CN118328988A - Floating type flushing and dredging monitoring method and device for radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section - Google Patents
Floating type flushing and dredging monitoring method and device for radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a floating type dredging monitoring method and device for a radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section, which are used for constructing a calculation formula of a bank collapse occurrence coefficient K, calculating the bank collapse occurrence coefficient of a river reach based on river reach parameters, and judging whether the river reach is a bank collapse dangerous working section; a float type monitoring device is arranged in a water area contained in the bank collapse dangerous section; the float type monitoring device comprises a float, a fixed positioning module in the float and a water depth sensor, wherein the fixed positioning module and the water depth sensor are used for acquiring real-time water depth and positioning data of the position of the float type monitoring device; the floating type monitoring device is fixed on a riverbed by an anchor chain, and the real-time underwater bed surface elevation value of the monitoring point is obtained based on the water depth and water level data acquired in real time. The invention determines the range of the bank collapse risk working section by utilizing the bank collapse occurrence coefficient in advance, thereby greatly reducing the monitoring range and reducing the monitoring cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and disaster early warning, in particular to a floating type dredging monitoring method and device for a radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section.
Background
The river potential siltation change monitoring of the existing bank collapse dangerous working section mainly comprises the steps of measuring ships, yachts, traffic vehicles and the like, and performing risk investigation on important bank sections before flood, after high flood in flood season and drought season by adopting GNSS, laser ranging guns, measuring tape, laser flowmeters and the like when necessary. And a series of measurement methods such as a three-dimensional laser scanner, a multi-beam sounding system, a GNSS, an inertial navigation system, a panoramic camera and the like are used for acquiring land and underwater topographic data of the local shore section, and the image data of the dangerous section is rapidly acquired by means of unmanned aerial vehicle low-altitude tracking. The method consumes a great deal of manpower and material resources, and can not provide real-time continuous terrain change data due to long monitoring time intervals, so that the purposes of real-time monitoring and early warning can not be achieved.
The current real-time monitoring means mainly fixes a GNSS receiver in a monitoring area, so that the GNSS receiver can receive GNSS signals in real time, thereby achieving the purpose of real-time monitoring. The newly developed real-time monitoring and early warning device for the bank collapse dangerous working section is to arrange a sensor on the surface of a river bed so as to achieve the purpose of monitoring the dredging change in real time. The method has the following defects: (1) For a river reach with urgent water depth, the operation difficulty of the embedded sensor on the river bed is extremely high; (2) When the sand content in the water body is large, the measurement accuracy of the sensor can be influenced, even the upper end of the sensor is covered by sediment, and the sensor is in failure; (3) The sensor is buried and can only detect single-point erosion and deposition change, and the erosion and deposition change condition in the whole area cannot be obtained, and the conditions that the dangerous situation of bank collapse occurs but the dangerous situation of bank collapse does not occur in the dense area of the sensor and monitoring and early warning cannot be performed occur exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The first aim of the invention is to provide a floating type dredging monitoring method for a radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A floating type dredging monitoring method for a radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section comprises the following steps:
The calculation formula for constructing the bank collapse occurrence coefficient K is as follows:
Wherein L c is the deep body offshore relative distance, L c = L/B, L is the deep body offshore distance, B is the river width; h t is riffle and pool height difference, and is obtained by the height of a beach Cheng Jianqu deep groove; h c is the relative water depth of the river reach, H w is the average water depth of the bank slope, and H b is the bank wall height, calculated according to H c＝Hw/Hb; u c is the effective flow rate; a 1-a5 is a fitting coefficient, and is obtained based on historical bank collapse process data fitting;
calculating a bank collapse occurrence coefficient of the river reach, and judging the river reach as a bank collapse risk section when K is more than or equal to 0.5;
A float type monitoring device is arranged in a water area contained in the bank collapse dangerous section; the float type monitoring device comprises a float, a fixed positioning module in the float and a water depth sensor, wherein the fixed positioning module and the water depth sensor are used for acquiring real-time water depth and positioning data of the position of the float type monitoring device;
The floating type monitoring device is fixed on a riverbed by an anchor chain, and the real-time underwater bed surface elevation value of the monitoring point is obtained based on the water depth and water level data acquired in real time.
As a preferred embodiment, the monitoring radius of the float-type monitoring device is determined based on the historical high water level and low water level of the river reach.
As a preferred implementation manner, determining the design flood level of the calculated point location according to the river reach embankment design standard as a high water level H 1, and taking the lowest water level value of the river reach in the near N years as a low water level H 2;
monitoring radius
As a preferred embodiment, the float-type monitoring device is disposed in a shallow water area of a river bed.
As a preferred embodiment, the fixed position of the anchor chain on the riverbed is determined based on the following manner:
When R is less than or equal to 0.5L 1, the distance D=R between the fixed point of the anchor chain on the riverbed and the slope foot line of the bank slope;
when 0.5L 2≥R＞0.5L1,D＝R-(L2-L1);
Wherein R is the radius, L 1 is the distance from the slope toe line to the same side runway edge, and L 2 is the distance from the shoreline to the same side runway edge.
As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of the float-type monitoring devices are arranged in the bank collapse risk section, and each float-type monitoring device is spaced by a preset distance.
As a preferred embodiment, the river reach is a river reach corresponding to a concave land of a curved river reach.
The invention further aims to provide a floating type dredging monitoring device for the radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section, which comprises a terminal and a floating type monitoring device;
The terminal comprises a bank collapse risk section determining module and an underwater bed surface elevation value calculating module, wherein the bank collapse risk section determining module calculates a bank collapse occurrence coefficient K, and when K is more than or equal to 0.5, a river reach is judged to be a bank collapse risk section; the bank collapse occurrence coefficient K is calculated as follows:
Wherein L c is the deep body offshore relative distance, L c = L/B, L is the deep body offshore distance, B is the river width; h t is riffle and pool height difference, and is obtained by the height of a beach Cheng Jianqu deep groove; h c is the relative water depth of the river reach, H w is the average water depth of the bank slope, and H b is the bank wall height, calculated according to H c＝Hw/Hb; u c is the effective flow rate; a 1-a5 is a fitting coefficient, and is obtained based on historical bank collapse process data fitting;
The floating type monitoring device comprises a floating, a fixed positioning module in the floating and a water depth sensor, and an underwater bed surface elevation value calculation module used for acquiring real-time water depth and positioning data of the position of the floating type monitoring device and sending the real-time water depth and positioning data to a terminal; the floating type monitoring device is fixed on the riverbed by an anchor chain;
the underwater bed surface elevation value calculation module acquires the real-time underwater bed surface elevation value of the monitoring point based on the water depth and water level data acquired in real time.
As a preferred embodiment, the float-type monitoring device is provided with an audible and visual alarm, and the audible and visual alarm gives an alarm according to a preset frequency. Further, the audible and visual alarm only gives out an alarm sound in daytime, and gives out an alarm in an audible and visual combined mode at night.
As a preferred embodiment, the float monitoring device is provided with a solar inner panel for supplying power to the power utilization device in the float monitoring device.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention uses the coefficient of bank collapse to determine the range of the bank collapse dangerous section, the coefficient can rapidly and accurately distinguish whether the river reach is stable, the monitoring range can be greatly reduced, and the monitoring cost can be reduced.
(2) The floating type dredging monitoring device provided by the invention does not need underwater installation, is low in cost, is simple and portable, has a strong application and popularization value, and is not influenced by water factors such as water flow speed or water body sand content.
(3) The floating type dredging monitoring device provided by the invention can freely float in a shallow water area, continuously float and move along with rising and falling tide, monitor the dredging condition of a river bed in a certain range of water in real time, and predict the dangerous situation of bank collapse in advance through analysis of monitoring data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the A-river of a certain river reach.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a float-type monitoring device.
FIG. 3 is a side layout view of the float-type monitoring device at high water level.
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the float monitor at low water level.
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a float-type monitoring device at low water level (R.ltoreq.0.5L 1).
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of the float monitor at low water level (0.5L 2≥R＞0.5L1).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention takes a river reach A as an example to further explain the technical scheme of the invention. The river reach A is subjected to top impact by main current, the deep body approaches the bank, the river bed is subjected to strong impact and siltation change, serious threat is formed to the safety and the stability of river reach embankment, and impact and siltation monitoring research is required to be carried out on the vulnerable section of the bank.
The floating type dredging monitoring method for the radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section comprises the following steps:
step one: and determining the range of the bank collapse dangerous section according to the river reach.
The bank collapse risk working section refers to a bank section with bank collapse risk, and the bank section with bank collapse risk can be the bank collapse which occurs once or not, and the application considers that the device floats on the water surface and belongs to water area monitoring, so that factors considered in analysis of the bank collapse risk working section are increased, and factors such as river width, flow velocity, riffle and pool height difference, relative water depth and the like are introduced.
Deep offshore relative distance L c = L/B, L being deep offshore distance, B being river width. The smaller Lc the less stable the land. Riffle and pool the height difference H t is obtained from the beach height Cheng Jianqu deep groove height, if riffle and pool the height difference is more than 30m, the river reach is unstable. In addition, the slope stability is also related to the relative water depth H c and the effective flow rate U c.
The invention proposes that the coefficient K represents the possibility of occurrence of the bank collapse of the river reach, and the value of the coefficient K is related to the relative distance between deep body and offshore, riffle and pool height difference, relative water depth and effective flow rate. According to the analysis of the actual bank collapse process data, the bank collapse occurrence coefficient K value calculation method can be obtained through fitting:
K＝0.14Lc -0.81Ht 0.68Hc 2.46Uc 2.06
Wherein H c＝Hw/Hb,Hw is the average water depth of the bank slope, and H w＝0.5(H1+H2),Hb is the height of the bank wall. U 1 is the section maximum flow rate, and U 2 is the silt initiation flow rate. When K is more than or equal to 0.5, the river reach is unstable, the river reach belongs to a bank collapse risk section, dredging monitoring is needed to be carried out, and coefficients in the formula are obtained by fitting according to historical data of the river reach A.
Specifically, the coefficient of bank collapse is below 0.5 for many years, the coefficient of bank collapse exceeds 0.5 since the deep line is closer to the bank after the period of 2020 flood, and riffle and pool height difference and maximum flow rate are increased, according to monitoring data, the coefficient of bank collapse starts to develop towards an unstable state since the coefficient of bank collapse exceeds 0.5, the coefficient of bank collapse becomes larger and faster, and the bank collapse occurs after the coefficient of bank collapse reaches 1.02.
TABLE 1 actual measurement data table for historic bank collapse process of river reach A
In addition, the application verifies the formula by using the historical data of different tidal current river sections, and the result shows that the formula can be widely used for different river sections. The verification result shows that when the bank collapse coefficient is larger than 0.5, the river reach has a high probability of beginning to be unstable, but the occurrence or non-occurrence of bank collapse and the rate of bank collapse are related to the bending degree of the river and the incoming water and sand conditions. Therefore, when the bank collapse occurrence coefficient is larger than 0.5, the real-time monitoring is enhanced, and the bank collapse coefficient is found timely when the bank slope abnormality causes rapid increase.
In addition, due to the difference of different river bank structures, even if the bank collapse coefficient is large, the bank collapse is not necessarily generated. According to verification conditions, the value of the bank collapse occurrence coefficient K is better in the concave bank applicability of the bent river reach, particularly in the water flow top-punched bank reach with the deep groove relatively close to the concave bank, and the bank collapse occurrence coefficient K defined by the invention is verified to be effective under the river reach of the structure, namely bank collapse occurs within a period of time after the bank collapse occurrence coefficient exceeds 0.5.
Table 2 verification Table for different river reach
Taking a certain section (in the frame of fig. 1) in the river reach A as an example, the depth of the river reach is 318.9m, the river width is 2091m, the relative distance of the river reach is 0.15, the riffle and pool height difference is 10.2m, the average water depth of a bank slope is 4.5m, the height of the bank wall is 6.4m, the relative water depth is 0.7, the maximum flow rate of a section is 0.86m/s, the starting flow rate of sediment is 0.46m/s, the effective flow rate is 0.85, K is calculated to be 0.93 and is larger than 0.5, so that the river reach belongs to a bank collapse section, the bank collapse is more likely to occur, and the monitoring is enhanced to avoid dangerous situations.
Step two: float-arranged flushing and silting monitoring device
The water depth sensor, the GNSS positioning module, the solar cell panel, the warning lamp and the like are integrated in one buoy device, and as shown in fig. 2, a probe of the water depth sensor extends out from the bottom and is used for detecting the water depth. Meanwhile, a water level monitoring recorder is arranged near the bank, and the water level monitoring recorder aims at monitoring the water level and can be arranged in an existing mode.
The anchor chain for the buoy is fixed in the bed sediment of the river bed, in the tidal stream river reach, the buoy can move along with water flow and rising and falling tide, meanwhile, the position information of the buoy and the water depth of the position can be recorded in real time, along with the movement of the buoy and the time lapse, the real-time water depth of the region in a certain range of the buoy can be obtained in real time, the difference value between the real-time water depth and the real-time water level is the real-time underwater bed surface elevation value of the monitoring point, and the purpose of monitoring the terrain change in the region in real time is achieved.
The warning light can be an audible and visual alarm for indicating the position of the buoy for the ship.
When the monitoring devices are arranged, a plurality of monitoring devices are arranged at intervals in the range of the bank collapse dangerous working section. The distance between each float type monitoring device can be determined by integrating the range of the bank collapse dangerous section and the monitoring radius of the float type dredging monitoring device, and the principle is that the monitoring devices are arranged as few as possible under the condition of avoiding missing monitoring.
Step three: determining the position and length of the anchor chain of the monitoring device.
Firstly, determining the design flood level at the river reach embankment according to the river reach embankment design standard. For example, if a certain segment of embankment of the river reach A is 50 years met, the high water level H 1 is set to be a 50 year met design flood level value, the low water level H 2 takes a minimum water level value of nearly fifty years, and the floats float with radius
When R is less than or equal to 0.5L 1, the distance d=r between the anchor chain fixed point on the river bed and the slope foot line of the bank slope, and L 1 is the distance from the slope foot line to the channel side line. Because the float type dredging monitoring range mainly aims at shallow water areas of a river bed, the monitoring range is as close to a slope toe line as possible under the condition that the safety of a channel is not affected, and the maximum monitoring range of the float type monitoring device is shown as a circle in fig. 5.
When 0.5L 2≥R>0.5L1, d=r- (L 2-L1),L2 is the distance from the shoreline to the course side, the maximum monitoring range of the float monitoring device is shown as a circle in fig. 6.
Claims (10)
1. The floating type dredging monitoring method for the radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
The calculation formula for constructing the bank collapse occurrence coefficient K is as follows:
;
Wherein L c is the deep body offshore relative distance, L c = L/B, L is the deep body offshore distance, B is the river width; h t is riffle and pool height difference, and is obtained by the height of a beach Cheng Jianqu deep groove; h c is the relative water depth of the river reach, H w is the average water depth of the bank slope, and H b is the bank wall height, calculated according to H c=Hw/Hb; u c is the effective flow rate; a 1-a5 is a fitting coefficient, and is obtained based on historical bank collapse process data fitting;
calculating a bank collapse occurrence coefficient of the river reach, and judging the river reach as a bank collapse risk section when K is more than or equal to 0.5;
A float type monitoring device is arranged in a water area contained in the bank collapse dangerous section; the float type monitoring device comprises a float, a fixed positioning module in the float and a water depth sensor, wherein the fixed positioning module and the water depth sensor are used for acquiring real-time water depth and positioning data of the position of the float type monitoring device;
The floating type monitoring device is fixed on a riverbed by an anchor chain, and the real-time underwater bed surface elevation value of the monitoring point is obtained based on the water depth and water level data acquired in real time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the monitoring radius of the float monitoring device is determined based on historical high and low water levels of the river reach.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the design flood level of the calculated point location is determined as a high water level H 1 according to the river reach embankment design standard, and the lowest water level value of the river reach in the near-N years is taken as a low water level H 2;
monitoring radius 。
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the float monitoring device is disposed in a shallow water area of a river bed.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the fixed position of the anchor chain on the riverbed is determined based on:
when R is less than or equal to 0.5L 1, the distance D=R between the fixed point of the anchor chain on the riverbed and the slope foot line of the bank slope;
at the time of 0.5L 2≥R＞0.5L1, ；
Wherein R is the radius, L 1 is the distance from the slope toe line to the same side runway edge, and L 2 is the distance from the shoreline to the same side runway edge.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the float-type monitoring devices are arranged in a plurality in the bank collapse risk section, each float-type monitoring device being spaced apart by a predetermined distance.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the river reach is a corresponding river reach of a concave bank of a curved river reach.
8. The floating type dredging monitoring device for the radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section is characterized by comprising a terminal and a floating type monitoring device;
The terminal comprises a bank collapse risk section determining module and an underwater bed surface elevation value calculating module, wherein the bank collapse risk section determining module calculates a bank collapse occurrence coefficient K, and when K is more than or equal to 0.5, a river reach is judged to be a bank collapse risk section; the bank collapse occurrence coefficient K is calculated as follows:
;
Wherein L c is the deep body offshore relative distance, L c = L/B, L is the deep body offshore distance, B is the river width; h t is riffle and pool height difference, and is obtained by the height of a beach Cheng Jianqu deep groove; h c is the relative water depth of the river reach, H w is the average water depth of the bank slope, and H b is the bank wall height, calculated according to H c=Hw/Hb; u c is the effective flow rate; a 1-a5 is a fitting coefficient, and is obtained based on historical bank collapse process data fitting;
The floating type monitoring device comprises a floating, a fixed positioning module in the floating and a water depth sensor, and an underwater bed surface elevation value calculation module used for acquiring real-time water depth and positioning data of the position of the floating type monitoring device and sending the real-time water depth and positioning data to a terminal; the floating type monitoring device is fixed on the riverbed by an anchor chain;
the underwater bed surface elevation value calculation module acquires the real-time underwater bed surface elevation value of the monitoring point based on the water depth and water level data acquired in real time.
9. The device according to claim 8, wherein an audible and visual alarm is provided in the float monitoring device, and the audible and visual alarm gives an alarm at a predetermined frequency.
10. The device according to claim 8, wherein the float-type monitoring device is provided with a solar panel for supplying power to the power utilization device in the float-type monitoring device.
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| CN202410446873.9A CN118328988A (en) | 2024-04-15 | 2024-04-15 | Floating type flushing and dredging monitoring method and device for radial tide bank collapse dangerous working section |
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