively carried out by adopting two driving signals, and meanwhile, any signals with equal or approximate amplitude and same frequency are applied to the two laser beams, so that the laser time domains of the first laser (1) and the second laser (2) meet the output of any duty ratio, the two laser beams jointly enter a difference frequency laser amplifying device (10), delay between the two signals is adjusted, and the intermediate infrared laser output with continuously adjustable wavelengths and pulse widths is realized through a laser difference frequency device (11).
2. A continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width difference frequency laser system according to claim 1, characterized in that the difference frequency laser amplifying device (10) further comprises a laser amplifier (7), an isolator (8) and an optical focusing lens group (9);
the laser amplifier (7), the isolator (8) and the optical focusing lens group (9) are sequentially connected, and the laser beam combining component (6) is connected with the laser amplifier (7); or the laser beam combining component (6) is connected with the optical focusing lens group (9); or the laser beam combining component (6) is connected between the laser amplifier (7) and the isolator (8).
3. A continuously variable wavelength and pulse width difference frequency laser system according to claim 2, characterized in that the laser amplifier (7) is one or more of a cascade or parallel one or more stages of rare earth doped solid state amplifier, solid state raman amplifier, rare earth doped fiber amplifier or fiber raman amplifier;
When the laser amplifier (7) is one or more of a one-stage or multi-stage rare earth doped solid amplifier, a solid Raman amplifier, a rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier or an optical fiber Raman amplifier which are connected in parallel, the laser firstly enters the laser amplifier (7) and then enters the laser beam combining component (6);
When the laser amplifier (7) is one or more of a cascade one-stage or multi-stage rare earth doped solid-state amplifier, a solid-state raman amplifier, a rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier or an optical fiber raman amplifier, the laser first enters the laser beam combining component (6) and then enters the laser amplifier (7).
4. The continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width difference frequency laser system according to claim 1, wherein the signal generator (3) can generate two driving signals to respectively drive the first intensity modulator (4) and the second intensity modulator (5) to perform intensity modulation on two continuously adjustable wavelength lasers together, and the duty ratio of the lasers is adjusted to control the pulse width of the lasers so as to realize continuous or pulse operation of the narrow linewidth lasers;
or, the power duty ratio of the pumping light in the difference frequency laser amplifying device (10) is adjusted to realize the narrow linewidth laser pulse output, and the pulse width and the wavelength of the difference frequency laser generated by the laser difference frequency device (11) are continuously adjustable after the amplification of the difference frequency laser amplifying device (10).
5. The difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal generated by the signal generator (3) is a periodic signal or an aperiodic signal;
The periodic signal adopts one of a sine signal, a triangular wave signal, a square wave signal and a pulse signal;
The non-periodic signal adopts a pseudo-random code signal or a signal with amplitude changing with time step type.
6. The continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width difference frequency laser system as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the two driving signals are periodic sine, square wave, triangular wave, periodic pulse or periodic pseudo random signals, the amplitude of the two signals makes the intensity modulation depth β 1、β2 equal or nearly equal, the frequencies of the two signals are equal or nearly equal, the intensity difference of the two signals is in the range of [ -2npi-phi-pi/6, 2npi+phi+pi/6 ], wherein n is an integer, phi is the phase difference generated by modulation, transmission and amplification during transmission from the intensity modulation to the difference frequency of the two continuously adjustable wavelength first laser (1) and the second laser (2);
The phase difference is compensated by adjusting the time delay between the driving signals, so that the synchronization of the two laser beams for the difference frequency after modulation, transmission and amplification is realized.
7. The continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width difference frequency laser system according to claim 1, wherein the signal generator (3) is a signal generator with adjustable signal amplitude, peak-to-peak value is not more than 1kV and offset is adjustable;
the frequency range of the signal generated by the signal generator (3) is 0-100GHz or the code rate range is 0-100Gbps;
The signal generator (3) is capable of generating a number of signals, the intensity or time delay between which can be locked and adjusted to each other.
8. The continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width difference frequency laser system according to claim 1, wherein the laser beam combining component (6) adopts one of a fiber laser beam splitter or coupler with a pigtail, a dichroic mirror, a polarization beam splitter, a laser beam combiner or a wavelength division multiplexer.
9. The difference frequency laser system with continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width according to claim 1, wherein the laser difference frequency device (11) comprises a difference frequency crystal and temperature control device (11.1), a spectroscope (11.2) and a collimating lens (11.3), and the difference frequency crystal and temperature control device (11.1), the spectroscope (11.2) and the collimating lens (11.3) are sequentially connected;
the laser difference frequency device (11) adopts one of a single-pass difference frequency, a cascade single-pass difference frequency, a double-pass or multi-pass difference frequency and an extracavity resonance difference frequency structure.
10. The continuously adjustable wavelength and pulse width difference frequency laser system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the difference frequency crystal is selected from: periodically poled lithium niobate, periodically poled magnesium doped lithium niobate, periodically poled stoichiometric lithium tantalate doped magnesium oxide, periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate, potassium titanyl arsenate, periodically poled potassium titanyl arsenate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dideuterium phosphate, beta-barium metaborate, lithium triborate, bismuth borate, lithium cesium borate; the gallium nitride semiconductor device comprises one of a phosphorus germanium zinc crystal, a gallium selenide crystal, a gallium arsenide crystal grown by a directional pattern technology, a gallium phosphide crystal grown by a directional pattern technology, a phosphorus silicon cadmium crystal, selenium gallium silver and sulfur gallium silver.
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